Inside the Mind of a Master Procrastinator | Tim Urban | TED

Prevodilac: Milenka Okuka Lektor: Mile Živković

So in college,

Dakle, na fakultetu,

I was a government major,

studirao sam političke nauke,

which means I had to write a lot of papers.

što znači da sam morao da napišem mnogo seminarskih.

Now, when a normal student writes a paper,

Sad, kad normalan student piše seminarski,

they might spread the work out a little like this.

mogao bi da započne s radom malčice nalik ovome.

So, you know --

Znate -

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

you get started maybe a little slowly,

započinjete možda nešto sporije,

but you get enough done in the first week

no završite dovoljno posla u prvoj nedelji

that, with some heavier days later on,

pa, kad krenu teži dani kasnije,

everything gets done, things stay civil.

sve se završi, sve ostaje uljudno.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

And I would want to do that like that.

I ja bih želeo tako da radim.

That would be the plan.

To bi bio plan.

I would have it all ready to go,

Sve bih pripremio,

but then, actually, the paper would come along,

ali onda, zapravo, došao bi red na seminarski

and then I would kind of do this.

i ja bih radio nešto slično ovome.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

And that would happen every single paper.

To bi se desilo prilikom pisanja svakog rada.

But then came my 90-page senior thesis,

Ali onda je došao na red diplomski rad od 90 stranica,

a paper you're supposed to spend a year on.

rad na kome bi trebalo da radite godinu dana.

And I knew for a paper like that, my normal work flow was not an option.

I znao sam da za takav rad, moj normalan ritam rada ne dolazi u obzir.

It was way too big a project.

Bio je to preveliki projekat.

So I planned things out,

Pa sam isplanirao sve,

and I decided I kind of had to go something like this.

i odlučio sam da ću morati da radim na sledeći način.

This is how the year would go.

Ovako bi se godina odvijala.

So I'd start off light,

Krenuo bih lagano,

and I'd bump it up in the middle months,

a onda bih zapeo jače tokom središnjih meseci,

and then at the end, I would kick it up into high gear

a onda bih na kraju prebacio u najvišu brzinu,

just like a little staircase.

baš poput malenih stepenica.

How hard could it be to walk up the stairs?

Koliko je teško peti se po stepenicama?

No big deal, right?

Ništa strašno, je l' da?

But then, the funniest thing happened.

Ali onda se nešto smešno desilo.

Those first few months?

Ti prvi meseci?

They came and went,

Došli su i prošli,

and I couldn't quite do stuff.

i ja nekako nisam mogao da radim.

So we had an awesome new revised plan.

Pa smo dobili sjajan nov prerađen plan.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

And then --

A onda -

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

But then those middle months actually went by,

Međutim, onda su i ti središnji meseci prošli,

and I didn't really write words,

a ja nisam zapravo ni reči napisao,

and so we were here.

pa smo stigli dovde.

And then two months turned into one month,

A onda su se dva meseca pretvorila u jedan mesec,

which turned into two weeks.

koji se pretvorio u dve nedelje.

And one day I woke up

I jednog dana sam se probudio

with three days until the deadline,

s tri dana do krajnjeg roka,

still not having written a word,

a još nisam ni reči bio napisao,

and so I did the only thing I could:

pa sam uradio jedino što sam mogao:

I wrote 90 pages over 72 hours,

napisao sam 90 strana za 72 sata,

pulling not one but two all-nighters --

provodeći ne jednu, već dve besane noći -

humans are not supposed to pull two all-nighters --

ljudi ne bi trebalo da provode dve besane noći.

sprinted across campus,

Jurio sam kroz kampus,

dove in slow motion,

uskočio kao na usporenom snimku

and got it in just at the deadline.

i stigao tačno pre roka.

I thought that was the end of everything.

Mislio sam da se time sve završava.

But a week later I get a call,

No nedelju kasnije su me pozvali

and it's the school.

sa fakulteta.

And they say, "Is this Tim Urban?"

I pitali: "Da li je to Tim Urban?"

And I say, "Yeah."

A ja sam rekao: "Da."

And they say, "We need to talk about your thesis."

