The power of introverts | Susan Cain | TED

Prevoditelj: Senzos Osijek Recezent: Ivona Papa

When I was nine years old,

Kada sam imala devet godina

I went off to summer camp for the first time.

po prvi puta sam otišla u ljetni kamp.

And my mother packed me a suitcase full of books,

Moja majka mi je spakirala kovčeg

pun knjiga

which to me seemed like a perfectly natural thing to do.

što je meni bilo nešto sasvim normalno,

Because in my family, reading was the primary group activity.

jer u mojoj obitelji,

čitanje je glavna grupna djelatnost.

And this might sound antisocial to you,

To bi vam možda moglo zvučati nedruštveno,

but for us it was really just a different way of being social.

ali za nas to je bio drugi način kako biti društven.

You have the animal warmth of your family sitting right next to you,

Imate uz sebe toplinu članova obitelji

koji sjede pored vas,

but you are also free to go roaming around the adventureland

a istodobno ste slobodni lutati zemljama čudesa

svojeg uma.

inside your own mind.

And I had this idea

Imala sam predodžbu

that camp was going to be just like this, but better.

da će kamp biti poput toga, samo još bolje.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

I had a vision of 10 girls sitting in a cabin

Zamišljala sam deset cura kako udobno sjede

cozily reading books in their matching nightgowns.

u kolibi i čitaju u uparenim spavaćicama.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

Camp was more like a keg party without any alcohol.

Kamp je bio više poput studentske zabave, ali bez alkohola.

And on the very first day,

Odmah prvoga dana,

our counselor gathered us all together

naša nas je savjetnica okupila

and she taught us a cheer that she said we would be doing

i naučila nas poklik za koji je rekla da ćemo raditi

every day for the rest of the summer to instill camp spirit.

svaki dan do kraja ljeta,

kako bismo bolje osjetili duh kampa.

And it went like this:

Ide ovako:

"R-O-W-D-I-E,

„R-O-W-D-I-E

that's the way we spell rowdie.

tako pišemo ROWDIE,

Rowdie, rowdie, let's get rowdie."

postanimo ROWDIE“ (eng.rowdy - glasni, buntovni).

(Laughter)

Yeah.

Da..

So I couldn't figure out for the life of me

Nikako nisam mogla shvatiti

why we were supposed to be so rowdy,

zašto moramo biti tako buntovni

or why we had to spell this word incorrectly.

ili zašto smo ovu riječ morali netočno slovkati?

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

But I recited a cheer. I recited a cheer along with everybody else.

Ali recitirala sam navijačku pjesmu, recitirala sam zajedno s ostalima,

I did my best.

dala sam sve od sebe.

And I just waited for the time that I could go off and read my books.

I samo sam čekala vrijeme

kada bih mogla otići i čitati svoje knjige.

But the first time that I took my book out of my suitcase,

Ali prvom prilikom kada sam izvadila knjige iz kovčega,

najpopularnija cura mi je prišla

the coolest girl in the bunk came up to me

i pitala me, „Zašto se ponašaš tako zrelo?“

and she asked me, "Why are you being so mellow?" --

Naravno, zrelo je bila sušta suprotnost

mellow, of course, being the exact opposite

buntovnosti.

of R-O-W-D-I-E.

Drugom prilikom kada sam to pokušala,

And then the second time I tried it,

savjetnica mi je prišla sa zabrinutim izrazom na licu,

the counselor came up to me with a concerned expression on her face

ponavljala mi što je duh kampa

and she repeated the point about camp spirit

i rekla kako se svi trebamo truditi

and said we should all work very hard to be outgoing.

biti društveni.

And so I put my books away,

I tako sam sklonila svoje knjige

back in their suitcase,

natrag u kovčeg

and I put them under my bed,

i stavila ih pod krevet,

and there they stayed for the rest of the summer.

i tamo su ostale ostatak ljeta.

And I felt kind of guilty about this.

Osjećala sam se krivom zbog toga.

I felt as if the books needed me somehow,

Osjećala sam kako me knjige na neki način trebaju

and they were calling out to me and I was forsaking them.

i kako me zovu, a ja sam ih napustila.

But I did forsake them and I didn't open that suitcase again

Ali i jesam ih napustila jer taj kovčeg nisam ponovno otvorila

sve dok se nisam krajem ljeta

until I was back home with my family at the end of the summer.

vratila kući svojoj obitelji.

