The power of introverts | Susan Cain | TED

Translator: Klavdija Cernilogar Reviewer: Miha Helbl

When I was nine years old,

Ko sem bila stara devet let,

I went off to summer camp for the first time.

sem prvič šla na poletni tabor.

And my mother packed me a suitcase full of books,

Mama mi je pripravila poln kovček

knjig,

which to me seemed like a perfectly natural thing to do.

kar se je meni zdelo povsem normalno.

Because in my family, reading was the primary group activity.

Kajti v moji družini

je bilo branje glavna skupinska dejavnost.

And this might sound antisocial to you,

To se vam morda zdi nedružabno,

but for us it was really just a different way of being social.

ampak za nas je bilo res samo drugačna oblika družabnosti.

You have the animal warmth of your family sitting right next to you,

Hkrati smo ob sebi imeli živalsko toplino družine,

ki je sedela v bližini,

but you are also free to go roaming around the adventureland

bili pa smo tudi svobodni pri svojem raziskovanju dežele avantur

v lastni glavi.

inside your own mind.

And I had this idea

Zdelo se mi je,

that camp was going to be just like this, but better.

da bo tabor ravno tak, samo še boljši.

(Laughter)

(smeh)

I had a vision of 10 girls sitting in a cabin

Predstavljala sem si deset deklet, ki sedijo v koči,

cozily reading books in their matching nightgowns.

oblečena v ujemajoče spalne srajce, in berejo.

(Laughter)

(smeh)

Camp was more like a keg party without any alcohol.

Tabor je bolj spominjal na pijančevanje brez alkohola.

And on the very first day,

Prvi dan

our counselor gathered us all together

nas je voditeljica zbrala skupaj

and she taught us a cheer that she said we would be doing

in nas naučila vzklik, ki naj bi ga po njenem ponavljali

every day for the rest of the summer to instill camp spirit.

vsak dan do konca poletja,

da bi vzpostavili tabornega duha.

And it went like this:

Šel pa je takole:

"R-O-W-D-I-E,

"R-A-Z-G-R-A-J-A-V-K-E

that's the way we spell rowdie.

tako se piše razgrajavke.

Rowdie, rowdie, let's get rowdie."

Razgra, razgra, razgrajavke!

(Laughter)

Yeah.

Ja pa ja.

So I couldn't figure out for the life of me

Pri najboljši volji nisem mogla razumeti,

why we were supposed to be so rowdy,

zakaj naj bi bile razgrajalke

or why we had to spell this word incorrectly.

in zakaj naj bi to morale celo narobe črkovati.

(Laughter)

(smeh)

But I recited a cheer. I recited a cheer along with everybody else.

Ampak vzklikala sem. Skupaj z vsemi drugimi.

I did my best.

Trudila sem se po najboljših močeh.

And I just waited for the time that I could go off and read my books.

In samo čakala sem na čas,

ko bi lahko šla brat svoje knjige.

But the first time that I took my book out of my suitcase,

Prvič, ko sem iz kovčka vzela knjigo,

je k meni prišla najbolj kul punca

the coolest girl in the bunk came up to me

in me vprašala: "Zakaj si tako mehkužna?"

and she asked me, "Why are you being so mellow?" --

Pri tem je bila mehkužnost čisto nasprotje

mellow, of course, being the exact opposite

R-A-Z-G-R-A-J-A-V-K-E.

of R-O-W-D-I-E.

In ko sem poskusila drugič,

And then the second time I tried it,

je voditeljica prišla vsa zaskrbljena

the counselor came up to me with a concerned expression on her face

ter ponovila stališče o tabornem duhu

and she repeated the point about camp spirit

in poudarila, da se moramo vsi zelo truditi,

and said we should all work very hard to be outgoing.

da bi bili družabni.

And so I put my books away,

Odložila sem knjige,

back in their suitcase,

dala sem jih nazaj v kovček

and I put them under my bed,

in pod posteljo,

and there they stayed for the rest of the summer.

kjer so ostale do konca poletja.

And I felt kind of guilty about this.

Počutila sem se nekako krivo,

I felt as if the books needed me somehow,

zdelo se mi je, da me knjige potrebujejo,

and they were calling out to me and I was forsaking them.

da me kličejo, jaz pa se jim odrekam.

But I did forsake them and I didn't open that suitcase again

Ampak odrekla sem se jim in kovčka nisem odprla,

dokler se nisem konec poletja

until I was back home with my family at the end of the summer.

vrnila domov k družini.

