The transformative power of classical music | Benjamin Zander | TED

Translator: Carles Caño Reviewer: Maria Vilaubí Monllaó

Probably a lot of you know the story of the two salesmen

Segurament molts de vosaltres coneixeu la història de dos venedors

who went down to Africa in the 1900s.

que van viatjar a l'Àfrica cap al 1900.

They were sent down to find if there was any opportunity

Els havien enviat allà per a esbrinar si hi havia alguna oportunitat

per a vendre sabates.

for selling shoes,

and they wrote telegrams back to Manchester.

I van escriure uns telegrames a Manchester.

And one of them wrote,

Un d'ells hi va escriure. "La situació és desesperant. Stop.

"Situation hopeless. Stop. They don't wear shoes."

Aquí no porten sabates."

And the other one wrote,

Mentre que l'altre va escriure: "Gran oportunitat.

"Glorious opportunity. They don't have any shoes yet."

Encara no tenen sabates."

(Laughter)

(Riures)

Now, there's a similar situation in the classical music world,

Actualment, passa quelcom semblant en el món de la música clàssica,

because there are some people who think that classical music is dying.

perquè hi ha alguna gent que creu

que la música clàssica s'està morint.

And there are some of us who think you ain't seen nothing yet.

Però també hi ha alguns de nosaltres que creiem que encara no heu vist res.

And rather than go into statistics and trends,

I, en comptes de mirar les estadístiques i tendències,

and tell you about all the orchestras that are closing,

i parlar-vos de les orquestres que estan tancant,

and the record companies that are folding,

i de les companyies discogràfiques que fan fallida,

I thought we should do an experiment tonight.

crec que hauríem de fer un experiment aquesta nit -- un experiment.

Actually, it's not really an experiment, because I know the outcome.

En realitat, no es ben bé un experiment perquè jo ja sé el resultat.,

(Laughter)

But it's like an experiment.

Però és semblant a un experiment. Abans de que...

Now, before we start --

(Riures)

(Laughter)

Before we start, I need to do two things.

...abans de que comencem he de fer dues coses.

One is I want to remind you of what a seven-year-old child

La primera és recordar-vos com sona el piano

sounds like when he plays the piano.

quan el toca un nen de set anys.

Maybe you have this child at home.

Potser teniu un nen així a casa.

He sounds something like this.

Sona més o menys així.

(Music)

(Piano)

(Music ends)

I see some of you recognize this child.

Veig que alguns de vosaltres reconeixeu a aquest nen.

Si estudia durant un any i va a classes, als vuit anys

Now, if he practices for a year and takes lessons, he's now eight

and he sounds like this.

(Music)

sona així.

(Piano)

(Music ends)

He practices for another year and takes lessons -- he's nine.

Llavors estudia durant un altre any i va a més classes; ja en té nou.

(Music)

(Piano)

(Music ends)

Then he practices for another year and takes lessons -- now he's 10.

Encara estudia durant un any més i va a més classes; té deu anys.

(Piano)

(Music)

(Music ends)

At that point, they usually give up.

Arribats a aquest punt, normalment abandonen.

(Laughter)

(Riures)

(Applause)

(Aplaudiments)

Now, if you'd waited for one more year, you would have heard this.

Però, si haguéssiu esperat un any més,

haurieu escoltat això:

(Music)

(Piano)

(Music ends)

Now, what happened was not maybe what you thought,

El que va passar, potser no és el que esteu pensant,

which is, he suddenly became passionate, engaged,

que és que, de cop es va apassionar, es va comprometre,

involved, got a new teacher, he hit puberty, or whatever it is.

es va involucrar, va tenir un professor nou, va arribar a la pubertat, o el que sigui.

El que realment va passar és que es van reduir els accents.

What actually happened was the impulses were reduced.

You see, the first time, he was playing with an impulse on every note.

Si us hi fixeu, el primer cop el nen tocava

amb un accent a cada nota.

(Music)

(Piano)

And the second, with an impulse every other note.