Now, I tell you this story about summer camp.

Ispričala sam vam ovu priču o ljetnom kampu,

I could have told you 50 others just like it --

ali mogla sam vam ispričati još pedeset drugih poput nje.

all the times that I got the message

Svaki put kada sam dobila poruku

that somehow my quiet and introverted style of being

kako moj tihi i introvertirani način postojanja

was not necessarily the right way to go,

nije nužno ispravni način,

that I should be trying to pass as more of an extrovert.

kako bismo se trebali truditi biti ekstrovertni.

And I always sensed deep down that this was wrong

I oduvijek sam duboko u sebi osjećala da je to pogrešno,

and that introverts were pretty excellent just as they were.

kako su i introverti izvrsni baš takvi kakvi jesu.

Godinama sam nijekala tu intuiciju

But for years I denied this intuition,

and so I became a Wall Street lawyer, of all things,

i tako sam od svih stvari postala odvjetnik na Wall Streetu,

instead of the writer that I had always longed to be --

umjesto pisca, što sam oduvijek željela postati.

partly because I needed to prove to myself that I could be bold and assertive too.

Dijelom zbog toga jer sam morala dokazati samoj sebi

kako i ja mogu biti odvažna i puna samopouzdanja.

And I was always going off to crowded bars

I tako sam odlazila u prenapučene barove,

when I really would have preferred to just have a nice dinner with friends.

iako sam radije htjela otići na finu večeru s prijateljima.

And I made these self-negating choices so reflexively,

Donosila sam te izbore koji su se kosili sa mnom

tako refleksno,

that I wasn't even aware that I was making them.

da čak nisam bila ni svjesna da ih činim.

Now this is what many introverts do,

To je ono što mnogi introverti čine,

and it's our loss for sure,

i zasigurno je to naš gubitak,

but it is also our colleagues' loss

ali i gubitak naših kolega,

and our communities' loss.

naše zajednice.

And at the risk of sounding grandiose, it is the world's loss.

I uz rizik da ću zvučati grandiozno, gubitak svijeta.

Because when it comes to creativity and to leadership,

Jer, kada se radi o kreativnosti, o vodstvu,

we need introverts doing what they do best.

potrebno nam je da introverti rade ono u čemu su najbolji.

A third to a half of the population are introverts --

Trećina do polovina populacije su introverti.

a third to a half.

Trećina do polovina!

So that's one out of every two or three people you know.

To je svaka druga ili treća osoba koju poznajete.

So even if you're an extrovert yourself,

Pa čak i ako ste vi sami ekstroverti,

I'm talking about your coworkers

govorim o vašim kolegama,

and your spouses and your children

o vašim supružnicima,

and the person sitting next to you right now --

vašoj djeci, o osobi koja u ovom trenutku sjedi do vas.

all of them subject to this bias

Svi su oni podvrgnuti toj pristranosti

that is pretty deep and real in our society.

koja je duboko u našem društvu.

We all internalize it from a very early age

I svi je usvajamo u vrlo ranom razdoblju

without even having a language for what we're doing.

dok još ni ne poznajemo jezik kojim bismo opisali ono što radimo.

Now, to see the bias clearly,

Kako bi ta pristranost bila jasnija

you need to understand what introversion is.

nužno je najprije razumjeti što je to sama introvertiranost.

It's different from being shy.

Drugačija je od stidljivosti.

Shyness is about fear of social judgment.

Stidljivost je strah od društvenog osuđivanja.

Introversion is more about,

Introvertiranost je više način

how do you respond to stimulation,

kako odgovarate na podražaje,

including social stimulation.

uključujući društvene podražaje.

So extroverts really crave large amounts of stimulation,

Ekstroverti zapravo žude za velikim količinama podražaja,

whereas introverts feel at their most alive

ali introverti se osjećaju najviše živima,

and their most switched-on and their most capable

najviše pobuđenima, najviše sposobnima

when they're in quieter, more low-key environments.

kada su u tišim, mirnijim okruženjima.

Ali ne cijelo vrijeme, ove stvari nisu konačne,

Not all the time -- these things aren't absolute --

ali većinu vremena.

but a lot of the time.

So the key then to maximizing our talents

Ključno je dakle

naći se u zoni podražavanja

is for us all to put ourselves

koja je ispravna za nas

in the zone of stimulation that is right for us.

kako bismo najviše ostvarili svoje talente.

