5 ways to listen better | Julian Treasure | TED

4,682,327 views ใƒป 2011-07-29

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Oren Szekatch ืžื‘ืงืจ: Sigal Tifferet
00:15
We are losing our listening.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืื‘ื“ื™ื ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ื”ืงืฉื‘ื” ืฉืœื ื•.
00:18
We spend roughly 60 percent of our communication time listening,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืงื“ื™ืฉื™ื ื›-60% ืžื–ืžืŸ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืฉืœื ื• ืœื”ืงืฉื‘ื”,
00:22
but we're not very good at it.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžืื•ื“ ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื›ืš.
00:24
We retain just 25 percent of what we hear.
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ื ื•ืชืจื™ื ืืฆืœื ื• ืจืง 25% ืžืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื.
00:26
Now -- not you, not this talk,
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ืœื ืืชื, ืœื ื”ื”ืจืฆืื” ื”ื–ื•,
00:28
but that is generally true.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืœืœื™.
00:29
(Laughter)
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื’ื“ื™ืจ ื”ืงืฉื‘ื”
00:31
Let's define listening as making meaning from sound.
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ื›ื”ืคืงืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืžืฆืœื™ืœ.
00:34
It's a mental process,
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ื–ื”ื• ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžื ื˜ืœื™,
00:36
and it's a process of extraction.
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ื•ื–ื”ื• ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืฉืœ ืžื™ืฆื•ื™.
ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ืœืฉื ื›ืš ื‘ื›ืžื” ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื ื”ื“ืจื•ืช.
00:39
We use some pretty cool techniques to do this.
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ืื—ืช ืžื”ื ื”ื•ื ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื“ืคื•ืกื™ื.
00:41
One of them is pattern recognition.
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(ืจืขืฉ ืฉืœ ืงื”ืœ) ืื– ื‘ืžืกื™ื‘ืช ืงื•ืงื˜ื™ื™ืœ ื›ืžื• ื–ืืช,
00:43
(Crowd noises) So in a cocktail party like this,
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00:45
if I say, "David, Sara, pay attention" -- some of you just sat up.
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ืื ืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ, "ื“ื™ื•ื•ื™ื“, ืฉืจื”, ืฉื™ืžื• ืœื‘,"
ืื—ื“ื™ื ืžื›ื ื”ื–ื“ืงืคื• ื›ืขืช ื‘ืžื•ืฉื‘ื™ื”ื.
00:49
We recognize patterns to distinguish noise from signal,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื–ื”ื™ื ื“ืคื•ืกื™ื
ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจืขืฉ ืœืื•ืช,
00:53
and especially our name.
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ื•ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืฉืžื ื•.
00:55
Differencing is another technique we use.
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ื”ื‘ื“ืœื” ื”ื™ื ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ื‘ื” ืื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื.
00:57
If I left this pink noise on for more than a couple of minutes,
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ืื™ืœื• ื”ืฉืืจืชื™ ืืช ื”ืจืขืฉ ื”ื•ืจื•ื“ ื”ื–ื” ืœื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ืžื” ื“ืงื•ืช,
01:00
(Pink noise) you would literally cease to hear it.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืžืžืฉ ืžืคืกื™ืงื™ื ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืื•ืชื•.
ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืงืฉื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื,
01:03
We listen to differences; we discount sounds that remain the same.
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ื•ืžื‘ื˜ืœื™ื ืฆืœื™ืœื™ื ืฉื ืฉืืจื™ื ื–ื”ื™ื.
ื•ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื™ืฉ ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ืฉืœ ืžืกื ื ื™ื.
01:08
And then there is a whole range of filters.
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ื”ืžืกื ื ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืžืฉืื™ืจื™ื ืœื ื• ืžื›ืœ ื”ืฆืœื™ืœื™ื
01:11
These filters take us from all sound
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01:13
down to what we pay attention to.
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ืจืง ืืช ืืœื• ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื™ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืœื”ื ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื‘.
01:15
Most people are entirely unconscious of these filters.
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ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื ื—ืกืจื™ ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ
ืœืžืกื ื ื™ื ื”ืœืœื•.
01:19
But they actually create our reality in a way,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžืกื•ื™ื ื”ื ืืœื” ืฉื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•,
01:22
because they tell us what we're paying attention to right now.
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ื›ื™ ื”ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื ื• ืœืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื™ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื‘.
01:25
I'll give you one example of that.