I el segon amb un accent cada dues notes.

(Music)

(Piano)

You can see it by looking at my head.

Ho podeu veure mirant el meu cap.

(Laughter)

(Riures)

The nine-year-old put an impulse on every four notes.

El nen de nou anys,

posava un accent cada quatre notes.

(Piano)

(Music)

The 10-year-old, on every eight notes.

I el nen de deu anys cada vuit notes.

(Piano)

(Music)

And the 11-year-old, one impulse on the whole phrase.

I el nen d'onze anys, un accent per a tota la frase.

(Piano)

(Music)

I don't know how we got into this position.

No sé com he arribat a aquesta posició.

(Laughter)

(Riures)

I didn't say, "I'm going to move my shoulder over, move my body."

No he dit "Mouré la meva espatlla cap amunt, mouré el meu cos".

No, la música m'hi ha portat.

No, the music pushed me over,

which is why I call it one-buttock playing.

I és per això que ho anomeno "tocar amb una natja".

(Music)

(Piano)

It can be the other buttock.

Podria ser amb l'altra natja.

(Piano)

(Music)

You know, a gentleman was once watching a presentation I was doing,

Sabeu? Un senyor estaba en una presentació que jo feia

quan jo treballava amb un jove pianista.

when I was working with a young pianist.

Era el president d'una companyia d'Ohio.

He was the president of a corporation in Ohio.

I jo estava treballant amb aquest jove pianista

I was working with this young pianist, and said,

"The trouble with you is you're a two-buttock player.

i li vaig dir, "El teu problema és que ets un intèrpret de dues natges"

Hauries de ser un intèrpret d'una natja."

You should be a one-buttock player."

I moved his body while he was playing.

I vaig moure el seu cos així mentre ell tocava.

And suddenly, the music took off. It took flight.

De sobte la música es va enlairar.

The audience gasped when they heard the difference.

L'audiencia es va quedar bocabadada quan van sentir la diferència.

Then I got a letter from this gentleman.

Llavors vaig rebre una carta d'aquest senyor.

He said, "I was so moved.

Deia, "Estava tan emocionat

que vaig tornar i vaig transformar tota la meva companyia

I went back and I transformed my entire company

into a one-buttock company."

en una companyia d'una natja."

(Laughter)

(Riures)

Now, the other thing I wanted to do is to tell you about you.

La segona cosa que volia fer és parlar-vos sobre vosaltres.

Hi ha 1.600 persones, crec.

There are 1,600 people, I believe.

My estimation is that probably 45 of you

La meva estimació és que probablement 45 de vosaltres

are absolutely passionate about classical music.

sou uns apassionats de la música clàssica.

You adore classical music. Your FM is always on that classical dial.

Adoreu la música clàssica. La vostra ràdio sempre està en una emissora de música clàssica.

You have CDs in your car, and you go to the symphony,

I teniu CDs al cotxe, i aneu a concerts.

your children are playing instruments.

I els vostres fills toquen instruments.

No podeu imaginar la vostra vida sense música clàssica.

You can't imagine your life without classical music.

That's the first group, quite small.

Aquest és el primer grup; és un grup molt reduït.

Then there's another bigger group.

Després hi ha un altre grup, més gran.

The people who don't mind classical music.

Són les persones que no els importa la música clàssica.

(Laughter)

(Riures)

You know, you've come home from a long day,

Arribeu a casa després d'un llarg dia,

and you take a glass of wine, and you put your feet up.

preneu una copa de vi i poseu els peus en alt.

A little Vivaldi in the background doesn't do any harm.

Una mica de Vivaldi de fons no fa cap mal a ningú.

(Riures)

That's the second group.

Aquest és el segon grup.

Now comes the third group:

Ara toca el tercer grup.

people who never listen to classical music.

Aquesta és la gent que mai escolta música clàssica.

Simplement no forma part de la vostra vida.

It's just simply not part of your life.

You might hear it like second-hand smoke at the airport ...