But now here's where the bias comes in.

Ovo je dio gdje dolazi do pristranosti.

Our most important institutions,

Naše najvažnije ustanove,

our schools and our workplaces,

naše škole i radna mjesta,

they are designed mostly for extroverts

prilagođene su mahom ekstrovertima

and for extroverts' need for lots of stimulation.

i potrebama ekstroverta za mnoštvom podražaja.

And also we have this belief system right now

Također trenutno imamo sustav vjerovanja

that I call the new groupthink,

koji nazivam novim grupnim razmišljanjem,

which holds that all creativity and all productivity

koji drži da sva kreativnost i sva produktivnost

comes from a very oddly gregarious place.

dolaze iz neuobičajeno društvenih mjesta.

So if you picture the typical classroom nowadays:

Ako zamislite uobičajenu učionicu danas:

When I was going to school, we sat in rows.

Kada sam ja išla u školu

sjedili smo u redovima.

We sat in rows of desks like this,

Sjedili smo u redovima klupa

and we did most of our work pretty autonomously.

i većinu posla smo radili neovisno.

But nowadays, your typical classroom has pods of desks --

Ali u današnje vrijeme uobičajena učionica

ima polukružno složene stolove,

four or five or six or seven kids all facing each other.

gdje je četvero, petoro, šestoro, sedmoro djece međusobno suočeno.

And kids are working in countless group assignments.

Djeca rade u nebrojenim grupnim zadacima.

Even in subjects like math and creative writing,

Čak i kod predmeta kao što su matematika i kreativno pisanje,

which you think would depend on solo flights of thought,

za koje biste mislili da ovise o samostalnom tijeku misli.

kids are now expected to act as committee members.

Od djece se danas očekuje da se ponašaju poput članova odbora.

And for the kids who prefer to go off by themselves or just to work alone,

Djeca koja bi radije

sama pokušala ili radila samostalno,

those kids are seen as outliers often

viđena su kao izopćenici

or, worse, as problem cases.

ili još gore, problematični slučajevi.

I velika većina nastavnika vjeruje

And the vast majority of teachers

reports believing that the ideal student is an extrovert

da je idealni učenik ekstrovert,

as opposed to an introvert,

što se protivi introvertima,

even though introverts actually get better grades

iako, prema istraživanjima,

and are more knowledgeable,

introverti zapravo dobivaju

according to research.

bolje ocjene i znaju više.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

Okay, same thing is true in our workplaces.

Isto vrijedi i za naša radna mjesta.

Now, most of us work in open plan offices,

Većina nas radi u uredima otvorenog tipa,

without walls,

bez zidova,

where we are subject to the constant noise and gaze of our coworkers.

gdje smo podvrgnuti

konstantnoj buci i vrevi naših kolega.

And when it comes to leadership,

Kada se radi o pitanju vodstva,

introverts are routinely passed over for leadership positions,

introverti se rutinski odbijaju na tim pozicijama,

iako su introverti oprezniji,

even though introverts tend to be very careful,

manje skloni pretjeranim rizicima -

much less likely to take outsize risks --

stvari koje svi cijenimo u današnje vrijeme.

which is something we might all favor nowadays.

And interesting research by Adam Grant at the Wharton School

Zanimljivo, istraživanje Adama Granta na Whartonu

has found that introverted leaders

pokazalo je kako introvertirane vođe

often deliver better outcomes than extroverts do,

češće ostvaruju uspjehe od ekstrovertiranih

because when they are managing proactive employees,

jer, kada se susretnu s poduzetnim zaposlenicima,

they're much more likely to let those employees run with their ideas,

češće puštaju zaposlenicima da idu prema svojim zamislima.

whereas an extrovert can, quite unwittingly,

Dok se ekstroverti, krajnje nenamjerno,

get so excited about things

uzbuđuju činjenicom

that they're putting their own stamp on things,

što ostavljaju svoj trag na nešto

and other people's ideas might not as easily then bubble up to the surface.

te tako zamisli drugih ljudi

ne dolaze lako do izražaja.

Now in fact, some of our transformative leaders in history have been introverts.

Zapravo, neki od naših najutjecajnijih vođa u povijesti su bili introverti.

Navest ću vam nekoliko primjera:

I'll give you some examples.