Rekli su: "Moramo razgovarati o vašem diplomskom."

And I say, "OK."

Rekao sam: "U redu."

And they say,

A oni su rekli:

"It's the best one we've ever seen."

"To je najbolji rad koji smo ikad videli."

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

That did not happen.

To se nije desilo.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

It was a very, very bad thesis.

Bio je to veoma, veoma loš diplomski.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

I just wanted to enjoy that one moment when all of you thought,

Samo sam hteo da uživam u tom trenu u kom ste svi vi mislili:

"This guy is amazing!"

"Ovaj lik je neverovatan!"

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

No, no, it was very, very bad.

Ne, ne, bio je veoma, veoma loš.

Anyway, today I'm a writer-blogger guy.

U svakom slučaju, ja sam sad pisac blogova.

I write the blog Wait But Why.

Pišem blog Wait But Why.

And a couple of years ago, I decided to write about procrastination.

I pre nekoliko godina sam odlučio da pišem o odugovlačenju.

My behavior has always perplexed the non-procrastinators around me,

Moje ponašanje je oduvek zbunjivalo neotezala oko mene

and I wanted to explain to the non-procrastinators of the world

i želeo sam da objasnim neotezalima u svetu

what goes on in the heads of procrastinators,

šta se dešava u glavama otezala

and why we are the way we are.

i zašto smo to što jesmo.

Now, I had a hypothesis

Sad, pretpostavljao sam

that the brains of procrastinators were actually different

da su mozgovi otezala zapravo drugačiji

than the brains of other people.

od mozgova drugih ljudi.

And to test this, I found an MRI lab

Da bih ovo testirao, pronašao sam MRI laboratoriju

that actually let me scan both my brain

koja mi je zapravo dopustila da skeniram moj mozak

and the brain of a proven non-procrastinator,

i mozak dokazanog neotezala,

so I could compare them.

kako bih mogao da ih uporedim.

I actually brought them here to show you today.

Zapravo sam ih doneo da bih vam danas pokazao.

I want you to take a look carefully to see if you can notice a difference.

Želim da pažljivo pogledate i vidite možete li da zapazite razliku.

I know that if you're not a trained brain expert,

Znam da ako niste obučeni stručnjak za mozak,

it's not that obvious, but just take a look, OK?

nije toliko očigledno, no samo pogledajte, važi?

So here's the brain of a non-procrastinator.

Dakle, ovo je mozak neotezala.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Now ...

Sad...

here's my brain.

ovo je moj mozak.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

There is a difference.

Postoji razlika.

Both brains have a Rational Decision-Maker in them,

Oba mozga imaju Racionalnog Donosioca Odluka,

but the procrastinator's brain

ali mozak otezala

also has an Instant Gratification Monkey.

takođe ima Majmuna Trenutnog Zadovoljenja.

Now, what does this mean for the procrastinator?

Sad, šta to znači za otezalo?

Well, it means everything's fine until this happens.

Znači da je sve u redu, dok se ovo desi.

[This is a perfect time to get some work done.] [Nope!]

[Ovo je savršen trenutak da se nešto uradi.] [Nikako!]

So the Rational Decision-Maker will make the rational decision

Pa će Racionalni Donosilac Odluka da racionalno odluči

to do something productive,

da uradi nešto produktivno,

but the Monkey doesn't like that plan,

ali Majmunu se ne sviđa taj plan,

so he actually takes the wheel,

pa on zapravo preuzima kormilo

and he says, "Actually, let's read the entire Wikipedia page

i kaže: "Zapravo, pročitajmo čitavu stranicu Vikipedije

of the Nancy Kerrigan/ Tonya Harding scandal,

o skandalu sa Nensi Kerigan i Tonjom Harding

because I just remembered that that happened.

jer sam se upravo setio da se to desilo."

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Then --

Onda -

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Then we're going to go over to the fridge,

onda ćemo da pođemo do frižidera

to see if there's anything new in there since 10 minutes ago.

da vidimo ima li šta novo u njemu od proteklih 10 minuta.

