Grit: The Power of Passion and Perseverance | Angela Lee Duckworth | TED

15,282,371 views ・ 2013-05-09

TED


Please double-click on the English subtitles below to play the video.

00:00
Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast
0
0
7000
Prevodilac: Jelena Kovačević Lektor: Mile Živković
00:12
When I was 27 years old,
1
12880
2050
Kada sam imala 27 godina
00:14
I left a very demanding job in management consulting
2
14954
3323
napustila sam zahtevan posao u poslovnom savetodavstvu
00:18
for a job that was even more demanding: teaching.
3
18301
3757
i zamenila ga još zahtevnijim - postala sam učiteljica.
Počela sam da predajem matematiku sedmom razredu
00:23
I went to teach seventh graders math
4
23298
2480
00:25
in the New York City public schools.
5
25802
1900
u njujorškim državnim školama.
I kao svaki drugi nastavnik, davala sam kvizove i testove.
00:28
And like any teacher, I made quizzes and tests.
6
28202
2881
00:31
I gave out homework assignments.
7
31107
1976
Zadavala sam domaće zadatke.
Kada bih dobila radove, ocenila bih ih.
00:33
When the work came back, I calculated grades.
8
33107
2722
00:36
What struck me was that IQ was not the only difference
9
36758
4552
Ono sto me je iznenadilo je da IQ nije bio jedina razlika
00:41
between my best and my worst students.
10
41334
3136
između mojih najboljih i najgorih učenika.
Neki od najboljih
00:45
Some of my strongest performers did not have stratospheric IQ scores.
11
45017
4767
nisu imali najviši IQ,
dok neka od najpametnije dece nisu dobro napredovala.
00:50
Some of my smartest kids weren't doing so well.
12
50345
3238
00:54
And that got me thinking.
13
54297
1397
To me je zamislilo.
00:56
The kinds of things you need to learn in seventh grade math,
14
56432
2960
Stvari koje moraju da se uče u sedmom razredu,
00:59
sure, they're hard: ratios, decimals, the area of a parallelogram.
15
59416
4902
naravno, jesu teške: proporcije, decimale,
površina palalelograma.
01:04
But these concepts are not impossible,
16
64668
2676
Ali ovi pojmovi nisu nemogući za naučiti
01:07
and I was firmly convinced that every one of my students
17
67368
4110
i bila sam čvrsto ubeđena da bi svaki od mojih učenika
01:11
could learn the material
18
71502
2580
mogao da savlada gradivo
kada bi naporno i dovoljno dugo radio.
01:14
if they worked hard and long enough.
19
74106
2063
01:16
After several more years of teaching,
20
76842
2462
Posle još nekoliko godina predavanja,
01:19
I came to the conclusion that what we need in education
21
79328
3734
zaključila sam da je ono što je u obrazovanju potrebno
mnogo bolje razumevanje učenika i procesa učenja
01:23
is a much better understanding of students and learning
22
83086
3460
01:26
from a motivational perspective,
23
86570
2317
iz perspektive motivisanja,
01:28
from a psychological perspective.
24
88911
2206
iz perspektive psihologije.
01:31
In education, the one thing we know how to measure best is IQ.
25
91815
5493
U obrazovanju, jedina stvar koju mi umemo najbolje da izmerimo
je IQ, ali šta ako dobar uspeh u školi i životu
01:38
But what if doing well in school and in life
26
98172
3852
01:42
depends on much more
27
102048
2094
ne zavisi samo
01:44
than your ability to learn quickly and easily?
28
104166
3380
od sposobnosti brzog i lakog ućenja?
01:48
So I left the classroom,
29
108371
1926
Tako sam napustila učionicu
01:50
and I went to graduate school to become a psychologist.
30
110321
2991
i otišla sam na postdiplomske studije da postanem psiholog.
01:53
I started studying kids and adults
31
113877
2150
Počela sam da posmatram decu i odrasle
u različitim vrstama otežavajućih uslova
01:56
in all kinds of super challenging settings,
32
116051
2833
01:58
and in every study my question was,
33
118908
2428
i u svim istraživanjima moje pitanje je bilo
02:01
who is successful here and why?
34
121360
2246
ko je ovde uspešan i zašto.
02:04
My research team and I went to West Point Military Academy.
35
124384
3593
Moj istrazivački tim i ja smo išli u Vojnu akademiju Vest Point.
02:08
We tried to predict which cadets
36
128476
1660
Probali smo da predvidimo koji od kadeta
02:10
would stay in military training and which would drop out.
37
130160
3508
će ostati na vojnoj obuci, a koji će odustati.
02:14