Now, I tell you this story about summer camp.

Tole je bila zgodba o poletnem taboru.

I could have told you 50 others just like it --

Lahko bi vam povedala še 50 podobnih -

all the times that I got the message

vsakič, ko sem dobila sporočilo,

that somehow my quiet and introverted style of being

da moj tihi in vase zaprti pristop k življenju

was not necessarily the right way to go,

ni nujno pravi,

that I should be trying to pass as more of an extrovert.

in da bi se morala delati, da sem bolj družabna.

And I always sensed deep down that this was wrong

Globoko v sebi sem vedno čutila, da je to narobe

and that introverts were pretty excellent just as they were.

in da so vase zaprti ljudje precej odlični prav taki, kot so.

Vendar sem to zavedanje leta zanikala

But for years I denied this intuition,

and so I became a Wall Street lawyer, of all things,

in postala sem celo pravnica na Wall Streetu,

instead of the writer that I had always longed to be --

namesto da bi bila pisateljica, kar sem si vedno želela...

partly because I needed to prove to myself that I could be bold and assertive too.

deloma zato, ker sem sebi morala dokazati,

da sem lahko tudi pogumna in samozavestna.

And I was always going off to crowded bars

In vedno sem hodila v prenatrpane bare,

when I really would have preferred to just have a nice dinner with friends.

ko bi v resnici raje šla na prijetno večerjo s prijatelji.

And I made these self-negating choices so reflexively,

Skozi te izbire sem samo sebe zanikala

tako avtomatsko,

that I wasn't even aware that I was making them.

da se nisem zavedala, da to počnem.

Now this is what many introverts do,

To dela veliko vase zaprtih ljudi

and it's our loss for sure,

in pri tem mnogo izgubljamo,

but it is also our colleagues' loss

izgubljajo pa tudi naši kolegi

and our communities' loss.

in naše skupnosti.

And at the risk of sounding grandiose, it is the world's loss.

In čeprav bo zvenelo velikopotezno, izgublja ves svet.

Because when it comes to creativity and to leadership,

Kajti ko govorimo o kreativnosti in vodenju,

we need introverts doing what they do best.

potrebujemo introvertirane ljudi, naj počnejo tisto, v čemer so najboljši.

A third to a half of the population are introverts --

Tretjina do polovica ljudi je introvertiranih...

a third to a half.

tretjina do polovica.

So that's one out of every two or three people you know.

To je eden izmed vsakih dveh ali treh ljudi, ki jih poznate.

So even if you're an extrovert yourself,

Tudi če ste sami odprt človek,

I'm talking about your coworkers

govorim o vaših kolegih,

and your spouses and your children

vaših partnerjih in otrocih

and the person sitting next to you right now --

in o osebi, ki sedaj sedi poleg vas...

all of them subject to this bias

vsi so žrtve tega predsodka,

that is pretty deep and real in our society.

ki je precej realen in globoko zakoreninjen v našo družbo.

We all internalize it from a very early age

Ponotranjimo ga že v otroštvu,

without even having a language for what we're doing.

ne da bi imeli jezik za to, kar počnemo.

Now, to see the bias clearly,

Da bi ta predsodek jasno videli,

you need to understand what introversion is.

je treba razumeti, kaj je introvertiranost.

It's different from being shy.

Ni enaka sramežljivosti.

Shyness is about fear of social judgment.

Sramežljivost je povezana s strahom pred mnenjem družbe.

Introversion is more about,

Zaprtost vase je bolj povezana s tem,

how do you respond to stimulation,

kako se odzivate na stimulacije,

including social stimulation.

vključno s socialnimi stimulacijami.

So extroverts really crave large amounts of stimulation,

Ekstravertirani ljudje iščejo veliko stimulacije,

whereas introverts feel at their most alive

introvertirani pa so najbolj "živi"

and their most switched-on and their most capable

in najbolj dejavni ter sposobni,

when they're in quieter, more low-key environments.

ko so v tihih, manj opaznih okoljih.

Ne vedno - te stvari niso absolutne -

Not all the time -- these things aren't absolute --

ampak veliko časa.

but a lot of the time.

So the key then to maximizing our talents

Bistvo je torej v tem,

da bomo svoje talente maksimalno izrabili,

is for us all to put ourselves

če se postavimo

in the zone of stimulation that is right for us.

v območje prave stimulacije.

