A robot that flies like a bird | Markus Fischer

3,551,504 views ใƒป 2011-07-23

TED


ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุฃุฏู†ุงู‡ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ.

ุงู„ู…ุชุฑุฌู…: Faisal Jeber ุงู„ู…ุฏู‚ู‘ู‚: Anwar Dafa-Alla
00:15
It is a dream of mankind to fly like a bird.
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ู‡ูˆ ุญู„ู… ุงู„ุจุดุฑูŠุฉ
ุงู† ุชุทูŠุฑ ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ุทูŠูˆุฑ.
00:20
Birds are very agile.
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ุงู„ุทูŠูˆุฑ ุฑุดูŠู‚ุฉ ุฌุฏุง.
00:22
They fly, not with rotating components,
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ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุชุทูŠุฑุŒ ูˆู„ูŠุณ ู„ู‡ุง ุนู†ุงุตุฑ ุฏูˆุงุฑุฉุŒ
00:25
so they fly only by flapping their wings.
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ุฐู„ูƒ ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุชุทูŠุฑ ูู‚ุท ุจุฑูุฑูุฉ ุฃุฌู†ุญุชู‡ุง.
ู„ุฐุง ู†ุธุฑู†ุง ุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ุทูŠูˆุฑ ุŒ
00:29
So we looked at the birds,
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00:31
and we tried to make a model that is powerful, ultralight,
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ูˆุญุงูˆู„ู†ุง ุชู‚ุฏูŠู… ู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌ
ุฎููŠู ูˆ ู‚ูˆูŠ ุŒ
00:37
and it must have excellent aerodynamic qualities
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ูˆูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ู„ู‡ุง ุตูุงุช ู…ู…ุชุงุฒุฉ ู„ู„ุงู†ุณูŠุงุจ ุงู„ู‡ูˆุงุฆูŠ
00:41
that would fly by its own and only by flapping its wings.
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ู…ู† ุดุฃู†ู‡ ุฃู† ูŠุทูŠุฑ ุจู…ูุฑุฏู‡
ูˆูู‚ุท ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุฑูุฑูุฉ ุฃุฌู†ุญุชู‡ุง.
00:46
So what would be better than to use the herring gull, in its freedom,
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ู…ุง ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุฃูุถู„ ู„ู„ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู…ุŸ
ู†ูˆุฑุณ ุงู„ุฑู†ุฌุฉุŒ ููŠ ุงู†ุทู„ุงู‚ู‡ ุงู„ุญุฑ
00:51
circling and swooping over the sea,
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ุชุญูˆู… ุซู… ุชู†ู‚ุถ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุจุญุฑ ุŒ
00:53
and to use this as a role model?
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ูˆู„ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ู‡ุฐุง ูƒู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌ ู„ู„ุงู‚ุชุฏุงุก ุจู‡ุŸ
00:56
So we bring a team together.
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ู„ุฐุง ู‚ู…ู†ุง ุจุชูƒูˆูŠู† ูุฑูŠู‚.
00:58
There are generalists and also specialists in the field of aerodynamics,
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ูŠุดู…ู„ ุงู„ู…ูˆุณูˆุนูŠูŠู† ูˆุงู„ุงุฎุชุตุงุตูŠูŠู†
ููŠ ู…ุฌุงู„ ุงู„ุฏูŠู†ุงู…ูŠูƒุง ุงู„ู‡ูˆุงุฆูŠุฉ
01:04
in the field of building gliders.
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ููŠ ู…ุฌุงู„ ุจู†ุงุก ุงู„ุทุงุฆุฑุงุช ุงู„ุดุฑุงุนูŠุฉ.
01:06
And the task was to build an ultralight indoor-flying model
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ูˆูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุจู†ุงุก
ู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌ ูŠุญู„ู‚ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ุงู„ู…ุบู„ู‚ุฉ
01:11
that is able to fly over your heads.
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ู‚ุงุฏุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุชุญู„ูŠู‚ ููˆู‚ ุฑุคูˆุณูƒู….
