The power of introverts | Susan Cain | TED

16,475,308 views ใƒป 2012-03-02

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Woo Hwang ๊ฒ€ํ† : Kyo young Chu
00:15
When I was nine years old,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„ํ™‰์‚ด ๋•Œ
00:17
I went off to summer camp for the first time.
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์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ๋ฆ„ ์บ ํ”„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:19
And my mother packed me a suitcase full of books,
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์—„๋งˆ๋Š” ์ฑ…๋“ค๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“์ฐฌ
๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ์„ ๊พธ๋ ค ์ฃผ์…จ์ฃ ,
00:23
which to me seemed like a perfectly natural thing to do.
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์ €์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ผ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:25
Because in my family, reading was the primary group activity.
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๊ฐ€์กฑ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ,
๋…์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์กฑ ์ผ๊ณผ์˜€๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
00:30
And this might sound antisocial to you,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฐ๊ฑด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ๋น„์‚ฌ๊ต์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
00:32
but for us it was really just a different way of being social.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๊ต์ ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:35
You have the animal warmth of your family sitting right next to you,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์˜†์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ์„œ
๋”ฐ๋œปํ•œ ์˜จ์ •์„ ๋Š๋‚„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
00:39
but you are also free to go roaming around the adventureland
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๋งˆ์Œ์†์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ชจํ—˜์˜ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋ฅผ
๋งˆ์Œ๊ป ๋Œ์•„ ๋‹ค๋‹์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:42
inside your own mind.
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00:43
And I had this idea
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์บ ํ”„๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ์‹์ผ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ 
00:45
that camp was going to be just like this, but better.
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์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์ฃ , ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ข€๋” ๋‚˜์€๊ฑธ๋ฃจ์š”.
00:47
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
00:50
I had a vision of 10 girls sitting in a cabin
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์ง๋งž์ถ˜ ์ž ์˜ท์„ ์ž…๊ณ  ์˜ค๋‘๋ง‰์— ์•‰์•„
00:53
cozily reading books in their matching nightgowns.
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ํŽธ์•ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ๋Š” 10๋ช…์˜ ์†Œ๋…€๋“ค์˜ ๋น„์ „์„ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:55
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
00:57
Camp was more like a keg party without any alcohol.
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์บ ํ”„๋Š” ๋งฅ์ฃผํŒŒํ‹ฐ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์†Œ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์› ์ง€๋งŒ ์ˆ ์€ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:00
And on the very first day,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งจ ์ฒซ๋‚ ,
01:03
our counselor gathered us all together
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์ƒ๋‹ด์ž๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ๋ชจ์•„ ๋†“๊ณ ,
01:05
and she taught us a cheer that she said we would be doing
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์—ฌ๋ฆ„๋‚ด๋‚ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์ผ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋ 
01:07
every day for the rest of the summer to instill camp spirit.
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์‘์›์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
์บ ํ”„์˜ ์ •์‹ ์„ ์ฃผ์ž…ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๋ชฉ์ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:11
And it went like this:
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์‘์›์ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ๊ฑฐ์˜€์–ด์š”.
01:13
"R-O-W-D-I-E,
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"R, O, W-D, I, E,
01:15
that's the way we spell rowdie.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ "rowdie"๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด์•ผ
01:17
Rowdie, rowdie, let's get rowdie."
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Rowdie, rowdie, ์†Œ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œ์ง€์ž! " (์ฃผ: rowdie- rowdy์˜ ์˜›๋‚  ํ‘œ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•)
01:20
(Laughter)
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01:22
Yeah.
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๋„ค.
01:24
So I couldn't figure out for the life of me
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์™œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์†Œ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€
01:26
why we were supposed to be so rowdy,
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์•„์ง๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์–ด์š”.
01:28
or why we had to spell this word incorrectly.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์™œ ์ฒ ์ž๋ฅผ ์ž˜ ๋ชป ์ผ๋Š”์ง€๋„์š”.(์›๋ž˜๋Š” Rowdy)
01:31
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
01:37
But I recited a cheer. I recited a cheer along with everybody else.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ์‘์›์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ž๊พธ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์„œ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:40
I did my best.
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์ตœ์„ ์„ ๋‹คํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
01:42
And I just waited for the time that I could go off and read my books.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋– ๋‚˜์„œ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์˜ค๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:47
But the first time that I took my book out of my suitcase,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ์—์„œ ์ฑ…์„ ๊บผ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ฒ˜์Œ์—,
์นจ์ƒ์— ์žˆ๋˜ ๋ฉ‹์žˆ๋Š” ์†Œ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์™€์„œ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:50
the coolest girl in the bunk came up to me
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"๋„ˆ๋Š” ์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋Š๊ธ‹ํ•˜๋‹ˆ?" --
01:52
and she asked me, "Why are you being so mellow?" --
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋Š๊ธ‹ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์€ ์†Œ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด(R, O, W, D, I, E) ๋‹จ์–ด์™€๋Š”
01:55
mellow, of course, being the exact opposite
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๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋ง์ด์ฃ .
01:57
of R-O-W-D-I-E.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ์ฑ…์„ ๊บผ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ณ  ํ• ๋•Œ,
01:59
And then the second time I tried it,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‹ด๋‹น์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฑ์ •์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์–ผ๊ตด๋กœ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์™€์„œ๋Š”,
02:01
the counselor came up to me with a concerned expression on her face
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์บ ํ”„ ์ •์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:04
and she repeated the point about camp spirit
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์™ธํ–ฅ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๊ต์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ
02:06
and said we should all work very hard to be outgoing.
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์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:09
And so I put my books away,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ฑ…์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ
02:12
back in their suitcase,
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๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ์— ๋„ฃ์—ˆ์ฃ ,
02:15
and I put them under my bed,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ์„ ์นจ๋Œ€ ๋ฐ‘์— ๋‘์—ˆ๊ณ ,
02:19
and there they stayed for the rest of the summer.
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๊ทธ ์ฑ…๋“ค์„ ์—ฌ๋ฆ„ ๋‚ด๋‚ด ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋‘์—ˆ์ฃ .
02:21
And I felt kind of guilty about this.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ํ–‰๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ฃ„์ฑ…๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์กŒ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:23
I felt as if the books needed me somehow,
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์–ด์จŒ๋“  ์ฑ…๋“ค์ด ๋งˆ์น˜ ์ €๋ฅผ ์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๊ผˆ๊ณ ,
02:25
and they were calling out to me and I was forsaking them.
