Do schools kill creativity? | Sir Ken Robinson | TED

Prevoditelj: Predrag Pale Recezent: Goran Tomas

Dobro jutro. Kako ste? Ovdje je sjajno, zar ne?

Good morning. How are you?

(Audience) Good.

It's been great, hasn't it?

Sve ovo ovdje me potpuno oduševilo.

I've been blown away by the whole thing.

In fact, I'm leaving.

Zapravo, dosta mi je, odlazim.

(Laughter)

Kroz konferenciju se provlače tri teme,

There have been three themes running through the conference,

koje su važne

which are relevant to what I want to talk about.

One is the extraordinary evidence of human creativity

za ono o čemu želim govoriti.

Prvo je nevjerojatna ljudska kreativnost

in all of the presentations that we've had

u svim prezentacijama koje smo vidjeli

and in all of the people here;

just the variety of it and the range of it.

i kod svih sudionika. Tolika raznovrsnost i širina.

Drugo je da nas to dovodi u situaciju

The second is that it's put us in a place

where we have no idea what's going to happen

da nemamo pojma kamo će nas sve to dovesti

in terms of the future.

u budućnosti. Nemamo pojma

No idea how this may play out.

kako će se to razviti.

I have an interest in education.

Mene jako zanima obrazovanje -

Actually, what I find is, everybody has an interest in education.

zapravo, svatko je zainteresiran za obrazovanje.

Don't you?

Zar ne? Ovo mi se čini vrlo zanimljivim.

I find this very interesting.

Ako ste na domjenku

If you're at a dinner party, and you say you work in education --

i kažete da radite u školstvu –

actually, you're not often at dinner parties, frankly.

doduše, ako radite u školstvu, onda niste često na domjencima.

(Laughter)

If you work in education, you're not asked.

Ne pozivaju vas.

(Laughter)

I nikad vam ne uzvraćaju pozive. Zanimljivo. To mi je čudno.

And you're never asked back, curiously. That's strange to me.

But if you are, and you say to somebody,

No, ako vas pozovu,

you know, they say, "What do you do?"

i netko vas pita: “Čime se bavite?”

and you say you work in education,

a vi odgovorite da radite u školstvu,

you can see the blood run from their face.

vidite kako problijede. Vidite kako se pitaju:

They're like, "Oh my God. Why me?"

(Laughter)

“O Bože, zašto ja?! Moja jedina slobodna večer u tjednu.”

"My one night out all week."

(Laughter)

But if you ask about their education, they pin you to the wall,

Ali ako ih pitate za njihovo obrazovanje,

pribiju vas na križ. Jer to je jedna od onih stvari

because it's one of those things that goes deep with people, am I right?

koje su duboko u čovjeku, koje su mu jako važne, zar ne?

Like religion and money and other things.

Poput vjere, novca i takvih stvari.

So I have a big interest in education, and I think we all do.

Obrazovanje mi je jako važno, mislim da nam je svima.

Ono nam je svima iskonski važno,

We have a huge vested interest in it,

partly because it's education that's meant to take us into this future

dijelom jer očekujemo da će nas ono odvesti

u tu budućnost, koju još ne možemo pojmiti.

that we can't grasp.

If you think of it,

Razmislite, djeca koja kreću u školu ove godine

children starting school this year will be retiring in 2065.

ići će u mirovinu 2065. Nitko nema pojma –

Nobody has a clue,

despite all the expertise that's been on parade for the past four days,

usprkos svim stručnjacima koje smo slušali ovih dana –

kako će svijet izgledati

what the world will look like in five years' time.

za pet godina. A ipak se očekuje

And yet, we're meant to be educating them for it.

da ih obrazujemo za taj svijet.

So the unpredictability, I think, is extraordinary.

Mislim da je nepredvidljivost golema.

And the third part of this is that we've all agreed, nonetheless,

I treće je,

svi smo se složili,

on the really extraordinary capacities that children have --

koliko nevjerojatnu sposobnost za inovaciju

their capacities for innovation.

imaju djeca. Na primjer, Sirena je sinoć bila

I mean, Sirena last night was a marvel, wasn't she?

zapanjujuća, zar ne? Što sve ona može!

Just seeing what she could do.

And she's exceptional, but I think she's not, so to speak,

Ona jest iznimna, ali ne mislim da je

iznimka u dječjem svijetu.

exceptional in the whole of childhood.