ู„ุฐุง ูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุญุฐุฑูŠู† ู„ุงุญู‚ุง.
01:15
So be careful later on.
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01:17
(Laughter)
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ูˆูƒุงู†ุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุณุงู„ุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ :
01:20
And this was one issue:
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01:21
to build it that lightweight
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ุจู†ุงุก ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู†ู‡ ุฎููŠู ุงู„ูˆุฒู†
01:23
that no one would be hurt if it fell down.
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ู„ู† ูŠุตุจ ุฃุญุฏ ุจุฃุฐู‰
ุฅุฐุง ุณู‚ุท ุนู„ูŠู‡.
01:28
So why do we do all this?
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ูู„ู…ุงุฐุง ู†ูุนู„ ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุงุŸ
01:30
We are a company in the field of automation,
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ู†ุญู† ุดุฑูƒุฉ ููŠ ู…ุฌุงู„ ุงู„ุฃุชู…ุชุฉ ุŒ
01:33
and we'd like to do very lightweight structures
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ูˆู†ุญู† ู†ุฑุบุจ ุจุจู†ุงุก ู‡ูŠุงูƒู„ ุฎููŠูุฉ ุงู„ูˆุฒู† ู„ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ
01:36
because that's energy efficient,
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ู„ุฃู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ ูƒูุงุกุฉ ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุงู„ุทุงู‚ุฉ.
ูˆู†ุญู† ู†ุฑุบุจ ููŠ ู…ุนุฑูุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฒูŠุฏ ุนู†
01:39
and we'd like to learn more about pneumatics and air flow phenomena.
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ุถุบุท ุงู„ู‡ูˆุงุก ูˆุธูˆุงู‡ุฑ ุชุฏูู‚ ุงู„ู‡ูˆุงุก.
ู„ุฐุง ุฃูˆุฏ ุงู„ุขู† ู…ู†ูƒู…
01:45
So I now would like you to put your seat belts on
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ุงุฑุจุทูˆุง ุงุญุฒู…ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุนุฏูƒู…
01:49
and put your hats on.
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ูˆ ุงู„ุจุณูˆุง ู‚ุจุนุงุชูƒู….
01:51
So maybe we'll try it once --
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ูˆู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุฑุจู…ุง ุณู†ุญุงูˆู„ ู…ุฑุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ
01:54
to fly a SmartBird.
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ู„ุชุทูŠูŠุฑ ุงู„ุทูŠุฑ ุงู„ุฐูƒูŠ.
01:56
Thank you.
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ุดูƒุฑุง ู„ูƒู….
01:57
(Applause)
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(ุชุตููŠู‚)
02:13
(Cheers)
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(ุชุตููŠู‚)
02:15
(Applause)
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02:29
(Applause ends)
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02:51
(Applause)
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(ุชุตููŠู‚)
03:07
So we can now look at the SmartBird.
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ูˆูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุขู†
ุงู† ู†ู„ู‚ูŠ ู†ุธุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุทูŠุฑ ุงู„ุฐูƒูŠ.
ู‡ู†ุง ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู† ุฏูˆู† ุงู„ุบุทุงุก ุงู„ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠ.
03:13
So here is one without a skin.
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03:15
We have a wingspan of about two meters.
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ุฌู†ุงุญูŠู‡ ุจุงู…ุชุฏุงุฏ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุชุฑูŠู†.
03:18
The length is one meter and six,
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ุทูˆู„ ู…ุชุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ ูˆุณุชุฉุŒ
03:21
and the weight is only 450 grams.
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ูˆุงู„ูˆุฒู† ุŒ
ู„ูŠุณ ุณูˆู‰ 450 ุบุฑุงู…ุง.
03:26
And it is all out of carbon fiber.
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ูˆุฐู„ูƒ ูƒู„ู‡ ู…ู† ุฃู„ูŠุงู ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู†.