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ืืชืŸ ืœื›ื ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืื—ืช ืœื›ืš:
01:27
Intention is very important in sound, in listening.
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ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ืžืื“ ื‘ืฆืœื™ืœ ืื• ื‘ื”ืงืฉื‘ื”.
01:30
When I married my wife,
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ื›ืฉื”ืชื—ืชื ืชื™ ืขื ืื™ืฉืชื™,
01:32
I promised her I would listen to her every day
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ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืชื™ ืœื” ืฉืืงืฉื™ื‘ ืœื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื
01:34
as if for the first time.
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ื›ืžื• ื”ื™ืชื” ื–ื• ื”ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”.
ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื™ ื ื›ืฉืœ ื‘ื›ืš ืžื™ื“ื™ ื™ื•ื.
01:37
Now that's something I fall short of on a daily basis.
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
01:40
(Laughter)
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01:41
But it's a great intention to have in a relationship.
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ื, ื–ืืช ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื ืคืœืื”.
01:44
(Laughter)
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื›ืœ.
01:45
But that's not all.
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ื”ืฆืœื™ืœ ืžืžืงื ืื•ืชื ื• ื‘ืžืจื—ื‘ ื•ื‘ื–ืžืŸ.
01:47
Sound places us in space and in time.
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ืื ืชืขืฆืžื• ืืช ืขื™ื ื™ื›ื ื›ืขืช, ื‘ืื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”,
01:50
If you close your eyes right now in this room,
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01:52
you're aware of the size of the room
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ืชื”ื™ื• ืžื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœื’ื•ื“ืœื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ืœื
ืชื•ื“ื•ืช ืœื”ื“ื”ื•ื“
01:55
from the reverberation and the bouncing of the sound off the surfaces;
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ื•ืœืฆืœื™ืœื™ื ืฉื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืžืฉื˜ื—ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื.
01:58
you're aware of how many people are around you,
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ื•ืชื”ื™ื• ืžื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœื›ืžื•ืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื›ื
ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืจืขืฉื™ื ื”ื–ืขื™ืจื™ื ืฉืืชื ืงื•ืœื˜ื™ื.
02:01
because of the micro-noises you're receiving.
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02:03
And sound places us in time as well,
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ื”ืฆืœื™ืœ ืžืžืงื ืื•ืชื ื• ื’ื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ,
02:06
because sound always has time embedded in it.
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ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื–ืžืŸ ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื™ื”
ืžื•ื˜ื‘ืข ื‘ืฆืœื™ืœ.
02:09
In fact, I would suggest that our listening is the main way
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื”ืงืฉื‘ื” ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื™ื ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ืจืืฉื™ืช
02:12
that we experience the flow of time
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ืฉื‘ื” ืื ื• ื—ืฉื™ื ืืช ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ
02:14
from past to future.
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ืžื”ืขื‘ืจ ืืœ ื”ืขืชื™ื“.
ืื–, "ืฆืœื™ืœื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื–ืžืŸ ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช" -- ืฆื™ื˜ื•ื˜ ื ื”ื“ืจ.
02:17
So, "Sonority is time and meaning" -- a great quote.
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ืืžืจืชื™ ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื”, ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืื‘ื“ื™ื ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ื”ืงืฉื‘ื” ืฉืœื ื•.
02:20
I said at the beginning, we're losing our listening.
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ืžื“ื•ืข ืืžืจืชื™ ื–ืืช?
02:22
Why did I say that?
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02:23
Well, there are a lot of reasons for this.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื™ืฉื ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื›ืš.
02:25
First of all, we invented ways of recording --
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ืจืืฉื™ืช ื›ืœ, ื”ืžืฆืื ื• ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ืชื™ืขื•ื“ --
ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื”ื›ืชื™ื‘ื”, ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ื”ืงืœื˜ืช ื”ืฉืžืข
02:28
first writing, then audio recording and now video recording as well.
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ื•ื›ืขืช ื’ื ื”ืกืจื˜ื”.
02:31
The premium on accurate and careful listening has simply disappeared.
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ื”ืคืจืก ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืงืฉื‘ื” ืžื“ื•ื™ื™ืงืช ื•ืงืคื“ื ื™ืช
ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื ืขืœื.
