Patricia Ryan: Don't insist on English!

106,556 views ・ 2011-03-31

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Poram Lee κ²€ν† : JY Kang
00:16
I know what you're thinking.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μ§€κΈˆ 무슨 생각을 ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ μ••λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:18
You think I've lost my way,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ μ œκ°€ 길을 μžƒμ€ 것 κ°™μœΌμ‹œκ² μ§€μš”.
00:20
and somebody's going to come on the stage in a minute
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그리고 곧 λˆ„κ΅°κ°€κ°€ λ¬΄λŒ€ μœ„λ‘œ μ˜¬λΌμ™€ 친절히
00:22
and guide me gently back to my seat.
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절 λ‹€μ‹œ 제자리둜 μ•ˆλ‚΄ν•  거둜 μƒκ°ν•˜μ‹€ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:24
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
00:30
I get that all the time in Dubai.
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λ‘λ°”μ΄μ—μ„œλŠ” 늘 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:33
"Here on holiday are you, dear?"
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"μ–΄λ¨Έλ‹˜, μ—¬κΈ° νœ΄κ°€ μ˜€μ‹  κ±΄κ°€μš”?"
00:35
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
00:37
"Come to visit the children?
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"아이듀을 λ°©λ¬Έν•˜λŸ¬ μ˜€μ…¨λ‚˜μš”?"
00:40
How long are you staying?"
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"μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ 계싀 κ±΄κ°€μš”? "
00:42
Well actually, I hope for a while longer yet.
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사싀, μ•„μ§κΉŒμ§€λŠ” μ’€ 더 λ¨Έλ¬Ό μƒκ°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:45
I have been living and teaching in the Gulf
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μ „ μ•½ 30λ…„κ°„ κ±Έν”„λ§Œ[페λ₯΄μ‹œμ•„λ§Œ: λ²ˆμ—­μ£Ό] μͺ½μ—μ„œ
00:48
for over 30 years.
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κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” 일을 ν•˜λ©° μ‚΄κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:50
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
00:54
And in that time, I have seen a lot of changes.
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κ·Έ μ‹œκ°„ λ™μ•ˆ, μ „ λ§Žμ€ 변화듀을 λ³΄μ•˜μ§€μš”.
00:58
Now that statistic
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자, μ € ν†΅κ³„λŠ” μƒλ‹Ήνžˆ μΆ©κ²©μ μ΄λ„€μš”.
01:00
is quite shocking.
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[ν™”λ©΄: 세계 총 μ–Έμ–΄ = 6000, 90λ…„ ν›„ = 600]
01:02
And I want to talk to you today
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μ „ 였늘 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„κ»˜
01:04
about language loss
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μ–Έμ–΄μ˜ μ†Œλ©Έκ³Ό
01:06
and the globalization of English.
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μ˜μ–΄μ˜ 세계화에 λŒ€ν•΄ λ§ν•˜κ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:09
I want to tell you about my friend
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μ•„λΆ€λ‹€λΉ„μ—μ„œ μ„±μΈλ“€μ—κ²Œ μ˜μ–΄λ₯Ό
01:11
who was teaching English to adults in Abu Dhabi.
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κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” 제 친ꡬ μ–˜κΈ°λΆ€ν„° ν•΄λ³ΌκΉŒμš”.
01:14
And one fine day,
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μ–΄λŠ 쒋은 λ‚ ,
01:16
she decided to take them into the garden
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μ •μ›μœΌλ‘œ 학생듀을 데리고 κ°”λ‹΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:18
to teach them some nature vocabulary.
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μžμ—°μ— κ΄€ν•œ μ–΄νœ˜ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œμ˜€μ£ .
01:20
But it was she who ended up learning
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그런데 λ°˜λŒ€λ‘œ κ·Έλ…€κ°€ 지역 식물에 κ΄€ν•œ
01:22
all the Arabic words for the local plants,
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μ—¬λŸ¬ μ•„λžμ–΄ 단어듀을 배우고 λ§μ•˜μ§€μš”.
01:24
as well as their uses --
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κ·Έ 뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ, μ‹λ¬Όλ“€μ˜ 이용 방법도 λ°°μ› μ–΄μš”.
01:26
medicinal uses, cosmetics,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆκΉŒ, μ˜μ•½ν’ˆμœΌλ‘œ 효λŠ₯, ν™”μž₯ν’ˆ λŒ€μš©,
01:29
cooking, herbal.
