Underwater astonishments | David Gallo

Prevoditelj: Zrinka Gattin Recezent: Mislav Ante Omazić - EFZG

We're going to go on a dive to the deep sea,

Zaronit ćemo u duboko more.

and anyone that's had that lovely opportunity

I svatko tko je imao tu lijepu priliku zna

knows that for about two and half hours on the way down,

kako se na oko dva i pol sata na putu prema dolje,

it's a perfectly positively pitch-black world.

nalazi savršeno mračni svijet.

And we used to see the most mysterious animals out the window

I možemo vidjeti tako misteriozne životinje kroz prozor

that you couldn't describe:

da se to ne može opisati. Ove treperuća svijetla:

these blinking lights -- a world of bioluminescence, like fireflies.

svijet bioluminiscencije, poput krijesnica.

Dr. Edith Witter -- ona je sada u Research Conservation Association --

Dr. Edith Widder -- she's now at the Ocean Research and Conservation Association --

je uspjela napraviti kameru

was able to come up with a camera

koja je mogla uhvatiti neke od tih nevjerojatnih životinja,

that could capture some of these incredible animals,

i to je to što vidite ovdje na zaslonu.

and that's what you're seeing here on the screen.

That's all bioluminescence. Like I said: just like fireflies.

To je sve bioluminiscencija. Dakle, kao što sam rekao: baš poput krijesnica.

Ovo je leteća purica, pod stablom. (Smijeh)

There's a flying turkey under a tree.

(Laughter)

Znam. Ja sam geolog po struci. No ja ovo volim.

I'm a geologist by training.

But I love that.

And you see, some of the bioluminescence they use to avoid being eaten,

Možete vidjeti da neki tu bioluminiscenciju

koriste kako bi izbjegli da budu pojedeni,

some they use to attract prey,

dok ju neki koriste za privlačenje plijena.

but all of it, from an artistic point of view,

No sve to je, s umjetničke točke gledišta, stvarno nevjerojatno.

is just positively amazing.

And a lot of what goes on inside --

I puno onoga što se zbiva unutra --

There's a fish with glowing eyes, pulsating eyes.

ovdje je riba sa svjetlećim očima, pulsirajućim očima.

Some of the colors are designed to hypnotize,

Neke od boja su dizajnirane kako bi hipnotizirale.

these lovely patterns.

Ti krasni uzorci. I onda ovo posljednje:

And then this last one,

one of my favorites, this pinwheel design.

jedan od mojih favorita, dizajn vjetrenjače.

Just absolutely amazing, every single dive.

Apsolutno nevjerojatno, svaki uron.

That's the unknown world, and today we've only explored

To je nepoznati svijet. A do danas smo istražili samo 3%

about 3 percent of what's out there in the ocean.

onoga što je u oceanima.

Already we've found the world's highest mountains,

Već smo pronašli najviše planine na svijetu,

najdublje doline svijeta,

the world's deepest valleys,

underwater lakes, underwater waterfalls --

podvodna jezera, podvodne slapove --

a lot of that we shared with you from the stage.

puno toga smo već s vama podijelili s pozornice.

And in a place where we thought no life at all,

A na mjestu gdje smo mislili da uopće nema života,

we find more life, we think, and diversity and density

pronašli smo više života, mislimo, i raznolikosti i gustoće,

than the tropical rainforest,

nego u tropskim prašumama. Što nam govori kako

which tells us that we don't know much about this planet at all.

mi uopće ne znamo mnogo o ovom planetu.

Tu je još 97%, a tih 97% je ili prazno ili prepuno iznenađenja.

There's still 97 percent,

and either that 97 percent is empty or just full of surprises.

But I want to jump up to shallow water now

No sada želim skočit i do plitke vode,

and look at some creatures that are positively amazing.

i pogledati neka stvorenja koja su doista nevjerojatna.

Cephalopods -- head-foots.

Cephalopodi -- glavonošci. Kao dijete sam ih poznavao uglavnom kao lignje.

As a kid I knew them as calamari, mostly.

(Laughter)

Ovo je hobotnica.

This is an octopus.

This is the work of Dr. Roger Hanlon at the Marine Biological Lab,

Ovo je djelo Dr. Rogera Hanlona iz laboratorija za biologiju mora..

Potpuno je fascinantno kako glavonošci,

and it's just fascinating how cephalopods can,

with their incredible eyes, sense their surroundings,

sa svojim očima, nevjerojatnim očima, opažaju svoje okruženje,

look at light, look at patterns.

pogledajte to svjetlo, pogledajte te uzorke.

Here's an octopus moving across the reef,

Ovdje je hobotnica koja se kreće preko grebena.

finds a spot to settle down, curls up and then disappears into the background.

Nalazi mjesto da se smiri, sklupča se i zatim nestaje u pozadini.

Tough thing to do.

Teška stvar za učiniti.

In the next bit, we're going to see a couple squid.

U sljedećem isječku, vidjet ćemo par lignji.

Now males, when they fight,

Ovo je lignja. Mužjaci, kada se bore,

if they're really aggressive, they turn white.

ako su stvarno agresivni, postaju bijeli.

A ova dva mužjaka se bore.

And these two males are fighting.

They do it by bouncing their butts together,

Čine to međusobnim udaranjem svojih zadaka,

što je zanimljiv koncept. Ovo je mužjak na lijevoj strani

which is an interesting concept.