02:36
Secondly, the world is now so noisy,
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ืฉื ื™ืช, ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ื ืจื•ืขืฉ ืžืื“,
02:39
(Noise) with this cacophony going on visually and auditorily,
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(ืจืขืฉ) ืขื ื”ืงืงื•ืคื•ื ื™ื” ื”ื–ื• ืฉืžืชืจื—ืฉืช ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ
ื—ื–ื•ืชื™ืช ื•ื’ื ืฉืžื™ืขืชื™ืช,
02:44
it's just hard to listen;
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ืคืฉื•ื˜, ืงืฉื” ืœื”ืงืฉื™ื‘;
02:46
it's tiring to listen.
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ืžืขื™ื™ืฃ ืœื”ืงืฉื™ื‘.
02:48
Many people take refuge in headphones,
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืžืคืœื˜ ื‘ืื•ื–ื ื™ื•ืช,
02:50
but they turn big, public spaces like this,
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ื—ืœืœื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื›ืžื• ื–ื”,
02:53
shared soundscapes,
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ื›ืžื• ื”ื ื•ืฃ ื”ืฆืœื™ืœื™ ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ื”ื–ื”,
02:55
into millions of tiny, little personal sound bubbles.
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ืœืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืฆืœื™ืœ ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื˜ื ื•ืช.
02:59
In this scenario, nobody's listening to anybody.
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ื‘ืชืกืจื™ื˜ ื”ื–ื”, ืื™ืฉ ืื™ื ื ื• ืžืงืฉื™ื‘ ืœืื™ืฉ.
ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืกืจื™ ืกื‘ืœื ื•ืช.
03:03
We're becoming impatient.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืืžื ื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ,
03:05
We don't want oratory anymore; we want sound bites.
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ืืœื ื‘ืคื™ืกื•ืช ืฆืœื™ืœ.
03:08
And the art of conversation is being replaced -- dangerously, I think --
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ื•ืืžื ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื—ื”
ืžืชื—ืœืคืช -- ื•ื–ื” ืžืกื•ื›ืŸ, ืœื“ืขืชื™ --
03:12
by personal broadcasting.
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ื‘ืฉื™ื“ื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™.
03:14
I don't know how much listening there is in this conversation,
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ืื™ื ื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ื›ืžื” ื”ืงืฉื‘ื” ืžืชืจื—ืฉืช ื‘ื”ืจืฆืื” ื”ื–ืืช,
ื•ืœืฆืขืจื™ ื–ื” ื ืคื•ืฅ ืžืื“,
03:18
which is sadly very common, especially in the UK.
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ื‘ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ื”.
03:21
We're becoming desensitized.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืขืฉื™ื ืงื”ื™ื.
03:23
Our media have to scream at us with these kinds of headlines
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ืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืฉืœื ื• ื ืืœืฆื™ื ืœืฆืขื•ืง ืขืœื™ื ื• ืขื ื›ื•ืชืจื•ืช ื›ืืœื”
03:26
in order to get our attention.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื™ื‘ื ื•.
03:28
And that means it's harder for us to pay attention
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ืžืฉืžืข ืฉืงืฉื” ืœื ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืฉื™ื ืœื‘.
ืœืฉืงื˜, ืœืžืขื•ื“ืŸ,
03:31
to the quiet, the subtle, the understated.
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ืœืžืื•ืคืง.
03:35
This is a serious problem that we're losing our listening.
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ืื™ื‘ื•ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ื”ืงืฉื‘ื” ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื™ื ื‘ืขื™ื” ืจืฆื™ื ื™ืช.
03:38
This is not trivial,
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ื–ื” ืื™ื ื ื• ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ืžื”-ื‘ื›ืš.
03:40
because listening is our access to understanding.
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ื›ื™ ื”ื”ืงืฉื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืคืชื— ืฉืœื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื ื”.
ื”ืงืฉื‘ื” ืžื•ื“ืขืช ื™ื•ืฆืจืช ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ื‘ื ื”.
03:44
Conscious listening always creates understanding,
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03:47
and only without conscious listening
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ื•ืจืง ืœืœื ื”ืงืฉื‘ื” ืžื•ื“ืขืช
03:50
can these things happen.
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ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชืจื—ืฉ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืืœื• --
03:52
A world where we don't listen to each other at all
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ืขื•ืœื ื‘ื• ืื™ืŸ ืื ื• ืžืงืฉื™ื‘ื™ื ื›ืœืœ ืื™ืฉ ืœืจืขื”ื•,
ื”ื•ื ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืžืงื•ื ืžืคื—ื™ื“ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
03:55
is a very scary place indeed.