But now here's where the bias comes in.

Tu pa se pojavi predsodek.

Our most important institutions,

Naše najpomembnejše institucije,

our schools and our workplaces,

šole in delovna mesta,

they are designed mostly for extroverts

so narejene predvsem za ekstravertirane ljudi

and for extroverts' need for lots of stimulation.

ter za njihovo potrebo po veliko stimulacije.

And also we have this belief system right now

Trenutno smo tudi pod vplivom prepričanja,

that I call the new groupthink,

ki ga imenujem novo skupinsko mišljenje,

which holds that all creativity and all productivity

ki trdi, da vsa ustvarjalnost in produktivnost

comes from a very oddly gregarious place.

izhajata iz čudno družabnega okolja.

So if you picture the typical classroom nowadays:

Predstavljajte si tipičen razred:

When I was going to school, we sat in rows.

Ko sem hodila v šolo,

smo sedeli v vrstah.

We sat in rows of desks like this,

Sedeli smo v takih vrstah klopi

and we did most of our work pretty autonomously.

in večino dela opravili precej samostojno.

But nowadays, your typical classroom has pods of desks --

Dandanes pa ima tipična učilnica

skupine klopi...

four or five or six or seven kids all facing each other.

štirje, pet, šest ali sedem otrok drug poleg drugega.

And kids are working in countless group assignments.

In otroci se ukvarjajo z neštetimi skupinskimi nalogami.

Even in subjects like math and creative writing,

Celo pri matematiki in kreativnem pisanju,

which you think would depend on solo flights of thought,

za katera bi človek dejal, da sta odvisna od samostojnega toka misli,

kids are now expected to act as committee members.

naj bi otroci zdaj delovali kot člani odbora.

And for the kids who prefer to go off by themselves or just to work alone,

Kar se pa tiče otrok, ki raje

raziskujejo ali delajo sami,

those kids are seen as outliers often

te pogosto smatramo za odpadnike

or, worse, as problem cases.

ali še huje, težavne primere.

In velika večina učiteljev pravi, da verjamejo,

And the vast majority of teachers

reports believing that the ideal student is an extrovert

da je idealni učenec ekstravertiran,

as opposed to an introvert,

ne pa introvertiran,

even though introverts actually get better grades

čeprav slednji dejansko dobijo boljše ocene

and are more knowledgeable,

in vedo več,

according to research.

vsaj če sledimo rezultatom raziskav.

(Laughter)

(smeh)

Okay, same thing is true in our workplaces.

V redu, enako velja za delovna mesta.

Now, most of us work in open plan offices,

Večina nas dela v odprtih pisarnah,

without walls,

brez zidov,

where we are subject to the constant noise and gaze of our coworkers.

kjer smo stalno podvrženi

pogledom in hrupu s strani sodelavcev.

And when it comes to leadership,

Ko govorimo o vodenju,

introverts are routinely passed over for leadership positions,

se pri vodstvenih položajih vase zaprte ljudi rutinsko preskoči,

čeprav so ponavadi zelo previdni,

even though introverts tend to be very careful,

bodo manj verjetno pretirano tvegali...

much less likely to take outsize risks --

kar je nekaj, čemur smo dandanes morda vsi naklonjeni.

which is something we might all favor nowadays.

And interesting research by Adam Grant at the Wharton School

Zanimiva raziskava, ki jo je opravil Adam Grant z Wharton School,

has found that introverted leaders

je pokazala, da introvertirani ljudje na vodstvenih položajih

often deliver better outcomes than extroverts do,

pogosto pridejo do boljših rezultatov kot ekstravertirani ljudje,

because when they are managing proactive employees,

saj ko nadzirajo proaktivne uslužbence,

they're much more likely to let those employees run with their ideas,

tem veliko verjetneje pustijo, da uresničijo svoje zamisli,

whereas an extrovert can, quite unwittingly,

medtem ko se tisti bolj ekstravertirani lahko, ne da bi se zavedali,

get so excited about things

pri zadevah tako vznemirijo,

that they're putting their own stamp on things,

da jim dajo svoj pečat,

and other people's ideas might not as easily then bubble up to the surface.

zaradi česar zamisli drugih ljudi težje

pridejo do izraza.

Now in fact, some of our transformative leaders in history have been introverts.

Nekaj največjih vodij v zgodovini je dejansko bilo introvertiranih.

Naj vam dam nekaj primerov.