Ovdje se radi o osobi nevjerojatne predanosti

What you have there is a person of extraordinary dedication

who found a talent.

koja je talentirana. A ja mislim

And my contention is, all kids have tremendous talents,

da sva djeca imaju ogromnu nadarenost.

and we squander them, pretty ruthlessly.

A mi ju odbacujemo. Vrlo nemilosrdno.

Želim govoriti o obrazovanju i

So I want to talk about education,

and I want to talk about creativity.

želim govoriti o kreativnosti. Vjerujem da je kreativnost

My contention is that creativity now is as important in education as literacy,

danas jednako važna u obrazovanju

kao i pismenost. I trebamo se prema njoj jednako odnositi.

and we should treat it with the same status.

(Applause)

Hvala vam.

Thank you.

(Applause)

That was it, by the way. Thank you very much.

To je to. To je sve. Hvala vam.

(Laughter)

So, 15 minutes left.

Dakle, imam još 15 minuta. No dobro. Rođen sam…

(Laughter)

"Well, I was born ... "

(Laughter)

Nedavno sam čuo prekrasnu priču – volim ju pričati –

I heard a great story recently -- I love telling it --

o djevojčici na satu crtanja. Bilo joj je šest godina

of a little girl who was in a drawing lesson.

She was six, and she was at the back, drawing,

i sjedila je otraga, crtajući

and the teacher said this girl hardly ever paid attention,

i nikad nije previše obraćala pažnju – kaže učiteljica –

osim na tom satu crtanja.

and in this drawing lesson, she did.

The teacher was fascinated.

She went over to her, and she said, "What are you drawing?"

Učiteljica je bila time očarana, otišla je do nje

i upitala: “Što crtaš?”

And the girl said, "I'm drawing a picture of God."

“Crtam Boga” odgovori djevojčica.

And the teacher said, "But nobody knows what God looks like."

“Ali nitko ne zna kako Bog izgleda” začudi se učiteljica.

And the girl said, "They will in a minute."

“Sad će vidjeti.”

(Laughter)

reče djevojčica.

Kad je moj sin imao četiri godine u Engleskoj

When my son was four in England --

– zapravo, imao je četiri godine bilo gdje.

actually, he was four everywhere, to be honest.

Strogo govoreći, ma kamo da je išao, imao je četiri.

(Laughter)

If we're being strict about it, wherever he went, he was four that year.

He was in the Nativity play. Do you remember the story?

Glumio je u priči o Isusovom rođenju.

Sjećate li se priče? Ne, bilo je to važno.

(Laughter)

No, it was big, it was a big story.

Mel Gibson je snimio nastavak.

Mel Gibson did the sequel, you may have seen it.

(Laughter)

Možda ste ga vidjeli: “Priča o Isusovom rođenju 2.”

"Nativity II."

But James got the part of Joseph, which we were thrilled about.

No, James je dobio ulogu Josipa, što je nas oduševilo.

We considered this to be one of the lead parts.

Za nas je to bila jedna od glavnih uloga.

We had the place crammed full of agents in T-shirts:

Kod nas je sve bilo puno agenata s majicama

"James Robinson JE Joseph!"

"James Robinson IS Joseph!"

(Laughter)

He didn't have to speak, but you know the bit where the three kings come in?

Nije trebao govoriti, ali znate onaj dio

gdje dolaze tri kralja. Ulaze noseći darove:

They come in bearing gifts, gold, frankincense and myrrh.

zlato, tamjan i smirnu.

This really happened.

To se zbilja dogodilo. Gledali smo ih

We were sitting there, and I think they just went out of sequence,

i mislim da su se zabunom zamijenili.

because we talked to the little boy afterward and said,

Poslije smo razgovarali s dječakom i pitali ga:

"You OK with that?" They said, "Yeah, why? Was that wrong?"

“Ti si s time zadovoljan?” A on je odgovorio:

“Aha. Zašto, Nešto nije u redu?” Oni su se jednostavno zamijenili.

They just switched.

The three boys came in, four-year-olds with tea towels on their heads.

No, tri dječaka ulaze,

četverogodišnjaci s ručnicima na glavi

i stavljaju kutije na pod.

They put these boxes down, and the first boy said, "I bring you gold."

Prvi dječak kaže: “Donosim vam zlato”.

And the second boy said, "I bring you myrrh."

Drugi dječak kaže: “Donosim tamjan”.

And the third boy said, "Frank sent this."

(Laughter)

A treći dječak kaže: „Ovo je poslao Frank.” (umjesto "frankincense")

What these things have in common is that kids will take a chance.