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ืื– ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืชืช ืœื›ื
03:59
So I'd like to share with you five simple exercises,
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ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืชืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ื™ื, ื›ืœื™ื ืฉืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืงื—ืช ืื™ืชื›ื,
04:02
tools you can take away with you,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ื”ืงืฉื‘ื” ื”ืžื•ื“ืขืช ืฉืœื›ื.
04:04
to improve your own conscious listening.
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ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื?
04:06
Would you like that?
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04:07
Audience: Yes!
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(ืงื”ืœ:) ื›ืŸ. ื™ื•ืคื™.
04:08
Good. The first one is silence.
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ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื“ืžืžื”.
04:11
Just three minutes a day of silence is a wonderful exercise
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ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื“ืงื•ืช ื“ืžืžื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ื™ื•ื
ื–ื”ื• ืชืจื’ื™ืœ ื ืคืœื
04:15
to reset your ears and to recalibrate,
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ืฉืžืืชื—ืœ ืืช ืื•ื–ื ื™ื›ื ื•ืžื›ื™ื™ืœ ืืชื›ื ืžื—ื“ืฉ
04:17
so that you can hear the quiet again.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชื•ื›ืœื• ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืืช ื”ืฉืงื˜.
ืื ืื™ื ื›ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ื“ืžืžื” ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช,
04:20
If you can't get absolute silence,
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04:21
go for quiet, that's absolutely fine.
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ื”ืกืชืคืงื• ื‘ืฉืงื˜. ื–ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจ ื’ืžื•ืจ.
04:24
Second, I call this "the mixer."
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ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืื ื™ ืงื•ืจื "ื”ืžืขืจื‘ืœ".
04:27
(Noise) So even if you're in a noisy environment like this --
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(ืจืขืฉ) ื›ืš ืฉื’ื ืื ืืชื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืจื•ืขืฉืช ื›ืžื• ื–ื• --
ื•ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืžื‘ืœื™ื ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื›ืืœื• --
04:31
and we all spend a lot of time in places like this --
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04:33
listen in the coffee bar to how many channels of sound can I hear?
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ื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืงืคื”
ืœื›ืžื” ืขืจื•ืฆื™ ืฉืžืข ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืื–ื™ืŸ?
04:37
How many individual channels in that mix am I listening to?
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ืœื›ืžื” ืขืจื•ืฆื™ื ื ืคืจื“ื™ื ืื ื™ ืžืงืฉื™ื‘ ื‘ื‘ืœื™ืœ ื”ื–ื”?
04:40
You can do it in a beautiful place as well, like in a lake.
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ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ื’ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื™ืคื”, ื›ืžื• ืœืžืฉืœ ื‘ืื’ื.
ืœื›ืžื” ืฆื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืื ื™ ืžืื–ื™ืŸ?
04:44
How many birds am I hearing?
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04:45
Where are they? Where are those ripples?
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ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื”ืŸ? ืžื ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื’ื™ืขื•ืช ื”ืื“ื•ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”?
04:47
It's a great exercise for improving the quality of your listening.
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ื–ื”ื• ืชืจื’ื•ืœ ืžืขื•ืœื”
ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื”ืงืฉื‘ื” ืฉืœื›ื.
04:52
Third, this exercise I call "savoring," and this is a beautiful exercise.
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ืœืชืจื’ื™ืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืื ื™ ืงื•ืจื "ื”ืชืขื ื’ื•ืช",
ื•ื–ื”ื• ืชืจื’ื™ืœ ื™ืคื”ืคื”.
04:56
It's about enjoying mundane sounds.
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ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื”ื ืื” ืžืฆืœื™ืœื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ื™ื.
04:58
This, for example, is my tumble dryer.
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ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ื–ื”ื• ื”ืžื™ื™ื‘ืฉ ืฉืœื™.
05:01
(Dryer)
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(ืžื™ื™ื‘ืฉ) ื–ื”ื• ื•ืืœืก.
05:02
It's a waltz -- one, two, three; one, two, three; one, two, three.
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ืื—ืช, ืฉืชื™ื™ื, ืฉืœื•ืฉ, ืื—ืช, ืฉืชื™ื™ื, ืฉืœื•ืฉ.
ืื ื™ ืžืช ืขืœ ื–ื”.
05:07
I love it!
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05:08
Or just try this one on for size.
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ืื•, ืจืื• ืื™ืš ื–ื” ืžืชืื™ื ืœื›ื.