We went to the National Spelling Bee
38
134414
2231
Išli smo na nacionalno takmičenje u spelovanju
02:16
and tried to predict which children would advance farthest in competition.
39
136669
4539
i probali da predvidimo koja deca će dogurati
najdalje u takmičenju.
02:21
We studied rookie teachers working in really tough neighborhoods,
40
141867
4056
Posmatrali smo nastavnike početnike
koji su radili u problematičnim naseljima, pitajući se
02:25
asking which teachers are still going to be here in teaching
41
145947
3417
koji od njih će nastaviti da rade tu
02:29
by the end of the school year,
42
149388
1994
do kraja školske godine,
02:31
and of those, who will be the most effective
43
151406
3011
a koji će od tih biti najefikasniji
02:34
at improving learning outcomes for their students?
44
154441
2684
u unapređivanju rezultata učenja svojih đaka.
02:37
We partnered with private companies, asking,
45
157592
2230
Udruživali smo se sa privatnim firmama, pitajući se
02:39
which of these salespeople is going to keep their jobs?
46
159846
2695
koji će od tih prodavaca zadržati svoje poslove
02:42
And who's going to earn the most money?
47
162565
1866
i koji će zaradjivati najviše novca.
02:44
In all those very different contexts,
48
164797
2658
U svakom od ovih različitih konteksta
02:47
one characteristic emerged as a significant predictor of success.
49
167479
4501
izdvojila se jedna karakteristika
kao značajan pokazatelj uspeha.
02:52
And it wasn't social intelligence.
50
172464
1778
To nije bila društvena inteligencija,
02:54
It wasn't good looks, physical health,
51
174662
2985
niti dobar izgled, niti fizičko zdravlje, niti IQ.
02:57
and it wasn't IQ.
52
177671
1318
02:59
It was grit.
53
179758
1116
To je bila borbenost.
03:01
Grit is passion and perseverance for very long-term goals.
54
181899
4630
Borbenost je strast i istrajnost u dugoročnim ciljevima.
03:06
Grit is having stamina.
55
186989
1671
Borbenost je izdržljivost.
03:09
Grit is sticking with your future, day in, day out,
56
189232
4206
Borbenost je držati se svoje budućnosti, dan za danom,
03:13
not just for the week, not just for the month,
57
193462
3365
ne samo za nedelju dana, ne samo za mesec,
03:16
but for years,
58
196851
1532
već godinama i naporno raditi
03:18
and working really hard to make that future a reality.
59
198407
3721
da ta budućnost postane realnost.
03:22
Grit is living life like it's a marathon, not a sprint.
60
202969
4269
Borbenost je doživljavati život kao maraton, ne kao sprint.
Pre nekoliko godina, počela sam da proučavam borbenost
03:28
A few years ago,
61
208156
1431
03:29
I started studying grit in the Chicago public schools.
62
209611
3014
u čikaškim državnim školama.
Zamolila sam hiljade srednjoškolaca
03:33
I asked thousands of high school juniors
63
213141
2288
03:35
to take grit questionnaires,
64
215453
1828
da popune upitnike o borbenosti
03:37
and then waited around more than a year
65
217305
1952
i onda čekala oko godinu dana
03:39
to see who would graduate.
66
219281
1356
da vidim ko će maturirati.
03:41
Turns out that grittier kids
67
221518
2222
Ispostavilo se da je verovatnije
03:43
were significantly more likely to graduate,
68
223764
3180
da ce borbenija deca maturirati,
03:46
even when I matched them on every characteristic I could measure,
69
226968
3762
čak i kada sam ih posmatrala u odnosu na svaku osobinu koju sam mogla da izmerim,
03:50
things like family income,
70
230754
2250
stvari kao što su porodična primanja,
rezultati standardizovanih testova znanja,
03:53
standardized achievement test scores,
71
233028
2722
03:55
even how safe kids felt when they were at school.
72
235774
3024
čak i to koliko sigurno su se deca osećala u školi.
03:59
So it's not just at West Point or the National Spelling Bee
73
239377
2937
Dakle, borbenost nije bitna samo u vojnoj akademiji
04:02
that grit matters.
74
242338
1114
ili na takmičenju u spelovanju. Važna je i u školi,
04:03
It's also in school,
75
243476
1941
04:05
especially for kids at risk for dropping out.
76
245441
2381
Pogotovo za decu koja su sklona odustajanju.
04:09
To me, the most shocking thing about grit
77
249116
2958
Za mene, najšokantija stvar u vezi sa borbenošću
je koliko malo toga znamo,
04:12
is how little we know,
78
252098
1959
04:14