Ono što je svemu tome zajedničko je to da će djeca pokušati, riskirat će.

If they don't know, they'll have a go.

Ako ne znaju kako, izmislit će.

Zar ne? Oni se ne boje pogriješiti.

Am I right? They're not frightened of being wrong.

Ne želim reći da je griješiti isto što i biti kreativan.

I don't mean to say that being wrong is the same thing as being creative.

What we do know is, if you're not prepared to be wrong,

Ali, ono što znamo jest da,

ako niste spremni pogriješiti,

you'll never come up with anything original --

nikad nećete smisliti nešto originalno.

if you're not prepared to be wrong.

Nikad nećete smisliti nešto originalno, ni kad odrastete. Ako niste spremni pogiješiti.

And by the time they get to be adults, most kids have lost that capacity.

Kad odrastu, većina djece je već izgubila tu sposobnost.

Počeli su se bojati pogriješiti.

They have become frightened of being wrong.

And we run our companies like this.

A tako upravljamo i svojim organizacijama.

We stigmatize mistakes.

Osuđujemo pogreške.

And we're now running national education systems

I vodimo obrazovni sustav tako kao da je pogreška

where mistakes are the worst thing you can make.

najgora stvar koju možemo napraviti.

And the result is that we are educating people

Rezultat je da oblikujemo ljude IZVAN, mimo njihovih kreativnih sposobnosti.

out of their creative capacities.

Picasso je jednom rekao

Picasso once said this, he said that all children are born artists.

da su sva djeca rođeni umjetnici.

The problem is to remain an artist as we grow up.

Problem je kako ostati umjetnikom dok odrastaš.

I believe this passionately, that we don't grow into creativity,

Čvrsto vjerujem da odrastanjem ne postajemo kreativni(ji),

we grow out of it.

već sve manje kreativni. Obrazujemo se da ne budemo kreativni.

Or rather, we get educated out of it.

Zašto je tome tako?

So why is this?

Do prije pet godina živio sam u Stratford-on-Avon

I lived in Stratford-on-Avon until about five years ago.

In fact, we moved from Stratford to Los Angeles.

Od tamo smo se preselili u Los Angeles.

Možete zamisliti kako je to glatko prošlo.

So you can imagine what a seamless transition this was.

(Laughter)

Zapravo,

Actually, we lived in a place called Snitterfield,

živjeli smo u mjestu Snitterfield.

just outside Stratford,

A tamo je rođen Shakespeare-ov otac.

which is where Shakespeare's father was born.

Jel' vas zapanjila nova pomisao? Mene jest.

Are you struck by a new thought? I was.

You don't think of Shakespeare having a father, do you?

Nikad niste razmišljali o tome da je Shakespeare imao oca. Zar ne?

Do you?

Zar ne? Jer ne razmišljamo o tome

Because you don't think of Shakespeare being a child, do you?

da je Shakespeare bio dijete.

Shakespeare being seven?

Shakespeare od sedam godina? Nikad mi to nije palo na pamet.

I never thought of it.

I mean, he was seven at some point.

Mislim, jednom je morao imati sedam godina.

He was in somebody's English class, wasn't he?

I bio je na nečijim satovima engleskog, zar ne? Nije li to nezgodno?

(Laughter)

How annoying would that be?

“Moraš se više truditi!” korio ga je otac

(Laughter)

"Must try harder."

(Laughter)

Being sent to bed by his dad, to Shakespeare, "Go to bed, now!"

pred spavanje. “U krevet sad.”

To William Shakespeare.

reče otac Williamu Shakespeare-u. „I prestani pisati.

"And put the pencil down!"

I prestani govoriti tako čudno.

(Laughter)

"And stop speaking like that."

(Laughter)

"It's confusing everybody."

(Laughter)

Zbunjuješ ljude."

Anyway, we moved from Stratford to Los Angeles,

Dakle, preselili smo se iz Stratford-a u Los Angeles

i zapravo želim samo nešto reći o toj promjeni.

and I just want to say a word about the transition.

Moj sin se nije htio seliti.

Actually, my son didn't want to come.

I've got two kids; he's 21 now, my daughter's 16.

Imam dvoje djece. On sada ima 21, a kćer 16.

He didn't want to come to Los Angeles.

Nije se htio seliti u Los Angeles. Sviđalo mu se tamo, ali

He loved it, but he had a girlfriend in England.

imao je djevojku u Engleskoj. Sara je bila ljubav njegovog života.