05:10
(Coffee grinder)
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(ืžื˜ื—ื ืช ืงืคื”)
05:19
Wow!
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ื•ื•ืื•!
05:21
So, mundane sounds can be really interesting --
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ืื– ืฆืœื™ืœื™ื ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื™ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืื“ ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืื ืฉืžื™ื ืœื‘ ืืœื™ื”ื.
05:23
if you pay attention.
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ื–ื”ื•ื™ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืงื”ืœื” ื”ืกืžื•ื™ื”.
05:24
I call that the "hidden choir" -- it's around us all the time.
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ื–ื” ื ืžืฆื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื ื• ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ.
ื”ืชืจื’ื™ืœ ื”ื‘ื
05:28
The next exercise is probably the most important of all of these,
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ื”ื•ื ื›ื ืจืื” ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื›ืœ ื”ืชืจื’ื™ืœื™ื,
ืื ืชื–ื›ืจื• ืจืง ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ื“ ืžื›ืœ ื–ื”.
05:32
if you just take one thing away.
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05:33
This is listening positions --
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ืืœื• ื”ื ืžืฆื‘ื™ ื”ืงืฉื‘ื” --
05:35
the idea that you can move your listening position
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ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื”ืงืฉื‘ื” ืฉืœื›ื
ื›ืš ืฉื™ืชืื™ื ืœื ื•ืฉื ื”ื”ืงืฉื‘ื” ืฉืœื›ื.
05:39
to what's appropriate to what you're listening to.
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ื–ื”ื• ืžืฉื—ืง ืขื ื”ืžืกื ื ื™ื ื”ื”ื.
05:41
This is playing with those filters.
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ื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื ืฉื ืชืชื™ ืœื›ื ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื” ืืช ื”ืžืกื ื ื™ื ื”ื”ื?
05:43
Remember I gave you those filters?
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ื–ื” ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืฉื—ืง ืื™ืชื ื•ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื”ื ื›ืžื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื•ืช,
05:45
It's starting to play with them as levers,
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ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืข ืœื”ื ื•ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื™ื.
05:47
to get conscious about them and to move to different places.
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ืืœื• ื”ื ืจืง ื—ืœืง ืžืžืฆื‘ื™ ื”ื”ืงืฉื‘ื”,
05:50
These are just some of the listening positions,
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ืื• ื”ื™ืงืคื™ ื”ื”ืงืฉื‘ื” ื‘ื”ื ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ.
05:52
or scales of listening positions, that you can use.
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05:54
There are many.
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ื™ืฉื ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื›ืืœื”.
05:56
Have fun with that. It's very exciting.
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ืฉื—ืงื• ืขื ื–ื”. ื–ื” ืžืื“ ืžืจื’ืฉ.
05:58
And finally, an acronym.
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ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ืจืืฉื™ ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช.
06:00
You can use this in listening, in communication.
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ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ื”ืงืฉื‘ื”, ื‘ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช.
06:03
If you're in any one of those roles --
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ืื ืืชื ืžืžืœืื™ื ืžืฉื”ื• ืžื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• --
06:05
and I think that probably is everybody who's listening to this talk --
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ื•ืœื“ืขืชื™, ื–ื” ื›ื ืจืื” ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืžืงืฉื™ื‘ ืœื”ืจืฆืื” ื”ื–ื• --
06:09
the acronym is RASA,
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ืจืืฉื™ ื”ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืŸ "ืจืืกื”",
06:11
which is the Sanskrit word for "juice" or "essence."
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ืฉื–ื• ืžื™ืœื” ื‘ืกื ืกืงืจื™ื˜
ืฉืžืฉืžืขื” "ืžื™ืฅ" ืื• "ืชืžืฆื™ืช".
06:15
And RASA stands for "Receive," which means pay attention to the person;
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ื•ืจืืฉื™ ื”ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช ืจืืก"ื” ืžืฉืžืขื ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช "ืงื‘ืœื”",
ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืฉื™ืžื• ืœื‘ ืœืื“ื;
"ื”ืขืจื›ื”", ื”ืคืงืช ืฆืœื™ืœื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื
06:20
"Appreciate," making little noises like "hmm," "oh," "OK";
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ื›ืžื• "ื”ืžืžืž", "ื”ื•", "ืื•ืงื™ื™";
06:23
"Summarize" -- the word "so" is very important in communication;
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"ืกื™ื›ื•ื"; ืœืžื™ืœื” "ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ" ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืจื‘ื” ืžืื“ ื‘ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช;
ื•"ืœืฉืื•ืœ": ืœืฉืื•ืœ ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืฉืืœื•ืช.