La podeu sentir com el fum de tabac aliè a un aeroport, però...

(Riures)

(Laughter)

-- and maybe a little bit of a march from "Aida"

... i potser una mica una marxa d'AÏda

quan entreu al rebedor. Però si no, ni us en adoneu.

when you come into the hall.

But otherwise, you never hear it.

That's probably the largest group.

Aquest és probablement el grup més gran de tots.

També hi ha un grup molt reduït.

And then there's a very small group.

These are the people who think they're tone-deaf.

De gent que es pensa que no tenen oïda musical.

Un nombre sorprenent de gent creu que no tenen oïda musical.

Amazing number of people think they're tone-deaf.

Actually, I hear a lot, "My husband is tone-deaf."

De fet, sovint sento dir, "El meu marit no té oïda musical."

(Laughter)

(Riures)

Actually, you cannot be tone-deaf.

En realitat, no pot ser que no tinguis oïda musical. A ningú li manca oïda musical.

Nobody is tone-deaf.

Si no tinguéssiu oïda musical, no podrieu canviar les marxes

If you were tone-deaf, you couldn't change the gears

on your car, in a stick shift car.

del vostre cotxe.

You couldn't tell the difference between

No podrieu diferenciar entre

somebody from Texas and somebody from Rome.

algú de Texas i algú de Roma.

I al telèfon. Si la teva mare truca

And the telephone. The telephone.

If your mother calls

on the miserable telephone, she calls and says, "Hello,"

pel miserable telèfon, i diu "Hola"

you not only know who it is, you know what mood she's in.

no només sabreu qui és que truca, a més sabreu el seu estat d'ànim.

You have a fantastic ear. Everybody has a fantastic ear.

Teniu una oïda fantàstica. Tothom té una oïda fantàstica.

So nobody is tone-deaf.

Així que a ningú li manca oïda musical.

But I tell you what.

Però us diré una cosa. No té sentit per a mi continuar amb aquest tema

It doesn't work for me to go on with this thing,

with such a wide gulf between those who understand,

quan hi ha un abisme tan gran entre aquells que entenen,

love and are passionate about classical music,

estimen i s'apassionen amb la música clàssica,

i aquells que no tenen cap relació amb ella.

and those who have no relationship to it at all.

The tone-deaf people, they're no longer here.

La gent sense oïda musical, ja no existeix.

Però inclús entre les tres categories, hi ha un abisme massa gran.

But even between those three categories,

it's too wide a gulf.

So I'm not going to go on until every single person in this room,

Així que no continuaré fins que tota persona en aquesta sala,

al pis d'abaix i a Aspen, i tota la resta que estigui mirant,

downstairs and in Aspen, and everybody else looking,

will come to love and understand classical music.

acabi estimant i entenent la música clàssica.

Això és el que farem.

So that's what we're going to do.

Now, you notice that there is not the slightest doubt in my mind

Adoneu-vos de que no tinc cap mena de dubte

that this is going to work, if you look at my face, right?

de que això funcionarà si em mireu a la cara, d'acord?

It's one of the characteristics of a leader that he not doubt

És una de les característiques d'un lider, no dubtar

for one moment the capacity of the people he's leading

ni un instant de la capacitat de la gent que esta liderant

to realize whatever he's dreaming.

per a fer realitat allò que somia.

Imagineu si en Martin Luther King hagués dit, "Tinc un somni.

Imagine if Martin Luther King had said, "I have a dream.

Of course, I'm not sure they'll be up to it."

Naturalment, no estic segur de que estiguin a l'alçada."

(Riures)

(Laughter)

All right. So I'm going to take a piece of Chopin.

D'acord. Vaig a escollir una peça de Chopin.

This is a beautiful prelude by Chopin.

Es tracta d'un bonic preludi de Chopin. Alguns de vosaltres ja el coneixereu.

Some of you will know it.

(Music)

(Música)

Sabeu que és el que crec que probablement ha passat en aquesta sala?

Do you know what I think probably happened here?