After that, we're going to go on a YouTube spiral

Posle toga se bacamo na Jutjub spiralu,

that starts with videos of Richard Feynman talking about magnets

koja počinje snimcima Ričarda Fejnmana koji priča o magnetima,

and ends much, much later with us watching interviews

a završava se mnogo, mnogo kasnije gledanjem intervjua

with Justin Bieber's mom.

s majkom Džastina Bibera.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

"All of that's going to take a while,

"Sve će to da potraje neko vreme,

so we're not going to really have room on the schedule for any work today.

pa nećemo zaista da imamo mesta u rasporedu za bilo kakav rad danas.

Sorry!"

Izvini!"

(Sigh)

(Uzdah)

Now, what is going on here?

Sad, šta se ovde dešava?

The Instant Gratification Monkey does not seem like a guy

Majmun Trenutnog Zadovoljenja se ne čini kao momak

you want behind the wheel.

kog želite za kormilom.

He lives entirely in the present moment.

On u potpunosti živi u sadašnjem trenutku.

He has no memory of the past, no knowledge of the future,

Nema sećanja na prošlost, nema poimanje o budućnosti

and he only cares about two things:

i jedino mari za dve stvari:

easy and fun.

lakoću i zabavu.

Now, in the animal world, that works fine.

Sad, u životinjskom svetu to sasvim dobro funkcioniše.

If you're a dog

Ako ste pas

and you spend your whole life doing nothing other than easy and fun things,

i provedete čitav život ne radeći bilo šta osim lakih i zabavnih stvari,

you're a huge success!

vi ste šampion!

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

And to the Monkey,

A za Majmuna,

humans are just another animal species.

ljudi su samo još jedna životinjska vrsta.

You have to keep well-slept, well-fed and propagating into the next generation,

Morate da budete naspavani, nahranjeni i da podarite novu generaciju,

which in tribal times might have worked OK.

što je u plemensko vreme možda bilo sasvim u redu.

But, if you haven't noticed, now we're not in tribal times.

No, ako ste primetili, trenutno ne živimo u plemenima.

We're in an advanced civilization, and the Monkey does not know what that is.

U naprednoj smo civilizaciji, a majmun pojma nema šta je to.

Which is why we have another guy in our brain,

Zbog toga imamo još jednog momka u mozgu,

the Rational Decision-Maker,

Racionalnog Donosioca Odluka,

who gives us the ability to do things no other animal can do.

koji nam omogućuje da radimo nešto što druge životinje ne mogu.

We can visualize the future.

Možemo da zamislimo budućnost.

We can see the big picture.

Možemo da vidimo širu sliku.

We can make long-term plans.

Možemo dugoročno da planiramo.

And he wants to take all of that into account.

I on želi sve to da uzme u obzir.

And he wants to just have us do

Želi prosto da nas natera da radimo,

whatever makes sense to be doing right now.

šta god ima smisla da trenutno radimo.

Now, sometimes it makes sense

Sad, ponekad je smisleno

to be doing things that are easy and fun,

raditi stvari koje su lake i zabavne,

like when you're having dinner or going to bed

kao kad večerate ili idete u krevet

or enjoying well-earned leisure time.

ili kad uživate u zasluženoj dokolici.

That's why there's an overlap.

Zato dolazi do preklapanja.

Sometimes they agree.

Ponekad se slažu.

But other times, it makes much more sense

No ponekad više ima smisla

to be doing things that are harder and less pleasant,

raditi stvari koje su teže i manje prijatne,

for the sake of the big picture.

zarad šire slike.

And that's when we have a conflict.

I tad nastaje konflikt.

And for the procrastinator,

A za otezalo,

that conflict tends to end a certain way every time,

taj konflikt se završava svaki put na određen način,

leaving him spending a lot of time in this orange zone,

ostavljajući ga da provodi mnogo vremena u ovoj narandžastoj zoni,

an easy and fun place that's entirely out of the Makes Sense circle.

lagodnom i zabavnom mestu koje je potpuno van Kruga Smisla.

I call it the Dark Playground.

Zovem to Mračnim igralištem.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Now, the Dark Playground is a place

Sad, Mračno igralište je mesto

that all of you procrastinators out there know very well.

koje svi vi prisutna otezala znate veoma dobro.

