Dare to Educate Afghan Girls | Shabana Basij-Rasikh | TED Talks

Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast

Prevodilac: Mile Živković Lektor: Anja Saric

When I was 11,

Kada sam imala 11 godina,

I remember waking up one morning to the sound of joy in my house.

sećam se da sam se jednog jutra probudila uz zvuke radosti u svojoj kući.

My father was listening to BBC News

Moj otac je slušao vesti na BBC stanici

on his small, gray radio.

na svom malom, sivom radiju.

There was a big smile on his face which was unusual then,

Imao je širok osmeh na licu, što je u to vreme bilo neuobičajeno,

because the news mostly depressed him.

jer su ga vesti uglavnom deprimirale.

"The Taliban are gone!" my father shouted.

"Talibani su otišli!", povikao je moj otac.

I didn't know what it meant,

Nisam znala šta je to značilo,

but I could see that my father was very, very happy.

ali mogla sam da vidim da je moj otac bio veoma, veoma srećan.

"You can go to a real school now," he said.

"Sada možeš da ideš u pravu školu," rekao mi je.

A morning that I will never forget.

Nikada neću zaboraviti to jutro.

A real school.

Prava škola.

You see, I was six when the Taliban took over Afghanistan

Vidite, imala sam 6 godina kada su Talibani zaposeli Avganistan

and made it illegal for girls to go to school.

i zabranili devojčicama da idu u školu.

So for the next five years, I dressed as a boy

Tako sam se sledećih pet godina oblačila kao dečak

to escort my older sister, who was no longer allowed

kako bih pratila svoju stariju sestru u tajnu školu,

to be outside alone, to a secret school.

jer joj više nije bilo dozvoljeno da sama bude napolju.

It was the only way we both could be educated.

To je bio jedini način da se obe školujemo.

Each day, we took a different route

Svakog dana išle smo drugačijim putem

so that no one would suspect where we were going.

kako niko ne bi posumnjao kuda smo išle.

We would cover our books in grocery bags

Sakrivale smo knjige u kese od namirnica

so it would seem we were just out shopping.

kako bi izgledalo kao da smo samo izašle u kupovinu.

The school was in a house,

Škola je bila u jednoj kući,

more than 100 of us packed in one small living room.

gde je više od stotinu nas bilo sabijeno u jednoj maloj dnevnoj sobi.

It was cozy in winter but extremely hot in summer.

Zimi je bilo prijatno, ali je leti bilo veoma vruće.

We all knew we were risking our lives --

Svi smo znali da rizikujemo svoje živote -

the teacher, the students and our parents.

učitelj, učenici, kao i naši roditelji.

From time to time, the school would suddenly be canceled

S vremena na vreme, škola bi iznenada prestala s radom

for a week because Taliban were suspicious.

na nedelju dana jer bi Talibani postali sumnjičavi.

We always wondered what they knew about us.

Uvek smo se pitali šta su znali o nama.

Were we being followed?

Da li su nas pratili?

Do they know where we live?

Da li su znali gde živimo?

We were scared,

Plašili smo se,

but still, school was where we wanted to be.

ali škola je ipak bila mesto na kom smo želeli da budemo.

I was very lucky to grow up in a family

Imala sam sreće da sam odrasla u porodici

where education was prized and daughters were treasured.

u kojoj se obrazovanje cenilo, a ćerke čuvale.

My grandfather was an extraordinary man for his time.

Moj deda je bio čovek koji je išao ispred svoga vremena.

A total maverick from a remote province of Afghanistan,

Bio je potpuni disident iz udaljene pokrajine Avganistana

he insisted that his daughter, my mom,

i insistirao je na tome da njegova ćerka, moja majka,

go to school, and for that he was disowned by his father.

ide u školu i zbog toga ga se otac odrekao.

But my educated mother became a teacher.

Ali moja obrazovana majka je postala učiteljica.

There she is.

To je ona.

She retired two years ago, only to turn our house

Otišla je u penziju pre dve godine, kako bi našu kuću pretvorila

into a school for girls and women in our neighborhood.

u školu za devojke i žene iz našeg komšiluka.

And my father -- that's him --

A moj otac - to je on -

he was the first ever in his family to receive an education.

on je bio prvi u svojoj porodici koji se školovao.

There was no question that his children

Podrazumevalo se da će i njegova deca,

would receive an education, including his daughters,

uključujući i njegove ćerke, biti obrazovana

despite the Taliban, despite the risks.

uprkos Talibanima, uprkos riziku.

To him, there was greater risk in not educating his children.

Za njega, veći rizik bio je ne obrazovati svoju decu.

During Taliban years, I remember

Tokom vladavine Talibana, sećam se,

there were times I would get so frustrated by our life

ponekad sam bila toliko isfrustrirana našim životom

and always being scared and not seeing a future.

i uplašena jer nisam mogla da vidim nikakvu budućnost.

I would want to quit,

Želela sam da odustanem,

but my father,

ali moj otac,

he would say,

on bi rekao:

"Listen, my daughter,

"Slušaj, ćerko moja,

you can lose everything you own in your life.

u životu možeš da izgubiš sve što poseduješ.

Your money can be stolen. You can be forced to leave your home during a war.

Novac ti mogu ukrasti. Mogu te naterati da napustiš svoj dom tokom rata.

But the one thing that will always remain with you

Ali jedina stvar koja će uvek ostati sa tobom

is what is here,

je ono što se nalazi ovde,

and if we have to sell our blood to pay your school fees,

i ako budemo morali da prodamo svoju krv da platimo tvoju školarinu,

we will.

to ćemo i uraditi.

So do you still not want to continue?"

Dakle, da li još uvek ne želiš da nastaviš?"

Today I am 22.

Danas imam 22 godine.