I'll give you some examples.

Eleanor Roosevelt, Rosa Parks, Gandhi --

Eleanor Roosevelt, Rosa Parks, Gandi...

all these people described themselves as quiet and soft-spoken and even shy.

vsi ti so sebe označevali

za tihe, prijazne, celo sramežljive.

And they all took the spotlight,

A vseeno so prišli v ospredje,

even though every bone in their bodies was telling them not to.

čeprav jim je vsaka celica v telesu

govorila, naj tega ne napravijo.

And this turns out to have a special power all its own,

Izkaže se, da ima to smo po sebi neko posebno moč,

saj so ljudje čutili, da so ti ljudje vodili,

because people could feel that these leaders were at the helm

ne zato ker bi uživali v usmerjanju drugih,

not because they enjoyed directing others

in ne zaradi užitka, ker so jih drugi gledali;

and not out of the pleasure of being looked at;

tam so bili, ker niso imeli izbire,

they were there because they had no choice,

ker so morali narediti tisto, kar so mislili, da je prav.

because they were driven to do what they thought was right.

Now I think at this point it's important for me to say

No, na tej točki moram povedati,

that I actually love extroverts.

da imam zelo rada ekstravertirane ljudi.

I always like to say some of my best friends are extroverts,

Vedno povem, da je med njimi nekaj mojih najboljših prijateljev,

including my beloved husband.

vključno z mojim ljubljenim možem.

And we all fall at different points, of course,

In seveda vsak od nas pristane na drugi točki

along the introvert/extrovert spectrum.

med skrajno vase zaprtim in skrajno družabnim človekom.

Even Carl Jung, the psychologist who first popularized these terms,

Celo Carl Jung, psiholog, ki je prvi populariziral te pojme,

said that there's no such thing as a pure introvert

je dejal, da ne obstaja čisto vase zaprt človek

niti čisto družaben človek.

or a pure extrovert.

He said that such a man would be in a lunatic asylum,

Dejal bi, da bi bil tak človek v norišnici,

če bi sploh obstajal.

if he existed at all.

And some people fall smack in the middle of the introvert/extrovert spectrum,

In nekateri padejo točno v sredino

spektra med introvertiranostjo in ekstrovertiranostjo,

and we call these people ambiverts.

imenujemo jih ambivertirani ljudje.

And I often think that they have the best of all worlds.

Pogosto mislim, da imajo najboljše iz obeh svetov.

But many of us do recognize ourselves as one type or the other.

Veliko pa se nas prepozna kot eden ali drugi tip.

And what I'm saying is that culturally, we need a much better balance.

Kar pravim, je, da kulturno gledano potrebujemo boljše ravnotežje.

We need more of a yin and yang between these two types.

Potrebujemo več jina in janga

med tema dvema tipoma.

This is especially important

To je posebej pomembno

when it comes to creativity and to productivity,

pri ustvarjalnosti in produktivnosti,

because when psychologists look at the lives of the most creative people,

kajti ko psihologi pogledajo

življenja najbolj ustvarjalnih ljudi,

what they find

ugotovijo, da obstajajo

are people who are very good at exchanging ideas

ljudje, ki so dobri pri izmenjavi zamisli

and advancing ideas,

in njihovem razvoju,

but who also have a serious streak of introversion in them.

v sebi pa nosijo tudi pomemben del introvertiranosti.

And this is because solitude

To je zato, ker je samost pogosto ključna

is a crucial ingredient often to creativity.

za ustvarjalnost.

So Darwin,

Darwin je na primer

he took long walks alone in the woods

hodil na dolge samotne sprehode po gozdu

and emphatically turned down dinner-party invitations.

in je prijazno zavračal vabila na večerje.

Theodor Geisel, better known as Dr. Seuss,

Theodor Geisel, bolj znan kot dr. Seuss,

he dreamed up many of his amazing creations

je veliko svojih čudovitih dosežkov dosanjal

in a lonely bell tower office that he had

v samotnem stolpu - pisarni

in the back of his house in La Jolla, California.

za svojo hišo v La Jolli v Kaliforniji.

And he was actually afraid to meet the young children who read his books

V resnici se je bal srečati

majhne otroke, ki so brali njegove knjige,

for fear that they were expecting him this kind of jolly Santa Claus-like figure

saj se je bal, da bodo pričakovali,

da bo tudi sam vesel kot kak Božiček,

and would be disappointed with his more reserved persona.

in da bodo razočarani z njegovo zadržano osebnostjo.

