The hidden power of smiling | Ron Gutman

Translator: Aziza Pulatova Reviewer: Nazarbek Nazarov

When I was a child, I always wanted to be a superhero.

Bolaligimda doim superqahramon bo’lishni istardim.

I wanted to save the world and make everyone happy.

Dunyoni qutqarish va hammani baxtli qilishni xohlardim.

But I knew that I'd need superpowers to make my dreams come true.

Ammo orzularim ro’yobi uchun g’ayritabiiy kuch kerakligini bilardim.

So I used to embark on these imaginary journeys

Kripton sayyorasidan intergalaktik obyektlarni

to find intergalactic objects from planet Krypton,

topish uchun tasavvurimdagi sayohatlarga chiqardim,

which was a lot of fun, but didn't yield much result.

bu o’ta maroqli edi, ammo undan aytarli natija chiqmasdi.

When I grew up and realized

Voyaga yetib ilmiy-fantastika

that science fiction was not a good source for superpowers,

g’ayritabiiy kuchlarning yaxshi manbai emasligini anglaganimda,

I decided instead to embark on a journey of real science,

foydaliroq haqiqatni izlab topish uchun haqiqiy

to find a more useful truth.

ilm-fan sayohatiga otlandim.

I started my journey in California,

Sayohatimni Kaliforniyadan

with a UC Berkeley 30-year longitudinal study

UC Berkeleyning eski vinetkalardan talabalarning suratini ko'zdan

that examined the photos of students in an old yearbook,

kechirib, ularning umrlari davomida erishgan muvaffaqiyat va sog’lik

and tried to measure their success and well-being throughout their life.

darajasini o’lchashga uringan 30 yillik longityud tadqiqotidan boshladim.

By measuring the students' smiles,

Talabalarning tabassumini o’lchash orqali

researchers were able to predict

tadqiqotchilar sinaluvchilarning

how fulfilling and long-lasting a subject's marriage would be,

oilaviy turmushi qanchalik muvaffaqiyatli va mustahkam bo’lishini

(Laughter)

(Kulgu)

how well she would score on standardized tests of well-being,

tibbiy ko’rik natijalarini va atrofdagi insonlarni qanchalik ilhomlantira

and how inspiring she would be to others.

olishini oldindan aytib bera olardilar.

In another yearbook, I stumbled upon Barry Obama's picture.

Boshqa bir vinetkada, Barak Obamaning suratiga ko’zim tushdi.

When I first saw his picture,

Suratini ilk bor ko’rganimda,

I thought that his superpowers came from his super collar.

uning g’ayritabiiy kuchlari super yoqalarida deb o’yladim.

(Laughter)

(Kulgu)

But now I know it was all in his smile.

Biroq gap tabassumida ekanligini bildim.

Another aha! moment came from a 2010 Wayne State University research project

Yana bir aha! 2010-yil Uoyne Davlat Universitetining 50-yillar Asosiy Liga

that looked into pre-1950s baseball cards of Major League players.

o’yinchilari kartalarini ko'zdan kechirgan tadqiqot proyektida yuz berdi.

The researchers found that the span of a player's smile

Tadqiqotchilar o’yinchining jilmayish oralig'i uning umr ko’rish

could actually predict the span of his life.

yoshi oralig’ini oldindan aytishi mumkinligini aniqladi.

Players who didn't smile in their pictures

Suratlarida tabassum qilmagan o’yinchilar

lived an average of only 72.9 years,

o’rtacha atigi 72,9 yil umr ko’rganlar.

where players with beaming smiles

aksincha yuzida shodon tabassumi bo’lgan

lived an average of almost 80 years.

o’yinchilar o’rtacha 80 yil yashaganlar.

(Laughter)

(Kulgu)

The good news is that we're actually born smiling.

Yaxshi xabar shundaki, biz jilmayib dunyoga kelamiz.

Using 3D ultrasound technology,

3D Ultraovoz texnologiyasidan foydalanib,

we can now see that developing babies appear to smile,

hozirda rivojlanayotgan bolaning hatto ona qornida jilmayib

even in the womb.

turganini kuzata olamiz.

When they're born, babies continue to smile --

Ular dunyoga kelib ham jilmayishda davom etadilar--

initially, mostly in their sleep.

dastavval, ko’pincha uyqusida.

And even blind babies smile

Va hattoki ojiz go’daklar ham

to the sound of the human voice.

inson tovushiga jilmayishadi.

Smiling is one of the most basic, biologically uniform

Tabassum barcha insonlarning eng sodda, biologik qaror

expressions of all humans.

topuvchi yuz ifodalaridan biri sanaladi.