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μš”λ¦¬ 방법, μ•½μ΄ˆλ‘œ ν™œμš©ν•˜λŠ” 방법같은 κ²ƒλ“€μ΄μš”.
01:32
How did those students get all that knowledge?
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μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ κ·Έ 학생듀이 이 λͺ¨λ“  지식을 κ°–κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
01:34
Of course, from their grandparents
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λ¬Όλ‘ , κ·Έλ“€μ˜ ν• λ¨Έλ‹ˆ ν• μ•„λ²„μ§€λ‘œλΆ€ν„°,
01:36
and even their great-grandparents.
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심지어 μžμ‹ μ˜ μ¦μ‘°ν• λ¨Έλ‹ˆ, ν• μ•„λ²„μ§€λ‘œλΆ€ν„° 배운 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:39
It's not necessary to tell you how important it is
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μ„ΈλŒ€ κ°„μ˜ μ˜μ‚¬μ†Œν†΅μ΄ μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜
01:42
to be able to communicate
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μ€‘μš”ν•œμ§€ ꡳ이 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„κ»˜
01:44
across generations.
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λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦΄ ν•„μš” μ—†κ² μ§€μš”.
01:46
But sadly, today,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μŠ¬ν”„κ²Œλ„, μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚ 
01:48
languages are dying
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λ§Žμ€ μ–Έμ–΄κ°€ μ£½μ–΄ κ°€κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:50
at an unprecedented rate.
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μ „λ‘€ μ—†λŠ” μ†λ„λ‘œ λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:52
A language dies every 14 days.
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14μΌλ§ˆλ‹€ ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ μ–Έμ–΄κ°€ 사라지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:56
Now, at the same time,
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그와 λ™μ‹œμ—, 였늘 λ‚ 
01:58
English is the undisputed global language.
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μ˜μ–΄λŠ” λͺ…μ‹€κ³΅νžˆ 세계 κ³΅μš©μ–΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:00
Could there be a connection?
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여기에 무슨 상관관계가 μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
02:02
Well I don't know.
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음, μ „ 잘 λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² λ„€μš”.
02:04
But I do know that I've seen a lot of changes.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ œκ°€ λ§Žμ€ λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό 보아 μ™”λ‹€λŠ” 건 λΆ„λͺ…ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:07
When I first came out to the Gulf, I came to Kuwait
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처음 κ±Έν”„λ§Œ 지역에 왔을 λ•Œ, μ œκ°€ λ„μ°©ν•œ μΏ μ›¨μ΄νŠΈλŠ”
02:10
in the days when it was still a hardship post.
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μ—¬μ „νžˆ 체λ₯˜κΈ°ν”Ό μ§€μ—­μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:13
Actually, not that long ago.
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사싀, 그리 였래 전이 μ•„λ‹ˆμ§€μš”.
02:15
That is a little bit too early.
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이 사진은 μ’€ 였래된 μ‚¬μ§„μ΄λ„€μš”.
02:18
But nevertheless,
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κ·ΈλŸΌμ—λ„,
02:20
I was recruited by the British Council,
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저와 μ•½ 25λͺ…μ˜ λ‹€λ₯Έ ꡐ사듀이
02:22
along with about 25 other teachers.
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μ˜κ΅­λ¬Έν™”μ›μ— μ±„μš©λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:24
And we were the first non-Muslims
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μΏ μ›¨μ΄νŠΈ μ£Όλ¦½ν•™κ΅μ—μ„œ κ°€λ₯΄μΉœ
02:26
to teach in the state schools there in Kuwait.
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졜초의 λΉ„μ΄μŠ¬λžŒκ΅λ„λ“€μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:29
We were brought to teach English
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μ˜μ–΄λ₯Ό κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œ 뢈렀 κ°”μ—ˆμ£ .
02:31
because the government wanted to modernize the country
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μΏ μ›¨μ΄νŠΈ μ •λΆ€λŠ” κ΅μœ‘μ„ 톡해 κ΅­κ°€λ₯Ό ν˜„λŒ€ν™”ν•˜κ³ 
02:35
and to empower the citizens through education.
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κ΅­λ―Όλ“€μ˜ λŠ₯λ ₯도 ν‚€μš°κΈΈ μ›ν–ˆκ±°λ“ μš”.
02:38
And of course, the U.K. benefited
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그리고 λ¬Όλ‘ , 영ꡭ이 얻은 ν˜œνƒμ€
02:40
from some of that lovely oil wealth.