This was the love of his life, Sarah.

Poznavao ju je mjesec dana.

He'd known her for a month.

Zamislite, imali su četvrtu godišnjicu,

(Laughter)

Mind you, they'd had their fourth anniversary,

jer to je dugo vrijeme kad imaš 16.

because it's a long time when you're 16.

He was really upset on the plane.

No, bio je prilično uzrujan u avionu.

He said, "I'll never find another girl like Sarah."

„Nikad neću naći drugu djevojku poput Sare”

And we were rather pleased about that, frankly --

A, iskreno rečeno, nama je to bilo drago,

jer je ona bila glavni razlog

(Laughter)

because she was the main reason we were leaving the country.

(Laughter)

našeg odlaska iz Engleske.

No nešto vas iznenadi kad se preselite u Ameriku

But something strikes you when you move to America

ili kad putujete svijetom.

and travel around the world:

Svi obrazovni sustavi na svijetu ima istu hijerarhiju predmeta.

every education system on earth has the same hierarchy of subjects.

Svi. Bez obzira u kojoj zemlji.

Every one. Doesn't matter where you go.

Očekujete da će biti drukčije, a nije.

You'd think it would be otherwise, but it isn't.

Na vrhu su matematika i jezici,

At the top are mathematics and languages, then the humanities.

onda društveni predmeti, a na dnu umjetnost.

At the bottom are the arts. Everywhere on earth.

Svugdje na svijetu,

And in pretty much every system, too, there's a hierarchy within the arts.

i skoro u svakom sustavu,

postoji hijerarhija i u umjetnostima.

Art and music are normally given a higher status in schools

Likovni i glazbeni odgoj uobičajeno imaju viši status

than drama and dance.

od glume i plesa. Ne postoji obrazovni sustav na svijetu

There isn't an education system on the planet

that teaches dance every day to children

koji djecu poučava plesu svaki dan

the way we teach them mathematics.

na isti način kao što ih poučava matematici. Zašto?

Why?

Why not?

Zašto ne? Mislim da je to jako važno.

I think this is rather important.

Mislim da je matematika jako važna, ali je i ples.

I think math is very important, but so is dance.

Children dance all the time if they're allowed to, we all do.

Djeca plešu cijelo vrijeme, ako im dozvolimo. Svi bismo mi to radili, da smijemo.

We all have bodies, don't we? Did I miss a meeting?

Svi imamo tijela, zar ne? Ili sam nešto propustio?

(Laughter)

Iskreno, ono što se dešava je to da,

Truthfully, what happens is, as children grow up,

kako djeca odrastaju, sve više ih obrazujemo

we start to educate them progressively from the waist up.

od pojasa na više. A onda se koncentriramo na njihove glave.

And then we focus on their heads.

I to pretežito samo na jednu stranu (mozga, lijevu).

And slightly to one side.

Kad bi vanzemaljac posjetio naš obrazovni sustav

If you were to visit education as an alien

and say "What's it for, public education?"

i pitao: “Koja mu je svrha?”,

I think you'd have to conclude, if you look at the output,

mislim da bi zaključak bio – gledajući rezultate:

who really succeeds by this,

tko u njemu zaista uspijeva,

who does everything they should,

tko napravi sve što se od njega traži,

who gets all the brownie points, who are the winners --

tko dobiva pohvale i nagrade, tko je pobjednik –

I think you'd have to conclude the whole purpose of public education

mislim da bismo morali zaključiti da je cijela svrha javnog obrazovanja

throughout the world

u cijelom svijetu

is to produce university professors.

proizvesti sveučilišne profesore, zar ne?

Isn't it?

They're the people who come out the top.

Oni su ti koji u svemu tome (jedini) uspijevaju.

And I used to be one, so there.

(Laughter)

I ja sam bio jedan od njih, znate.

Ja volim sveučilišne profesore, ali znate,

And I like university professors,

but, you know, we shouldn't hold them up

ne bismo ih trebali smatrati krajnjim postignućem ljudske vrste.

as the high-water mark of all human achievement.

They're just a form of life.

Oni su samo oblik života,

Another form of life.

jedan oblik života. I ima nešto čudno u vezi s njima,

But they're rather curious.

a kad to kažem, kažem iz ljubavi prema njima.

And I say this out of affection for them:

there's something curious about professors.