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์ฑ…๋“ค์ด ์ €๋ฅผ ํ–ฅํ•ด ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ณค์„ํ…๋ฐ, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์™ธ๋ฉดํ•œ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
02:28
But I did forsake them and I didn't open that suitcase again
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ์ฑ…๋“ค์„ ์™ธ๋ฉดํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฐ€์กฑ์—๊ฒŒ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ„
์—ฌ๋ฆ„ ๋์ž๋ฝ๊นŒ์ง€
02:31
until I was back home with my family at the end of the summer.
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๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ์„ ์—ด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:34
Now, I tell you this story about summer camp.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋ฆ„ ์บ ํ”„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
02:37
I could have told you 50 others just like it --
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ 50๊ฐœ๋Š” ๋” ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. --
02:40
all the times that I got the message
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋Š”
02:42
that somehow my quiet and introverted style of being
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์™œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ์ง„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ, ์กฐ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์„ฑํ–ฅ์€
02:46
was not necessarily the right way to go,
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์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๊ณ ,
02:48
that I should be trying to pass as more of an extrovert.
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๊ทธ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์ €๋Š” ๋” ์™ธํ–ฅ์ ์ธ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:51
And I always sensed deep down that this was wrong
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒ๊ฐ์€ ์ž˜ ๋ชป ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
02:54
and that introverts were pretty excellent just as they were.
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๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ธ๋ฉด์€ ๊ทธ ์ž์ฒด๋กœ ์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์€๋ฉด์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ˆ˜๋…„๊ฐ„ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ €์˜ ์ง๊ด€์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ถ€ํ–ˆ์ฃ ,
02:57
But for years I denied this intuition,
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02:59
and so I became a Wall Street lawyer, of all things,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ๋ฐ”๋ž˜์™”๋˜ ์ž‘๊ฐ€์˜ ๊ธธ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Š”๋Œ€์‹ 
03:02
instead of the writer that I had always longed to be --
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์›”์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฌํŠธ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. --
03:05
partly because I needed to prove to myself that I could be bold and assertive too.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์šฉ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์ ๊ทน์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
์ฆ๋ช…ํ•  ํ•„์š”๋„ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
And I was always going off to crowded bars
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ทผ์‚ฌํ•œ ์ €๋…์„ ๋จน๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๋•Œ,
03:11
when I really would have preferred to just have a nice dinner with friends.
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์ €๋Š” ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์ˆ ์ง‘์œผ๋กœ ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋œจ๊ณคํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:14
And I made these self-negating choices so reflexively,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ž๊ธฐ ๋ฌด๋ ฅํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ ํƒ์„ ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
์•„์ฃผ ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
03:19
that I wasn't even aware that I was making them.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์กฐ์ฐจ๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:22
Now this is what many introverts do,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋งŽ์€ ๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:24
and it's our loss for sure,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์†ํ•ด์ด๊ณ ,
03:26
but it is also our colleagues' loss
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์ฃผ์œ„ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค์ด๋‚˜
03:28
and our communities' loss.
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๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€์„œ๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์ธ ์†ํ•ด์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:30
And at the risk of sounding grandiose, it is the world's loss.
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๊ณผ์žฅ์„ ์ข€ ํ•˜์ž๋ฉด, ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์†ํ•ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:33
Because when it comes to creativity and to leadership,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ฐฝ์˜์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ฆฌ๋”์‰ฝ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ,
03:36
we need introverts doing what they do best.
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์ž์‹ ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
03:39
A third to a half of the population are introverts --
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์ธ๊ตฌ์˜ 1/3์€ ๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. --
03:41
a third to a half.
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1/3์ด๋‚˜์š”.
03:43
So that's one out of every two or three people you know.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‘, ์„ธ๋ช…์ค‘ ํ•œ๋ช…์ด๋ž€ ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:46
So even if you're an extrovert yourself,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์€ ์™ธํ–ฅ์ ์ผ์ง€๋ผ๋„,
03:49
I'm talking about your coworkers
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์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค,
03:51
and your spouses and your children
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๋ฐฐ์šฐ์ž, ์•„์ด๋“ค, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์˜†์—
03:53
and the person sitting next to you right now --
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์•‰์•„์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๋งํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. --
03:56
all of them subject to this bias
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๊ทธ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์‚ฌํšŒ์—
03:58
that is pretty deep and real in our society.
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๊นŠ์ด ๋ฐ•ํ˜€์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ํŽธํ–ฅ์— ์‹œ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:00
We all internalize it from a very early age
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์„
04:03
without even having a language for what we're doing.
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๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š”์ฑ„๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํŽธํ–ฅ์„ ๋‚ด๋ฉดํ™”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:06
Now, to see the bias clearly,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ํŽธํ–ฅ์„ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๊ธฐ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ,
04:08
you need to understand what introversion is.
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๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:11
It's different from being shy.
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์ด๊ฑด ๋ถ€๋„๋Ÿฌ์›Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:13
Shyness is about fear of social judgment.
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๋ถ€๋„๋Ÿฌ์›€์€ ์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์ธ ํŒ๋‹จ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‘๋ ค์›€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:15
Introversion is more about,
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๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€,
04:17
how do you respond to stimulation,
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์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ž๊ทน์„ ํฌํ•จํ•ด์„œ
04:19
including social stimulation.
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์ž๊ทน์— ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•˜๋Š๋ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:21
So extroverts really crave large amounts of stimulation,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์™ธํ–ฅ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋งŽ์€ ์ž๊ทน๋“ค์„ ๊ฐˆ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
04:24
whereas introverts feel at their most alive
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— ๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
04:26
and their most switched-on and their most capable
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์กฐ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ , ์ ˆ์ œ๋œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ
04:28
when they're in quieter, more low-key environments.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ƒ๋™๊ฐ์žˆ๊ณ , ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋Š๋‚๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ํ•ญ์ƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ -- ์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์ด์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ฃ . --
04:31
Not all the time -- these things aren't absolute --
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋Š๋‚๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:33
but a lot of the time.
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04:34
So the key then to maximizing our talents
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜
์žฌ๋Šฅ์„ ๊ทน๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
04:39
is for us all to put ourselves
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๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋งž์€
04:41
in the zone of stimulation that is right for us.