I was raised in a country that has been destroyed

Odgajana sam u zemlji koju su uništile

by decades of war.

decenije rata.

Fewer than six percent of women my age have made it beyond high school,

Manje od 6 procenata žena mojih godina nastavilo je školovanje posle srednje škole,

and had my family not been so committed to my education,

i da se moja porodica nije toliko posvetila mom obrazovanju,

I would be one of them.

i ja bih bila jedna od njih.

Instead, I stand here a proud graduate of Middlebury College.

Umesto toga, ponosno stojim ovde kao diplomac univerziteta u Midlberiju.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

When I returned to Afghanistan, my grandfather,

Kada sam se vratila u Avganistan, moj deda,

the one exiled from his home for daring to educate his daughters,

onaj koji je bio izbačen iz svog doma jer se usudio da školuje svoje ćerke,

was among the first to congratulate me.

bio je među prvima koji su mi čestitali.

He not only brags about my college degree,

On se hvali ne samo mojom fakultetskom diplomom,

but also that I was the first woman,

nego i time da sam bila prva žena,

and that I am the first woman

i da jesam prva žena

to drive him through the streets of Kabul.

koja ga je provozala ulicama Kabula.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

My family believes in me.

Moja porodica veruje u mene.

I dream big, but my family dreams even bigger for me.

Imam velike snove, ali moja porodica ima još veće snove za mene.

That's why I am a global ambassador for 10x10,

Zato sam svetski ambasador za 10x10,

a global campaign to educate women.

globalnu kampanju za obrazovanje žena.

That's why I cofounded SOLA,

Zato sam jedan od osnivača SOLA-e,

the first and perhaps only boarding school

što je prvi i možda jedini internat

for girls in Afghanistan,

za devojčice u Avganistanu,

a country where it's still risky for girls to go to school.

zemlji u kojoj je za devojčice još uvek rizično da idu u školu.

The exciting thing is that I see students at my school

Uzbudljivo je videti učenice u mojoj školi

with ambition grabbing at opportunity.

kako ambiciozno grabe prilike.

And I see their parents and their fathers

I vidim njihove roditelje i očeve,

who, like my own, advocate for them,

koji ih podržavaju, kao i moj otac mene,

despite and even in the face of daunting opposition.

uprkos obeshrabrujućem otporu, gledajući mu direktno u lice.

Like Ahmed. That's not his real name,

Kao Ahmed. To nije njegovo pravo ime

and I cannot show you his face,

i ne mogu da vam pokažem njegovo lice,

but Ahmed is the father of one of my students.

ali Ahmed je otac jedne od mojih učenica.

Less than a month ago, he and his daughter

Pre manje od mesec dana, na putu od SOLA-e do svog sela,

were on their way from SOLA to their village,

on i njegova ćerka

and they literally missed being killed

bukvalno su za nekoliko minuta izbegli smrt

by a roadside bomb by minutes.

od bombe pored puta.

As he arrived home, the phone rang,

Kada je stigao kući, zazvonio mu je telefon

a voice warning him

i glas sa druge strane žice ga je upozorio

that if he sent his daughter back to school,

da će ponovo pokušati da ih ubiju

they would try again.

ako pošalje ćerku nazad u školu.

"Kill me now, if you wish," he said,

"Ako želite, ubijte me odmah," rekao je,

"but I will not ruin my daughter's future

"ali neću uništiti budućnost svoje ćerke

because of your old and backward ideas."

zbog vaših zastarelih i nazadnih ideja."

What I've come to realize about Afghanistan,

Ono što sam shvatila u vezi sa Avganistanom,

and this is something that is often dismissed in the West,

a što se često odbacuje na Zapadu,

that behind most of us who succeed

je to da se iza većine nas koji uspemo,

is a father who recognizes the value in his daughter

nalazi otac koji prepozna vrednost u svojoj ćerki

and who sees that her success is his success.

i koji vidi da je njen uspeh i njegov uspeh.

It's not to say that our mothers aren't key in our success.

Ne kažem da naše majke nisu ključ našeg uspeha.

In fact, they're often the initial and convincing negotiators

U stvari, one su često prvi i ubeđujući faktor

of a bright future for their daughters,

za blistavu budućnost svojih ćerki,

but in the context of a society like in Afghanistan,

ali u kontekstu društva poput avganistanskog,

we must have the support of men.

moramo imati podršku muškaraca.

Under the Taliban, girls who went to school

Pod Talibanima, devojčice su išle u školu

numbered in the hundreds --

njih stotine -

remember, it was illegal.

setite se, to je bilo protiv zakona.

But today, more than three million girls are in school in Afghanistan.

Ali danas, više od tri miliona devojčica je u školama u Avganistanu.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

Afghanistan looks so different from here in America.

Avganistan se čini toliko drugačijim odavde, iz Amerike.

I find that Americans see the fragility in changes.

Čini mi se da Amerikanci vide krhkost u promenama.

I fear that these changes will not last

Bojim se da ove promene neće trajati

much beyond the U.S. troops' withdrawal.

dugo nakon povlačenja američkih trupa.

But when I am back in Afghanistan,

Ali kad se vratim u Avganistan,

when I see the students in my school

kada vidim učenice u svojoj školi

and their parents who advocate for them,

i roditelje koji ih podržavaju,

who encourage them, I see a promising future

koji ih ohrabruju, vidim obećavajuću budućnost

and lasting change.

i dugotrajnu promenu.

To me, Afghanistan is a country of hope and boundless possibilities,

Za mene, Avganistan je zemlja nade i beskrajnih mogućnosti.

and every single day

I svakoga dana,

the girls of SOLA remind me of that.

devojčice u SOLA-i podsećaju me na to.

Like me, they are dreaming big.

Poput mene, one imaju velike snove.

Thank you.

Hvala vam.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)