Steve Wozniak invented the first Apple computer

Steve Wozniak je izumil prvi Apple računalnik,

sitting alone in his cubicle in Hewlett-Packard

ko je sam sedel v svojem delu pisarne

v podjetju Hewlett-Packard, kjer je tedaj delal.

where he was working at the time.

Pravi, da nikoli ne bi postal tak strokovnjak,

And he says that he never would have become such an expert in the first place

če ne bi bil tako vase zaprt, da sploh ni šel iz hiše,

had he not been too introverted to leave the house

ko je odraščal.

when he was growing up.

Seveda to ne pomeni,

Now, of course,

this does not mean that we should all stop collaborating --

da bi vsi morali nehati sodelovati...

and case in point, is Steve Wozniak famously coming together with Steve Jobs

Steve Wozniak je dokaz, saj je stopil skupaj s Stevom Jobsom

to start Apple Computer --

in sta ustvarila Apple Computer...

but it does mean that solitude matters

pomeni pa, da je samota pomembna

and that for some people it is the air that they breathe.

in da je za nekatere ljudi

kot zrak, ki ga dihajo.

And in fact, we have known for centuries about the transcendent power of solitude.

In dejansko že stoletje poznamo

transcendentalno moč samote.

It's only recently that we've strangely begun to forget it.

Šele nedavno smo jo nekako začeli pozabljati.

If you look at most of the world's major religions,

Če pogledate večino največjih svetovnih verstev,

you will find seekers --

boste našli iskalce...

Moses, Jesus, Buddha, Muhammad --

Mojzes, Jezus, Buda, Mohamed...

seekers who are going off by themselves alone to the wilderness,

iskalce, ki so sami

odšli v divjino,

where they then have profound epiphanies and revelations

kjer so našli globoka razkritja in razodetja

that they then bring back to the rest of the community.

ter jih prinesli v preostalo skupnost.

So, no wilderness, no revelations.

Torej: brez divjine ni razodetja.

This is no surprise, though,

To sploh ni presenetljivo,

if you look at the insights of contemporary psychology.

če pomislite na odkritja sodobne psihologije.

It turns out that we can't even be in a group of people

Izkaže se, da ne moremo niti biti v skupini ljudi,

without instinctively mirroring, mimicking their opinions.

ne da bi instinktivno oponašali njihova mnenja.

Even about seemingly personal and visceral things

Celo o na videz osebnih in globokih stvareh,

like who you're attracted to,

denimo o tem, kdo nam je všeč,

you will start aping the beliefs of the people around you

začnemo oponašati prepričanja ljudi okoli nas,

without even realizing that that's what you're doing.

ne da bi se tega sploh zavedali.

And groups famously follow the opinions

In znano je, da skupine sledijo mnenju

of the most dominant or charismatic person in the room,

najbolj dominantne ali karizmatične osebe v prostoru,

even though there's zero correlation

čeprav med tem, kdo je najboljši govorec

between being the best talker and having the best ideas --

in kdo ima najboljše ideje, ni nikakršne korelacije.

I mean zero.

Prav nikakršne.

So --

Torej...

(Laughter)

(smeh)

You might be following the person with the best ideas,

Morda boste sledili osebi z najboljšimi zamislimi,

but you might not.

morda pa ne.

And do you really want to leave it up to chance?

Ali to res hočete prepustiti naključju?

Much better for everybody to go off by themselves,

Veliko bolje je. če gre vsak po svoje

generate their own ideas

in razvija svoje zamisli

freed from the distortions of group dynamics,

brez motenj zaradi skupinske dinamike,

and then come together as a team

potem pa zopet pridejo skupaj,

to talk them through in a well-managed environment

se pogovorijo v dobro vodenem okolju

and take it from there.

ter nadaljujejo od tam naprej.

Now if all this is true,

Če je vse to res,

then why are we getting it so wrong?

zakaj vedno delamo nekaj narobe?

Why are we setting up our schools this way, and our workplaces?

Zakaj šole in delovna mesta delujejo na tak način?

Zakaj v introvertiranih ljudeh vzbujamo občutek krivde

And why are we making these introverts feel so guilty

zaradi tega, ker hočejo del časa prebiti sami?

about wanting to just go off by themselves some of the time?

One answer lies deep in our cultural history.

Eden od odgovorov izhaja iz kulturne zgodovine.