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์ž๊ทน์ ์ธ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋ณด๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
04:44
But now here's where the bias comes in.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฐ๊ณณ์—์„œ ํŽธํ–ฅ์ด ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:46
Our most important institutions,
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ธ
04:48
our schools and our workplaces,
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ํ•™๊ต์™€ ์ง์žฅ์€
04:50
they are designed mostly for extroverts
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์™ธํ–ฅ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด๋‚˜ ์™ธํ–ฅ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜
04:52
and for extroverts' need for lots of stimulation.
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๋งŽ์€ ์ž๊ทน์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•„์š”์— ๋งž๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:55
And also we have this belief system right now
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๋˜ํ•œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ง‘๋‹จ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š”
04:59
that I call the new groupthink,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹ ๋…์ฒด๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
05:01
which holds that all creativity and all productivity
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๋ชจ๋“  ์ฐฝ์˜์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์€ ์•„์ฃผ ํŠน์ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ๊ต์ ์ธ ์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ
05:04
comes from a very oddly gregarious place.
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๋‚˜์˜จ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:09
So if you picture the typical classroom nowadays:
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์š”์ฆ˜์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ต์‹ค์„ ๊ทธ๋ ค๋ณด๋ฉด:
05:11
When I was going to school, we sat in rows.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋‹๋•Œ๋Š”,
์—ด์„ ๋งž์ถ”์–ด ์•‰์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:15
We sat in rows of desks like this,
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์ฑ…์ƒ์— ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ค„ ๋งž์ถ”์–ด ์•‰์•˜์—ˆ๊ณ ,
05:17
and we did most of our work pretty autonomously.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ํ•™์—…์„ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๊ฐ€ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:19
But nowadays, your typical classroom has pods of desks --
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์š”์ฆ˜ ๊ต์‹ค์— ์ฑ…์ƒ๋“ค์€
์„œ๋กœ ๋ถ™์–ด์žˆ์ฃ  --
05:23
four or five or six or seven kids all facing each other.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ 4๋ช…, 5๋ช…, 6๋ช… ๋˜๋Š” 7๋ช… ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋กœ ๋งˆ์ฃผ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
05:26
And kids are working in countless group assignments.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์ด ๋งŽ์€ ์กฐ๋ณ„๊ณผ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
Even in subjects like math and creative writing,
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๊ฐ์ž์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์— ์˜์กดํ•˜๋Š”
05:31
which you think would depend on solo flights of thought,
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์ˆ˜ํ•™์ด๋‚˜ ์ž‘๋ฌธ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณผ๋ชฉ๋„ ์กฐ๋ณ„๋กœ ๊ณผ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:34
kids are now expected to act as committee members.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ์œ„์›ํšŒ์˜ ๋ฉค๋ฒ„์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ƒํ™œํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜์ฃ .
05:38
And for the kids who prefer to go off by themselves or just to work alone,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ํ˜ผ์ž ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ
ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€
05:42
those kids are seen as outliers often
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์ข…์ข… ํŠน์ดํ•œ ์•„์ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
05:44
or, worse, as problem cases.
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๋” ๋‚˜์œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์•„๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ต์‚ฌ๋“ค์€
05:49
And the vast majority of teachers
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05:50
reports believing that the ideal student is an extrovert
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์™ธํ–ฅ์ ์ธ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ด์ƒ์ ์ด๊ณ ,
05:53
as opposed to an introvert,
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๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ธ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:55
even though introverts actually get better grades
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ธ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด
05:57
and are more knowledgeable,
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์„ฑ์ ๋„ ์ข‹๊ณ , ๋งŽ์€ ์ง€์‹์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š”
05:59
according to research.
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์กฐ์‚ฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ๋„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
06:01
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
06:03
Okay, same thing is true in our workplaces.
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๋„ค, ์ง์žฅ์—์„œ๋„ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:06
Now, most of us work in open plan offices,
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฒฝ์ด ์—†๋Š”
06:09
without walls,
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์—ด๋ฆฐ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์—์„œ ์ผ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:11
where we are subject to the constant noise and gaze of our coworkers.
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์ง€์†์ ์ธ ์†Œ์Œ๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค์˜
์‹œ์„ ์„ ๊ณ„์† ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ฉด์„œ์š”.
06:15
And when it comes to leadership,
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๋ฆฌ๋”์‹ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ,
06:17
introverts are routinely passed over for leadership positions,
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๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ง€๋„์ž๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์กฐ์‹ฌ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ 
06:20
even though introverts tend to be very careful,
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ํฐ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ๊ฐ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ธ๋ฐ๋„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
06:22
much less likely to take outsize risks --
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์š”์ฆ˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด์ฃ .
06:24
which is something we might all favor nowadays.
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06:27
And interesting research by Adam Grant at the Wharton School
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์™€ํŠผ์Šค์ฟจ(๋น„์ง€๋‹ˆ์Šค ์Šค์ฟจ)์˜ ์•„๋‹ด ๊ทธ๋žœํŠธ๋Š”
06:30
has found that introverted leaders
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๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์ง€๋„์ž๋“ค์ด ์ข…์ข… ์™ธํ–ฅ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋ณด๋‹ค
06:32
often deliver better outcomes than extroverts do,
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๋” ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ณ๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:34
because when they are managing proactive employees,
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๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋Šฅ๋™์ ์ธ ์ง์›์„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•  ๋•Œ,
06:37
they're much more likely to let those employees run with their ideas,
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์ง์›๋“ค์ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๋” ์ž˜ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ,
06:40
whereas an extrovert can, quite unwittingly,
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— ์™ธํ–ฅ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
06:42
get so excited about things
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๋„์žฅ์„ ์ฐ๋Š” ์ผ์—๋Š” ์ž์‹ ๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ
06:44
that they're putting their own stamp on things,
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๋งค์šฐ ํฅ๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ณ 
06:46
and other people's ideas might not as easily then bubble up to the surface.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์€ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ
์ˆ˜๋ฉด ์œ„๋กœ ๋‚˜์˜ค์ง€ ์•Š์„๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:51
Now in fact, some of our transformative leaders in history have been introverts.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์—ญ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ๊ฐœํ˜์ ์ธ ์ง€๋„์ž๋“ค์€ ๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋ช‡๋ช‡ ๋ถ„๋“ค์„ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ฃ .
06:55
I'll give you some examples.