how little science knows, about building it.
79
254081
2502
koliko malo nauka zna o izgradnji borbenosti.
Svakoga dana, roditelji i nastavnici me pitaju:
04:17
Every day, parents and teachers ask me,
80
257003
2251
04:19
"How do I build grit in kids?
81
259278
2200
"Kako da probudim borbenost u deci?
04:21
What do I do to teach kids a solid work ethic?
82
261502
2917
Šta da uradim da decu naučim čvrstoj radnoj etici?
04:24
How do I keep them motivated for the long run?"
83
264753
2488
Kako da im održim motivaciju na duže staze?"
04:27
The honest answer is,
84
267860
1975
Iskreno, ne znam. (Smeh)
04:29
I don't know.
85
269859
1077
04:30
(Laughter)
86
270960
1475
04:32
What I do know is that talent doesn't make you gritty.
87
272459
3039
Ono što znam je da te talenat ne čini borbenim.
04:35
Our data show very clearly
88
275522
2331
Naši podaci jasno pokazuju
04:37
that there are many talented individuals
89
277877
2413
da ima puno talentovanih pojedinaca
koji jednostavno ne istraju u svojim obavezama.
04:40
who simply do not follow through on their commitments.
90
280314
3119
04:43
In fact, in our data, grit is usually unrelated
91
283814
4214
Zapravo, prema našim podacima, borbenost nema veze sa talentom
ili mu je čak obrnuto proporcionalna.
04:48
or even inversely related to measures of talent.
92
288052
3121
04:52
So far, the best idea I've heard about building grit in kids
93
292465
4095
Za sada, najbolja ideja koju sam čula o buđenju borbenosti u deci
04:56
is something called "growth mindset."
94
296584
2222
je nešto što se zove ''um otvoren za učenje''.
04:59
This is an idea developed at Stanford University by Carol Dweck,
95
299449
3670
Ova ideja potiče sa Univerziteta Stanford
od Kerol Dvek i to je verovanje
05:03
and it is the belief that the ability to learn is not fixed,
96
303143
5098
da sposobnost učenja nije nepromenljiva,
05:08
that it can change with your effort.
97
308265
2467
već uz trud može da se menja.
05:11
Dr. Dweck has shown
98
311440
1319
Dr Dvek je pokazala da kada deca čitaju i uče
05:12
that when kids read and learn about the brain
99
312783
3135
o mozgu i kako se on menja i raste
05:15
and how it changes and grows in response to challenge,
100
315942
3474
kao odgovor na izazov,
05:19
they're much more likely to persevere when they fail,
101
319440
3997
veća je verovatnoća da neće odustati ako odmah ne uspeju,
05:23
because they don't believe that failure is a permanent condition.
102
323461
4609
jer ne veruju da je taj neuspeh
trajno stanje.
Zato je um otvoren za učenje dobra ideja za izgradnju borbenosti.
05:29
So growth mindset is a great idea for building grit.
103
329052
3130
05:32
But we need more.
104
332724
1537
Ali treba nam još nešto.
05:34
And that's where I'm going to end my remarks,
105
334825
2096
I tu ću završiti sa svojim zapažanjima,
05:36
because that's where we are.
106
336945
1346
jer to je to.
To je zadatak koji je pred nama.
05:38
That's the work that stands before us.
107
338315
2165
05:40
We need to take our best ideas, our strongest intuitions,
108
340504
3880
Treba da iskoristimo naše najbolje ideje, našu najjaču intuiciju
05:44
and we need to test them.
109
344408
1635
i treba da ih testiramo.
05:46
We need to measure whether we've been successful,
110
346512
2711
Treba da ocenimo da li smo bili uspešni,
05:49
and we have to be willing to fail, to be wrong,
111
349247
3706
i moramo biti spremni na neuspeh, na to da ne budemo u pravu,
05:52
to start over again with lessons learned.
112
352977
2638
na to da počnemo iznova sa naučenim lekcijama.
Drugim rečima, moramo da budemo borbeni
05:56
In other words, we need to be gritty
113
356336
2944
05:59
about getting our kids grittier.
114
359304
2469
u izgradnji borbenosti kod nase dece.
06:02
Thank you.
115
362177
1032
Hvala.
06:03
(Applause)
116
363233
2835
(Aplauz)
About this website

This site will introduce you to YouTube videos that are useful for learning English. You will see English lessons taught by top-notch teachers from around the world. Double-click on the English subtitles displayed on each video page to play the video from there. The subtitles scroll in sync with the video playback. If you have any comments or requests, please contact us using this contact form.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7