New thinking on the climate crisis | Al Gore

240,978 views ・ 2008-04-08

TED


Tafadhali bofya mara mbili manukuu ya Kiingereza hapa chini ili kucheza video.

00:18
I have given the slide show that I gave here two years ago about 2,000 times.
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Nimeshaonyesha kielelezopicha hiki ambacho nilikionyesha hapa miaka miwili iliyopita kwa mara takriban 2,000
00:25
I'm giving a short slide show this morning
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Asubuhi ya leo nitatoa kielelezopicha kifupi
00:30
that I'm giving for the very first time, so --
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ambacho ninakitoa kwa mara ya kwanza, kwa hiyo
00:33
well it's -- I don't want or need to raise the bar,
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-- sitaki wala sihitaji kupandisha matumaini;
00:38
I'm actually trying to lower the bar.
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Ninajaribu kushusha matumaini.
00:39
Because I've cobbled this together
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Kwasababu nimeisuka hii pamoja kujaribu
00:44
to try to meet the challenge of this session.
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kukidhi changamoto la kipindi hiki.
00:49
And I was reminded by Karen Armstrong's fantastic presentation
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Na nilikumbushwa na mada nzuri aliyoitoa Karen Armstrong
00:54
that religion really properly understood
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kwamba dini ikieleweka vizuri
01:00
is not about belief, but about behavior.
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cha muhimu siyo imani, bali tabia.
01:03
Perhaps we should say the same thing about optimism.
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Labda tuseme hivyo hivyo kuhusu matarajio.
01:07
How dare we be optimistic?
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Tunawezaje kuwa na matarajio?
01:11
Optimism is sometimes characterized as a belief, an intellectual posture.
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Matarajio wakati mwingine yanachukuliwa kama imani, mtazamo wa kisomi
01:19
As Mahatma Gandhi famously said,
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Kama vile Mahatma Ghandi alivyosema,
01:22
"You must become the change you wish to see in the world."
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"Inakubidi uwe mabadiliko unayopenda kuyaona katika dunia."
01:25
And the outcome about which
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Na matokeo ambayo
01:27
we wish to be optimistic is not going to be created
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tunatamani yawe matarajio hayawezi kutokea
01:32
by the belief alone, except to the extent that the belief
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kwa imani peke yake, isipokuwa kwa kiwango ambacho imani
01:37
brings about new behavior. But the word "behavior"
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inaleta tabia mpya. Lakini neno "tabia"
01:43
is also, I think, sometimes misunderstood in this context.
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pia nadhani, wakati mwingine halieleweki katika muktadha huu.
01:47
I'm a big advocate of changing
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Mimi ni mtetezi wa kubadili
01:50
the lightbulbs and buying hybrids,
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taa za umeme na kununua chotara,
01:53
and Tipper and I put 33 solar panels on our house,
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mimi na Tipper tuliweka vibango vya kunasa mwanga wa jua 33 katika nyumba yetu,
01:57
and dug the geothermal wells, and did all of that other stuff.
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na ninachimba visima vya nguvujoto, na ninafanya mambo mengine mengi tu.
02:02
But, as important as it is to change the lightbulbs,
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Lakini, kama ilivyo muhimu kubadilisha taa za umeme,
02:06
it is more important to change the laws.
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ni muhimu zaidi kubadilisha sheria.
02:08
And when we change our behavior in our daily lives,
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Na tukibadili tabia zetu katika maisha yetu ya kila siku,
02:14
we sometimes leave out the citizenship part
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mara nyingine tunaacha sehemu ya uraia
02:17
and the democracy part. In order to be optimistic about this,
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na sehemu ya demokrasia. Ili tuwe na matarajio kuhusu hili,
02:24
we have to become incredibly active as citizens in our democracy.
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ni lazima tuwe raia wa mstari wa mbele katika demokrasia yetu.
02:30
In order to solve the climate crisis,
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Ili kuweza kutatua matatizo ya mabadiliko ya hali ya hewa,
02:32
we have to solve the democracy crisis.
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inabidi tutatue matatizo ya demokrasia.
02:35
And we have one.
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(Makofi). Na tunalo moja.
02:37
I have been trying to tell this story for a long time.
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Nimekuwa nikijaribu kuielezea habari hii kwa muda mrefu.
02:42
I was reminded of that recently, by a woman
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Nilikumbushwa kuhusu hili hivi karibuni na mwanamke
02:46
who walked past the table I was sitting at,
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aliyepita pembeni mwa meza niliyokuwa nimekaa,
02:49
just staring at me as she walked past. She was in her 70s,
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alikuwa akinishangaa wakati akinipita. Alikuwa ni wa makamo ya miaka 70 hivi,
02:53
looked like she had a kind face. I thought nothing of it
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alionekana mwenye sura ya huruma. Sikufikiria lolote kuhusu hilo
02:57
until I saw from the corner of my eye
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mpaka nilipoona kutoka upande mmoja wa macho yangu
03:00
she was walking from the opposite direction,
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alikuwa akielekea upande mwingine
03:02
also just staring at me. And so I said, "How do you do?"