Eleanor Roosevelt, Rosa Parks, Gandhi --

Eleanor Roosevelt, Rosa Parks, Gandhi,

all these people described themselves as quiet and soft-spoken and even shy.

svi ti ljudi opisuju sebe

tihima, čak i stidljivima.

And they all took the spotlight,

I svi su oni stali u središte pozornosti,

even though every bone in their bodies was telling them not to.

iako im je svaka kost u tijelu

govorila da to ne učine.

And this turns out to have a special power all its own,

To je još dopridonijelo dodatnu snagu

jer su ljudi mogli osjetiti kako te vođe nisu na čelu

because people could feel that these leaders were at the helm

jer uživaju upravljati drugima,

not because they enjoyed directing others

i ne zbog užitka što ih se gleda.

and not out of the pleasure of being looked at;

Bili su tamo jer nisu imali izbora,

they were there because they had no choice,

jer su bili nagnani da učine ono što su smatrali ispravnim.

because they were driven to do what they thought was right.

Now I think at this point it's important for me to say

Mislim da je u ovom trenutku važno reći

that I actually love extroverts.

kako ja zapravo volim ekstroverte.

I always like to say some of my best friends are extroverts,

Volim reći da su neki od mojih najboljih prijatelja ekstroverti,

including my beloved husband.

uključujući i mog voljenog muža.

And we all fall at different points, of course,

I naravno, svi se nalazimo na različitim točkama

along the introvert/extrovert spectrum.

u spektru introvertiranosti i ekstrovertiranosti.

Even Carl Jung, the psychologist who first popularized these terms,

Čak je i Carl Jung, psiholog koji je prvi popularizirao ove izraze, rekao

said that there's no such thing as a pure introvert

kako ne postoji nešto kao što je čisti introvert

ili čisti ekstrovert.

or a pure extrovert.

He said that such a man would be in a lunatic asylum,

Rekao je kako bi takav čovjek bio u ludnici,

ako bi uopće postojao.

if he existed at all.

And some people fall smack in the middle of the introvert/extrovert spectrum,

Neki se ljudi nalaze u sredini

između introvertiranosti i ekstrovertiranosti,

and we call these people ambiverts.

nazivamo ih ambivertima.

And I often think that they have the best of all worlds.

I često mislim kako oni dobivaju najbolje od oba svijeta.

But many of us do recognize ourselves as one type or the other.

Ali većina se nas ipak prepoznaje u jednom ili drugom tipu.

And what I'm saying is that culturally, we need a much better balance.

Ono što želim reći je da kulturološki trebamo puno bolju ravnotežu.

We need more of a yin and yang between these two types.

Trebamo snažniji Jin i Jang

između ova dva tipa.

This is especially important

Ovo je osobito važno

when it comes to creativity and to productivity,

kada se radi o kreativnosti i produktivnosti

because when psychologists look at the lives of the most creative people,

jer kada psiholozi pogledaju

živote nekih od najkreativnijih ljudi,

what they find

pronalaze ljude

are people who are very good at exchanging ideas

koji su vrlo dobri u izmjenjivanju ideja,

and advancing ideas,

i unaprijeđenju ideja,

but who also have a serious streak of introversion in them.

ali koji također imaju ozbiljnu crtu introvertiranosti u sebi.

And this is because solitude

To je stoga što je često samoća ključan sastojak

is a crucial ingredient often to creativity.

kreativnosti.

So Darwin,

Tako je i Darwin

he took long walks alone in the woods

odlazio sam na duge šetnje šumom,

and emphatically turned down dinner-party invitations.

i odlučno odbijao pozive na večere.

Theodor Geisel, better known as Dr. Seuss,

Theodor Geisel poznatiji kao Dr. Seuss

he dreamed up many of his amazing creations

odsanjario je većinu svojih nevjerojatnih ostvarenja

in a lonely bell tower office that he had

u svom osamljenom uredu u tornju zvonika,

in the back of his house in La Jolla, California.

iza svoje kuće u La Jollai u Kaliforniji.

And he was actually afraid to meet the young children who read his books

Bojao se susresti

s malom djecom koja su čitala njegove knjige

for fear that they were expecting him this kind of jolly Santa Claus-like figure

jer je mislio kako očekuju od njega

da bude onaj radostan i veseo lik,

and would be disappointed with his more reserved persona.

te da će biti razočarani njegovom suzdržanom osobom.