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06:56
Eleanor Roosevelt, Rosa Parks, Gandhi --
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์—˜๋ ˆ๋…ธ์–ด ๋ฃจ์ฆˆ๋ฒจํŠธ, ๋กœ์ž ํŒ์Šค, ๊ฐ„๋”” -
06:59
all these people described themselves as quiet and soft-spoken and even shy.
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“ ๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ์ž์‹ ์„
์กฐ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ˆ˜์ค์Œ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ํƒ„๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ‘œํ˜„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:04
And they all took the spotlight,
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๊ทธ๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ๋ชธ์—์„œ๋Š”
07:06
even though every bone in their bodies was telling them not to.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์ง€ ๋ง๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์‹œ์„ ์ง‘์ค‘์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:11
And this turns out to have a special power all its own,
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์ด๊ฑด ๊ทธ๋งŒํผ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ํž˜์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š”๊ฑธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ง€๋„์ž๋“ค์ด ์กฐ์ง์˜ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ง€
07:14
because people could feel that these leaders were at the helm
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๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์ง€๋„ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฑธ ์ฆ๊ธฐ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
07:17
not because they enjoyed directing others
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๋‚จ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ง€๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์—์„œ ๊ธฐ์จ์„ ๋Š๋‚€๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
07:19
and not out of the pleasure of being looked at;
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๊ทธ๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋Œ€๋กœ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜ณ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‹ ๋… ์ด์™ธ์—
07:21
they were there because they had no choice,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„ ํƒ์˜ ์—ฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:23
because they were driven to do what they thought was right.
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07:26
Now I think at this point it's important for me to say
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์ด์ฏค์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ €๋Š” ์™ธํ–ฅ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„
07:29
that I actually love extroverts.
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์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์”€ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋Š”๊ฒŒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋„ค์š”.
07:32
I always like to say some of my best friends are extroverts,
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์ €๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ œ ์นœํ•œ ์นœ๊ตฌ ์ค‘ ๋ช‡ ๋ช…๊ณผ ์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋‚จํŽธ์ด
07:35
including my beloved husband.
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์™ธํ–ฅ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š”๊ฑธ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:39
And we all fall at different points, of course,
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์—์„œ ์™ธํ–ฅ์ ๊นŒ์ง€
07:41
along the introvert/extrovert spectrum.
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์„ฑํ–ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:44
Even Carl Jung, the psychologist who first popularized these terms,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ๋Œ€์ค‘ํ™”ํ•œ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•™์ž ์นผ ์œต์€
07:47
said that there's no such thing as a pure introvert
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์ˆœ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์™ธํ–ฅ์ ์ธ๊ฒƒ์€
์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:50
or a pure extrovert.
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07:51
He said that such a man would be in a lunatic asylum,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ •์‹ ๋ณ‘์›์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ”์„๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:54
if he existed at all.
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07:56
And some people fall smack in the middle of the introvert/extrovert spectrum,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
๋‚ด์„ฑ๊ณผ ์™ธํ–ฅ์˜ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์ •๋„์˜ ์„ฑํ–ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
08:00
and we call these people ambiverts.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์–‘ํ–ฅ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์ž๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:02
And I often think that they have the best of all worlds.
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์ €๋Š” ์ข…์ข… ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ์ตœ๊ณ ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:06
But many of us do recognize ourselves as one type or the other.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์™ธํ–ฅ์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‘˜ ์ค‘์— ํ•˜๋‚˜์ฃ .
08:09
And what I'm saying is that culturally, we need a much better balance.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌธํ™”์ ์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋” ๊ท ํ˜•์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•ด์•ผํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:12
We need more of a yin and yang between these two types.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋‘๊ฐ€์ง€ ์„ฑํ–ฅ ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ์˜
๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์Œ๊ณผ ์–‘์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:16
This is especially important
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฐฝ์˜์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ด€ ๋  ๋•Œ๋Š”,
08:18
when it comes to creativity and to productivity,
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ํŠนํžˆ ๋” ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:20
because when psychologists look at the lives of the most creative people,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ฐฝ์˜์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜
์‚ถ๋“ค์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋‹ˆ
08:24
what they find
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
08:26
are people who are very good at exchanging ideas
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์ง„๋ณด์ ์ธ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๊ตํ™˜ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ์—
08:28
and advancing ideas,
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๋งค์šฐ ๋Šฅํ†ตํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
08:30
but who also have a serious streak of introversion in them.
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๋˜ํ•œ ๋‚ด์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:33
And this is because solitude
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ณ ๋…์€
08:35
is a crucial ingredient often to creativity.
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์ฐฝ์˜์„ฑ์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์š”์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:37
So Darwin,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ฐฐ์Šค ๋‹ค์œˆ์€,
08:39
he took long walks alone in the woods
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ํ™€๋กœ ์ˆฒ ์†์„ ๊ฑฐ๋‹์—ˆ๊ณ ,
08:41
and emphatically turned down dinner-party invitations.
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๋‹จํ˜ธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ €๋… ์‹์‚ฌ ํŒŒํ‹ฐ์˜ ์ดˆ์ฒญ์„ ๊ฑฐ์ ˆํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:44
Theodor Geisel, better known as Dr. Seuss,
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๋‹ฅํ„ฐ ์ˆ˜์Šค๋กœ ๋” ์ž˜์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ํ…Œ์–ด๋„๋ฅด ๊ฐ€์ด์ ค์€
08:47
he dreamed up many of his amazing creations
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์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„์˜ ๋ผ ํ˜ธ์ด์•„์—
08:49
in a lonely bell tower office that he had
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๊ทธ์˜ ์ง‘ ์ •์›์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ข…ํƒ‘ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์—์„œ
08:51
in the back of his house in La Jolla, California.
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ํ™€๋กœ ๊ทธ์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ฐฝ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฟˆ๊ฟจ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:54
And he was actually afraid to meet the young children who read his books
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ์€
์ Š์€์ด๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ธธ ๊บผ๋ คํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
08:58
for fear that they were expecting him this kind of jolly Santa Claus-like figure
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๊ทธ ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ์ž์‹ ์„ ์ฑ…์— ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š”
์œ ์พŒํ•œ ์‚ฐํƒ€ํด๋กœ์Šค๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ• ๊นŒ๋ด ๊ทธ๋žฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:02
and would be disappointed with his more reserved persona.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ˆจ๊ฒจ์ง„ ๋˜๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชจ์Šต์— ์‹ค๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:06
Steve Wozniak invented the first Apple computer
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์Šคํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ ์›Œ์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์•…์€ ์ž์‹ ์ด
09:08
sitting alone in his cubicle in Hewlett-Packard
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์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋˜ ํœด๋ ›ํŒฉ์ปค๋“œ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์— ํ˜ผ์ž ์•‰์•„ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด์„œ
์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์• ํ”Œ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:11
where he was working at the time.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ž๋ž„ ๋•Œ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ด์–ด์„œ
09:13
And he says that he never would have become such an expert in the first place
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์ง‘์„ ๋– ๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์–ด ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ง€
09:16
had he not been too introverted to leave the house
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๋ชป ํ•  ์ค„ ์•Œ์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
09:19
when he was growing up.