Western societies,

Zahodne družbe,

and in particular the U.S.,

posebej ameriška,

have always favored the man of action over the "man" of contemplation.

so vedno spodbujale aktivnega

bolj kot razmišljujočega,

in to moškega.

But in America's early days,

V zgodnjih dneh ZDA

we lived in what historians call a culture of character,

pa smo živeli v t.i. kulturi karakterja,

where we still, at that point, valued people

ko smo še cenili ljudi

for their inner selves and their moral rectitude.

zaradi njihove notranjosti in moralne vrednosti.

And if you look at the self-help books from this era,

Če si pogledate knjige za samopomoč iz tega obdobja,

they all had titles with things like

so vse nosile naslove, kot so

"Character, the Grandest Thing in the World."

"Karakter, najpomembnejša stvar na svetu".

And they featured role models like Abraham Lincoln,

In vzorniki v njih so bili ljudje, kot je Abraham Lincoln,

who was praised for being modest and unassuming.

ki je bil cenjen kot skromen in nezahteven.

Ralph Waldo Emerson called him

Ralph Waldo Emerson ga je klical

"A man who does not offend by superiority."

"človek, ki ne žali z večvrednostjo".

But then we hit the 20th century,

A potem smo prišli v 20. stoletje

and we entered a new culture

in vstopili v novo kulturo,

that historians call the culture of personality.

ki jo zgodovinarji imenujejo kultura osebnosti.

What happened is we had evolved an agricultural economy

Razvili smo se iz agrarne ekonomije

v svet velikih poslov.

to a world of big business.

And so suddenly people are moving from small towns to the cities.

In kar naenkrat so se ljudje začeli

seliti iz majhnih krajev v mesta.

And instead of working alongside people they've known all their lives,

Namesto da bi delali poleg ljudi, ki so jih poznali vse življenje,

now they are having to prove themselves in a crowd of strangers.

so se po novem morali dokazovati

v množici tujcev.

So, quite understandably,

Razumljivo je,

qualities like magnetism and charisma suddenly come to seem really important.

da so lastnosti, kot sta privlačnost in karizma,

naenkrat postale zelo pomembne.

And sure enough, the self-help books change to meet these new needs

In seveda so se tudi knjige za samopomoč spremenile,

and they start to have names

da bi zadostile novim potrebam, in začele nositi naslove,

like "How to Win Friends and Influence People."

kot je "Kako si pridobiti prijatelje in vplivati na ljudi".

And they feature as their role models really great salesmen.

Kot vzornike pa predstavljajo

odlične prodajalce.

So that's the world we're living in today.

V takem svetu živimo danes.

That's our cultural inheritance.

To je naša kulturna dediščina.

Now none of this is to say that social skills are unimportant,

To ne pomeni,

da so socialne spretnosti nepomembne,

and I'm also not calling for the abolishing of teamwork at all.

niti ne pravim,

da je treba odpraviti timsko delo.

The same religions who send their sages off to lonely mountain tops

Ista verstva, ki svoje modrece pošiljajo na samotne vrhove gora,

also teach us love and trust.

nas učijo tudi ljubiti in zaupati.

And the problems that we are facing today

Težave, s katerimi se soočamo dandanes

in fields like science and in economics

na področju znanosti in ekonomije,

are so vast and so complex

so tako velike in kompleksne,

that we are going to need armies of people coming together

da bomo potrebovali armade ljudi, ki bodo morali

rešitve iskati skupaj.

to solve them working together.

But I am saying that the more freedom that we give introverts to be themselves,

Vendar trdim, da bolj ko bomo vase zaprtim ljudem pustili biti to, kar so,

bolj verjetno je, da bodo

the more likely that they are

to come up with their own unique solutions to these problems.

prišli do enkratnih rešitev za te težave.

So now I'd like to share with you what's in my suitcase today.

Zdaj pa bi vam rada povedala,

kaj imam danes v kovčku.

Guess what?

Uganite!

Books.

Knjige.

I have a suitcase full of books.

Moj kovček je poln knjig.

Here's Margaret Atwood, "Cat's Eye."

Tule je "Mačje oko" Margaret Atwood.

Here's a novel by Milan Kundera.

Tule je roman Milana Kundere.

And here's "The Guide for the Perplexed" by Maimonides.

Tule pa je Maimonidov

"Vodnik za zbegane".

But these are not exactly my books.