Steve Wozniak invented the first Apple computer

Steve Wozniak izumio je prvo Apple računalo

sitting alone in his cubicle in Hewlett-Packard

sjedeći sam u svom odjeljku

u Hewlett-Packardu gdje je tada radio.

where he was working at the time.

Rekao je kako nikada ne bi postao takvim stručnjakom

And he says that he never would have become such an expert in the first place

da nije bio previše introvertiran kako bi izašao iz kuće

had he not been too introverted to leave the house

dok je odrastao.

when he was growing up.

Naravno da to

Now, of course,

this does not mean that we should all stop collaborating --

ne znači da svi trebamo prestati surađivati -

and case in point, is Steve Wozniak famously coming together with Steve Jobs

ključni dio je da se Steve Wozniak našao sa Steveom Jobsom

to start Apple Computer --

kako bi pokrenuo slavni Apple -

but it does mean that solitude matters

ali znači da je samoća važna

and that for some people it is the air that they breathe.

i da je za neke ljude

ona neophodna poput zraka koji dišu.

And in fact, we have known for centuries about the transcendent power of solitude.

I zapravo nam je stoljećima poznata

transcendentalna moć samoće.

It's only recently that we've strangely begun to forget it.

Tek smo ju odnedavno nekim čudom počeli zaboravljati.

If you look at most of the world's major religions,

Ukoliko pogledate većinu velikih religija u svijetu,

you will find seekers --

pronaći ćete tragatelje -

Moses, Jesus, Buddha, Muhammad --

Mojsije, Isus, Buda, Muhamed -

seekers who are going off by themselves alone to the wilderness,

tragatelje koji odlaze

sami u divljinu

where they then have profound epiphanies and revelations

gdje potom imaju duboka prosvjetljenja i otkrivenja

that they then bring back to the rest of the community.

koja potom donose u ostatak zajednice.

So, no wilderness, no revelations.

Dakle, nema divljine, nema otkrivenja.

This is no surprise, though,

To ne iznenađuje

if you look at the insights of contemporary psychology.

ukoliko pogledamo spoznaje suvremene psihologije.

It turns out that we can't even be in a group of people

Ispada kako ne možemo biti među grupom ljudi,

without instinctively mirroring, mimicking their opinions.

a da instinktivno ne zrcalimo ili oponašamo njihova mišljenja.

Even about seemingly personal and visceral things

Čak i u iznimno osobnim stvarima,

like who you're attracted to,

kao primjerice tko nam je privlačan,

you will start aping the beliefs of the people around you

počinjemo oponašati mišljenje ljudi oko nas

without even realizing that that's what you're doing.

bez da smo svjesni da to činimo.

And groups famously follow the opinions

Grupe najčešće slijede mišljenje

of the most dominant or charismatic person in the room,

najdominantnije ili najkarizmatičnije osobe u prostoriji,

even though there's zero correlation

iako ne postoji korelacija

between being the best talker and having the best ideas --

između toga da je netko dobar govornik i da ima dobre ideje.

I mean zero.

Nula korelacije!

So --

Dakle,

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

You might be following the person with the best ideas,

možda slijedite osobu sa najboljim idejama,

but you might not.

a možda i ne.

And do you really want to leave it up to chance?

Želite li to zaista prepustiti slučaju?

Much better for everybody to go off by themselves,

Puno je bolje za sve da pokušaju sami,

generate their own ideas

stvore vlastite ideje,

freed from the distortions of group dynamics,

oslobođeni izobličenja djelovanjem grupe,

and then come together as a team

i onda zajedno kao tim

to talk them through in a well-managed environment

porazgovaraju o tim zamislima u dobrom okruženju

and take it from there.

te od tuda nastave dalje.

Now if all this is true,

Ako je sve ovo istinito

then why are we getting it so wrong?

zašto onda i dalje griješimo?

Why are we setting up our schools this way, and our workplaces?

Zašto postavljamo naše škole i naša radna mjesta na taj način?

Zašto činimo da se introverti osjećaju krivima

And why are we making these introverts feel so guilty

što ponekad žele pokušati sami?

about wanting to just go off by themselves some of the time?

One answer lies deep in our cultural history.

Jedan odgovor leži duboko u našoj kulturološkoj povijesti.