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๊ณ 
09:21
Now, of course,
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09:23
this does not mean that we should all stop collaborating --
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ํ˜‘์—…ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง๊ณ  ํ˜ผ์ž์„œ ์ผํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š”๊ฑด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:26
and case in point, is Steve Wozniak famously coming together with Steve Jobs
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์ข‹์€ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋กœ, ์Šคํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ ์›Œ์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์•…์€ ์Šคํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ ์žก์Šค๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์„œ
09:29
to start Apple Computer --
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์• ํ”Œ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ฐฝ์—…ํ–ˆ์ฃ  --
09:32
but it does mean that solitude matters
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณ ๋…์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๋Š”
09:35
and that for some people it is the air that they breathe.
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์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ณ 
ํ˜ธํกํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณต๊ธฐ์™€๋„ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:39
And in fact, we have known for centuries about the transcendent power of solitude.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์˜ค๋žฌ๋™์•ˆ
๊ณ ๋…์˜ ํƒ์›”ํ•œ ํž˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:45
It's only recently that we've strangely begun to forget it.
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์ด์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋„ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์žŠ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ตœ๊ทผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:48
If you look at most of the world's major religions,
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์„ธ์ƒ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์ข…๊ต๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด,
09:51
you will find seekers --
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๊ตฌ์›์ž๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์ฃ  --
09:53
Moses, Jesus, Buddha, Muhammad --
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๋ชจ์„ธ, ์˜ˆ์ˆ˜, ๋ถ€์ฒ˜, ๋ชจํ•˜๋ฉ”๋“œ --
09:56
seekers who are going off by themselves alone to the wilderness,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ตฌ์›์ž๋“ค์€
๊ด‘์•ผ๋กœ ํ™€๋กœ ๋– ๋‚˜์ง€๋งŒ
10:00
where they then have profound epiphanies and revelations
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์‹ ์˜ ๊ณ„์‹œ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด
10:02
that they then bring back to the rest of the community.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋Œ์•„์˜ค๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:05
So, no wilderness, no revelations.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ด‘์•ผ๋„, ๊ณ„์‹œ๋„ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:09
This is no surprise, though,
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ํ˜„๋Œ€ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•™์—์„œ ์ฃผ๋Š” ์˜๊ฐ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด
10:11
if you look at the insights of contemporary psychology.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ๊ฑด ๋ณ„๋กœ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ผ๋„ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:14
It turns out that we can't even be in a group of people
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๋ณธ๋Šฅ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‰๋‚ด๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๊ณ , ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด
10:17
without instinctively mirroring, mimicking their opinions.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๋ชจ์ž„์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑด ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:20
Even about seemingly personal and visceral things
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
10:22
like who you're attracted to,
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์™ธ๋ชจ์ƒ์œผ๋กœ๋‚˜ ๋ณธ๋Šฅ์ ์ธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„,
10:24
you will start aping the beliefs of the people around you
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ฌด์Šจ ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋ฉด์„œ
10:27
without even realizing that that's what you're doing.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์ฃผ์œ„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ํ‰๋‚ด๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:29
And groups famously follow the opinions
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ง€๋ฐฐ์ ์ด๊ณ 
10:32
of the most dominant or charismatic person in the room,
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์นด๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ฃ .
10:34
even though there's zero correlation
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๋ง์„ ์ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ์ข‹์€ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ ์‚ฌ์ด์—๋Š”
10:36
between being the best talker and having the best ideas --
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์•„๋ฌด๋Ÿฐ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š”๋ฐ๋„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
10:39
I mean zero.
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์™„์ „ํžˆ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:41
So --
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ...
10:43
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
10:45
You might be following the person with the best ideas,
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
10:48
but you might not.
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์•„๋‹์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:50
And do you really want to leave it up to chance?
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์šฐ์—ฐ์— ๋งก๊ธฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์œผ์„ธ์š”?
10:53
Much better for everybody to go off by themselves,
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๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ™€๋กœ ๊ฐ€์„œ ๋” ์ž˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
10:55
generate their own ideas
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์ง‘๋‹จ์˜ ํ–‰๋™์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ์™œ๊ณก๋œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์„
10:57
freed from the distortions of group dynamics,
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ํƒˆํ”ผํ•˜๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:59
and then come together as a team
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ ํ•œํŒ€์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจ์—ฌ์„œ
11:01
to talk them through in a well-managed environment
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์ž˜ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ 
11:04
and take it from there.
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด๋„ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
11:06
Now if all this is true,
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋ผ๋ฉด,
11:08
then why are we getting it so wrong?
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์™œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ž˜๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
11:11
Why are we setting up our schools this way, and our workplaces?
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์™œ ํ•™๊ต๋‚˜ ์ง์žฅ์„ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์™œ ๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ˜ผ์ž์„œ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒŒ
11:14
And why are we making these introverts feel so guilty
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์ฃ„๋ฅผ ์ง“๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋Š๋ผ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊นŒ์š”?
11:16
about wanting to just go off by themselves some of the time?
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11:19
One answer lies deep in our cultural history.
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ํ•œ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ต์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฌธํ™”์  ์—ญ์‚ฌ ์†์— ๊นŠ์ด ์ˆจ์–ด์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:22
Western societies,
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์„œ์–‘ ์‚ฌํšŒ,
11:24
and in particular the U.S.,
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ํŠนํžˆ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์€
11:26
have always favored the man of action over the "man" of contemplation.
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š”
ํ™œ๋™์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” "๋‚จ์ž" ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
11:34
But in America's early days,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ดˆ์ฐฝ๊ธฐ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š”
11:37
we lived in what historians call a culture of character,
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์—ญ์‚ฌํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ์„ฑํ–ฅ์˜ ๋ฌธํ™”๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ์‹œ๋Œ€์— ์‚ด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:40
where we still, at that point, valued people
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๊ทธ ๋‹น์‹œ์—๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‚ด๋ฉด์„ฑ์ด๋‚˜
11:42
for their inner selves and their moral rectitude.