03:29
In the middle we have a motor,
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ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู†ุชุตู ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ุงู„ู…ุญุฑูƒุŒ
03:31
and we also have a gear in it,
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ูˆู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ุฃูŠุถุง ุงู„ุชุฑูˆุณ.
03:35
and we use the gear to transfer the circulation of the motor.
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ูˆู†ุญู† ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู… ุงู„ุชุฑูˆุณ
ู„ู†ู‚ู„ ุฏูˆุฑุงู† ุงู„ู…ุญุฑูƒ.
03:40
So within the motor, we have three Hall sensors,
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ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ู…ุญุฑูƒุŒ ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุซู‚ูˆุจ ุญุณุงุณุฉุŒ
ุญุชู‰ ู†ุนุฑู ุจุงู„ุถุจุท ุฃูŠู†
03:44
so we know exactly where the wing is.
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ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฌู†ุงุญ.
03:49
And if we now beat up and down --
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ูˆุฅุฐุง ุชุบู„ุจู†ุง ุงู„ุขู† ุตุนูˆุฏุง ูˆู†ุฒูˆู„ุง...
03:52
(Mechanical sounds)
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03:56
We have the possibility to fly like a bird.
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ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ุฅู…ูƒุงู†ูŠุฉ
ู„ู†ุทูŠุฑ ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ุทูŠูˆุฑ.
04:00
So if you go down, you have the large area of propulsion,
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ุญุชู‰ ุฅุฐุง ุฐู‡ุจุช ุฅู„ู‰ ุฃุณูู„ุŒ ู„ุฏูŠูƒ ู…ุณุงุญุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏูุน.
ูˆุฅุฐุง ุตุนุฏุชุŒ
04:04
and if you go up,
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ุงู„ุฃุฌู†ุญุฉ ู„ูŠุณุช ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ุŒ
04:07
the wings are not that large,
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04:10
and it is easier to get up.
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ูˆุฃู†ู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุณู‡ู„ ุงู„ุตุนูˆุฏ.
ู‡ูƒุฐุงุŒ ูˆุงู„ุดูŠุก ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ู‚ู…ู†ุง ุจู‡ุŒ
04:15
So, the next thing we did,
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ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุชุญุฏูŠุงุช ุงู„ุชูŠ ูˆุงุฌู‡ู†ุง
04:18
or the challenges we did,
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04:19
was to coordinate this movement.
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ูƒุงู† ู„ุชู†ุณูŠู‚ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ.
ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุฃู† ู†ุญูˆู„ ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ู„ุชุฑุชูุน ูˆุชู†ุฎูุถ.
04:23
We have to turn it, go up and go down.
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ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ุฌู†ุงุญ ู…ู†ู‚ุณู….
04:26
We have a split wing.
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04:27
With the split wing,
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ู…ุน ุงู†ู‚ุณุงู… ุงู„ุฌู†ุงุญ
04:29
we get the lift at the upper wing,
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ู†ุญุตู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุฑูุน ููŠ ุงู„ุฌู†ุงุญ ุงู„ุนู„ูˆูŠ ุŒ
04:32
and we get the propulsion at the lower wing.
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ูˆู†ุญุตู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฏูุน ููŠ ุฃุณูู„ ุงู„ุฌู†ุงุญ.
04:35
Also, we see how we measure the aerodynamic efficiency.
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ุฃูŠุถุงุŒ ู†ุญู† ู†ุฑู‰
ูƒูŠู ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ู‚ูŠุงุณ ุงู„ูƒูุงุกุฉ ุงู„ู‡ูˆุงุฆูŠุฉ.
04:40
We had knowledge about the electromechanical efficiency
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ูƒุงู† ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุฃู† ู†ุนุฑู ุนู†
ูƒูุงุกุฉ ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑูˆู…ูŠูƒุงู†ูŠูƒูŠุฉ
04:44
and then we can calculate the aerodynamic efficiency.