In studies conducted in Papua New Guinea,

Papua Yangi Gvineyada o’tkazilgan

Paul Ekman, the world's most renowned researcher on facial expressions,

tadqiqotlarda, Paul Ekman, yuz ifodalarida sayyoramizning eng atoqli

found that even members of the Fore tribe,

tadqiqotchisi hatto G’arb dunyosidan

who were completely disconnected from Western culture,

butunlay uzilib qolgan va yana noodatiy kannibalizm

and also known for their unusual cannibalism rituals,

udumlariga amal qiluvchi For qabilasi ham

(Laughter)

(Kulgu)

attributed smiles to descriptions of situations

bir xil vaziyatni xuddi siz va bizdek

the same way you and I would.

tabassumga yo’yganlar.

So from Papua New Guinea

Papua Yangi Gvineyadan tortib

to Hollywood

Gollivudgacha,

all the way to modern art in Beijing,

Beijingdagi zamonaviy san’atga qadar,

we smile often,

biz tez-tez jilmayamiz,

and use smiles to express joy and satisfaction.

va tabassum vositasida shodlik va mamnunlikni ifodalaymiz.

How many people here in this room smile more than 20 times per day?

Bu zaldagi insonlardan necha nafari kuniga 20 martadan ortiq jilmayadi?

Raise your hand if you do.

Shunday bo'lsa, qo'lingizni

Oh, wow.

ko'taring. Voyvo.

Outside of this room,

Bu zaldan tashqarida,

more than a third of us smile more than 20 times per day,

uchdan birimizdan ko'prog’i kuniga 20 martadan ko’proq jilmayadi,

whereas less than 14 percent of us smile less than five.

va 14 foizimizdan kamrog’imiz 5 martadan kamroq tabassum qilamiz.

In fact, those with the most amazing superpowers are actually children,

Darhaqiqat, eng ajoyib g'ayritabiiy kuch sohiblari aslida kichkintoylar,

who smile as many as 400 times per day.

ular kuniga 400 martadan ko’proq tabassum qiladilar.

Have you ever wondered why being around children,

Hech e'tibor berganmisiz, nega yuzidan tabassum

who smile so frequently, makes you smile very often?

arimaydigan bolalar atrofida bo’lsangiz, yuzingizga tabassum yuguradi.

A recent study at Uppsala University in Sweden

Shvetsiyaning Upsala Universitetida o'tkazilgan so’nggi

found that it's very difficult to frown when looking at someone who smiles.

tadqiqot jilmayib turgan kishiga qovog’ uyish nihoyatda mushkulligini aniqladi.

You ask why?

Nega deysizmi?

Because smiling is evolutionarily contagious,

Tabassum evolyutsion jihatdan yuqumli va u odatda

and it suppresses the control we usually have on our facial muscles.

yuzdagi boshqaruvchi mushaklar faoliyatini susaytiradi.

Mimicking a smile and experiencing it physically

Jilmayishga urinib ko’rish va uni tanada tuyish

helps us understand whether our smile is fake or real,

tabassumimiz sohta yoki samimiy ekanligini tushunishimizga va bu

so we can understand the emotional state of the smiler.

yordamida tabassum egasining hissiy holatini tushunishga yordam beradi.

In a recent mimicking study

Taqlid borasida Fransiyaning

at the University of Clermont-Ferrand in France,

Klermont-Ferrand Universititetida yaqinda o’tkazilgan tadqiqot

subjects were asked to determine whether a smile was real or fake

yuzdagi tabassumga javobgar yuz mushaklarini susaytirish maqsadida

while holding a pencil in their mouth to repress smiling muscles.

og’zida qalam tutib tabassum sohta yoki samimiy ekanligini aniqlash so’raldi

Without the pencil, subjects were excellent judges,

Sinaluvchilar qalamsiz mukammal hakamlik qildilar,

but with the pencil in their mouth --

biroq og’zida qalam tutganlarida --

when they could not mimic the smile they saw --

guvohi bo'lgan tabassumga taqlid qila olmaganlarida

their judgment was impaired.

xulosalarida xatoliklar yuz bergan.

(Laughter)

(Kulgu)

In addition to theorizing on evolution in "The Origin of Species,"

Charlz Darvin o’zining "Turlarning kelib chiqishi," asarida

Charles Darwin also wrote the facial feedback response theory.

evolyutsion nazariya bilan birga qayta aloqa haqida ham yozib o'tgan.

His theory states that the act of smiling itself actually makes us feel better,

Uning nazariyasiga ko’ra, tabassum ijobiy hissiyotlarning natijasigina

rather than smiling being merely a result of feeling good.

emas, tabassum qilishning o'zi ijobiy hissiyotlarni uyg'ota oladi.

In his study, Darwin actually cited a French neurologist, Guillaume Duchenne,

Darvin o’z tadqiqotida Fransuz nevrologi Giyom Dushenning yuziga

who sent electric jolts to facial muscles to induce and stimulate smiles.

tabassum yugurtirish va faollashtirish uchun elektr shoklarni yuborgan.