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์œค๋ฆฌ์  ์ฒญ๋ ด์— ๋” ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๋‘์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:45
And if you look at the self-help books from this era,
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์š”์ฆ˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜ ์ž๊ธฐ์ฒ˜์„ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฑ…์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด์š”,
11:47
they all had titles with things like
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๋ชจ๋“  ์ฑ…์˜ ์ œ๋ชฉ๋“ค์ด
11:49
"Character, the Grandest Thing in the World."
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"์„ฑ๊ฒฉ, ์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ" ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:52
And they featured role models like Abraham Lincoln,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฒธ์†ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ ์นญ์†ก๋ฐ›์€ ์•„๋ธŒ๋ผํ•จ ๋ง์ปจ์„
11:55
who was praised for being modest and unassuming.
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๋กค๋ชจ๋ธ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:57
Ralph Waldo Emerson called him
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๋ž„ํ”„ ์™ˆ๋„ ์—๋จธ์Šจ์€ ๋ง์ปจ์„
11:59
"A man who does not offend by superiority."
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"์šฐ์›”์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต๊ฒฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ" ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:02
But then we hit the 20th century,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 20์„ธ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ณ 
12:05
and we entered a new culture
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์—ญ์‚ฌํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ๊ฐœ์„ฑ์˜ ๋ฌธํ™”๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š”
12:07
that historians call the culture of personality.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฌธํ™”์‹œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ ‘์–ด ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:09
What happened is we had evolved an agricultural economy
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋†์—…๊ฒฝ์ œ ์‹œ๋Œ€์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•˜์—ฌ
๋Œ€๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:12
to a world of big business.
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12:13
And so suddenly people are moving from small towns to the cities.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ์ž‘์€ ๋งˆ์„์—์„œ
๋„์‹œ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:17
And instead of working alongside people they've known all their lives,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ‰์ƒ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์ง€๋‚ด๋˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ์ผํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
12:20
now they are having to prove themselves in a crowd of strangers.
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๋‚ฏ์„  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ํ‹ˆ์—์„œ
์ž์‹ ์„ ์ฆ๋ช…ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์‚ด์•„์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:24
So, quite understandably,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์•„์ฃผ ๋‹น์—ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋„,
12:26
qualities like magnetism and charisma suddenly come to seem really important.
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๋งค๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์นด๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ž์งˆ์ด
๊ฐ‘์ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์•„์ฃผ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:30
And sure enough, the self-help books change to meet these new needs
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ฒ˜์„ธ์ˆ  ์ฑ…๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์„ ๋งŒ์กฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ ,
12:33
and they start to have names
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"์ฒ˜์„ธ์ˆ ๊ณผ ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ด€๊ณ„๋ก " ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€
12:35
like "How to Win Friends and Influence People."
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์ œ๋ชฉ์„ ๋‹ฌ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:37
And they feature as their role models really great salesmen.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋กค๋ชจ๋ธ๋กœ
์ •๋ง ์œ„๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ธ์ผ์ฆˆ๋งจ์„ ํƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:42
So that's the world we're living in today.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์„ธ์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:44
That's our cultural inheritance.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ฌธํ™” ์œ ์‚ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:48
Now none of this is to say that social skills are unimportant,
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๊ทธ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์‚ฌ๊ต ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด
์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:53
and I'm also not calling for the abolishing of teamwork at all.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ์ฒด์ •์‹ ์„
์—†์•  ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ์ž๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:58
The same religions who send their sages off to lonely mountain tops
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์‚ฐ๊ผญ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๋กœ ์™ธ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ํ˜„์ž๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ธ ์ข…๊ต ๋˜ํ•œ
13:01
also teach us love and trust.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘๊ณผ ๋ฏฟ์Œ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:04
And the problems that we are facing today
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ๊ณผํ•™์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™์—์„œ
13:06
in fields like science and in economics
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์ง๋ฉดํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์€
13:08
are so vast and so complex
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ณต์žกํ•ด์„œ
13:10
that we are going to need armies of people coming together
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ชจ์—ฌ์„œ
ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:13
to solve them working together.
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13:14
But I am saying that the more freedom that we give introverts to be themselves,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์ž์œ ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋ฉด ์ค„์ˆ˜๋ก
๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋” ์ข‹์€ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„
13:18
the more likely that they are
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13:19
to come up with their own unique solutions to these problems.
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์ œ์‹œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:24
So now I'd like to share with you what's in my suitcase today.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜
์ œ ๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์—ด์–ด ๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:33
Guess what?
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๋ญ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋งž์ถฐ ๋ณด์‹ค๋ž˜์š”?
13:35
Books.
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์ฑ…๋“ค.
13:37
I have a suitcase full of books.
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์ œ ๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ์€ ์ฑ…๋“ค๋กœ ๊ฝ‰ ์ฐจ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:39
Here's Margaret Atwood, "Cat's Eye."
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋งˆ๊ฐ€๋ › ์•ณ์šฐ๋“œ์˜ "๊ณ ์–‘์ด ๋ˆˆ" ์ด๋„ค์š”.
13:41
Here's a novel by Milan Kundera.
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์ด๊ฑด ๋ฐ€๋ž€ ์ฟค๋ฐ๋ผ์˜ ์†Œ์„ค์ด๊ตฌ์š”.
13:44
And here's "The Guide for the Perplexed" by Maimonides.
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์ด ์ฑ…์€
"๋‹นํ˜นํ•œ ์ด๋“ค์˜ ์œ„ํ•œ ์•ˆ๋‚ด์„œ" ๊ตฌ์š”.
13:49
But these are not exactly my books.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ด ์ฑ…๋“ค์€ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ด์„œ ์ œ ์ฑ…๋“ค์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:52
I brought these books with me
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์ œ ํ• ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์…จ๋˜ ์ž‘๊ฐ€๋“ค์˜
13:54
because they were written by my grandfather's favorite authors.