When I started, you thought, "How beautiful that sounds."

Quan he començat, heu pensat, "Que bé que sona."

(Música)

(Music)

"I don't think we should go to the same place

"No crec que haguem d'anar al mateix lloc

les properes vacances d'estiu."

for our summer holidays next year."

(Riures)

(Laughter)

It's funny, isn't it?

És curiós, oi? Com tots aquests pensaments

It's funny how those thoughts kind of waft into your head.

d'alguna manera floten al vostre cap.

I naturalment...

And of course --

(Aplaudiments)

(Applause)

Of course, if the piece is long and you've had a long day,

... i naturalment, si la peça és llarga i heu tingut un dia dur,

you might actually drift off.

us podrieu adormir.

Then your companion will dig you in the ribs

Llavors el vostre acompanyant us clavarà un cop a les costelles

and say, "Wake up! It's culture!" And then you feel even worse.

i us dirà, "Desperta! Això és cultura!" I llavors us sentireu encara pitjor.

(Laughter)

Però se us ha acudit mai que potser el motiu pel qual us entra son

But has it ever occurred to you that the reason you feel sleepy

in classical music is not because of you, but because of us?

amb la música clàssica no és per culpa vostra, sino per culpa nostra?

Did anybody think while I was playing,

Algú ha pensat mentre jo tocava,

"Why is he using so many impulses?"

"Per què utilitza tants accents?"

If I'd done this with my head you certainly would have thought it.

Si hagués fet això amb el cap certament ho haguéssiu pensat.

(Music)

(Música)

(Music ends)

I la resta de la vostra vida, cada cop que escolteu música clàssica

And for the rest of your life, every time you hear classical music,

sereu capaços d'escoltar aquests accents.

you'll always be able to know if you hear those impulses.

Així que anem a veure que està passant realment aquí.

So let's see what's really going on here.

Tenin un Si. Això és un Si. La següent nota és un Do.

We have a B. This is a B.

The next note is a C.

And the job of the C is to make the B sad.

I la funció del Do és fer que el Si estigui trist. I ho fa, oi?

And it does, doesn't it?

(Riures)

(Laughter)

Composers know that.

Els compositors ho saben. Si volen música trista

If they want sad music, they just play those two notes.

toquen només aquestes dues notes.

(Música)

(Music)

But basically, it's just a B, with four sads.

Però bàsicament només és un Si, amb quatre tristes.

(Laughter)

(Riures)

Now, it goes down to A.

Ara baixa a un La. Ara a un Sol i finalment a un Fa.

Now to G.

And then to F.

So we have B, A, G, F.

Tenim Si, La, Sol, Fa. I si tenim Si, La, Sol, Fa,

And if we have B, A, G, F,

what do we expect next?

que esperem a continuació? Oh, això pot haver estat sort.

(Music)

That might have been a fluke.

Let's try it again.

Provem-ho de nou. Ooh, el cor de TED.

(Music)

Oh, the TED choir.

(Laughter)

(Riures)

Veieu com a ningú li manca oïda musical?

And you notice nobody is tone-deaf, right?

Nobody is.

Sabeu, a cada poble de Bangladesh

You know, every village in Bangladesh

i a cada vila a Xina. Tothom sap:

and every hamlet in China -- everybody knows:

da, da, da, da -- da.

na, na, na, na... na. Tothom sap qui està esperant aquest Mi.

Everybody knows, who's expecting that E.

Bé, Chopin no volia arribar al Mi encara,

Chopin didn't want to reach the E there,

because what will have happened?

per què, què hagués passat? S'hagués acabat, com a Hamlet.

It will be over, like Hamlet. Do you remember?

Recordeu Hamlet? 1r acte, escena 3:

Act One, scene three,

he finds out his uncle killed his father.

esbrina que el seu tiet va matar al seu pare.

Recordeu que se'n va a buscar al seu oncle

He keeps on going up to his uncle and almost killing him.

i quasi el mata. I després se'n va

i torna de nou i quasi el mata.