It's where leisure activities happen

Tu se dokoliči

at times when leisure activities are not supposed to be happening.

u vreme kad ne biste trebali da dokoličite.

The fun you have in the Dark Playground

Zabava koju imate na Mračnom igralištu

isn't actually fun, because it's completely unearned,

nije zaista zabavna jer je u potpunosti nezaslužena

and the air is filled with guilt, dread, anxiety, self-hatred --

i u vazduhu se oseća krivica, užas, nespokoj, samoprezir -

all of those good procrastinator feelings.

sva ta divna osećanja koja otezala imaju.

And the question is, in this situation, with the Monkey behind the wheel,

A pitanje, u ovom slučaju, je: s Majmunom za kormilom,

how does the procrastinator ever get himself over here to this blue zone,

kako otezalo ikad stigne do ove plave zone,

a less pleasant place, but where really important things happen?

manje prijatnog mesta, ali mesta gde se važne stvari dešavaju?

Well, turns out the procrastinator has a guardian angel,

Pa, izgleda da otezalo ima anđela čuvara,

someone who's always looking down on him and watching over him

nekoga ko ga uvek nadgleda i pazi na njega

in his darkest moments --

u najmračnijim trenucima -

someone called the Panic Monster.

nekoga po imenu Panično Čudovište.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Now, the Panic Monster is dormant most of the time,

Sad, Panično Čudovište je uspavano većinu vremena,

but he suddenly wakes up anytime a deadline gets too close

ali se naglo probudi svaki put kad se krajnji rok primakne

or there's danger of public embarrassment,

ili kad postoji opasnost od javnog sramoćenja,

a career disaster or some other scary consequence.

poslovne katastrofe ili neke druge zastrašujuće posledice.

And importantly, he's the only thing the Monkey is terrified of.

A najvažnije je da se Majmun jedino njega plaši.

Now, he became very relevant in my life pretty recently,

Sad, on je nedavno postao prilično važan u mom životu

because the people of TED reached out to me about six months ago

jer su mi ljudi sa TED-a prišli pre šest meseci

and invited me to do a TED Talk.

i pozvali me da održim TED govor.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Now, of course, I said yes.

Sad, naravno da sam pristao.

It's always been a dream of mine to have done a TED Talk in the past.

Oduvek mi je bio san da sam održao TED govor u prošlosti.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

But in the middle of all this excitement,

Međutim u sred ovog uzbuđenja,

the Rational Decision-Maker seemed to have something else on his mind.

Racionalni Donosilac Odluka je imao nešto drugo na pameti.

He was saying, "Are we clear on what we just accepted?

Pitao je: "Je li nam jasno na šta smo upravo pristali?

Do we get what's going to be now happening one day in the future?

Razumemo li šta će da se desi jednog dana u budućnosti?

We need to sit down and work on this right now."

Moramo da sednemo i da odmah radimo na ovome."

And the Monkey said, "Totally agree, but let's just open Google Earth

A Majmun je rekao: "Potpuno se slažem, ali hajde da otvorimo Gugl Zemlju

and zoom in to the bottom of India, like 200 feet above the ground,

i zumirajmo donji deo Indije, nekih 60-ak metara iznad zemlje

and scroll up for two and a half hours til we get to the top of the country,

i pomerajmo se ka gore nekih dva i po sata dok stignemo do vrha države,

so we can get a better feel for India."

kako bismo stekli bolji utisak o Indiji."

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

So that's what we did that day.

Pa smo to i radili tog dana.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

As six months turned into four and then two and then one,

Kako je šest meseci prešlo u četiri, a onda u dva i u jedan,

the people of TED decided to release the speakers.

ljudi sa TED-a su odlučili da objave spisak govornika.

And I opened up the website, and there was my face

Ja sam otvorio vebsajt i tu je bio moj lik

staring right back at me.

kako zuri u mene.

And guess who woke up?

I pogodite ko se probudio?

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

So the Panic Monster starts losing his mind,

Pa je Panično Čudovište počelo da gubi razum

and a few seconds later, the whole system's in mayhem.

i nekoliko sekundi kasnije čitav sistem je u haosu.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

And the Monkey -- remember, he's terrified of the Panic Monster --

A Majmun - sećate se, on se plaši Paničnog Čudovišta -

boom, he's up the tree!

hop, odvera se uz drvo!