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κ·Έ 맀λ ₯적인 μ„μœ  μžμ›μ΄μ—ˆμ£ .
02:43
Okay.
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μ’‹μ•„μš”.
02:45
Now this is the major change that I've seen --
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λ°”λ‘œ 이것이 μ œκ°€ λ³Έ κ·Έ λŒ€λ‹¨ν•œ λ³€ν™”μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:48
how teaching English
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μ˜μ–΄λ₯Ό κ°€λ₯΄μΉœλ‹€λŠ”
02:50
has morphed
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μƒν˜Έμ΄μ΅μ΄ λ˜λŠ”
02:52
from being a mutually beneficial practice
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μž‘μ€ ν™œλ™μ„ μ‹œμž‘μœΌλ‘œ ν•΄μ„œ
02:56
to becoming a massive international business that it is today.
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κ±°λŒ€ν•œ 닀ꡭ적 κ΅μ—­μ‚¬μ—…μœΌλ‘œ λ°œμ „ν•˜κ²Œ 된 것이죠.
02:59
No longer just a foreign language on the school curriculum,
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더 이상 μ˜μ–΄λŠ” λ‹¨μˆœνžˆ ꡐ과 과정에 μžˆλŠ” μ™Έκ΅­μ–΄ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜κ°€ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:03
and no longer the sole domain
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이제 더이상은 λͺ¨νƒœμΈ μ˜κ΅­μ΄λΌλŠ”
03:05
of mother England,
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지역에 κ΅­ν•œλœ 언어도 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:07
it has become a bandwagon
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μ΄μ œλŠ” 지ꡬ상 λͺ¨λ“  μ˜μ–΄κΆŒ κ΅­κ°€λ“€μ˜
03:09
for every English-speaking nation on earth.
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μš°μ„Έν•œ μ–Έμ–΄κ°€ λ˜μ–΄λ²„λ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:12
And why not?
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λ”±νžˆ μ•ˆ 될 μ΄μœ κ°€ μžˆλ‚˜μš”?
03:14
After all, the best education --
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κ²°κ΅­ 졜고의 κ΅μœ‘μ€,
03:17
according to the latest World University Rankings --
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졜근 세계적 λŒ€ν•™ μˆœμœ„μ—λ„ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚˜λ“―μ΄,
03:20
is to be found in the universities
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영ꡭ과 미ꡭ의 λŒ€ν•™μ—μ„œ
03:22
of the U.K. and the U.S.
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받을 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:26
So everybody wants to have an English education, naturally.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆ λͺ¨λ‘ μžμ—°μŠ€λ ˆ μ˜μ–΄ κ΅μœ‘μ„ λ°›κΈΈ μ›ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:30
But if you're not a native speaker,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ λͺ¨κ΅­μ–΄κ°€ μ˜μ–΄κ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄
03:32
you have to pass a test.
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μ–΄λ– ν•œ μ‹œν—˜μ„ 톡과해야 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:34
Now can it be right
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κ³Όμ—° 학생을 단지
03:36
to reject a student
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언어적 λŠ₯λ ₯만 보고
03:38
on linguistic ability alone?
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κ±°λΆ€ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ˜³μ€κ°€μš”?
03:40
Perhaps you have a computer scientist
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μ–΄λ–€ 천재 컴퓨터 κ³Όν•™μžκ°€ μžˆλ‹€κ³  치죠.
03:42
who's a genius.
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μ–΄λ–€ 천재 컴퓨터 κ³Όν•™μžκ°€ μžˆλ‹€κ³  치죠.
03:44
Would he need the same language as a lawyer, for example?
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κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€λ©΄ κ·Έμ—κ²Œ λ³€ν˜Έμ‚¬μ™€ 같은 μ–Έμ–΄λŠ₯λ ₯이 ν•„μš”ν• κΉŒμš”?
03:47
Well, I don't think so.
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κΈ€μŽ„μš”, μ „ κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ μƒκ°ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:51
We English teachers reject them all the time.
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우리 μ˜μ–΄ ꡐ사듀은 늘 그듀을 κ±°λΆ€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:54
We put a stop sign,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 그듀을 멈좰 μ„Έμš°κ³ 
03:56
and we stop them in their tracks.
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κ·Έλ“€μ˜ μ•ž 길을 κ°€λ‘œλ§‰μ£ .
03:58
They can't pursue their dream any longer,
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그듀은 더 이상 μžμ‹ λ“€μ˜ κΏˆμ„ 좔ꡬ할 수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:00
'til they get English.