And then he backs away, he goes up to him again, almost kills him.

I els crítics, que seuen a darrera fila,

The critics sitting in the back row there,

han de fer-se una opinió, així que diuen, "Hamlet ho posposa tot."

they have to have an opinion, so they say, "Hamlet is a procrastinator."

(Riures)

O dirán, "Hamlet té complex d'Edip."

Or they say, "Hamlet has an Oedipus complex."

No, otherwise the play would be over, stupid.

No, si no fos així, l'obra s'acabaria, burro.

(Laughter)

Per aquesta raó en Shakespeare omple Hamlet amb tot això.

That's why Shakespeare puts all that stuff in Hamlet --

Ophelia going mad, the play within the play,

Ja sabeu, Ofelia tornant-se boja i l'obra dins de l'obra,

and Yorick's skull, and the gravediggers.

i la calavera de Yorick, i els enterradors.

That's in order to delay --

Tot plegat per a posposar, fins al 5è acte, l'assassinat.

until Act Five, he can kill him.

Passa el mateix que amb Chopin. Està a punt d'arribar al Mi,

It's the same with the Chopin.

He's just about to reach the E,

and he says, "Oops, better go back up and do it again."

i diu, "Mmh, millor tornar enrere i tornar-ho a fer."

Així que ho torna a fer.

So he does it again.

Now, he gets excited.

(Music)

Aquí ell s'anima, això és agitació,

That's excitement, don't worry about it.

no us heu de preocupar pas.

Now, he gets to F-sharp, and finally he goes down to E,

I ara arriba al Fa sostingut per finalment arribar fins al Mi,

però fa un acord erroni. Perquè l'acord que ell busca

but it's the wrong chord --

because the chord he's looking for is this one,

és aquest, i en comptes ell fa...

and instead he does ...

Bé, això s'anomena cadència enganyosa perquè ens enganya.

Now, we call that a deceptive cadence,

because it deceives us.

I tell my students, "If you have a deceptive cadence,

Jo sempre dic als meus alumnes, "Si feu una cadència enganyosa

assegureu-vos d'aixecar les celles, llavors tothom se n'adonarà."

raise your eyebrows, and everybody will know."

(Riures)

(Laughter)

(Applause)

(Aplaudiments)

Right.

Correcte. Així que arriba al Mi, però és l'acord erroni.

He gets to E, but it's the wrong chord.

Ara, prova el Mi de nou. Aquest acord no funciona.

Now, he tries E again.

That chord doesn't work.

Prova el Mi un altre cop. L'acord no funciona.

Now, he tries the E again. That chord doesn't work.

Now, he tries E again, and that doesn't work.

Torna a provar el Mi de nou i continua sense funcionar.

And then finally ...

I llavors finalment...

Hi ha hagut un senyor de la primera fila que ha fet, "Mmmm."

There was a gentleman in the front row who went, "Mmm."

(Laughter)

It's the same gesture he makes when he comes home

És el mateix gest que fa quan arriba a casa

després d'una llarg dia, apaga el cotxe i diu,

after a long day, turns off the key in his car and says,

"Aah, I'm home."

"Aah, ja estic a casa." Perquè tots sabem on està la nostra casa.

Because we all know where home is.

So this is a piece which goes from away to home.

Així que això és una peça musical que s'allunya de casa.

I'm going to play it all the way through and you're going to follow.

I la tocaré tota sencera

i vosaltres el seguireu. Si, do, si, do, si, do, si...

B, C, B, C, B, C, B --

down to A, down to G, down to F.

baixant al La, després al Sol i més tard al Fa.

Almost goes to E, but otherwise the play would be over.

Quasi arribem al Mi, però llavors l'obra s'acabaria.

He goes back up to B, he gets very excited.

Torna al Si, s'emociona. Va al Fa sostingut. Arriba al Mi.

Goes to F-sharp. Goes to E.

És l'acord erroni. És l'acord erroni. És l'acord erroni.