And finally,

I konačno,

finally, the Rational Decision-Maker can take the wheel

konačno, Racionalni Donosilac Odluka može preuzeti kormilo

and I can start working on the talk.

i ja mogu početi da radim na govoru.

Now, the Panic Monster explains

Sad, Panično Čudovište objašnjava

all kinds of pretty insane procrastinator behavior,

sve vidove otezalovog krajnje nenormalnog ponašanja,

like how someone like me could spend two weeks

kao kako neko kao ja može da provede dve nedelje

unable to start the opening sentence of a paper,

u nemogućnosti da započne uvodnu rečenicu rada,

and then miraculously find the unbelievable work ethic

a onda nekim čudom otkrije neverovatnu radnu etiku

to stay up all night and write eight pages.

da ostane budan celu noć i napiše osam stranica.

And this entire situation, with the three characters --

A čitava ova situacija sa ova tri lika -

this is the procrastinator's system.

to je otezalov sistem.

It's not pretty, but in the end, it works.

Nije lepo, ali naposletku funkcioniše.

This is what I decided to write about on the blog a couple of years ago.

O ovome sam odlučio da pišem pre nekoliko godina na svom blogu.

When I did, I was amazed by the response.

Kad sam završio, reakcije su me oduševile.

Literally thousands of emails came in,

Bukvalno sam primio na hiljade imejlova

from all different kinds of people from all over the world,

od raznih ljudi iz čitavog sveta,

doing all different kinds of things.

koji se bave raznim stvarima.

These are people who were nurses, bankers, painters, engineers

Bilo je tu medicinskih sestara, bankara, slikara, inženjera

and lots and lots of PhD students.

i mnogo, mnogo doktoranada.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

And they were all writing, saying the same thing:

I svi su mi pisali, govoreći jedno te isto:

"I have this problem too."

"I ja imam ovaj problem."

But what struck me was the contrast between the light tone of the post

No zatekao me je kontrast između svetlog tona mog članka

and the heaviness of these emails.

i natmurenosti ovih imejlova.

These people were writing with intense frustration

Ovi ljudi su pisali vidno isfrustrirani

about what procrastination had done to their lives,

zbog toga šta im je odugovlačenje napravilo od života,

about what this Monkey had done to them.

zbog toga šta im je ovaj Majmun uradio.

And I thought about this, and I said,

I ja sam razmislio o ovome i rekao:

well, if the procrastinator's system works, then what's going on?

dobro, ako otezalov sistem funkcioniše, onda o čemu se radi?

Why are all of these people in such a dark place?

Zašto su svi ovi ljudi tako neraspoloženi?

Well, it turns out that there's two kinds of procrastination.

Pa, izgleda da postoje dva tipa odugovlačenja.

Everything I've talked about today, the examples I've given,

Sve o čemu sam danas govorio, svi navedeni primeri,

they all have deadlines.

svi su imali rokove.

And when there's deadlines,

A kad postoje rokovi,

the effects of procrastination are contained to the short term

efekti odugovlačenja su obuzdani kratkoročnošću

because the Panic Monster gets involved.

jer se umeša Panično Čudovište.

But there's a second kind of procrastination

Ali postoji drugi vid odugovlačenja

that happens in situations when there is no deadline.

koji se dešava u situacijama koje nemaju rokove.

So if you wanted a career where you're a self-starter --

Pa, ako želite karijeru gde ste samozaposleni -

something in the arts, something entrepreneurial --

nešto iz umetnosti, neki vid preduzetništva -

there's no deadlines on those things at first, because nothing's happening,

ne postoje rokovi za te stvari u početku jer se ništa ne dešava,

not until you've gone out and done the hard work

sve dok ne izađete i vredno radite

to get momentum, get things going.

da biste dobili zalet, pokrenuli stvari.