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μ˜μ–΄κ°€ 될 λ•ŒκΉŒμ§€λŠ”μš”.
04:04
Now let me put it this way:
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자, μ΄λ²ˆμ—” μ’€ λ‹€λ₯΄κ²Œ μ„€λͺ…해보죠.
04:07
if I met a monolingual Dutch speaker
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μ•” 치료제λ₯Ό κ°œλ°œν•œ ν•œ λ„€λœλž€λ“œμΈμ΄
04:11
who had the cure for cancer,
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μžκ΅­μ–΄ ν•˜λ‚˜λ§Œ ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄,
04:13
would I stop him from entering my British University?
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그의 영ꡭ λŒ€ν•™μœΌλ‘œμ˜ 진학을 막아야 ν• κΉŒμš”?
04:16
I don't think so.
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아닐 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:18
But indeed, that is exactly what we do.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 싀상은 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:21
We English teachers are the gatekeepers.
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우리, μ˜μ–΄ ꡐ사듀은 (외뢀인을 λ§‰λŠ”) 문지기이고,
04:24
And you have to satisfy us first
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ μ˜μ–΄ μ‹€λ ₯이 μΆ©λΆ„ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” 것을
04:27
that your English is good enough.
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μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²Œ 증λͺ…ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:31
Now it can be dangerous
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λ¬Έμ œλŠ” μ‚¬νšŒμ˜ 쒁은 νŠΉμ • 뢀뢄에 λ„ˆλ¬΄ λ§Žμ„ νž˜μ„
04:33
to give too much power
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[ν™”λ©΄: '치크(μ˜κ³„)포인트,' μ›λž˜ '체크포인트(κ²€λ¬Έμ†Œ)' μ—¬μ•Ό 함: λ²ˆμ—­μ£Ό]
04:36
to a narrow segment of society.
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λΆ€μ—¬ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μœ„ν—˜ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:38
Maybe the barrier would be too universal.
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μ–΄μ©Œλ©΄ κ·Έ μž₯벽이 λ„ˆλ¬΄λ‚˜ 보편적이 될 수 μžˆμ„κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:41
Okay.
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μ’‹μ•„μš”.
04:43
"But," I hear you say,
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이런 말을 ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ„ 있겠죠.
04:46
"what about the research?
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, μ—°κ΅¬λ³΄κ³ μ„œλ“€μ€?
04:48
It's all in English."
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μ „λΆ€ μ˜μ–΄λ‘œ λ˜μ–΄ μžˆμž–μ•„."
04:50
So the books are in English,
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κ·Έλ ‡μ£ . 책도 μ˜μ–΄λ‘œ λ˜μ–΄ 있고
04:52
the journals are done in English,
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ν•™μˆ μ§€λ„ λ‹€ μ˜μ–΄λ‘œ λ˜μ–΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:54
but that is a self-fulfilling prophecy.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 그것은 자기 μΆ©μ‘± μ˜ˆμ–ΈμΈ κ±°μ£ . (μžκΈ°μΆ©μ‘±μ˜ˆμ–Έ: νƒ€μΈμ˜ κΈ°λŒ€μ— λΆ€μ‘ν•˜κ³ μž ν•˜λŠ” 심리)
04:57
It feeds the English requirement.
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μ˜μ–΄κ°€ ν•„μš”μ‘°κ±΄μ΄ λ˜λ„λ‘ κ°•ν™”μ‹œν‚¬ λΏμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:59
And so it goes on.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 돌고 λŒμ•„ κ³„μ†λ˜λŠ” κ±°μ£ .
05:01
I ask you, what happened to translation?
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μ œκ°€ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„κ»˜ 묻죠. λ²ˆμ—­μ€ 또 μ–΄λ–€κ°€μš”?
05:04
If you think about the Islamic Golden Age,
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이슬람 ν™©κΈˆμ‹œλŒ€λ₯Ό 돌이켜보면
05:08
there was lots of translation then.
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κ·Έλ•ŒλŠ” λ§Žμ€ λ²ˆμ—­μž‘μ—…μ΄ μ΄λ£¨μ–΄μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:11
They translated from Latin and Greek
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그듀은 라틴어와 κ·Έλ¦¬μŠ€μ–΄λ₯Ό
05:14
into Arabic, into Persian,
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페λ₯΄μ‹œμ•„μ–΄λ‘œ μ•„λžμ–΄λ‘œ λ²ˆμ—­ν–ˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:16
and then it was translated on
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그리고 그것이 λ‹€μ‹œ 유럽의
05:18
into the Germanic languages of Europe
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게λ₯΄λ§Œμ–΄μ™€ λ‘œλ§μŠ€μ–΄λ‘œ
05:20
and the Romance languages.