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์ฑ…๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:58
My grandfather was a rabbi
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์ œ ํ• ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” ๋ž๋น„์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:00
and he was a widower
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ž๋ž„ ๋•Œ
14:02
who lived alone in a small apartment in Brooklyn
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์ œ์ผ ์ข‹์•„ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋ธŒ๋ฃจํด๋ฆฐ์˜ ์ž‘์€ ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ์—์„œ
14:05
that was my favorite place in the world when I was growing up,
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ํ˜ผ์ž ์ง€๋‚ด์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:08
partly because it was filled with his very gentle, very courtly presence
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๊ทธ ์ง‘์€ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ฒธ์†ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณต์†ํ•จ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ ,
14:11
and partly because it was filled with books.
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์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ์ฑ…์œผ๋กœ ์ฑ„์›Œ์ ธ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์ข‹์•„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:14
I mean literally every table, every chair in this apartment
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์ œ ๋ง์€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ์˜ ํƒ์ƒ๊ณผ ์˜์ž๋Š”
14:17
had yielded its original function
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์ฑ… ๋ฌด๋”๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”
14:19
to now serve as a surface for swaying stacks of books.
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๋ณธ์—ฐ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:22
Just like the rest of my family,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹๊ตฌ๋“ค ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ,
14:24
my grandfather's favorite thing to do in the whole world was to read.
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์ œ ํ• ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€์˜ ์ผ์ƒ ๋™์•ˆ์˜ ์ทจ๋ฏธ๋Š” ๋…์„œ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:27
But he also loved his congregation,
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๊ทธ๋ถ„์€ ์‹ ์ž๋“ค๋„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์…”์„œ
14:30
and you could feel this love in the sermons that he gave
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๋ž๋น„๋กœ ์‚ด์•„์˜ค์‹  62๋…„๋™์•ˆ ๋งค์ฃผ ํ•˜์…จ๋˜
14:33
every week for the 62 years that he was a rabbi.
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์„ค๊ต์—์„œ๋„ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์„ ๋Š๋‚„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:37
He would takes the fruits of each week's reading
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๋งค์ฃผ ๋…์„œ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๊ณผ์ผ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค์…”์„œ
14:40
and he would weave
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๊ณ ๋Œ€ ์ธ๋ฌธ์ฃผ์˜์ž๋“ค์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์˜ ์ฒœ์„ ์งœ ๋งž์ถ”์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:41
these intricate tapestries of ancient and humanist thought.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋ถ„์˜
14:44
And people would come from all over to hear him speak.
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์„ค๊ต๋ฅผ ๋“ค์„๋ ค๊ณ  ์˜ค์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:47
But here's the thing about my grandfather.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ œ ํ• ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์–ต์ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒŒ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
์ด๋Ÿฐ ์˜์‹์ ์ธ ์—ญํ•  ํ•˜์—์„œ,
14:51
Underneath this ceremonial role,
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14:52
he was really modest and really introverted --
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๊ทธ๋ถ„์€ ์ •๋ง๊ณ  ๊ฒธ์†ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ด์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค --
14:55
so much so that when he delivered these sermons,
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์„ค๊ต๋ฅผ ํ•˜์‹ค๋•Œ๋Š” ๋”์šฑ ๋” ๊ทธ๋žฌ์–ด์š”,
14:58
he had trouble making eye contact
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62๋…„๋™์•ˆ ์„ค๊ต๋ฅผ ๋“ค์€
15:00
with the very same congregation that he had been speaking to for 62 years.
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๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ์‹ ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋„
๋ˆˆ์„ ๋ชป ๋งˆ์ฃผ์น˜์…จ์–ด์š”.
15:04
And even away from the podium,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ธ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด
15:06
when you called him to say hello,
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์—ฐ๋‹จ์—์„œ ๋‚ด๋ ค์˜ค๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์…จ๊ณ ,
15:08
he would often end the conversation prematurely
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์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฐฉ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋บ์„๊นŒ๋ด์„œ
15:10
for fear that he was taking up too much of your time.
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๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์— ๋Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์ข…์ข… ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:14
But when he died at the age of 94,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ถ„์ด 94์„ธ์˜ ๋‚˜์ด๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์…จ์„ ๋•Œ,
15:17
the police had to close down the streets of his neighborhood
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๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ด ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ๋„๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋ด‰์‡„ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
15:20
to accommodate the crowd of people who came out to mourn him.
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋ถ„์„ ์ถ”๋ชจํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ
๋ชจ์˜€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ์ €๋Š” ์ œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ
15:27
And so these days I try to learn from my grandfather's example
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ํ• ์•„๋ฒ„๋‹˜์˜ ๋ณธ๋ณด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:30
in my own way.
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15:31
So I just published a book about introversion,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ฑ…์„ ์ถœํŒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:34
and it took me about seven years to write.
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์ง‘ํ•„ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋Œ€๋žต 7๋…„์ •๋„ ๊ฑธ๋ ธ์–ด์š”.
15:36
And for me, that seven years was like total bliss,
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์ €์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ 7๋…„์€ ์ •๋ง ํ–‰๋ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:39
because I was reading, I was writing,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋…์„œํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ณ ,
15:42
I was thinking, I was researching.
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ , ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:44
It was my version
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์ด ์ฑ…์€ ์ œ ํ• ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๊ฐ€ ์„œ์žฌ์—์„œ ๋ณด๋‚ด์‹ 
15:46
of my grandfather's hours of the day alone in his library.
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์™ธ๋กœ์šด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ œ ๋ฒ„์ „์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:49
But now all of a sudden my job is very different,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์ œ ์ผ์€ ์•„์ฃผ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:52
and my job is to be out here talking about it,
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์ œ ์ผ์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋‚˜์™€์„œ ๋งํ•˜๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
15:55
talking about introversion.
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๋‚ด์„ฑ์  ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
15:58
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
16:02
And that's a lot harder for me,
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ €์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:04
because as honored as I am to be here with all of you right now,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์— ์˜๊ด‘์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ๋„
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
16:08
this is not my natural milieu.
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์ €์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:11
So I prepared for moments like these as best I could.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ค๋žฌ๋™์•ˆ ์ตœ์„ ์„ ๋‹คํ•ด์„œ
์ด ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์„ ์ค€๋น„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:15
I spent the last year practicing public speaking
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค
16:17
every chance I could get.
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์ง€๋‚œ 1๋…„๊ฐ„ ๋Œ€์ค‘ ์•ž์—์„œ ์—ฐ์„คํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:19
And I call this my "year of speaking dangerously."
