Underwater astonishments | David Gallo

Prevodilac: Sandra Gojic Lektor: Ivana Korom

We're going to go on a dive to the deep sea,

Zaronićemo u duboko more.

and anyone that's had that lovely opportunity

I svako ko je imao tu divnu priliku zna

knows that for about two and half hours on the way down,

da je, oko dva i po sata na putu dole,

it's a perfectly positively pitch-black world.

to stvarno svet savršeno crn kao ugalj.

And we used to see the most mysterious animals out the window

I viđali smo toliko misteriozne životinje kroz prozor

that you couldn't describe:

da se ne može opisati. Ova treperuća svetla:

these blinking lights -- a world of bioluminescence, like fireflies.

bioluminiscentni svet, poput svitaca.

Dr. Edit Viter - sada u Udruženju za očuvanje istraživanja (Reseacrh Conservation Association) -

Dr. Edith Widder -- she's now at the Ocean Research and Conservation Association --

napravila je kameru

was able to come up with a camera

koja može da snimi neke od ovih neverovatnih životinja,

that could capture some of these incredible animals,

i to je ono što vidite ovde na ekranu.

and that's what you're seeing here on the screen.

That's all bioluminescence. Like I said: just like fireflies.

Sve je to bioluminiscencija. Kao što sam rekao: poput svitaca.

Tu je leteće ćurka, ispod drveta. (smeh)

There's a flying turkey under a tree.

(Laughter)

Znam. Ja sam geolog po profesiji. Ali volim to.

I'm a geologist by training.

But I love that.

And you see, some of the bioluminescence they use to avoid being eaten,

I vidite da se neke bioluminiscence

koriste da bi izbegle da ih neko pojede,

some they use to attract prey,

neke se koriste da privuku plen.

but all of it, from an artistic point of view,

Ali sve to, sa umetničke strane, je stvarno neverovatno.

is just positively amazing.

And a lot of what goes on inside --

I mnogo toga što se dešava unutra -

There's a fish with glowing eyes, pulsating eyes.

evo je riba sa svetlećim očima, pulsirajućim očima.

Some of the colors are designed to hypnotize,

Neke od tih boja su dizajnirane da hipnotišu.

these lovely patterns.

Ovi divni uzorci. I onda ova poslednja:

And then this last one,

one of my favorites, this pinwheel design.

jedna od mojih omiljenih, ovaj dizajn vetrenjače.

Just absolutely amazing, every single dive.

Apsolutno neverovatno, svaki uron.

That's the unknown world, and today we've only explored

To je nepoznati svet. A danas smo istražili samo 3 posto

about 3 percent of what's out there in the ocean.

onoga što je u okeanu.

Already we've found the world's highest mountains,

Već smo našli najviše planine na svetu,

nadublje doline na svetu,

the world's deepest valleys,

underwater lakes, underwater waterfalls --

podvodna jezera, podvodne vodopade --

a lot of that we shared with you from the stage.

mnogo toga smo podelili sa vama sa bine.

And in a place where we thought no life at all,

I na mestu za koje smo mislili da nema nikakvog života,

we find more life, we think, and diversity and density

našli smo više života, mislimo i više različitosti i naseljenosti,

than the tropical rainforest,

nego u tropskoj šumi. Što nam govori

which tells us that we don't know much about this planet at all.

da uopšte ne znamo mnogo o ovoj planeti.

Postoji još 97 procenata i tih 97 posto je ili prazno ili jednostavno puno iznenađenja.

There's still 97 percent,

and either that 97 percent is empty or just full of surprises.

But I want to jump up to shallow water now

Želim da pređem na plitku vodu sada,

and look at some creatures that are positively amazing.

i da pogledamo neka stvorenja koju su zaista neverovatna.

Cephalopods -- head-foots.

Glavonošci - glava - stopalo. Kao klinac, uglavnom sam ih znao kao lignje.

As a kid I knew them as calamari, mostly.

(Laughter)

Ovo je hobotnica.

This is an octopus.

This is the work of Dr. Roger Hanlon at the Marine Biological Lab,

Ovo je rad Dr. Rodžera Hanlona iz Laboratorije za pomorsku biologiju.

I jednostavno je zadivljujuće kako glavonošci,

and it's just fascinating how cephalopods can,

with their incredible eyes, sense their surroundings,

svojim očima, neverovatnim očima, osećaju svoje okruženje,

look at light, look at patterns.

gledaju u svetlo, gledaju u teksturu.

Here's an octopus moving across the reef,

Ovo je hobotnica koja prelazi preko grebena.

finds a spot to settle down, curls up and then disappears into the background.

Nalazi mesto gde će se smestiti, ukovrdža se na vrhu i zatim nestane u pozadini.

Tough thing to do.

Teška stvar za uraditi.

In the next bit, we're going to see a couple squid.

U sledećem segmentu, videćemo par lignji.

Now males, when they fight,

Ovo je lignja. Mužnjaci, kada se bore,

if they're really aggressive, they turn white.

ako su stvarno agresivni, postanu beli.

I ova dva mužjaka se bore.

And these two males are fighting.

They do it by bouncing their butts together,

Ono to rade tako što se sudaraju svojim zadnjicama,

što je zanimljiv koncept. Sada, evo ga mužjak sa leve strane

which is an interesting concept.