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ูˆู…ู† ุซู… ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุญุณุงุจ
ุงู„ูƒูุงุกุฉ ุงู„ู‡ูˆุงุฆูŠุฉ.
04:48
So therefore, it rises up from passive torsion to active torsion,
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ูˆู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ
ุงู†ู‡ุง ุชุฑุชูุน ู…ู† ุงู„ุชูˆุงุก ุณู„ุจูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุชูˆุงุก ู†ุดุท ุŒ
ู…ู† 30 ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฆุฉ
04:54
from 30 percent up to 80 percent.
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ุงู„ู‰ ู…ุง ูŠุตู„ ุงู„ู‰ 80 ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฆุฉ.
04:57
Next thing we have to do,
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ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠุชุนูŠู† ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุงู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจู‡ุŒ
04:59
we have to control and regulate the whole structure.
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ู‡ูˆ ู…ุฑุงู‚ุจุฉ ูˆุชู†ุธูŠู…
ุงู„ู‡ูŠูƒู„ ุจุฃูƒู…ู„ู‡.
05:03
Only if you control and regulate it,
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ุฅู„ุง ุฅุฐุง ุชู…ูƒู†ุช ู…ู† ุงู„ุชุญูƒู… ูˆุชู†ุธูŠู…ู‡
05:06
you will get that aerodynamic efficiency.
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ุณูˆู ุชุญุตู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูƒูุงุกุฉ ุงู„ู‡ูˆุงุฆูŠุฉ.
05:09
So the overall consumption of energy
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ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ูุฅู† ุงู„ุงุณุชู‡ู„ุงูƒ ุงู„ูƒู„ูŠ ู„ู„ุทุงู‚ุฉ
05:12
is about 25 watts at takeoff
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ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ 25 ูˆุงุท ููŠ ุงู„ุงู‚ู„ุงุน
05:15
and 16 to 18 watts in flight.
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ูˆู…ู† 16 ุฅู„ู‰ 18 ูˆุงุท ููŠ ุงู„ุทูŠุฑุงู†.
ุดูƒุฑุง ู„ูƒู….
05:19
Thank you.
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05:20
(Applause)
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(ุชุตููŠู‚)
ุจุฑูˆู†ูˆ ุฌูˆุณุงู†ูŠ : ู…ุงุฑูƒูˆุณุŒ ูˆุฃุนุชู‚ุฏ ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠู†ุจุบูŠ ู„ู†ุง ุฃู† ู†ูŠุทูŠุฑู‡ ู…ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰.
05:27
Bruno Giussani: Markus, we should fly it once more.
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05:29
Markus Fischer: Yeah, sure.
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ู…ุงุฑูƒูˆุณ ููŠุดุฑ : ู†ุนู…ุŒ ุจุงู„ุชุฃูƒูŠุฏ.
05:31
(Audience) Yeah!
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(ุถุญูƒ)
05:32
(Laughter)
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05:53
(Gasps)
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(ุตูŠุญุงุช)
06:02
(Cheers)
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(ู‡ุชุงู)
06:03
(Applause)
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(ุชุตููŠู‚)
ุญูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน

ุณูŠู‚ุฏู… ู„ูƒ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน ู…ู‚ุงุทุน ููŠุฏูŠูˆ YouTube ุงู„ู…ููŠุฏุฉ ู„ุชุนู„ู… ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ. ุณุชุฑู‰ ุฏุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุชู… ุชุฏุฑูŠุณู‡ุง ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุฏุฑุณูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ู…ู† ุฌู…ูŠุน ุฃู†ุญุงุก ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…. ุงู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุนุฑูˆุถุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ ุตูุญุฉ ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ. ูŠุชู… ุชู…ุฑูŠุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุงุช ุจุงู„ุชุฒุงู…ู† ู…ุน ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ. ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู„ุฏูŠูƒ ุฃูŠ ุชุนู„ูŠู‚ุงุช ุฃูˆ ุทู„ุจุงุช ุŒ ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ุจู†ุง ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ู‡ุฐุง.

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