To niso ravno moje knjige.

I brought these books with me

S seboj sem jih prinesla,

because they were written by my grandfather's favorite authors.

ker so jih napisali najljubši avtorji mojega dedka.

My grandfather was a rabbi

Moj dedek je bil rabin

and he was a widower

in vdovec,

who lived alone in a small apartment in Brooklyn

ki je sam živel v majhnem stanovanju v Brooklynu,

that was my favorite place in the world when I was growing up,

ki je bilo med odraščanjem moj najljubši kraj na svetu,

partly because it was filled with his very gentle, very courtly presence

deloma zato, ker je bilo polno njegove blage, zelo vljudne osebnosti,

and partly because it was filled with books.

in deloma zato, ker je bilo polno knjig.

I mean literally every table, every chair in this apartment

Dobesedno vsaka miza in vsak stol v tem stanovanju

had yielded its original function

so svojo prvotno funkcijo spremenili

to now serve as a surface for swaying stacks of books.

v mesto za majave kupe knjig.

Just like the rest of my family,

Kot drugi v moji družini

my grandfather's favorite thing to do in the whole world was to read.

je dedek najraje od vsega na svetu bral.

But he also loved his congregation,

Rad pa je imel tudi svoje vernike

and you could feel this love in the sermons that he gave

in to ljubezen je bilo čutiti v njegovih pridigah,

every week for the 62 years that he was a rabbi.

ki jih je imel vsak teden, vseh 62 let delovanja kot rabin.

He would takes the fruits of each week's reading

Sadove vsakotedenskega branja je stkal skupaj,

and he would weave

sestavil je zapletene tapiserije antične in humanistične misli.

these intricate tapestries of ancient and humanist thought.

In ljudje so prihajali od vsepovsod,

And people would come from all over to hear him speak.

da bi ga poslušali.

But here's the thing about my grandfather.

Ampak pri mojem dedku gre za to:

pod plaščem svoje ceremonialne vloge

Underneath this ceremonial role,

he was really modest and really introverted --

je bil res skromen in zelo zaprt vase...

so much so that when he delivered these sermons,

tako zelo, da je med pridiganjem

he had trouble making eye contact

imel težave vzpostavljati stik z očmi

with the very same congregation that he had been speaking to for 62 years.

s svojimi farani,

katerim je pridigal 62 let.

And even away from the podium,

In celo stran od prižnice,

when you called him to say hello,

ko ga je kdo pozdravil,

he would often end the conversation prematurely

je pogosto prehitro končal pogovor,

for fear that he was taking up too much of your time.

saj se je bal, da mu jemlje preveč časa.

But when he died at the age of 94,

Ko je pri 94 letih umrl,

the police had to close down the streets of his neighborhood

je policija morala ceste v soseščini zapreti za promet,

to accommodate the crowd of people who came out to mourn him.

da bi lahko blizu prišli vsi ljudje,

ki so prišli žalovat.

V teh dneh se skušam na svoj način

And so these days I try to learn from my grandfather's example

učiti od dedkovega zgleda.

in my own way.

So I just published a book about introversion,

Pravkar sem objavila knjigo o zaprtosti vase,

and it took me about seven years to write.

pisala sem jo sedem let.

And for me, that seven years was like total bliss,

In zame je bilo teh sedem let popoln užitek,

because I was reading, I was writing,

saj sem brala, pisala,

I was thinking, I was researching.

razmišljala, raziskovala.

It was my version

To je bila moja verzija

of my grandfather's hours of the day alone in his library.

dedkovih samotnih ur v knjižnici.

But now all of a sudden my job is very different,

Ampak sedaj je moja služba naenkrat zelo drugačna,

and my job is to be out here talking about it,

saj moram biti tu in govoriti o tem,

talking about introversion.

o svoji zaprtosti vase.

(Laughter)

(smeh)

And that's a lot harder for me,

To je zame veliko težje,

because as honored as I am to be here with all of you right now,

saj kljub časti,

da sem lahko zdaj tu med vami,

this is not my natural milieu.

to ni moje naravno okolje.

So I prepared for moments like these as best I could.

Zato sem se na take trenutke pripravila,

kolikor sem se pač lahko.

I spent the last year practicing public speaking

Zadnje leto sem ob vsaki priložnosti

every chance I could get.

vadila javno nastopanje.

And I call this my "year of speaking dangerously."

In temu pravim moje "leto nevarnega govorjenja".