Please, don't try this at home.

Iltimos, buni uyda o’zingizda sinamang.

(Laughter)

(Kulgu)

In a related German study,

Shunga aloqador nemis tadqiqotida,

researchers used fMRI imaging to measure brain activity

tadqiqotchilar yuzning jilmayishga javobgar mushaklarini falaj qilish uchun

before and after injecting Botox to suppress smiling muscles.

botoksdan oldin va undan so’ng miya faoliyatini o’lchashda MRTdan foydalandi.

The finding supported Darwin's theory,

Natijalar Darvinning nazariyasini tasdiqladi,

by showing that facial feedback

yuzdagi qayta aloqa jilmayganimizda

modifies the neural processing of emotional content in the brain,

miyadagi hissiyotlar holatini neyronlar aloqasini yaxshilash orqali

in a way that helps us feel better when we smile.

jilmayganimizda iliq hislarni tuyishimizga ko’maklashadi.

Smiling stimulates our brain reward mechanism

Tabassumning miyadagi rag’bat markaziga

in a way that even chocolate --

ta'sirini rohat hissini

a well-regarded pleasure inducer --

uyg’otuvchi vosita sifatida tanilgan shokoladga

cannot match.

ham qiyoslab bo’lmaydi.

British researchers found that one smile

Britaniyalik tadqiqotchilar bir tabassum

can generate the same level of brain stimulation

2000 ta shokolad qutisidagi shokoladlarni yeganingizdagi

as up to 2,000 bars of chocolate.

miya stimulini yarata olishini aniqladi.

(Laughter)

(Kulgu)

Wait --

Shoshmang --

The same study found that smiling is as stimulating

Ayni shu tadqiqotda aytilishicha, tabassum qilish hisobingizga 16.000 funt

as receiving up to 16,000 pounds sterling in cash.

sterling naqd pul qabul qilganingizda his etiladigan hissiyotni uyg'otadi.

(Laughter)

(Kulgu)

That's like 25 grand a smile.

Bu degani bir dona tabassum 25 funt.

It's not bad.

Chakki emas.

And think about it this way:

Boshqacharoq o'ylab ko'ring:

25,000 times 400 --

400ni 25,000 martaga oshirsak --

quite a few kids out there feel like Mark Zuckerberg every day.

anchagina bolalar o’zini har kuni Mark Zukerberg kabi his qilishyapti.

(Laughter)

(Kulgu)

And unlike lots of chocolate,

Bir quloch shokoloddan farqli,

lots of smiling can actually make you healthier.

bir quloch tabassum bilan sog’lomroq bo'lasiz.

Smiling can help reduce the level of stress-enhancing hormones

Jilmayish stressni faollashtiruvchi gormonlardan kortizol,

like cortisol, adrenaline and dopamine,

adrenalin va dofaminni kamaytirib,

increase the level of mood-enhancing hormones like endorphins,

kayfiyatni ko’taruvchi gormonlardan endorfinlarni oshiradi

and reduce overall blood pressure.

va umumiy qon bosimini tushiradi.

And if that's not enough,

Bu ham yetarli bo'lmasa,

smiling can actually make you look good in the eyes of others.

tabassum boshqalar ko’z o’ngida sizni xushsurat ko’rsata oladi.

A recent study at Penn State University found that when you smile,

Penn Davlat Universitetida yaqinda o’tkazilgan tadqiqotga ko'ra,

you don't only appear to be more likable and courteous,

jilmayganingizda siz yanada xushro’y va xushmuomala ko’rinibgina

but you actually appear to be more competent.

qolmaysiz, balki yanada tajribali qiyofada namoyon bo'lasiz.

So whenever you want to look great and competent,

Qachon salobatli va tajribali ko’rinishni,

reduce your stress or improve your marriage,

stressni kamaytrish yoki oilaviy turmushingizni yaxshilash

or feel as if you just had a whole stack of high-quality chocolate

yoki yuqori sifatli, kaloriyasiz shokoladni yegandek his etishni

without incurring the caloric cost,

yoki asrlardan buyon kiymagan

or as if you found 25 grand in a pocket of an old jacket you hadn't worn for ages,

kamzulingizdan 25 funt topib olgandek his qilishni yoki o'zingiz va

or whenever you want to tap into a superpower

atrofingizdagilarning uzoq, sog’lom va baxtliroq umr kechirishlariga

that will help you and everyone around you

ko’maklashuvchi g'ayritabiiy kuchingizdan

live a longer, healthier, happier life,

foydalanmoqchi bo’lsangiz,

smile.

tabassum qiling.

(Applause)

(Qarsaklar)