Iz svog iskustva mogu reći da je nešto čudno sa sveučilišnim profesorima -

In my experience -- not all of them, but typically -- they live in their heads.

ne svima, ali tipično – oni žive u svojoj glavi.

They live up there and slightly to one side.

Oni žive ovdje gore, i pomalo samo na jednoj strani (lijevoj).

Nekako su odvojeni od tijela, pomalo na doslovan način.

They're disembodied, you know, in a kind of literal way.

They look upon their body as a form of transport for their heads.

Svoje tijelo smatraju

transportnim sredstvom za svoju glavu, zar ne?

(Laughter)

Don't they?

It's a way of getting their head to meetings.

To je način da njihove glave stignu na sastanke.

(Laughter)

Usput budi rečeno, ako želite pravi dokaz vantjelesnog iskustva,

If you want real evidence of out-of-body experiences, by the way,

otiđite za vrijeme neke konferencije

get yourself along to a residential conference of senior academics

uvaženih profesora

and pop into the discotheque on the final night.

u diskoteku, završne večeri.

(Laughter)

Tamo ćete vidjeti odrasle muškarce i žene

And there, you will see it.

Grown men and women writhing uncontrollably, off the beat.

kako se nekontrolirano migolje, izvan ritma,

(Laughter)

čekajući da to prođe kako bi otišli kući i napisali referat o tome.

Waiting until it ends, so they can go home and write a paper about it.

Naš je obrazovni sustav zasnovan na ideji o akademskim sposobnostima.

(Laughter)

Our education system is predicated on the idea of academic ability.

I za to postoji razlog.

And there's a reason.

Around the world, there were no public systems of education,

Cijeli je sustav konstruiran … U cijelom svijetu,

prije 19-tog stoljeća nisu postojale javne škole.

really, before the 19th century.

Svrha zbog koje su uspostavljene je

They all came into being to meet the needs of industrialism.

da zadovolje potrebe industrijalizacije.

Hijerarhijska podjela predmeta počiva na dvije ideje.

So the hierarchy is rooted on two ideas.

Number one, that the most useful subjects for work are at the top.

Kao prvo, na vrhu su predmeti koji će vam biti najpotrebniji

na radnom mjestu. Zbog toga su vas vjerojatno

So you were probably steered benignly away from things at school

u školi dobronamjerno usmjeravali od onih stvari

when you were a kid,

koje su vam se sviđale, s objašnjenjem da

things you liked,

on the grounds you would never get a job doing that.

vjerojatno nećete naći posao radeći njih. Zar ne?

Is that right?

Pusti glazbu, nećeš biti glazbenik.

"Don't do music, you're not going to be a musician;

Pusti slikanje, nećeš biti slikar.

don't do art, you won't be an artist."

Benign advice -- now, profoundly mistaken.

Dobronamjeran savjet – ali danas suštinski promašen.

The whole world is engulfed in a revolution.

Jer cijeli je svijet danas u velikom u preokretu.

And the second is academic ability,

Drugo je akademska sposobnost,

which has really come to dominate our view of intelligence,

koja dominira našim pogledom na inteligenciju,

jer su sveučilišta dizajnirala sustav prema sebi.

because the universities design the system in their image.

Kad razmislite, cijeli sustav

If you think of it,

the whole system of public education around the world is a protracted process

javnog obrazovanja u svijetu je

produljeni proces sveučilišnog sustava.

of university entrance.

Posljedica toga je da mnogi jako talentirani,

And the consequence is that many highly talented,

brilliant, creative people think they're not,

briljantni, kreativni ljudi misle da oni to nisu,

because the thing they were good at at school

jer ono u čemu su bili dobri u školi

nije bilo cijenjeno ili je čak bilo osuđivano.

wasn't valued, or was actually stigmatized.

And I think we can't afford to go on that way.

Mislim da si ne možemo više priuštiti da tako ostane.

In the next 30 years, according to UNESCO,

U slijedećih 30 godina, prema UNESCO-u,

more people worldwide will be graduating through education

više će ljudi u svijetu diplomirati

than since the beginning of history.

nego u cjelokupnoj povijesti do tada.

More people.

Više ljudi. A to je posljedica

And it's the combination of all the things we've talked about:

onoga o čemu smo ovdje govorili –

technology and its transformational effect on work,

tehnologije i njenog utjecaja na preobrazbu načina rada,

and demography and the huge explosion in population.

demografije i eksplozivnog rasta stanovništva.

Suddenly, degrees aren't worth anything.

Odjednom, diplome i titule više ništa ne znače. Zar nije tako?

