Why good leaders make you feel safe | Simon Sinek | TED

Prevodilac: Stefan Zrnović Lektor: Dejan Vicai

There's a man by the name of Captain

Postoji čovek koji se zove

William Swenson

kapetan Vilijam Svenson

who recently was awarded the congressional Medal of Honor

i koji je skoro nagrađen kongresnom medaljom časti

for his actions on September 8, 2009.

za svoje delo 8. septembra 2009. godine.

On that day, a column of American

Tog dana, kolone američkih

and Afghan troops

i avganistanskih trupa

were making their way

su se probijale

through a part of Afghanistan

kroz deo Avganistana

to help protect

kako bi zaštitili

a group of government officials,

grupu vladinih zvaničnika,

a group of Afghan government officials,

grupu vladinih zvaničnika Avganistana

who would be meeting with some local

kako bi se susreli sa lokalnim

village elders.

seoskim starešinama.

The column came under ambush,

Kolona je došla pod grmlje

and was surrounded on three sides,

i bila je okružena sa tri strane

and amongst many other things,

i među mnogim stvarima,

Captain Swenson was recognized

kapetan Svenson je krenuo

for running into live fire

da trči kroz pucnjavu

kako bi spasio povređenog

to rescue the wounded

and pull out the dead.

i izbavio ga iz smrti.

One of the people he rescued was a sergeant,

Jedan od ljudi koje je spasao bio je vodnik

and he and a comrade were making their way

i on i njegov drug su se probijali

to a medevac helicopter.

do medicinskog helikoptera.

And what was remarkable about this day

Ono što je bilo upečatljivo tog dana

is, by sheer coincidence,

je da je, pukom slučajnošću,

one of the medevac medics

jedan od medicinskih radnika

happened to have a GoPro camera on his helmet

imao GoPro kameru na svojoj kacigi

and captured the whole scene on camera.

i snimio je čitavu scenu tom kamerom.

It shows Captain Swenson and his comrade

Snimak prikazuje kapetana Svensona i njegovog druga

kako nose povređenog vojnika

bringing this wounded soldier

who had received a gunshot to the neck.

koji je pogođen hicem u vrat.

They put him in the helicopter,

Smestili su ga u helikopter

and then you see Captain Swenson bend over

i potom vidite kapetana Svensona kako se nadvija

and give him a kiss

i ljubi ga

before he turns around to rescue more.

pre nego što se okrene da spasi ostale.

I saw this, and I thought to myself,

Video sam ovo i pitao se,

where do people like that come from?

odakle dolaze ovakvi ljudi?

What is that? That is some deep, deep emotion,

Šta je to? To je veomo duboko osećanje,

when you would want to do that.

kada biste želeli da to uradite.

There's a love there,

Tu je ljubav

and I wanted to know why is it that

i želeo sam da znam zašto

I don't have people that I work with like that?

ja nemam ljude koji tako postupaju?

You know, in the military, they give medals

U vojsci, daju ordenje

to people who are willing to sacrifice themselves

ljudima koji su voljni da se žrtvuju

so that others may gain.

kako bi drugi dobili.

In business, we give bonuses to people

U poslu, dajemo povišice ljudima

who are willing to sacrifice others

koji su voljni da žrtvuju druge

so that we may gain.

kako bismo mi dobili.

We have it backwards. Right?

Mi funkcionišemo obrnuto? Zar ne?

Pitao sam se, odakle potiču ovakvi ljudi?

So I asked myself, where do people like this come from?

And my initial conclusion was that they're just better people.

Moj početni zaključak je bio da su samo bolji ljudi.

That's why they're attracted to the military.

Zato im se sviđa vojska.

These better people are attracted

Tim boljim ljudima se sviđa

to this concept of service.

koncept usluge.

But that's completely wrong.

Ali to je apsolutno pogrešno.

What I learned was that it's the environment,

Otkrio sam da je to okruženje

and if you get the environment right,

i ako tačno shvatite okruženje

every single one of us has the capacity

svako od nas ima kapacitet

to do these remarkable things,

da učini takve prepoznatljive stvari,

and more importantly, others have that capacity too.

i što je važnije, drugi imaju taj kapacitet.