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λ²ˆμ—­λ˜μ—ˆμ£ .
05:22
And so light shone upon the Dark Ages of Europe.
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κ·Έλ¦¬ν•˜μ—¬ μœ λŸ½β€‹β€‹ 쀑세 μ•”ν‘μ‹œλŒ€μ— 빛이 λ°ν˜€μ§„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:27
Now don't get me wrong;
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자, 제 말을 μ˜€ν•΄ν•˜μ§€ λ§ˆμ…¨μœΌλ©΄ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:29
I am not against teaching English,
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μ €λŠ” 수 λ§Žμ€ μ˜μ–΄ κ΅μ‚¬λ“€μ΄λ‚˜
05:31
all you English teachers out there.
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μ˜μ–΄ κ΅μœ‘μ— λ°˜λŒ€ν•˜λŠ” 것은 μ•„λ‹ˆμ—μš”.
05:33
I love it that we have a global language.
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세계 κ³΅μš©μ–΄κ°€ μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 것은 쒋은 일이죠.
05:35
We need one today more than ever.
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μ–΄λŠ λ•Œλ³΄λ‹€ λ”μš± μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 세계 κ³΅μš©μ–΄κ°€ ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:38
But I am against using it
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ „ 그것을 μž₯벽으둜
05:40
as a barrier.
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μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” 것에 λ°˜λŒ€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:42
Do we really want to end up with 600 languages
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ 진정 단 600개의 μ–Έμ–΄λ§Œμ„ μ›ν•˜μ‹­λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
05:45
and the main one being English, or Chinese?
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κ·Έ μ€‘μ—μ„œ μ˜μ–΄λ‚˜ μ€‘κ΅­μ–΄λ§Œ μ£Όμš” μ–Έμ–΄κ°€ 되기λ₯Ό λ°”λΌμ„Έμš”?
05:48
We need more than that. Where do we draw the line?
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 더 λ§Žμ€ μ–Έμ–΄κ°€ ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν•œλ„λ₯Ό μ •ν•  ν•„μš”κ°€ μžˆλ‚˜μš”?
05:51
This system
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이 μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ€
05:53
equates intelligence
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μ˜μ–΄λ‘œ 된 μ§€μ‹λ§Œμ„
05:56
with a knowledge of English,
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μ§€μ„±μœΌλ‘œ ν•œμ • μ§“μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:59
which is quite arbitrary.
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μƒλ‹Ήνžˆ 독단적인 κ±°μ£ .
06:01
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜+휘파람)
06:07
And I want to remind you
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그리고 μ „ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„κ»˜
06:09
that the giants upon whose shoulders
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ν˜„λŒ€ μ§€μ‹μΈλ“€μ˜ λ””λ”€λŒμ΄ λ˜μ–΄ μ€€
06:12
today's intelligentsia stand
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μœ„μΈλ“€μ—κ²ŒλŠ” μ˜μ–΄κ°€ ν•„μš” μ—†μ—ˆκ³ ,
06:14
did not have to have English,
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μ˜μ–΄ μ‹œν—˜μ„ 톡과할 ν•„μš”κ°€ μ—†μ—ˆμŒμ„
06:16
they didn't have to pass an English test.
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μƒκΈ°μ‹œν‚€κ³ μž ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:18
Case in point, Einstein.
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μΌλ‘€λ‘œ, μ•„μΈμŠˆνƒ€μΈλ„
06:22
He, by the way, was considered remedial at school
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ν•™κ΅μ—μ„œ λ³΄μΆ©μˆ˜μ—…μ΄ ν•„μš”ν•œ μ•„μ΄λ‘œ μ·¨κΈ‰ λ°›μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:25
because he was, in fact, dyslexic.
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ κ·Έκ°€ λ‚œλ…μ¦μ΄μ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:27
But fortunately for the world,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 무엇보닀도 λ‹€ν–‰μŠ€λŸ¬μš΄κ±΄
06:29
he did not have to pass an English test.