Isn't that true?

Kad sam ja bio student, ako si imao diplomu, imao si posao.

When I was a student, if you had a degree, you had a job.

If you didn't have a job, it's because you didn't want one.

Ako nisi imao posao, to je bilo zato što ga nisi htio.

And I didn't want one, frankly.

A ja ga zapravo nisam htio.

(Laughter)

Ali danas djeca s diplomom

But now kids with degrees are often heading home

to carry on playing video games,

idu natrag kući igrati video igre,

jer im treba magisterij tamo gdje je nekad bila dovoljna diploma,

because you need an MA where the previous job required a BA,

a doktorat gdje je trebao magisterij.

and now you need a PhD for the other.

It's a process of academic inflation.

To je proces akademske inflacije.

And it indicates the whole structure of education is shifting beneath our feet.

On pokazuje da se cijeli sustav obrazovanja

izmiče ispod naših nogu.

We need to radically rethink our view of intelligence.

Moramo radikalno promijeniti naš pogled na inteligenciju.

O inteligenciji znamo tri stvari.

We know three things about intelligence.

Prvo, ona je raznovrsna. O svijetu razmišljamo na sve načine

One, it's diverse.

We think about the world in all the ways that we experience it.

na koji ga doživljavamo. Razmišljamo vizualno,

We think visually, we think in sound, we think kinesthetically.

kroz zvuk, kroz dodir.

We think in abstract terms, we think in movement.

Razmišljamo apstraktno i u pokretu.

Secondly, intelligence is dynamic.

Drugo, inteligencija je dinamična.

If you look at the interactions of a human brain,

Ako pogledamo interakcije ljudskog mozga,

as we heard yesterday from a number of presentations,

kao što smo čuli jučer u nekoliko prezentacija,

intelligence is wonderfully interactive.

inteligencija je čudesno interaktivna.

The brain isn't divided into compartments.

Mozak nije podijeljen na odjeljke.

In fact, creativity --

Zapravo, kreativnost – koju ja definiram kao

which I define as the process of having original ideas that have value --

sposobnost imanja originalnih ideja koje imaju vrijednost –

more often than not comes about

najčešće se ispoljava u interakciji

through the interaction of different disciplinary ways of seeing things.

različitih načina „viđenja” stvari.

Postoji snop živaca

By the way, there's a shaft of nerves that joins the two halves of the brain,

koji povezuje dvije moždane polutke

called the corpus callosum.

koji se zove “corpus callosum”. Kod žena je deblji.

It's thicker in women.

Na osnovi onog što je Helen rekla jučer,

Following off from Helen yesterday,

to je vjerojatno uzrok da su žene bolje u “multi taskingu” –

this is probably why women are better at multitasking.

Because you are, aren't you?

obavljanju više poslova istovremeno. Zar nije tako?

There's a raft of research, but I know it from my personal life.

Postoje istraživanja, ali ja to znam iz osobnog iskustva.

If my wife is cooking a meal at home, which is not often ...

Kad moja supruga kuha –

što nije često, hvala bogu.

thankfully.

(Laughter)

No, kad kuha - ne, ona je dobra u nekim stvarima-

No, she's good at some things.

ali kad kuha,

But if she's cooking, she's dealing with people on the phone,

istovremeno razgovara telefonom,

she's talking to the kids, she's painting the ceiling --

govori djeci, boji strop

(Laughter)

i izvodi operaciju na otvorenom srcu. Istovremeno.

she's doing open-heart surgery over here.

If I'm cooking, the door is shut, the kids are out,

Kad ja kuham, vrata su zatvorena, djeca su vani,

the phone's on the hook,

telefon je isključen, a ako ona uđe, ja se uzrujam i kažem:

if she comes in, I get annoyed.

I say, "Terry, please, I'm trying to fry an egg in here."

“Terry, molim te, zar ne vidiš da pokušavam ispeći jaje? Ostavi me na miru.”

(Laughter)

"Give me a break."

(Laughter)

Actually, do you know that old philosophical thing,

Zapravo, sjećate li se onog starog filozofskog pitanja:

"If a tree falls in a forest, and nobody hears it, did it happen?"

"Ako drvo padne u šumi, a nitko to nije čuo,

je li se to stvarno dogodilo?" Sjećate li se starog kestena?

Remember that old chestnut?