I've had the great honor of getting to meet

Imao sam veliku čast da upoznam

some of these, who we would call heroes,

neke od tih ljudi, koje volimo da zovemo heroji,

who have put themselves and put their lives

koji su se žrtvovali i rizikovali svoje živote

at risk to save others,

kako bi sačuvali živote drugih.

and I asked them, "Why would you do it?

Pitao sam ih: "Zašto to radite?

Why did you do it?"

Zašto ste to uradili?".

And they all say the same thing:

Svi oni su rekli istu stvar:

"Because they would have done it for me."

"Zašto što bi oni to uradili za mene."

It's this deep sense of trust and cooperation.

Tu je duboki osećaj poverenja i saradnje.

So trust and cooperation are really important here.

Poverenje i saradnja su ovde veoma važni.

The problem with concepts of trust and cooperation

Problem sa konceptom poverenja i saradnje

is that they are feelings, they are not instructions.

je da su to osećaji, a ne instrukcije.

I can't simply say to you, "Trust me," and you will.

Ne mogu vam samo reći: "Verujte mi." i očekivati da mi verujete.

I can't simply instruct two people to cooperate, and they will.

Ne mogu samo da podučim dvoje ljudi da sarađuju i oni će sarađivati.

It's not how it works. It's a feeling.

To tako ne funkcioniše. To je osećaj.

So where does that feeling come from?

Odakle potiče taj osećaj?

If you go back 50,000 years

Ako se vratite 50 000 godina unazad

to the Paleolithic era,

u paleolitsko doba,

to the early days of Homo sapiens,

u rano doba homo sapiensa

what we find is that the world

otkrićete da je svet

was filled with danger,

bio ispunjen opasnošću,

all of these forces working very, very hard to kill us.

svim tim silama koje su radile veoma naporno da nas ubiju.

Nothing personal.

Ništa lično.

Whether it was the weather,

Bilo da je to vreme,

lack of resources,

nedostatak resursa,

maybe a saber-toothed tiger,

možda sabljozubi tigar,

all of these things working

sve te stvari koje postoje

to reduce our lifespan.

da bi nam smanjile životni vek.

And so we evolved into social animals,

Evoluirali smo u društvene životinje,

where we lived together and worked together

gde smo živeli i radili zajedno

in what I call a circle of safety, inside the tribe,

u onome što ja zovem sigurnosnim krugom, unutar plemena,

where we felt like we belonged.

gde smo imali osećaj pripadnosti.

And when we felt safe amongst our own,

Kada smo se osećali sigurno među sobom,

the natural reaction was trust and cooperation.

prirodna reakcija bila je poverenje i saradnja.

There are inherent benefits to this.

To su prirodne prednosti.

It means I can fall asleep at night

To znači da mogu da zaspim noću

and trust that someone from within my tribe will watch for danger.

i verujem da će neko iz mog plemena pratiti opasnost.

If we don't trust each other, if I don't trust you,

Ako ne verujemo jedni drugima, ako ja ne verujem tebi,

that means you won't watch for danger.

to znači da nećeš pratiti opasnost.

Bad system of survival.

Loš sistem preživljavanja.

The modern day is exactly the same thing.

Moderno doba je upravo ista stvar.

The world is filled with danger,

Svet je ispunjen opasnošću, stvarima

things that are trying to frustrate our lives

koje pokušavaju da frustriraju naše živote

or reduce our success,

ili smanje naš uspeh,

reduce our opportunity for success.

smanje našu mogućnost za uspehom.

It could be the ups and downs in the economy,

To mogu biti usponi i padovi u ekonomiji,

the uncertainty of the stock market.

nesigurnost tržišta deonica.

It could be a new technology that renders

Ili nova tehnologija koja vaš model

your business model obsolete overnight.

poslovanja čini zastarelim preko noći.

Or it could be your competition

To može biti vaše takmičenje

that is sometimes trying to kill you.

sa nečim što pokušava da vas ubije.

It's sometimes trying to put you out of business,

To ponekad pokušava da vas izbaci iz posla.

but at the very minimum

Ali u najblažem slučaju,

is working hard to frustrate your growth

uporno radi da vam omete razvoj

and steal your business from you.

i ukrade posao od vas.

We have no control over these forces.

Nemamo kontrolu nad tim snagama.

These are a constant,

One su konstantne

and they're not going away.

i ne nestaju.