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κ·ΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μ‹œν—˜μ„ 톡과할 ν•„μš”κ°€ μ—†μ—ˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:32
Because they didn't start until 1964
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1964λ…„κΉŒμ§€λŠ” 아직
06:35
with TOEFL,
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미ꡭ의 μ˜μ–΄ μ‹œν—˜μΈ ν† ν”Œμ΄
06:37
the American test of English.
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μ‹œμž‘λ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
06:39
Now it's exploded.
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μ§€κΈˆμ€ 폭발적으둜 λŠ˜μ–΄λ‚¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:41
There are lots and lots of tests of English.
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λ„ˆλ¬΄λ‚˜ 많고 λ§Žμ€ μ˜μ–΄ μ‹œν—˜λ“€μ΄ 있죠.
06:44
And millions and millions of students
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수천 수백만의 학생듀이
06:46
take these tests every year.
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맀년 이 μ‹œν—˜λ“€μ„ μΉ˜λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:48
Now you might think, you and me,
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λ¬Όλ‘  μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ μƒκ°ν•˜μ‹€ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:50
"Those fees aren't bad, they're okay,"
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[ν™”λ©΄: IELTS 150뢈+, ν† ν”Œ 150뢈, 토읡 170뢈: λ²ˆμ—­μ£Ό]
06:52
but they are prohibitive
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'μ‘μ‹œλ£Œκ°€ μ € 정도면 그리 λ‚˜μ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ€λ°μš”.'
06:54
to so many millions of poor people.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μˆ˜λ§Žμ€ κ°€λ‚œν•œ 이듀에겐
06:56
So immediately, we're rejecting them.
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엄두쑰차 λ‚Ό 수 μ—†λŠ” μ‹œν—˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:58
(Applause)
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우린 μ¦‰κ°μ μœΌλ‘œ 그듀을 κ±°λΆ€ν•˜λŠ” κ±°μ§€μš”. (λ°•μˆ˜)
07:01
It brings to mind a headline I saw recently:
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μ΄λŠ” μ œκ°€ μ΅œκ·Όμ— λ³Έ 기사 제λͺ©μ„ λ– μ˜¬λ¦¬κ²Œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:04
"Education: The Great Divide."
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"ꡐ윑: κ·Έ λŒ€λΆ„μˆ˜λ Ή"
07:06
Now I get it,
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μ΄μ œμ•Ό μ•Œ 것 κ°™λ„€μš”.
07:08
I understand why people would want to focus on English.
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ™œ μ˜μ–΄μ— μ§‘μ°©ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ μ•Œκ²ƒλ„ κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:11
They want to give their children the best chance in life.
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ μžλ…€μ—κ²Œ 인생 졜고의 기회λ₯Ό μ£Όκ³  μ‹Άμ–΄ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:15
And to do that, they need a Western education.
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그러기 μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” μ„œκ΅¬μ˜ ꡐ윑이 ν•„μš”ν•˜μ£ .
07:18
Because, of course, the best jobs
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄, 졜고의 직μž₯은 λ‹Ήμ—°νžˆ
07:20
go to people out of the Western Universities,
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μ„œκ΅¬μ˜ λŒ€ν•™μ„ λ‚˜μ˜¨ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ μœ„ν•œ κ²ƒμ΄λ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
07:23
that I put on earlier.
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μ œκ°€ μ•„κΉŒ λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦° 데둜
07:25
It's a circular thing.
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이건 돌고 λ„λŠ” μΌμ΄λ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
07:27
Okay.
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자 그럼, μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„κ»˜
07:29
Let me tell you a story about two scientists,
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μ–΄λŠ 두 κ³Όν•™μžμ˜ 이야기λ₯Ό λ“€λ €λ“œλ¦¬μ£ .
07:31
two English scientists.
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두 영ꡭ인 κ³Όν•™μžκ°€ μžˆμ—ˆλŠ”λ°μš”.
07:33
They were doing an experiment
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그듀은 μœ μ „μžμ™€ κ΄€λ ¨ν•˜μ—¬
07:35
to do with genetics
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λ™λ¬Όμ˜ μ•žλ‹€λ¦¬(forelimb)와
07:37
and the forelimbs and the hind limbs of animals.
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뒷닀리(hind limb)에 κ΄€ν•œ μ‹€ν—˜μ„ ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμ£ .
07:40
But they couldn't get the results they wanted.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 그듀은 μ›ν•˜λŠ” κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό 얻을 수 μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:42
They really didn't know what to do,
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그듀이 μ •λ§λ‘œ 무엇을 ν•΄μ•Ό 할지 λͺ°λžμ–΄μš”.