Western societies,

Zapadnjačka društva

and in particular the U.S.,

i osobito SAD,

have always favored the man of action over the "man" of contemplation.

uvijek su više vrednovali čovjeka od akcije

od čovjeka koji promatra

i čovjeka koji „promatra.“

But in America's early days,

Ali u ranim danima SAD-a,

we lived in what historians call a culture of character,

živjeli smo u, kako to povjesničari nazivaju, kulturi karaktera,

where we still, at that point, valued people

gdje smo još uvijek cijenili ljude

for their inner selves and their moral rectitude.

zbog njihove nutrine i moralnosti.

And if you look at the self-help books from this era,

Ukoliko pogledamo knjige samopomoći iz tog doba,

they all had titles with things like

sve su nosile naslove poput:

"Character, the Grandest Thing in the World."

„Karakter – najveća stvar na svijetu“.

And they featured role models like Abraham Lincoln,

Isticale su ljude kao što je Abraham Lincoln

who was praised for being modest and unassuming.

koji je bio hvaljen zbog svoje skromnosti.

Ralph Waldo Emerson called him

Ralph Waldo Emerson naziva ga

"A man who does not offend by superiority."

čovjekom koga nadmoć ne vrijeđa.

But then we hit the 20th century,

Ali onda smo s dvadesetim stoljećem

and we entered a new culture

ušli u novu kulturu

that historians call the culture of personality.

koju povjesničari nazivaju kulturom osobnosti.

What happened is we had evolved an agricultural economy

Dogodilo se to da smo napredovali iz poljoprivredne ekonomije.

u svijet velikih poslovanja.

to a world of big business.

And so suddenly people are moving from small towns to the cities.

Odjednom se ljudi sele

iz malih mjesta u gradove.

And instead of working alongside people they've known all their lives,

Umjesto da rade uz ljude koje su poznavali cijelog života,

now they are having to prove themselves in a crowd of strangers.

sada se moraju dokazati

među gomilom stranaca.

So, quite understandably,

I sasvim razumljivo,

qualities like magnetism and charisma suddenly come to seem really important.

osobine kao što su privlačnost i karizmatičnost

odjednom postaju iznimno važne.

And sure enough, the self-help books change to meet these new needs

Sigurno da su se knjige samopomoći promijenile kako bi ispunile ove nove potrebe

and they start to have names

i sada nose naslove poput:

like "How to Win Friends and Influence People."

„Kako osvojiti prijatelje i ostaviti utjecaj na ljude“.

And they feature as their role models really great salesmen.

Kao svoje uzore ističu

vrlo dobre prodavatelje.

So that's the world we're living in today.

To je svijet u kojem živimo danas,

That's our cultural inheritance.

to je naše kulturološko nasljeđe.

Now none of this is to say that social skills are unimportant,

Ništa od ovoga ne dopušta nam reći

kako društvene vještine nisu važne

and I'm also not calling for the abolishing of teamwork at all.

i također, ne zagovaram

ukidanje timskog rada.

The same religions who send their sages off to lonely mountain tops

Iste religije koje su slale svoje mudrace na vrhove planina

also teach us love and trust.

također nas uče ljubavi i povjerenju.

And the problems that we are facing today

Problemi s kojima smo suočeni danas

in fields like science and in economics

u područjima kao što su znanost ili ekonomija

are so vast and so complex

toliko su opširni i složeni

that we are going to need armies of people coming together

da nam je potrebna vojska ljudi koja surađuje

kako bismo ih riješili.

to solve them working together.

But I am saying that the more freedom that we give introverts to be themselves,

Ali želim reći kako će s više slobode koja je dana introvertima da budu ono što jesu,

vjerojatnije doći i više

the more likely that they are

to come up with their own unique solutions to these problems.

njihovih jedinstvenih rješenja za te probleme.

So now I'd like to share with you what's in my suitcase today.

Sada bih htjela podijeliti s vama

što se nalazi u mom kovčegu danas.

Guess what?

Pogodite što?

Books.

Knjige.

I have a suitcase full of books.

Imam kovčeg pun knjiga,

Here's Margaret Atwood, "Cat's Eye."

ovo je „Mačje oko“ od Margaret Atwood,

Here's a novel by Milan Kundera.

roman Milana Kundere,

And here's "The Guide for the Perplexed" by Maimonides.

ovo je „Vodič za one što dvoje“

od Maimonidesa.

But these are not exactly my books.

Ali zapravo, to nisu moje knjige.