The only variable are the conditions

Jedina promenljiva su uslovi

inside the organization,

unutar organizacije

and that's where leadership matters,

i tu liderstvo znači

because it's the leader that sets the tone.

jer lider postavlja pravila.

When a leader makes the choice

Kada lider pravi izbor da na prvo mesto

to put the safety and lives

stavi sigurnost i živote

of the people inside the organization first,

ljudi unutar ogranizacije,

to sacrifice their comforts and sacrifice

da žrtvuje njihov komfor i žrtvuje

the tangible results, so that the people remain

bitne rezultate, kako bi ljudi ostali

and feel safe and feel like they belong,

i osećali se sigurno i da pripadaju,

remarkable things happen.

značajne stvari se događaju.

I was flying on a trip,

Leteo sam na put

and I was witness to an incident

i bio svedok incidenta

where a passenger attempted to board

gde je putnik ušao u avion

before their number was called,

pre nego što je njegov broj objavljen.

and I watched the gate agent

Gledao sam radnika obezbeđenja koji se prema tom čoveku

treat this man like he had broken the law,

odnosio kao da je prekršio zakon,

like a criminal.

poput kriminalca.

He was yelled at for attempting to board

Vikali su na njega jer je pokušao

one group too soon.

da se ukrca u grupu pre njegove.

So I said something.

Rekao sam nešto,

I said, "Why do you have treat us like cattle?

rekao sam: "Zašto nas tretirate kao stoku?

Why can't you treat us like human beings?"

Zašto ne možete da nas tretirate kao ljude?"

And this is exactly what she said to me.

Ona mi je odgovorila tačno ovako:

She said, "Sir, if I don't follow the rules,

Rekla je: "Gospodine, ako ne poštujem pravila,

I could get in trouble or lose my job."

mogu upasti u nevolju i izgubiti svoj posao."

All she was telling me

Govorila mi je

is that she doesn't feel safe.

da se ne oseća sigurno.

All she was telling me is that

Rekla mi je da

she doesn't trust her leaders.

ne veruje liderima.

The reason we like flying Southwest Airlines

Razlog zbog kojeg volimo da letimo Sautvest Erlajnsom

is not because they necessarily hire better people.

nije zato što oni obavezno zapošljavaju bolje ljude.

It's because they don't fear their leaders.

Već zato što se ne plaše svojih lidera.

You see, if the conditions are wrong,

Vidite, ukoliko su uslovi loši,

prisiljeni smo da uložimo više svojeg vremena i energije

we are forced to expend our own time and energy

to protect ourselves from each other,

da se zaštitimo jedni od drugih,

and that inherently weakens the organization.

a to slabi organizaciju iznutra. Kada se osećamo

When we feel safe inside the organization,

sigurno unutar organizacije,

we will naturally combine our talents

prirodno ćemo kombinovati svoje talente

and our strengths and work tirelessly

i snage i neumorno raditi

to face the dangers outside

da bi se suočili sa opasnostima

and seize the opportunities.

i ugrabili prilike.

The closest analogy I can give

Najbliža analogija tome

to what a great leader is, is like being a parent.

kako dobar lider izgleda je biti roditelj.

Ako razmišljate kako izgleda dobar roditelj,

If you think about what being a great parent is,

what do you want? What makes a great parent?

šta želite? Šta čini dobrog roditelja?

We want to give our child opportunities,

Želimo da pružimo deci prilike,

education, discipline them when necessary,

obrazovanje, da ih disciplinujemo kada je neophodno,

all so that they can grow up and achieve more

sve to kako bi odrasli i postigli više

than we could for ourselves.

nego što smo mi mogli za sebe.

Great leaders want exactly the same thing.

Veliki lideri žele upravo istu stvar.

They want to provide their people opportunity,

Da pruže priliku svojim ljudima,

education, discipline when necessary,

obrazovanje, neophodnu disciplinu,

build their self-confidence, give them the opportunity to try and fail,

izgrade svoje samopouzdanje, pruže im priliku da probaju i ne uspeju,

all so that they could achieve more

sve to da bi mogli da postignu više

than we could ever imagine for ourselves.

nego što smo mi mogli da zamislimo za sebe.