07:44
until along came a German scientist
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μ–΄λŠ 독일 κ³Όν•™μžκ°€ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚˜κΈ° μ „ κΉŒμ§€λŠ”μš”.
07:47
who realized that they were using two words
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κ·ΈλŠ” 영ꡭ κ³Όν•™μžλ“€μ΄ μ•žλ‹€λ¦¬μ™€ 뒷닀리λ₯Ό μΉ­ν•  λ•Œ
07:50
for forelimb and hind limb,
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λ‹€λ₯Έ 단어λ₯Ό μ“΄λ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œμ•„μ°¨λ Έμ§€μš”.
07:52
whereas genetics does not differentiate
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μœ μ „ν•™μ€ κ·Έ λ‘˜μ„ κ΅¬λΆ„ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜κ³ ,
07:56
and neither does German.
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독일어 λ˜ν•œ, κ·Έ ꡬ뢄이 μ—†μ—ˆλ˜ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:58
So bingo,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λΉ™κ³ ,
08:00
problem solved.
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λ¬Έμ œκ°€ ν•΄κ²°λ˜μ—ˆμ£ .
08:02
If you can't think a thought,
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당신이 μ–΄λ–€ 생각을 ν•  수 μ—†λŠ” 경우,
08:04
you are stuck.
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진전이 없이 λ§‰ν˜€λ²„λ¦΄ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:07
But if another language can think that thought,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λ‹€λ₯Έ μ–Έμ–΄λ‘œλŠ” κ·Έ 생각을 ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄,
08:09
then, by cooperating,
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μ–Έμ–΄κ°„μ˜ ν˜‘λ ₯을 ν†΅ν•΄μ„œ
08:11
we can achieve and learn so much more.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 훨씬 더 λ§Žμ€ 것을 배우고 이룰 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:16
My daughter
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제 딸은,
08:18
came to England from Kuwait.
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μΏ μ›¨μ΄νŠΈμ—μ„œ 영ꡭ으둜 μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:21
She had studied science and mathematics in Arabic.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” κ³Όν•™κ³Ό μˆ˜ν•™μ„ μ•„λžμ–΄λ‘œ κ³΅λΆ€ν–ˆμ£ .
08:24
It's an Arabic-medium school.
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μ•„λž 쀑학ꡐλ₯Ό λ‹€λ…”κ±°λ“ μš”.
08:27
She had to translate it into English at her grammar school.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 영ꡭ의 μ€‘ν•™κ΅μ—μ„œλŠ” κ·Έ κ³Όλͺ©μ„ μ˜μ–΄λ‘œ λ²ˆμ—­ν•΄μ•Ό ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:30
And she was the best in the class
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그리고, κ·Έ κ³Όλͺ©μ— κ΄€ν•΄μ„  κ·Έλ…€λŠ”
08:32
at those subjects.
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ν•™κΈ‰μ—μ„œ μ΅œκ³ μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:34
Which tells us
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μ΄λŠ” μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²Œ μ‹œμ‚¬ν•˜λŠ” λ°”κ°€ 있죠.
08:36
that when students come to us from abroad,
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μ–΄λ–€ 학생듀이 μ™Έκ΅­μ—μ„œ 왔을 λ•Œ,
08:38
we may not be giving them enough credit
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 그듀이 μ•Œκ³  μžˆλŠ” 것에 λŒ€ν•΄
08:40
for what they know,
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μ œλŒ€λ‘œ ν‰κ°€ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ„ μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:42
and they know it in their own language.
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그듀은 κ·Έλ“€μ˜ μ–Έμ–΄λ‘œ μ•Œκ³  μžˆλŠ” κ²ƒμ΄μ§€μš”.
08:45
When a language dies,
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ν•œ μ–Έμ–΄κ°€ 사라지면
08:47
we don't know what we lose with that language.
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κ·Έ 언어와 ν•¨κ»˜ 무엇을 더 μžƒκ²Œ 될 지 μ•Œ 수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:50
This is -- I don't know if you saw it on CNN recently --
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이것은 - μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ 졜근 CNNμ—μ„œ 이걸 λ³΄μ•˜λŠ”μ§€ λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² λ„€μš” -
08:54
they gave the Heroes Award
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CNN은 μΌ€λƒμ˜ μ–΄λ¦° μ–‘μΉ˜κΈ° μ†Œλ…„μ—κ²Œ
08:56
to a young Kenyan shepherd boy
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μ˜¬ν•΄μ˜ μ˜μ›…μƒμ„ μˆ˜μ—¬ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:59
who couldn't study at night in his village,
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κ·Έκ°€ μ‚¬λŠ” λ§ˆμ„μ—μ„œλŠ” λ°€μ—λŠ” 곡뢀할 수 μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:02
like all the village children,
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κ·Έ λ§ˆμ„μ˜ λ‹€λ₯Έ 아이듀과 λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€λ‘œ,
09:04
because the kerosene lamp,
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λ“±μœ  λ“±λΆˆμ˜ 연기에,
09:06
it had smoke and it damaged his eyes.