I brought these books with me

Ponijela sam ih sa sobom

because they were written by my grandfather's favorite authors.

jer su ih napisali najdraži pisci mog djeda.

My grandfather was a rabbi

Moj je djed bio rabin,

and he was a widower

bio je udovac

who lived alone in a small apartment in Brooklyn

koji je živio sam u malom stanu u Brooklynu.

that was my favorite place in the world when I was growing up,

Dok sam odrastala to je bilo moje najdraže mjesto na svijetu,

partly because it was filled with his very gentle, very courtly presence

dijelom zbog toga što je bilo ispunjeno njegovom nježnom prisutnošću

and partly because it was filled with books.

i dijelom jer je bilo ispunjeno knjigama.

I mean literally every table, every chair in this apartment

Doslovno, svaki stol, svaka stolica u njegovom stanu

had yielded its original function

nije više ispunjavala svoju prvobitnu namjenu

to now serve as a surface for swaying stacks of books.

i služila je kao površina za odlaganje hrpe knjiga.

Just like the rest of my family,

Kao i u ostatku moje obitelji,

my grandfather's favorite thing to do in the whole world was to read.

mom djedu najdraža stvar na svijetu bilo je čitanje.

But he also loved his congregation,

Ali također je volio svoju kongregaciju.

and you could feel this love in the sermons that he gave

Mogla se osjetiti njegova ljubav u propovijedima koje je održavao

every week for the 62 years that he was a rabbi.

svaki tjedan 62 godine koliko je bio rabin.

He would takes the fruits of each week's reading

Uzeo bi najbolje iz tjednih čitanja

and he would weave

i tkao zapetljane tapiserije drevnih humanističkih misli.

these intricate tapestries of ancient and humanist thought.

Ljudi su dolazili sa raznih strana

And people would come from all over to hear him speak.

kako bi ga čuli kako govori.

But here's the thing about my grandfather.

Ali postoji jedna stvar o mom djedu.

Ispod svoje svečane uloge,

Underneath this ceremonial role,

he was really modest and really introverted --

bio je zaista skroman i introvertiran,

so much so that when he delivered these sermons,

toliko da, kada je propovijedao,

he had trouble making eye contact

imao je problem ostvariti kontakt očima

with the very same congregation that he had been speaking to for 62 years.

s tom istom kongregacijom

kojoj je govorio 62 godine.

And even away from the podium,

I izvan govornice,

when you called him to say hello,

kada ste ga nazvali kako biste ga pozdravili

he would often end the conversation prematurely

često bi preuranjeno prekinuo razgovor

for fear that he was taking up too much of your time.

iz straha da zauzima previše vašeg vremena.

But when he died at the age of 94,

Ali kada je umro u 94. godini

the police had to close down the streets of his neighborhood

policija je morala zatvoriti ulice u njegovom susjedstvu

to accommodate the crowd of people who came out to mourn him.

kako bi ih prilagodila masi ljudi

koja ga je došla oplakivati.

I tako ovih dana pokušavam učiti iz primjera svog djeda

And so these days I try to learn from my grandfather's example

na vlastiti način.

in my own way.

So I just published a book about introversion,

Objavila sam knjigu o introvertnosti,

and it took me about seven years to write.

trebalo mi je sedam godina da ju napišem.

And for me, that seven years was like total bliss,

Za mene je tih sedam godina bio pravi blagoslov

because I was reading, I was writing,

jer sam čitala, pisala,

I was thinking, I was researching.

razmišljala, istraživala.

It was my version

Bila je to moja verzija

of my grandfather's hours of the day alone in his library.

djedovog sata dnevno koji je provodio sam u knjižnici.

But now all of a sudden my job is very different,

Ali sada odjednom, moj posao je puno drugačiji,

and my job is to be out here talking about it,

moj posao je biti ovdje i govoriti o tome.

talking about introversion.

Govoriti o introvertiranosti.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

And that's a lot harder for me,

I to mi je puno teže

because as honored as I am to be here with all of you right now,

jer koliko god da sam počašćena

što sam ovdje s vama,

this is not my natural milieu.

to nije moje prirodno okruženje.

So I prepared for moments like these as best I could.

Pripremala sam se za trenutke poput ovih

najbolje što sam mogla.

I spent the last year practicing public speaking

Provela sam prošlu godinu vježbajući javno govorništvo

every chance I could get.

u svakoj prilici kojoj sam mogla.