Charlie Kim, who's the CEO of a company called Next Jump

Čarli Kim, direktor firme "Next Jump"

in New York City, a tech company,

iz Njujorka, to je tehnička firma,

he makes the point that

kaže da

if you had hard times in your family,

ako imate teške periode u porodici,

would you ever consider laying off one of your children?

da li biste ikada lagali svoju decu o tome?

We would never do it.

Ne bismo nikada to uradili.

Then why do we consider laying off people

Zašto bismo onda otpuštali ljude

inside our organization?

unutar svoje organizacije?

Charlie implemented a policy

Čarli je implementirao polisu

of lifetime employment.

životnog zapošljavanja.

If you get a job at Next Jump,

Ako dobijete posao u Next Jump-u,

you cannot get fired for performance issues.

ne možete dobiti otkaz zbog problema u radu.

In fact, if you have issues,

Zapravo, ako imate probleme,

they will coach you and they will give you support,

oni će vas podučiti i daće vam podršku,

just like we would with one of our children

kao što bismo dali svojoj deci

who happens to come home with a C from school.

koja se vrate kući iz škole sa trojkom.

It's the complete opposite.

To je potpuno suprotno.

This is the reason so many people

To je razlog zašto mnogo ljudi

have such a visceral hatred, anger,

ima tako unutrašnju mržnju, bes,

at some of these banking CEOs

prema nekim direktorima banaka

with their disproportionate salaries and bonus structures.

sa svojim strukturama neravnomernih plata i povišica.

It's not the numbers.

To nisu brojevi.

It's that they have violated the very definition of leadership.

Zloupotrebili su definiciju liderstva.

They have violated this deep-seated social contract.

Zloupotrebili su duboko usađeni društveni ugovor.

We know that they allowed their people

Znamo da su žrtvovali svoje ljude

to be sacrificed so they could protect their own interests,

kako bi mogli da zaštite sopstvene interese

or worse, they sacrificed their people

ili još gore, žrtvovali su svoje ljude

to protect their own interests.

da zaštite sopstvene interese.

This is what so offends us, not the numbers.

To je ono što nas vređa, a ne brojevi.

Zašto bi se iko vređao ako bismo dali

Would anybody be offended if we gave

a $150 million bonus to Gandhi?

150 miliona dolara povišice Gandiju?

How about a $250 million bonus to Mother Teresa?

Ili recimo 250 miliona dolara povišice majki Terezi?

Do we have an issue with that? None at all.

Imamo li problem sa time? Nikako.

None at all.

Nikako.

Great leaders would never sacrifice

Veliki lideri nikada ne bi žrtvovali

the people to save the numbers.

ljude da sačuvaju brojeve.

They would sooner sacrifice the numbers

Pre bi žrtvovali brojeve

to save the people.

da sačuvaju ljude.

Bob Chapman, who runs

Bob Čepman, koji vodi

a large manufacturing company in the Midwest

veliku firmu na srednjem zapadu

called Barry-Wehmiller,

po imenu "Beri Vemiler",

in 2008 was hit very hard by the recession,

2008. godine bio je snažno pogođen recesijom

and they lost 30 percent of their orders overnight.

i izgubili su 30 posto svojih narudžbina preko noći.

Now in a large manufacturing company,

U velikoj firmi,

this is a big deal,

to je velika stvar

and they could no longer afford their labor pool.

i ne mogu više da priušte svoju radnu snagu.

They needed to save 10 million dollars,

Treba da sačuvaju 10 miliona dolara,

so, like so many companies today,

kao i mnoge firme danas,

the board got together and discussed layoffs.

odbor se sastao i diskutovao o otpuštanjima.

And Bob refused.

Bob je to odbio.

You see, Bob doesn't believe in head counts.

Bob ne veruje u broj glava.

Bob believes in heart counts,

Bob veruje u broj srca

and it's much more difficult to simply reduce

i mnogo je teže samo smanjiti

the heart count.

broj srca.

And so they came up with a furlough program.

I oni su izašli sa programom odsustva.

Every employee, from secretary to CEO,

Svaki zaposleni, od sekretarice do direktora,

was required to take four weeks of unpaid vacation.

trebalo je da uzme 4 sedmice neplaćenog odmora.

They could take it any time they wanted,

Mogli su ga uzeti kad god su želeli

and they did not have to take it consecutively.

i nisu morali da to rade jedan za drugim.