It's the wrong chord. It's the wrong chord.

And finally goes to E, and it's home.

I finalment arriba a Mi, i ja està a casa.

And what you're going to see is one-buttock playing.

I el que veureu és com es toca amb una natja.

(Riures)

(Laughter)

Because for me, to join the B to the E,

Perquè per a mi, per a unir el Si amb el Mi,

I have to stop thinking about every single note along the way,

he de parar de pensar en cadascuna de les notes que hi ha pel camí

i començar a pensar en el llarg, llarg viatge del Si al Mi.

and start thinking about the long, long line from B to E.

You know, we were just in South Africa, and you can't go to South Africa

Per exemple, si parlem de Sudàfrica, no pots fer-ho

sense pensar en Mandela i el seu empresonament durant 27 anys.

without thinking of Mandela in jail for 27 years.

What was he thinking about? Lunch?

En què pensava? En el dinar?

No, he was thinking about the vision for South Africa

No, pensava en la visió de Sudàfrica

and for human beings.

i els éssers humans. Amb això es quedava...

This is about vision. This is about the long line.

es tracta de tenir visió; es tracta del llarg viatge.

Like the bird who flies over the field

Com l'ocell que vola sobre els camps

and doesn't care about the fences underneath, all right?

i no es preocupa dels tancats que té a sota, oi?

So now, you're going to follow the line all the way from B to E.

Així que ara seguireu tot el viatge des del Si fins al Mi.

And I've one last request before I play this piece all the way through.

I tinc una darrera petició abans de que toqui tota la peça sencera.

Would you think of somebody who you adore,

Podrieu pensar en algú que estimeu, que ja no estigui entre nosaltres?

who's no longer there?

Una àvia estimada, un amant,

A beloved grandmother, a lover --

somebody in your life who you love with all your heart,

algú de la vostra vida a qui estimeu amb tot el cor,

però que ja no teniu amb vosaltres.

but that person is no longer with you.

Bring that person into your mind,

Porteu aquesta persona al vostre cap, i al mateix temps

and at the same time,

seguiu tot el viatge des del Si fins al Mi,

follow the line all the way from B to E,

and you'll hear everything that Chopin had to say.

i sentireu tot el que Chopin tenia per dir.

(Música)

(Music)

(Music ends)

(Applause)

(Aplaudiments)

Bé, us estareu preguntant,

Now, you may be wondering --

(Applause)

us estareu preguntant perquè aplaudeixo.

(Applause ends)

You may be wondering why I'm clapping.

Well, I did this at a school in Boston

Bé, vaig fer això en una escola de Boston

with about 70 seventh graders, 12-year-olds.

amb uns 70 alumnes de setè, de 12 anys d'edat.

I did exactly what I did with you,

I vaig fer exactament el que he fet amb vosaltres, I vaig parlar amb ells

and I explained the whole thing.

i els vaig explicar tot plegat.

I al final es van tornar bojos, aplaudint. Es van posar a aplaudir.

At the end, they went crazy, clapping.

I was clapping. They were clapping.

Jo aplaudia. Ells aplaudien.

Finally, I said, "Why am I clapping?"

Finalment, vaig dir "Per què estic aplaudint?"

And one of them said, "Because we were listening."

I un dels nens va dir "Per què estàvem escoltant."

(Riures)

(Laughter)

Think of it. 1,600 people, busy people,

Penseu-ho bé. 1.600 persones, gent ocupada,

involucrada en tot tipus de coses diferents.

involved in all sorts of different things,

listening, understanding and being moved

Escoltant, entenent i commovent-se per una peça de Chopin.

by a piece by Chopin.

Now, that is something.

Això és alguna cosa.

Am I sure that every single person followed that,

Bé, estic segur que cadascuna de les persones ho ha seguit,

understood it, was moved by it?

ho ha entès i s'ha commogut. Naturalment no en puc estar del tot segur.

Of course, I can't be sure.

But I'll tell you what happened to me in Ireland

Però us diré què em va passar.