I saw a great T-shirt recently, which said,

Nedavno sam vidio sjajnu majicu na kojoj je pisalo:

"If a man speaks his mind in a forest, and no woman hears him,

“Ako muškarac govori što misli u šumi,

is he still wrong?"

a žena ga ne čuje, je li on i dalje u krivu?”

(Laughter)

And the third thing about intelligence is,

Treća stvar vezana uz inteligenciju

it's distinct.

jest da je ona upečatljiva, posebna. Upravo pišem

I'm doing a new book at the moment called "Epiphany,"

knjigu s naslovom “Bogojavljenje”, koja se zasniva na seriji

which is based on a series of interviews with people

intervjua s ljudima o tome kako su otkrili svoj talent.

about how they discovered their talent.

Fasciniran sam time kako su ljudi došli do toga.

I'm fascinated by how people got to be there.

Knjiga je potaknuta razgovorom

It's really prompted by a conversation I had with a wonderful woman

s predivnom ženom za koju mnogi možda nikad nisu čuli.

who maybe most people have never heard of, Gillian Lynne.

Zove se Gillian Lynne.

Jeste li čuli za nju? Neki jesu. Ona je koreograf

Have you heard of her? Some have.

She's a choreographer, and everybody knows her work.

i svi poznaju njena djela.

Stvorila je mjuzikle “Mačke” i “Fantom u operi”.

She did "Cats" and "Phantom of the Opera."

Ona je predivna. Nekad sam bio u upravi Kraljevskog baleta, u Engleskoj,

She's wonderful.

I used to be on the board of The Royal Ballet, as you can see.

kao što možete vidjeti.

(Laughter)

Dakle, jednog sam dana ručao s Gillian i pitao sam ju:

Gillian and I had lunch one day. I said, "How did you get to be a dancer?"

“Gillian, kako si postala plesačica?”

It was interesting.

Odgovorila mi je da je to baš zanimljivo,

When she was at school, she was really hopeless.

jer je u školi bila beznadežan slučaj.

And the school, in the '30s, wrote to her parents and said,

To je bilo u 30-tima i škola je pisala roditeljima:

"We think Gillian has a learning disorder."

“Mislimo da Gillian ima poremećaj učenja.”

She couldn't concentrate; she was fidgeting.

Nije se mogla koncentrirati, stalno se vrpoljila.

I think now they'd say she had ADHD.

Mislim da se to danas zove ADHD (poremećaj pažnje), zar ne?

Wouldn't you?

But this was the 1930s, and ADHD hadn't been invented at this point.

Ali to je bilo u 30-tima i ADHD tada još nisu izumili.

It wasn't an available condition.

To nije bila raspoloživa dijagnoza.

(Laughter)

Ljudi nisu bili svjesni da smiju imati takvu bolest.

People weren't aware they could have that.

No, majka ju je odvela liječniku specijalisti.

(Laughter)

Anyway, she went to see this specialist.

U toj drvom obloženoj sobi

So, this oak-paneled room, and she was there with her mother,

sjedila je na rukama 20 minuta

dok je taj čovjek razgovarao

and she was led and sat on this chair at the end,

s njenom majkom o svim problemima

and she sat on her hands for 20 minutes,

koje je Gillian imala u školi.

while this man talked to her mother

about all the problems Gillian was having at school,

Uznemiravala je ljude,

because she was disturbing people, her homework was always late, and so on.

kasnila je sa zadaćom, itd.,

osmogodišnjakinja – na kraju je doktor

Little kid of eight.

In the end, the doctor went and sat next to Gillian and said,

sjeo kraj nje i rekao:

"I've listened to all these things your mother's told me.

“Gillian, slušao sam o svemu što mi je tvoja majka

rekla i sad moram s njom razgovarati na samo.”

I need to speak to her privately.

“Pričekaj ovdje, vratit ćemo se brzo.”

Wait here. We'll be back. We won't be very long,"

and they went and left her.

I na to su izašli i ostavili ju samu.

No, dok su izlazili, doktor je uključio radio

But as they went out of the room,

he turned on the radio that was sitting on his desk.

na svom stolu. Kad su izašli,

rekao je majci:

And when they got out of the room,

“Samo čekajte i gledajte ju.”

he said to her mother, "Just stand and watch her."

And the minute they left the room,

Istog trenutka kad su napustili sobu, Gillian je ustala

she was on her feet, moving to the music.

i počela se njihati u ritmu muzike. Promatrali su ju par minuta,

And they watched for a few minutes, and he turned to her mother and said,

a onda se doktor okrenuo majci i rekao joj:

"Mrs. Lynne, Gillian isn't sick.