(Laughter)

(smeh)

And that actually helped a lot.

In pravzaprav je veliko pomagalo.

But I'll tell you, what helps even more

Povem pa vam, še bolj pomaga

is my sense, my belief, my hope that when it comes to our attitudes

moj občutek, moje prepričanje in upanje,

da smo pri našem odnosu do zaprtosti vase,

to introversion and to quiet and to solitude,

do tišine in samote

we truly are poised on the brink on dramatic change.

na robu dramatičnih sprememb.

I mean, we are.

Res smo.

And so I am going to leave you now

Zato vas zdaj zapuščam

with three calls for action for those who share this vision.

s tremi pozivi k delovanju

za vse, ki delite mojo vizijo.

Number one:

Prvič:

Stop the madness for constant group work.

nehajte z norostjo stalnega skupinskega dela.

Just stop it.

Enostavno nehajte.

(Laughter)

(smeh)

Thank you.

Hvala.

(Applause)

(aplavz)

And I want to be clear about what I'm saying,

O tem, kar govorim, hočem biti jasna,

because I deeply believe our offices

saj globoko verjamem, da bi naše pisarne

should be encouraging casual, chatty cafe-style types of interactions --

morale spodbujati

neformalne, pogovorne, kavarniške interakcije,

you know, the kind where people come together

saj veste, take ko ljudje pridejo skupaj

and serendipitously have an exchange of ideas.

in po srečnem naključju izmenjajo ideje.

That is great.

To je odlično.

It's great for introverts and it's great for extroverts.

Odlično tako za introvertirane kot za ekstravertirane ljudi.

But we need much more privacy and much more freedom

A potrebujemo veliko več zasebnosti in svobode

ter več avtonomnosti pri delu.

and much more autonomy at work.

School, same thing.

Šola je enaka stvar.

We need to be teaching kids to work together, for sure,

Otroke je treba učiti, naj sodelujejo, seveda,

but we also need to be teaching them how to work on their own.

ampak učiti jih je treba tudi, kako delati samostojno.

To je posebej pomembno tudi za ekstravertirane otroke.

This is especially important for extroverted children too.

Morajo delati samostojno,

They need to work on their own

because that is where deep thought comes from in part.

saj od tam deloma prihaja globoko razmišljanje.

V redu, drugič: pojdite v divjino.

Okay, number two: Go to the wilderness.

Be like Buddha, have your own revelations.

Bodite kot Buda, imejte svoja razodetja.

I'm not saying

Ne pravim,

that we all have to now go off and build our own cabins in the woods

naj gremo zdaj vsi v gozdove in tam zgradimo svoje koče

and never talk to each other again,

ter se nikoli več z nikomer pogovarjamo,

but I am saying that we could all stand to unplug

pravim samo, da bi vsi lahko odklopili

and get inside our own heads a little more often.

ter se malo večkrat

obrnili vase.

Number three:

Tretjič:

Take a good look at what's inside your own suitcase

Dobro poglejte, kaj je v vašem kovčku

and why you put it there.

ter zakaj je tam.

So extroverts,

Družabneži,

maybe your suitcases are also full of books.

morda so vaši kovčki tudi polni knjig.

Or maybe they're full of champagne glasses or skydiving equipment.

Morda pa so polni kozarcev za šampanjec

ali padalske opreme.

Whatever it is, I hope you take these things out every chance you get

Karkoli že je, upam, da stvari jemljete ven, kadar le morete,

and grace us with your energy and your joy.

in nas počastite s svojo energijo in veseljem.

But introverts, you being you,

Tisti, ki ste zaprti vase, taki kakršni ste,

you probably have the impulse to guard very carefully

verjetno želite previdno varovati

what's inside your own suitcase.

vsebino svojega kovčka.

And that's okay.

In to je v redu.

But occasionally, just occasionally,

Ampak upam, da včasih, le včasih,

I hope you will open up your suitcases for other people to see,

odprete svoje kovčke in jih pokažete drugim,

because the world needs you and it needs the things you carry.

saj vas in stvari, ki jih nosite, svet potrebuje.

So I wish you the best of all possible journeys

Zato vam želim najboljše možno potovanje

and the courage to speak softly.

in pogum, da govorite s tihim glasom.

Thank you very much.

Hvala lepa.

(Applause)

(aplavz)

Thank you. Thank you.

Hvala vam. Hvala vam.

(Applause)

(aplavz)