There's also all kinds of important things outside of your career

Tu su i razne druge važne stvari mimo vaših karijera

that don't involve any deadlines,

koje ne uključuju rokove,

like seeing your family or exercising and taking care of your health,

poput posećivanja porodice ili vežbanja ili brige o zdravlju,

working on your relationship

rada na vašoj ljubavnoj vezi

or getting out of a relationship that isn't working.

ili izlaska iz ljubavne veze koja ne funkcioniše.

Now if the procrastinator's only mechanism of doing these hard things

Sad, ako je jedini mehanizam otezala da odradi teške stvari

is the Panic Monster, that's a problem,

Panično Čudovište, onda je to problem

because in all of these non-deadline situations,

jer se tokom svih ovih situacija bez rokova

the Panic Monster doesn't show up.

Panično Čudovište ne pojavljuje.

He has nothing to wake up for,

Nema razloga za buđenje,

so the effects of procrastination, they're not contained;

pa efekti odugovlačenja nisu obuzdani;

they just extend outward forever.

prosto se razvlače u beskonačnost.

And it's this long-term kind of procrastination

A o ovom dugoročnom vidu odugovlačenja

that's much less visible and much less talked about

koje je daleko manje vidljivo i manje se o njemu priča

than the funnier, short-term deadline-based kind.

nego o zabavnijem, kratkoročnom, zasnovanom na rokovima.

It's usually suffered quietly and privately.

Obično patimo od njega tiho i u samoći.

And it can be the source

I može da bude uzrok

of a huge amount of long-term unhappiness, and regrets.

velike količine dugoročnog jada i kajanja.

And I thought, that's why those people are emailing,

I pomislio sam kako je to razlog zašto mi ti ljudi pišu

and that's why they're in such a bad place.

i zato su u tako lošem stanju.

It's not that they're cramming for some project.

Ne jadikuju oni zbog nekog projekta.

It's that long-term procrastination has made them feel like a spectator,

Već su se zbog dugoročnog odugovlačenja ponekad osećali kao posmatrači

at times, in their own lives.

sopstvenog života.

The frustration is not that they couldn't achieve their dreams;

Nisu bili razočarani jer nisu mogli da ostvare snove;

it's that they weren't even able to start chasing them.

već čak nisu bili u stanju da počnu da ih jure.

So I read these emails and I had a little bit of an epiphany --

Pa sam iščitavao ove imejlove i imao sam maleno otkrovenje -

that I don't think non-procrastinators exist.

došao sam do zaključka da ne postoje neotezala.

That's right -- I think all of you are procrastinators.

Tako je - mislim da ste svi vi otezala.

Now, you might not all be a mess,

Sad, možda svi niste nered,

like some of us,

poput nekih od nas,

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

and some of you may have a healthy relationship with deadlines,

a neki od vas možda imate zdrave odnose s rokovima,

but remember: the Monkey's sneakiest trick

ali upamtite: najprepredeniji Majmunov trik

is when the deadlines aren't there.

je kad nema rokova.

Now, I want to show you one last thing.

Sad želim da vam pokažem poslednju stvar.

I call this a Life Calendar.

Ovo zovem Životnim kalendarom.

That's one box for every week of a 90-year life.

Imamo jedno polje za svaku nedelju 90-ogodišnjeg života.

That's not that many boxes,

Nema previše polja,

especially since we've already used a bunch of those.

naročito jer smo ih već gomilu iskoristili.

So I think we need to all take a long, hard look at that calendar.

Mislim da bi svi trebalo da se pažljivo zagledamo u taj kalendar.

We need to think about what we're really procrastinating on,

Trebalo bi da razmislimo šta zaista odugovlačimo

because everyone is procrastinating on something in life.

jer svako odugovlači nešto u životu.

We need to stay aware of the Instant Gratification Monkey.

Moramo da budemo svesni Majmuna Trenutnog Zadovoljenja.

That's a job for all of us.

To je posao za sve nas.

And because there's not that many boxes on there,

I kako tu nema previše polja,

it's a job that should probably start today.

to je posao koji bi verovatno trebalo započeti danas.

Well, maybe not today, but ...

Pa, možda ne danas, ali...

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

You know.

Znate.

Sometime soon.

Nekad uskoro.

Thank you.

Hvala vam.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)