Now, here's a male on the left and a female on the right,

i ženka sa desne.

and the male has managed to split his coloration

Sada, mužjak je uspeo da podeli svoje boje,

so the female only always sees the kinder, gentler squid in him.

tako da ženka uvek i jedino vidi njegovu nežniju stranu lignje.

I mužjak - (smeh) Videćemo to ponovo.

(Laughter)

Let's take a look at it again. Watch the coloration:

Da vidimo ponovo. Pratite boje:

white on the right, brown on the left.

belo sa desne, smeđa sa leve.

He takes a step back,

Pomera se korak unazad, dakle drži podalje ostale mužjake

he's keeping off the other males by splitting his body,

deleći svoje telo i doalzi sa druge strane...

and comes up on the other side --

Bingo!

Bingo! Sad, rekli su mi da ovo

Now, I'm told that's not not just a squid phenomenon with males,

nije samo fenomen lignje kod mužjaka, ali ne znam.

but I don't know.

(aplauz)

(Laughter)

Cuttlefish. I love cuttlefish.

Sipa. Volim sipe. Ovo je divovska australijska sipa.

This is a Giant Australian Cuttlefish.

And there he is, his droopy little eyes up here.

I evo je. Njene viseće male oči.

Ali one mogu da urade prilično neverovatne stvari.

But they can do pretty amazing things, too.

Ovde ćemo videti jednu kako nestaje u pukotini i -

Here we're going to see one backing into a crevice,

and watch his tentacles --

gledajte njene pipke.

he just pulls them in, makes them look just like algae.

Jednostavno ih uvuče. Učini da izgledaju kao alge.

Disappears right into the background.

Nestaje u pozadini.

Positively amazing.

Stvarno neverovatno. Ovo se dva mužjaka bore.

Here's two males fighting.

Opet, dovoljno su pametni, ovi glavonošci -

Once again, they're smart enough, these cephalopods;

they know not to hurt each other.

da znaju da se međusobno ne povrede.

But look at the patterns that they can do with their skin.

Ali pogledajte kakvu teksturu mogu da naprave sa svojom kožom. OK?

That's an amazing thing.

Jednostavno sjajna stvar.

Ovo je hobotnica. Nekad ne žele da budu primećene dok se kreću,

Here's an octopus.

Sometimes they don't want to be seen when they move,

jer grabljivci mogu da ih vide.

because predators can see them.

Evo, ovaj momak može zapravo da načini da izgleda kao kamen,

This guy can make himself look like a rock,

i gledajući ovo okruženje,

and, looking at his environment,

može ustvari da klizi preko dna,

can actually slide across the bottom,

koristeći talase i senke kako ga ne bi videli.

using the waves and the shadows so he can't be seen.

Jednostvano se uklopi; njegovi pokreti se uklope u pozadinu.

His motion blends right into the background --

the moving rock trick.

Trik: pomerajući kamen. Dakle, saznajemo mnogo novog iz plitkih voda.

So, we're learning lots new from the shallow water.

Still exploring the deep, but learning lots from the shallow water.

Još uvek istražujemo duboku vodu,

ali učimo mnogo iz plitkih voda.

There's a good reason why:

Postoji dobar razlog zašto: plitke vode su

the shallow water's full of predators -- here's a barracuda --

prepune grabljivaca. Evo je barakuda.

and if you're an octopus or a cephalopod,

I ako ste hobotnica ili glavonožac

you need to really understand how to use your surroundings to hide.

stvarno razumete kako da iskoristite okolinu da se sakrijete.

U sledećoj sceni videćete lepo koralno dno.

In the next scene, you're going to see a nice coral bottom.

I vidite da bi se hobotnica izdvajala

And you see that an octopus would stand out

vrlo lako da ne može da se kamuflira,

very easily there if you couldn't use your camouflage,

da koristi svoju kožu da promeni boju i teksturu.

use your skin to change color and texture.

Evo nekih algi u prvom planu.

Here's some algae in the foreground --

and an octopus.

I hobotnica. Nije li to neverovatno? Sad, Rodžer ju je uplašio,

Ain't that amazing?

Now, Roger spooked him, so he took off in a cloud of ink,

pa je nestala u oblaku mastila. Kada se

and when he lands, the octopus says, "Oh, I've been seen.

prizemlji, hobotnica kaže, "Oh, videli su me.

The best thing to do is to get as big as I can get."

Najbolja stvar je da postanem što je moguće veća. "

That big brown makes his eyespot very big.

Ta smeđa boja čini njene oči veoma velikim.

So, he's bluffing. Let's do it backwards.

Blefira. Hajdemo unazad.

I thought he was joking when he first showed it to me.

Mislio sam da se šali kada mi je ovo pokazao.

I thought it was all graphics. So here it is in reverse.

Mislio sam da je grafika. Dakle, evo ga unazad.

Pratite boju kože i teksturu.

Watch the skin color; watch the skin texture.

Just an amazing animal, it can change color and texture

Jednostavno neverovatna životinja, može da promeni boju i teksturu

to match the surroundings.

da odgovara pozadini. Gledajte kako se utapa u ove alge.

Watch him blend right into this algae.

One, two, three.

Jedan. Dva. Tri.

(Applause)

I otišao je, a i ja sam. Mnogo vam hvala.

And now he's gone, and so am I. Thank you very much.

(Applause)