06:27
and "Ask," ask questions afterwards.
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06:30
Now sound is my passion, it's my life.
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ื”ืฆืœื™ืœ ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืฉื ื”ืœื”ื˜ ืฉืœื™. ื”ื•ื ื›ืœ ื—ื™ื™.
06:32
I wrote a whole book about it. So I live to listen.
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ื›ืชื‘ืชื™ ืกืคืจ ืฉืœื ืขืœ ื–ื”. ื›ืš ืฉืื ื™ ื—ื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืงืฉื™ื‘.
ืœืจื•ื‘ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื–ื• ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžื“ื™.
06:35
That's too much to ask for most people.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืฉื›ืœ ื‘ืŸ-ืื ื•ืฉ
06:38
But I believe that every human being needs to listen consciously
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ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื•ื“ืข
06:41
in order to live fully --
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ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ืžืœืื™ื --
ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืจื—ื‘ ื•ื‘ื–ืžืŸ.
06:44
connected in space and in time to the physical world around us,
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ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ืคื™ื–ื™ ืฉืกื‘ื™ื‘ื ื•,
06:47
connected in understanding to each other,
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ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ื–ื•ืœืช,
ืฉืœื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืจื•ื—ื ื™,
06:50
not to mention spiritually connected,
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ื›ื™ ื‘ื›ืš ื“ืจืš ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช ืฉืื ื™ ืžื›ื™ืจ
06:52
because every spiritual path I know of has listening and contemplation
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ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื‘ื” ื•ื”ืจื”ื•ืจ
ื‘ืœื™ื‘ื”.
06:56
at its heart.
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06:57
That's why we need to teach listening in our schools as a skill.
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ื•ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื”
ืœื›ืš ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืœืžื“ ื”ืงืฉื‘ื” ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ ืฉืœื ื•
ื›ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ืช.
07:03
Why is it not taught? It's crazy.
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ืœืžื” ืœื ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ืืช ื–ื”? ื–ื” ืžื˜ื•ืจืฃ.
ื•ืื ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืœืžื“ ื”ืงืฉื‘ื” ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ ืฉืœื ื•,
07:06
And if we can teach listening in our schools,
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07:08
we can take our listening off that slippery slope
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ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืืช ื”ื™ื“ืจื“ืจื•ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ื”ืงืฉื‘ื” ืฉืœื ื•
07:11
to that dangerous, scary world that I talked about,
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ืœืื•ืชื• ืขื•ืœื ืžืกื•ื›ืŸ ื•ืžืคื—ื™ื“ ืขืœื™ื• ื“ื™ื‘ืจืชื™
07:13
and move it to a place where everybody is consciously listening all the time,
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ื•ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื” ืœืžืงื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ื›ื•ืœื ืžืงืฉื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžื•ื“ืข ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ --
07:17
or at least capable of doing it.
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ืื• ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœื›ืš.
07:19
Now, I don't know how to do that,
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ืื™ื ื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช,
07:21
but this is TED,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘-TED,
07:23
and I think the TED community is capable of anything.
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ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืงื”ื™ืœืช TED ืžืกื•ื’ืœืช ืœื›ืœ.
07:26
So I invite you to connect with me, connect with each other,
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ืื– ืื ื™ ืžื–ืžื™ืŸ ืืชื›ื ืœื”ืชื—ื‘ืจ ืืœื™, ืœื”ืชื—ื‘ืจ ืœื–ื•ืœืช,
07:29
take this mission out.
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ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื” ื”ื–ื•, ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืœืžื“ ื”ืงืฉื‘ื” ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ
07:31
And let's get listening taught in schools,
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ื•ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืชื•ืš ื“ื•ืจ ืื—ื“ ืœืขื•ืœื ืฉืžืงืฉื™ื‘ ื‘ืžื•ื“ืข --
07:33
and transform the world in one generation
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07:35
to a conscious, listening world -- a world of connection,
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ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ,
07:37
a world of understanding
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ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื ื” ื•ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ื.
07:39
and a world of peace.
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07:40
Thank you for listening to me today.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื ืขืœ ืฉื”ืงืฉื‘ืชื ืœื™ ื”ื™ื•ื.
07:42
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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