Now, here's a male on the left and a female on the right,

a ženka na desnoj strani.

and the male has managed to split his coloration

Mužjak je uspio podijeliti svoju obojanost,

so the female only always sees the kinder, gentler squid in him.

tako da ženka uvijek vidi samo njegovu nježniju, dobroćudnu stranu.

A mužjak - (smijeh). Vidjet ćemo to ponovo.

(Laughter)

Let's take a look at it again. Watch the coloration:

Pogledajmo ponovo. Pratite obojanost:

white on the right, brown on the left.

bijela na desnoj, smeđa na lijevoj strani.

He takes a step back,

On uzima korak natrag, tako da odvrati ostale mužjake

he's keeping off the other males by splitting his body,

podjelom svog tijela i dolazi s druge strane...

and comes up on the other side --

Bingo!

Bingo! Rečeno mi je da ovo

Now, I'm told that's not not just a squid phenomenon with males,

nije samo fenomen kod mužjaka lignji, no što ja znam.

but I don't know.

(Pljesak)

(Laughter)

Cuttlefish. I love cuttlefish.

Sipa. Volim sipu. Ovo je divovska australska sipa.

This is a Giant Australian Cuttlefish.

And there he is, his droopy little eyes up here.

I ovdje je. Njezine male ispupčene oći ovdje gore.

No one mogu činiti prilično nevjerojatne stvari.

But they can do pretty amazing things, too.

Ovdje ćemo vidjeti kako jedna uzmiće u procjep, i --

Here we're going to see one backing into a crevice,

and watch his tentacles --

gledajte njezine krakove.

he just pulls them in, makes them look just like algae.

Ona ih samo uvuče. I izgleda kao alga.

Disappears right into the background.

Potpuno nestaje u pozadini.

Positively amazing.

Stvarno nevjerojatno. Ovdje se bore dva mužjaka.

Here's two males fighting.

Još jednom, oni su dovoljno pametni, ti glavonošci --

Once again, they're smart enough, these cephalopods;

they know not to hurt each other.

oni znaju kako ne povrijediti jedni druge.

But look at the patterns that they can do with their skin.

No pogledajte te uzorke što mogu učiniti od svoje kože. OK?

That's an amazing thing.

Stvarno zapanjujuća stvar.

Evo hobotnice. Ponekad ne žele biti vidljive kada su u pokretu,

Here's an octopus.

Sometimes they don't want to be seen when they move,

jer bi ih predatori mogli vidjeti.

because predators can see them.

Evo, ova se zapravo može preobraziti u stijenu

This guy can make himself look like a rock,

i gledajući svoju okolinu,

and, looking at his environment,

može zapravo kliziti po dnu,

can actually slide across the bottom,

koristeći valove i sjene da ne bude viđena.

using the waves and the shadows so he can't be seen.

Ona se samo uklopi u okolinu; njezini pokreti se stope s pozadinom.

His motion blends right into the background --

the moving rock trick.

Trik pokretnog kamena. Učimo mnogo toga novog iz plitkih voda.

So, we're learning lots new from the shallow water.

Still exploring the deep, but learning lots from the shallow water.

Još uvijek istražujemo duboku vodu,

no učimo mnogo novog i iz plitkih voda.

There's a good reason why:

Postoji dobar razlog zašto: plićaci su

the shallow water's full of predators -- here's a barracuda --

ispunjeni predatorima. Evo barakude.

and if you're an octopus or a cephalopod,

I ako ste hobotnica ili glavonožac

you need to really understand how to use your surroundings to hide.

stvarno razumijete kako iskoristiti okruženje za skrivanje.

U sljedećoj sceni vidjeti ćete lijepo koraljno dno.

In the next scene, you're going to see a nice coral bottom.

Primjećujete da bi se hobotnica ovdje isticala

And you see that an octopus would stand out

vrlo lako, ako se ne bi mogla kamuflirati,

very easily there if you couldn't use your camouflage,

koristiti svoju kožu u promjeni boje i teksture.

use your skin to change color and texture.

Evo nekih algi u prvom planu.

Here's some algae in the foreground --

and an octopus.

I hobotnice. Nije li to zapanjujuće? Sada, Roger ju je prestrašio,

Ain't that amazing?

Now, Roger spooked him, so he took off in a cloud of ink,

pa je nestala u oblaku tinte. Kada se

and when he lands, the octopus says, "Oh, I've been seen.

zaustavi, hobotnica kaže, "Oh, bila sam viđena.

The best thing to do is to get as big as I can get."

Najbolja stvar koju mogu učiniti je da postanem što mogu veća."

That big brown makes his eyespot very big.

Ta velika smeđa površina čini njezino oko vrlo velikim.

So, he's bluffing. Let's do it backwards.

Ona blefira. Promatrajmo to unazad.

I thought he was joking when he first showed it to me.

Mislio sam da se šali kada mi je to pokazao.

I thought it was all graphics. So here it is in reverse.

Mislio sam da je to sve grafika. Dakle, ovo je u unazad.

Pratite boju kože, gledajte teksturu kože.

Watch the skin color; watch the skin texture.

Just an amazing animal, it can change color and texture

Jednostavno čudesna životinja, može mijenjati boju i teksturu

to match the surroundings.

kako bi se stopila sa okruženjem. Pogledajte kako se stapa sa tim algama.

Watch him blend right into this algae.

One, two, three.

Jedan. Dva. Tri.

(Applause)

I sada je otišla, a i ja ću također. Puno vam hvala.

And now he's gone, and so am I. Thank you very much.

(Applause)