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huku akinishangaa. Kwa hiyo nikamwambia, "Waonaje hali?"
03:06
And she said, "You know, if you dyed your hair black,
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Na alisema, "Wajua, kama nywele zako ungeziweka rangi nyeusi,
03:09
you would look just like Al Gore." (Laughter)
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ungefanana na Al Gore." (kicheko).
03:19
Many years ago, when I was a young congressman,
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Miaka mingi iliyopita, wakati nikiwa mbunge kijana,
03:21
I spent an awful lot of time dealing with the challenge
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nilitumia muda mwingi sana kupambana na changamoto hili
03:25
of nuclear arms control -- the nuclear arms race.
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la kuzuia silaha za nyuklia -- mashindano ya silaha za nyuklia.
03:28
And the military historians taught me,
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Na mwanahistoria wa jeshi alinifundisha
03:31
during that quest, that military conflicts are typically
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katika kipindi kile kuwa migongano ya kijeshi
03:36
put into three categories: local battles,
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inawekwa katika makundi matatu: mapigano ya ndani,
03:41
regional or theater wars, and the rare but all-important
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mapigano ya kanda na machache lakini muhimu
03:46
global, world war -- strategic conflicts.
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ya ulimwengu, vita vya dunia. Migongano ya kimkakati.
03:51
And each level of conflict requires a different allocation of resources,
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Na kila hatua ya mgongano inahitaji mgawanyo tofauti wa rasilimali
03:56
a different approach,
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mbinu tofauti,
03:58
a different organizational model.
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uendeshaji kwa mtindo tofauti.
04:02
Environmental challenges fall into the same three categories,
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Changamoto za mazingira zimo katika makundi hayohayo matatu,
04:06
and most of what we think about
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na kila tunachofikiria
04:07
are local environmental problems: air pollution, water pollution,
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matatizo ya mazingira yanayotukabili: uchafuzi wa hewa, uchafuzi wa maji,
04:10
hazardous waste dumps. But there are also
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majalala ya uchafu wa hatari. Lakini pia kuna
04:14
regional environmental problems, like acid rain
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matatizo ya mazingira ya kanda, kama mvua ya tindikali
04:17
from the Midwest to the Northeast, and from Western Europe
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kutoka Masharikikati mpaka Kaskazinimashariki mpaka Ulaya Magharibi
04:21
to the Arctic, and from the Midwest
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mpaka Aktiki, na kutoka Magharibikati
04:25
out the Mississippi into the dead zone of the Gulf of Mexico.
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mpaka Mississippi na hata kwenye ukanda wa ghuba ya Mexico.
04:28
And there are lots of those. But the climate crisis
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Na zipo nyingi kama hizo. Lakini matatizo ya hali ya hewa
04:30
is the rare but all-important
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ni adimu lakini ni miongoni mwa migongano muhimu
04:32
global, or strategic, conflict.
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ya ulimwengu au kimkakati.
04:35
Everything is affected. And we have to organize our response
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Kila kitu kinaathirika. Na inabidi tupangilie mikakati yetu
04:40
appropriately. We need a worldwide, global mobilization
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vizuri. Tunahitaji uhamasishaji wa dunia nzima
04:46
for renewable energy, conservation, efficiency
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kwa nishati mbadala, utunzaji mazingira, ufanisi
04:49
and a global transition to a low-carbon economy.
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na dunia ya mapito kuelekea uchumi wa kaboni pungufu.
04:52
We have work to do. And we can mobilize resources
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Tuna kazi kubwa mbele yetu. Na tunaweza kuhamasisha rasilimali
04:56
and political will. But the political will
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na nia ya dhati ya kisiasa. Lakini nia ya dhati
05:00
has to be mobilized, in order to mobilize the resources.
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ni lazima ihamasishwe ili kuhamasisha rasilimali.
05:03
Let me show you these slides here.
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Ngoja niwaonyeshe vielelezopicha.
05:08
I thought I would start with the logo. What's missing here,
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Nilidhani ningeanza na nembo. Kinachosekana hapa
05:15
of course, is the North Polar ice cap.
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kwa hakika ni kilele cha barafu cha Ncha ya Kaskazini.
05:17
Greenland remains. Twenty-eight years ago, this is what the
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Greenland imebaki. Miaka 28 iliyopita, hivi ndivyo
05:24
polar ice cap -- the North Polar ice cap -- looked like
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kilele cha barafu cha ncha ya kaskazini -- kilivyokuwa kinaonekana
05:28
at the end of the summer, at the fall equinox.
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katika mwisho wa majira ya joto wakati jua likivuka ikweta.
05:32
This last fall, I went to the Snow and Ice Data Center
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Msimu wa majira ya kupukutika majani uliopita, nilikwenda kwenye masijala ya takwimu za theluji na barafu
05:36
in Boulder, Colorado, and talked to the researchers
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huko Boulder, Colorado, na nilikaongea na watafiti
05:39
here in Monterey at the Naval Postgraduate Laboratory.
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hapa Monterey katika Naval 'Postgraduate Laboratory'
05:43
This is what's happened in the last 28 years.