And I call this my "year of speaking dangerously."

Zvala sam to svojom godinom opasnog govorništva.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

And that actually helped a lot.

I to je zapravo puno pomoglo.

But I'll tell you, what helps even more

Ali što mi pomaže još više

is my sense, my belief, my hope that when it comes to our attitudes

je moj osjećaj, moje vjerovanje, moja nada

da smo, kada se radi o našim stavovima,

to introversion and to quiet and to solitude,

našoj introvertiranosti, našoj samoći,

we truly are poised on the brink on dramatic change.

zaista spremni djelovati i na pragu dramatičnih promjena.

I mean, we are.

Hoću reći, zaista jesmo.

And so I am going to leave you now

Stoga ću vas sada napustiti

with three calls for action for those who share this vision.

uz tri poziva na djelovanje.

Za one koji dijele ovu viziju.

Number one:

Pod jedan:

Stop the madness for constant group work.

zaustavite ludilo za stalnim grupnim radom.

Just stop it.

Samo prestanite!

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

Thank you.

Hvala vam.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)

And I want to be clear about what I'm saying,

Želim biti jasna u onome što govorim

because I deeply believe our offices

jer zaista vjerujem da uredi

should be encouraging casual, chatty cafe-style types of interactions --

trebaju ohrabrivati

ležerne, razgovorljive vrste interakcija

you know, the kind where people come together

poput one u kafićima, gdje ljudi mogu doći

and serendipitously have an exchange of ideas.

i neusiljeno razmjenjivati ideje.

That is great.

To je sjajno,

It's great for introverts and it's great for extroverts.

sjajno za introverte i sjajno za ekstroverte.

But we need much more privacy and much more freedom

Ali na poslu trebamo puno više privatnosti, puno više slobode,

puno više samostalnosti.

and much more autonomy at work.

School, same thing.

Isto vrijedi i za škole.

We need to be teaching kids to work together, for sure,

Trebamo učiti djecu kako raditi zajedno,

but we also need to be teaching them how to work on their own.

ali moramo ih učiti i kako raditi samostalno.

Ovo je osobito važno i za ekstrovertiranu djecu,

This is especially important for extroverted children too.

moraju sama raditi

They need to work on their own

because that is where deep thought comes from in part.

jer od tamo, dijelom, dolaze duboke misli.

Pod dva: idite u divljinu,

Okay, number two: Go to the wilderness.

Be like Buddha, have your own revelations.

budite kao Buda, imajte vlastita otkrivenja.

I'm not saying

Ne govorim

that we all have to now go off and build our own cabins in the woods

da sada trebamo otići i izgraditi kolibe u šumama

and never talk to each other again,

i ne razgovarati više jedni s drugima.

but I am saying that we could all stand to unplug

Ali govorim kako bismo se mogli isključiti

and get inside our own heads a little more often.

i biti u svojim glavama

malo češće.

Number three:

Pod tri:

Take a good look at what's inside your own suitcase

pogledajte dobro što se nalazi u vašim vlastitim kovčezima

and why you put it there.

i zašto ste to tamo spremili.

So extroverts,

Ekstroverti,

maybe your suitcases are also full of books.

možda su vaši kovčezi također puni knjiga,

Or maybe they're full of champagne glasses or skydiving equipment.

ili čaša za šampanjac

ili opreme za skok padobranom.

Whatever it is, I hope you take these things out every chance you get

Što god da je, nadam se da ove predmete koristite što češće možete

and grace us with your energy and your joy.

i darujete nas svojom energijom i radošću.

But introverts, you being you,

Ali introverti, pošto ste vi takvi kakvi ste,

you probably have the impulse to guard very carefully

vjerojatno imate nagon da pomno čuvate

what's inside your own suitcase.

ono što je u vašim kovčezima.

And that's okay.

I to je u redu.

But occasionally, just occasionally,

Ali povremeno, samo povremeno

I hope you will open up your suitcases for other people to see,

nadam se da ćete otvoriti svoje kovčege drugim ljudima

because the world needs you and it needs the things you carry.

jer vas svijet treba i treba stvari koje nosite.

So I wish you the best of all possible journeys

Želim vam stoga sve najbolje od mogućih putovanja

and the courage to speak softly.

i hrabrost da govorite tiho.

Thank you very much.

Hvala vam puno.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)

Thank you. Thank you.

Hvala. Hvala.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)