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์ €๋Š” ์ง€๋‚œ ํ•œ ํ•ด๋ฅผ "์œ„ํ—˜์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ์„คํ•˜๋Š” ํ•ด"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:22
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
16:24
And that actually helped a lot.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์€ ๋„์›€์„ ์คฌ์–ด์š”.
16:26
But I'll tell you, what helps even more
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋” ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š”๊ฒƒ์€
16:28
is my sense, my belief, my hope that when it comes to our attitudes
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์ œ ๊ฐ๊ฐ, ๋ฏฟ์Œ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํฌ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์ด๋‚˜,
16:33
to introversion and to quiet and to solitude,
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์กฐ์šฉํ•จ, ๊ณ ๋…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ž์„ธ๊ฐ€ ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
16:35
we truly are poised on the brink on dramatic change.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง„์ •์œผ๋กœ ๊ทน์ ์ธ ๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์„ ๋งž๊ฒŒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:37
I mean, we are.
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์ œ ๋ง์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
16:39
And so I am going to leave you now
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋น„์ „์„
16:41
with three calls for action for those who share this vision.
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๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ„๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
์ด๋Ÿฐ ์„ธ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ–‰๋™๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋™์ฐธ์„ ๋ถ€ํƒ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:45
Number one:
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์ฒซ์งธ :
16:47
Stop the madness for constant group work.
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์ง€์†์ ์ธ ์ง‘๋‹จ ์ž‘์—…์„ ๊ด‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง์•˜์œผ๋ฉด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:49
Just stop it.
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๊ทธ๋งŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
16:51
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
16:54
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:56
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
16:58
And I want to be clear about what I'm saying,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋” ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€๋ฐ์š”,
17:00
because I deeply believe our offices
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ง์žฅ์ด ๊ฐ„ํŽธํ•˜๊ณ 
17:02
should be encouraging casual, chatty cafe-style types of interactions --
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์นดํŽ˜์—์„œ ์ˆ˜๋‹ค๋–จ๋“ฏ์ด
ํŽธ์•ˆํ•œ ์ƒํ˜ธ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ถŒ์žฅํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. --
17:06
you know, the kind where people come together
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ชจ์—ฌ์„œ ์šฐ์—ฐํžˆ
17:08
and serendipitously have an exchange of ideas.
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์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๊ฑฐ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
17:10
That is great.
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์™„์ „ ์ข‹์ฃ .
17:12
It's great for introverts and it's great for extroverts.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‚˜ ์™ธํ–ฅ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ๋‚˜ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ข‹์•„์š”.
17:14
But we need much more privacy and much more freedom
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง์žฅ์—์„œ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ์ƒํ™œ๊ณผ ์ž์œ ,
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ž๋ฆฝ์‹ฌ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:17
and much more autonomy at work.
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17:18
School, same thing.
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ํ•™๊ต๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:20
We need to be teaching kids to work together, for sure,
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ํ•™๊ต๋Š” ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ž˜ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ๊ต์œกํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:23
but we also need to be teaching them how to work on their own.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ํ˜ผ์ž ์ž‘์—…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด๊ฑด ํŠนํžˆ ์™ธํ–ฅ์ ์ธ ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋”์šฑ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:26
This is especially important for extroverted children too.
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ํ˜ผ์ž์„œ ์ž‘์—…์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์—์„œ
17:29
They need to work on their own
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17:30
because that is where deep thought comes from in part.
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๊นŠ์€ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜ค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ž, ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ : ๊ด‘์•ผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
17:33
Okay, number two: Go to the wilderness.
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17:35
Be like Buddha, have your own revelations.
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๋ถ€์ฒ˜์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ, ์ž์‹ ์˜ ํ•ด๋‹ต์ด ์ฐพ์œผ์„ธ์š”.
17:38
I'm not saying
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ˆฒ์—๊ฐ€์„œ
17:40
that we all have to now go off and build our own cabins in the woods
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ํ†ต๋‚˜๋ฌด์ง‘์„ ์ง‘์„ ์ง“์ž๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ ,
17:43
and never talk to each other again,
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๋‹ค์‹œ๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง์ž๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—์š”.
17:46
but I am saying that we could all stand to unplug
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์ž ์‹œ ์†์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋– ๋‚˜์„œ
17:48
and get inside our own heads a little more often.
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ํ‰์†Œ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋”
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋จธ๋ฆฟ์†์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๋ณด์ž๊ตฌ์š”.
17:54
Number three:
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ :
17:57
Take a good look at what's inside your own suitcase
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ์— ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ž์„ธํžˆ ๋ณด์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:59
and why you put it there.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์™œ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋„ฃ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
18:01
So extroverts,
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์™ธํ–ฅ์ ์ด์‹  ๋ถ„๋“ค,
18:03
maybe your suitcases are also full of books.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ๋„ ์ฑ…๋“ค๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฐจ ์žˆ์„์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:05
Or maybe they're full of champagne glasses or skydiving equipment.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ƒดํŽ˜์ธ ์ž”์ด ๋“ค์–ด์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
์Šค์นด์ด ๋‹ค์ด๋น™ ์žฅ๋น„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
18:10
Whatever it is, I hope you take these things out every chance you get
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ญ๋“ ์ง€๊ฐ„์—, ๊ทธ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊บผ๋‚ด์„ธ์š”.
18:14
and grace us with your energy and your joy.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์—ด์ •๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์จ์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋น›๋‚ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
18:17
But introverts, you being you,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚ด์„ฑ์ ์ธ ๋ถ„๋“ค์€
18:20
you probably have the impulse to guard very carefully
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๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ ์•ˆ์— ๋ญ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋งค์šฐ ์กฐ์‹ฌ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ
18:22
what's inside your own suitcase.
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์ˆจ๊ธฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์ถฉ๋™์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:24
And that's okay.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„์š”.
18:26
But occasionally, just occasionally,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ€๋”, ์•„์ฃผ ๊ฐ€๋”์€,
18:28
I hope you will open up your suitcases for other people to see,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ์„ ์—ด์–ด ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:31
because the world needs you and it needs the things you carry.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์„ธ์ƒ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๊ณ  ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:36
So I wish you the best of all possible journeys
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์—ฌ์ •์—์„œ ์ตœ์„ ์„ ๋‹คํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๊ณ ,
18:38
and the courage to speak softly.
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๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์šฉ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:41
Thank you very much.
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์ •๋ง ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:43
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
18:47
Thank you. Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:50
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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