“Gospođo Lynne, Gillian nije bolesna, ona je plesačica.

She's a dancer.

Odvedite ju u plesnu školu.”

Take her to a dance school."

I said, "What happened?"

Pitao sam ju: “I što se tad dogodilo?”

She said, "She did. I can't tell you how wonderful it was.

Odgovorila mi je: “Odvela me je. Ne mogu vam opisati kako je to bilo predivno.

We walked in this room, and it was full of people like me --

Ušli smo u sobu prepunu ljudi poput mene.

people who couldn't sit still,

Ljudi koji nisu mogli mirno sjediti.

people who had to move to think."

Koji su se morali kretati da bi mislili.

Who had to move to think.

Plesali su balet, step, jazz,

They did ballet, they did tap, jazz; they did modern; they did contemporary.

suvremeni ples.”

Kasnije je primljena u Kraljevsku baletnu školu,

She was eventually auditioned for the Royal Ballet School.

postala je solist i imala prekrasnu karijeru s njima.

She became a soloist; she had a wonderful career at the Royal Ballet.

Kad je diplomirala,

She eventually graduated from the Royal Ballet School,

osnovala je vlastitu

plesnu skupinu

founded the Gillian Lynne Dance Company,

met Andrew Lloyd Webber.

i srela Andrew Lloyd Webera.

She's been responsible for

some of the most successful musical theater productions in history,

Zaslužna je za neke od najuspješniji kazališnih

she's given pleasure to millions,

produkcija u povijesti, podarila je užitak milijunima ljudi

and she's a multimillionaire.

Somebody else might have put her on medication and told her to calm down.

i postala multi milijunaš.

(Applause)

Neki drugi liječnik bi joj prepisao

lijekove za smirenje.

Ja mislim … Ono što mislim, svodi se na ovo.

What I think it comes to is this:

Al Gore spoke the other night

Al Gore je neku večer govorio o

about ecology and the revolution that was triggered by Rachel Carson.

ekologiji i revoluciji koju je pokrenula Rachel Carson.

Vjerujem da je naša jedina nada za budućnost

I believe our only hope for the future

is to adopt a new conception of human ecology,

da prihvatimo novi koncept ljudske ekologije,

onaj koji će obnoviti našu spoznaju

one in which we start to reconstitute our conception

of the richness of human capacity.

o bogatstvu ljudskih sposobnosti.

Our education system has mined our minds

Naš obrazovni sustav iskorištava naše umove na isti način

in the way that we strip-mine the earth for a particular commodity.

kao što mi ogoljujemo Zemlju radi iskorištavanja nekog (prirodnog) bogatstva.

A to nije dobro za našu budućnost.

And for the future, it won't serve us.

We have to rethink the fundamental principles

Moramo ponovno osmisliti temeljna načela

on which we're educating our children.

na kojima obrazujemo svoju djecu.

There was a wonderful quote by Jonas Salk, who said,

Jonas Salk je prekrasno rekao:

"If all the insects were to disappear from the Earth,

“Kad bi svi kukci nestali s lica Zemlje,

within 50 years, all life on Earth would end.

za 50 godina nestao bi život sa Zemlje.

A kad bi svi ljudi nestali,

If all human beings disappeared from the Earth,

za 50 godina sve ostale vrste bi procvale.”

within 50 years, all forms of life would flourish."

I on je u pravu.

And he's right.

Ono što TED slavi je dar ljudske mašte.

What TED celebrates is the gift of the human imagination.

Moramo se potruditi da taj dar

We have to be careful now that we use this gift wisely,

koristimo mudro i da spriječimo neke scenarije

and that we avert some of the scenarios that we've talked about.

o kojima smo ovdje govorili.

And the only way we'll do it is by seeing our creative capacities

Jedini način da to postignemo je da prepoznamo

for the richness they are

svo bogatstvo naših stvaralačkih sposobnosti

and seeing our children for the hope that they are.

i da u svojoj djeci vidimo nadu koja ona i jesu.

And our task is to educate their whole being,

Naš je zadatak obrazovati njihovo cijelo biće, tako da bude spremno za tu budućnost.

so they can face this future.

By the way -- we may not see this future,

Usput – mi možda nećemo vidjeti tu budućnost,

but they will.

ali oni hoće. A naš je posao

And our job is to help them make something of it.

da im pomognemo da nešto od toga naprave. Hvala vam.

Thank you very much.

(Applause)