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그의 눈이 손상됐기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
09:08
And anyway, there was never enough kerosene,
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그리고 μ–΄μ°¨ν”Ό μΆ©λΆ„ν•œ λ“±μœ μ‘°μ°¨ μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:11
because what does a dollar a day buy for you?
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μ™œλƒλ©΄, ν•˜λ£¨μ— 일 λ‹¬λŸ¬ μ •λ„λ‘œ 무엇을 μ‚΄ 수 μžˆκ² μ–΄μš”?
09:14
So he invented
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ·ΈλŠ” 돈이 듀지 μ•ŠλŠ”
09:16
a cost-free solar lamp.
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νƒœμ–‘λ“±μ„ 발λͺ…ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:19
And now the children in his village
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이제 그의 λ§ˆμ„ 아이듀은
09:21
get the same grades at school
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μ „κΈ°μ‹œμ„€μ΄ 잘 된 집에 μ‚¬λŠ” 아이듀과
09:23
as the children who have electricity at home.
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λ˜‘κ°™μ€ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ λ°›κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:27
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
09:33
When he received his award,
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κ·Έ 상을 받을 λ•Œ
09:35
he said these lovely words:
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κ·Έ μ†Œλ…„μ€ 이런 멋진 μ†Œκ°μ„ λ°ν˜”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€:
09:37
"The children can lead Africa from what it is today,
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"아이듀은 μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  μ–΄λ‘μš΄ λŒ€λ₯™μΈ 아프리카λ₯Ό
09:40
a dark continent,
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밝은 λŒ€λ₯™μœΌλ‘œ μ΄λŒμ–΄
09:42
to a light continent."
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갈 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. -μ—λ°˜μŠ€ 와동고"
09:44
A simple idea,
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κ°„λ‹¨ν•œ 아이디어 ν•˜λ‚˜κ°€
09:46
but it could have such far-reaching consequences.
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ κ΄‘λ²”μœ„ν•œ 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό 낳을 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:50
People who have no light,
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빛을 가지지 λͺ»ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒμ€,
09:52
whether it's physical or metaphorical,
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그것이 물리적이든 μ€μœ μ μ΄λ“ ,
09:55
cannot pass our exams,
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우리의 μ‹œν—˜μ— 톡과할 수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€,
09:58
and we can never know what they know.
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그리고 우린 그듀이 무엇을 μ•Œκ³  μžˆλŠ”μ§€ μ ˆλŒ€ μ•Œμ§€ λͺ»ν•  κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:01
Let us not keep them and ourselves
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우리 μžμ‹ μ„, 그리고 그듀을
10:04
in the dark.
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어둠에 가두지 λ§™μ‹œλ‹€.
10:06
Let us celebrate diversity.
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우리, 닀양성을 널리 μ•Œλ €λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.
10:09
Mind your language.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ λͺ¨κ΅­μ–΄λ₯Ό μ†Œμ€‘νžˆ μ—¬κΈ°μ„Έμš”.
10:12
Use it to spread great ideas.
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멋진 아이디어λ₯Ό ν™•μ‚°ν•˜λŠ” 데 그것을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ„Έμš”.
10:16
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜) [ν™”λ©΄: μˆ˜λ§Žμ€ 꽃이 λ³΄λŠ” 이 없이 혼자 ν”Όμ–΄ μ–Όκ΅΄ λΆ‰νžˆκ³  κ·Έ λ‹¬μ½€ν•œ ν–₯을 사막 ν—ˆκ³΅μ— ν—›λ˜μ΄ λΏŒλ¦¬λ‚˜λ‹ˆ -ν† λ§ˆμŠ€ 그레이, μ‹œκ³¨ λ¬˜μ§€ λΉ„λ¬Έμ—μ„œ: λ²ˆμ—­μ£Ό]
10:23
Thank you very much.
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정말 κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:25
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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