But it was how Bob announced the program

Ali način na koji je Bob objavio program

that mattered so much.

je bio veoma bitan.

He said, it's better that we should all suffer a little

Rekao je: "Bolje je da svi patimo malo

than any of us should have to suffer a lot,

nego da svako od nas pati mnogo.

and morale went up.

I moral je skočio.

They saved 20 million dollars,

Sačuvali su 20 miliona dolara

and most importantly, as would be expected,

i što je najvažnije, a bilo je očekivano,

when the people feel safe and protected by the leadership in the organization,

kada se ljudi osećaju sigurno i zaštićeno liderstvom u organizaciji,

the natural reaction is to trust and cooperate.

prirodna reakcija je poverenje i saradnja.

And quite spontaneously, nobody expected,

Prilično spontano, kada niko nije očekivao,

people started trading with each other.

ljudi su počeli da trguju jedni sa drugima.

Those who could afford it more

Oni koji su mogli da priušte više

would trade with those who could afford it less.

trgovali bi sa onima koji mogu manje.

People would take five weeks

Ljudi bi uzeli pet sedmica

so that somebody else only had to take three.

kako bi neko drugi morao da uzme samo tri.

Leadership is a choice. It is not a rank.

Liderstvo je izbor. Nije čin.

I know many people at the seniormost

Poznajem puno ljudi na visokim

levels of organizations

nivoima organizacija

who are absolutely not leaders.

koji uopšte nisu lideri.

They are authorities, and we do what they say

Oni su autoriteti i radimo šta kažu

because they have authority over us,

jer imaju autoritet nad nama,

but we would not follow them.

ali ne bismo ih pratili.

And I know many people

Poznajem puno ljudi

who are at the bottoms of organizations

koji su na dnu organizacija

who have no authority

koji nemaju autoritet

and they are absolutely leaders,

ali su definitvno lideri,

and this is because they have chosen to look after

jer su izabrali da prate

the person to the left of them,

osobu levo od sebe

and they have chosen to look after

i izabrali su da prate

the person to the right of them.

osobu desno od sebe.

This is what a leader is.

To je lider.

I heard a story

Čuo sam priču

of some Marines

nekih marinaca

who were out in theater,

koji su bili u pozorištu,

and as is the Marine custom,

i kako je praksa marinaca,

the officer ate last,

oficir je jeo poslednji

and he let his men eat first,

i pustio je svoje ljude da jedu prvi.

and when they were done,

Kada su završili

there was no food left for him.

nije ostalo hrane za njega.

And when they went back out in the field,

Kada se vratio nazad na polje,

his men brought him some of their food

njegovi ljudi su mu doneli svoju hranu

so that he may eat,

kako bi jeo,

because that's what happens.

jer to tako funkcioniše.

We call them leaders because they go first.

Zovemo ih liderima jer idu prvi.

We call them leaders because they take the risk

Zovemo ih tako jer preuzimaju rizik

before anybody else does.

pre bilo koga drugog.

We call them leaders because they will choose

Zovemo ih liderima jer će izabrati

to sacrifice so that their people

da se žrtvuju kako bi njihovi ljudi

may be safe and protected

bili sigurni i zaštićeni

and so their people may gain,

da bi njihovi ljudi dobili,

and when we do, the natural response

a kada radimo, prirodan odgovor

is that our people will sacrifice for us.

je da će se ljudi žrtvovati za nas.

They will give us their blood and sweat and tears

Daće nam svoju krv, suze i znoj

to see that their leader's vision comes to life,

da bi videli da njihova liderska vizija oživljava.

and when we ask them, "Why would you do that?

Kada ih pitamo: "Zašto bi to radio?"

Why would you give your blood and sweat and tears

Zašto bi dao svoju krv, suze i znoj

for that person?" they all say the same thing:

za tu osobu?", oni će reći istu stvar:

"Because they would have done it for me."

"Zato što bi oni to učinili za mene."

And isn't that the organization

Zar to nije organizacija

we would all like to work in?

u kakvoj bismo svi voleli da radimo?

Thank you very much.

Hvala vam mnogo.

Thank you. (Applause)

Hvala vam. (Aplauz)

Thank you. (Applause)

Hvala vam. (Aplauz)