Vaig estar a Irlanda durant el conflicte irlandés fa 10 anys,

during the Troubles, 10 years ago,

and I was working with some Catholic and Protestant kids

i vaig estar treballant amb alguns nens catòlics i protestants

on conflict resolution.

sobre resolució de conflictes. I vaig fer aquest experiment amb ells.

And I did this with them --

a risky thing to do, because they were street kids.

Quelcom arriscat perquè eren nens de carrer.

I un d'ells va venir a veure'm el següent matí i va dir-me,

And one of them came to me the next morning

and he said,

"You know, I've never listened to classical music in my life,

"Saps, mai abans havia sentit música clàssica,

but when you played that shopping piece ..."

però quan has tocat aquesta peça de 'shopping'' (sona com Chopin, N. d. T.)"...

(Riures)

(Laughter)

He said, "My brother was shot last year and I didn't cry for him.

Va dir, "Al meu germà li van disparar l'any passat i no vaig plorar per ell.

But last night, when you played that piece,

Però ahir per la nit, quan vas tocar aquella peça,

he was the one I was thinking about.

era la persona en qui pensava.

And I felt the tears streaming down my face.

I vaig sentir les llàgrimes caient per les meves galtes.

And it felt really good to cry for my brother."

I, saps? Em va fer sentir molt bé plorar pel meu germà."

So I made up my mind at that moment

Així que en aquell instant vaig decidir

que la música clàssica és per a tothom. Per a tothom.

that classical music is for everybody.

Everybody.

Now, how would you walk --

Llavors, com caminarieu... perquè com sabreu,

my profession, the music profession doesn't see it that way.

a la meva professió, la professió de músic no ho veu de la mateixa manera.

They say three percent of the population likes classical music.

Ells diuen que al 3% de la població els agrada la música clàssica.

Si només poguéssim pujar al 4% els nostres problemes s'haurien acabat.

If only we could move it to four percent, our problems would be over.

(Laughter)

How would you walk? How would you talk? How would you be?

I jo dic, "Com caminarieu? Com parlarieu? Com us sentirieu

si penséssiu que al 3% de la població els agrada la música clàssica?

If you thought, "Three percent of the population likes classical music,

if only we could move it to four percent."

Si només poguéssim pujar-ho al 4%. Com caminarieu?

How would you walk or talk? How would you be?

Com parlarieu? Com us sentirieu

If you thought, "Everybody loves classical music --

si penséssiu que tothom estima la música clàssica...

però que encara no se n'han adonat."

they just haven't found out about it yet."

(Riures)

See, these are totally different worlds.

Veieu, això són dos móns completament diferents.

Now, I had an amazing experience.

Mireu, vaig tenir una experiència increíble quan tenia 45 anys.

I was 45 years old,

Havia estat dirigint durant 20 anys, i de sobte vaig tenir una revelació.

I'd been conducting for 20 years,

and I suddenly had a realization.

The conductor of an orchestra doesn't make a sound.

El director d'una orquestra no emet cap so.

My picture appears on the front of the CD --

Les meves fotografies apareixen a les portades dels CD...

(Riures)

(Laughter)

But the conductor doesn't make a sound.

... però el director no emet cap so.

He depends, for his power,

Depèn de la seva capacitat per a treure el màxim dels demés.

on his ability to make other people powerful.

Això va canviar-ho tot per a mi. Em va canviar totalment la vida.

And that changed everything for me.

It was totally life-changing.

People in my orchestra said,

La gent de la meva orquestra em venia i em deia,

"Ben, what happened?" That's what happened.

"Ben, què ha passat?" Això és el que va passar.

Em vaig adonar que la meva feina era despertar les possibilitats en altres persones.

I realized my job was to awaken possibility in other people.

I, naturalment, volia saber si ho estava aconseguint.

And of course, I wanted to know whether I was doing that.

Sabeu com esbrinar-ho? Mirant als seus ulls.

How do you find out?

You look at their eyes.

Si els seus ulls estan brillant, saps que ho estàs aconseguint.

If their eyes are shining, you know you're doing it.

You could light up a village with this guy's eyes.

Podríeu il·luminar una vila amb els ulls d'aquest senyor.

(Riures)

(Laughter)

Right. So if the eyes are shining, you know you're doing it.

Correcte. Així que si els ulls brillen, saps que ho estàs aconseguint.

Si els ulls no brillen, t'has de fer una pregunta.

If the eyes are not shining, you get to ask a question.

I la pregunta és la següent:

And this is the question:

Què estic fent perquè els ulls dels meus músics no brillin?

who am I being

that my players' eyes are not shining?

We can do that with our children, too.

Podem preguntar-nos-ho també amb els nostres nens.

Who am I being,

Què estic fent perquè els ulls dels meus nens no brillin?

that my children's eyes are not shining?

That's a totally different world.

Això és un món completament diferent.

Now, we're all about to end this magical, on-the-mountain week,

Bé, estem a punt d'acabar aquesta setmana màgica,

we're going back into the world.

i tornarem al món real.

And I say, it's appropriate for us to ask the question,

I jo dic, és adequat que ens formulem la pregunta:

who are we being as we go back out into the world?

Què farem nosaltres quan tornem al món real?

And you know, I have a definition of success.

I, sabeu? Tinc una definició de l'èxit.

For me, it's very simple.

Per mi és molt senzill. No es tracta de benestar, fama o poder.

It's not about wealth and fame and power.

Es tracta de quants ulls brillants tinc al meu voltant.

It's about how many shining eyes I have around me.

So now, I have one last thought,

Tinc un darrer pensament, que es

which is that it really makes a difference what we say --

que allò que diem pot ser decisiu.

Les paraules que surten de les nostres boques.

the words that come out of our mouth.

Vaig aprendre-ho d'una dona que va sobreviure a Auschwitz,

I learned this from a woman who survived Auschwitz,

one of the rare survivors.

una de les poques supervivents.

She went to Auschwitz when she was 15 years old.

La van enviar a Auschwitz quan tenia 15 anys,

And ...

el seu germà en tenia vuit i els pares estaven desapareguts.

And her brother was eight,

and the parents were lost.

And she told me this, she said,

Ella em va dir,

"We were in the train going to Auschwitz,

"Estàvem al tren camí a Auschwitz i vaig mirar abaix

and I looked down and saw my brother's shoes were missing.

i vaig veure que el meu germà havia perdut les sabates.

I said, 'Why are you so stupid, can't you keep your things together

I vaig dir, "Per què ets tan estúpid, no pots tenir cura de les teves coses,

for goodness' sake?'"

per l'amor de Déu? -- com una germana gran

The way an elder sister might speak to a younger brother.

li parlaria al seu germà petit.

Desafortunadament, va ser la última cosa que ella li va dir

Unfortunately, it was the last thing she ever said to him,

perquè mai més el va tornar a veure. Ell no va sobreviure.

because she never saw him again.

He did not survive.

And so when she came out of Auschwitz, she made a vow.

Així que quan va sortir d'Auschwitz, va fer un jurament.

She told me this.

Em va dir. "Quan vaig sortir d'Auschwitz vaig ressucitar

She said, "I walked out of Auschwitz into life

i vaig fer un jurament. Vaig jurar, no diré mai més res

and I made a vow.

And the vow was,

"I will never say anything that couldn't stand as the last thing I ever say."

que pugui ser la darrera cosa que digui."

Bé, podem fer això? No. I ens farem mal a nosaltres

Now, can we do that? No.

And we'll make ourselves wrong and others wrong.

i als demés. Però ens podria succeïr. Gràcies.

But it is a possibility to live into.

Thank you.

(Applause)

(Aplaudiments)

Shining eyes.

Ulls brillants, ulls brillants.

(Applause)

Shining eyes.

(Applause)

Thank you, thank you.

Gràcies, gràcies.

(Música)