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Haya ndio yaliyotokea miaka 28 iliyopita.
05:47
To put it in perspective, 2005 was the previous record.
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Kuliweka hili sawa, mwaka 2005 ulikuwa ni rekodi iliyopita.
05:52
Here's what happened last fall
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Hiki ndicho kilichotokea msimu wa majira ya kupukutika majani uliopita
05:55
that has really unnerved the researchers.
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na imewashtua watafiti.
05:58
The North Polar ice cap is the same size geographically --
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Kijiografia, kilele cha barafu cha ncha ya kaskazini kina ukubwa sawa.
06:10
doesn't look quite the same size --
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Hakionekani kuwa sawa
06:11
but it is exactly the same size as the United States,
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lakini kina ukubwa sawa na Marekani,
06:15
minus an area roughly equal to the state of Arizona.
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ukiondoa sehemu iliyo takriban sawa na jimbo la Arizona.
06:18
The amount that disappeared in 2005
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Kiasi kilichopotea mwaka 2005
06:21
was equivalent to everything east of the Mississippi.
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kilikuwa sawa na kila kitu mashariki ya Mississippi.
06:25
The extra amount that disappeared last fall
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Kiasi cha ziada kilichotoweka msimu uliopita wa majira ya kupukutika majani
06:29
was equivalent to this much. It comes back in the winter,
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kilikuwa sawa na hiki. Kinarudi tena wakati wa majira ya baridi,
06:32
but not as permanent ice, as thin ice --
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lakini sio kama barafu ya kudumu: bali barafu nyembamba.
06:36
vulnerable. The amount remaining could be completely gone
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Dhaifu. Kiasi kilichobaki kinaweza kutoweka chote
06:42
in summer in as little as five years.
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wakati wa majira ya joto katika muda mfupi wa miaka takriban mitano.
06:43
That puts a lot of pressure on Greenland.
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Hii inaleta mgandamizo mkubwa huko Greenland.
06:49
Already, around the Arctic Circle --
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Tayari, katika mzunguko wa Aktiki --
06:57
this is a famous village in Alaska. This is a town
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hiki ni kijiji maarufu huko Alaska. Ni kitongoji
07:01
in Newfoundland. Antarctica. Latest studies from NASA.
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cha Newfoundland. Antaktika. Utafiti wa NASA hivi karibuni
07:10
The amount of a moderate-to-severe snow melting
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Kiasi cha kuyeyuka barafu kwa kiwango cha kawaida mpaka kikubwa kabisa.
07:13
of an area equivalent to the size of California.
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kwenye sehemu yenye ukubwa sawa na California.
07:17
"They were the best of times,
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“Zilikuwepo nyakati nzuri,
07:20
they were the worst of times": the most famous opening sentence
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Ilikuwa ni wakati mbaya”: kifungua sentensi maarafu sana
07:23
in English literature. I want to share briefly
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katika fasihi ya Kiingereza. Ningependa kuwahadithia kwa ufupi
07:26
a tale of two planets. Earth and Venus
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"Hadithi ya Sayari Mbili". Dunia na Zuhura
07:29
are exactly the same size. Earth's diameter
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Zina ukubwa sawa. Kipenyo cha dunia
07:32
is about 400 kilometers larger, but essentially the same size.
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ni takriban kilometa 400 zaidi, lakini ni ukubwa sawa.
07:37
They have exactly the same amount of carbon.
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Zina kiasi sawa cha kaboni
07:39
But the difference is, on Earth, most of the carbon
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Lakini tofauti ni, duniani, karibu kaboni yake yote
07:44
has been leeched over time out of the atmosphere,
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imefyonzwa kwa miaka mingi kutoka kwenye anga
07:47
deposited in the ground as coal, oil,
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imekusanyika katika ardhi kama makaa ya mawe, mafuta,
07:51
natural gas, etc. On Venus, most of it
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gesi asilia, nk. Katika Zuhura, kaboni nyingi
07:54
is in the atmosphere. The difference is that our temperature
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bado iko angani. Tofauti ni hali yetu ya hewa
07:59
is 59 degrees on average. On Venus,
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ni nyuzi 59 kwa wastani. Kwenye Zuhura
08:02
it's 855. This is relevant to our current strategy
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ni 855. Hii ina maana zaidi kwa mkakati wetu wa sasa
08:06
of taking as much carbon out of the ground as quickly as possible,
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wa kuondoa kaboni nyingi ardhini haraka tuwezavyo
08:08
and putting it into the atmosphere.
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na kuiweka katika anga.
08:12
It's not because Venus is slightly closer to the Sun.
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Sio kwasababu Zuhura iko karibu zaidi ya jua.
08:15
It's three times hotter than Mercury,
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Ni ya moto mara tatu zaidi ya Zebaki,
08:17
which is right next to the Sun. Now, briefly,
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ambayo iko karibu kabisa na jua. Sasa, kwa ufupi
08:20
here's an image you've seen, as one of the only old images,
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hii hapa ni picha ambayo mmeiona kama moja ya picha za zamani,
08:22
but I show it because I want to briefly give you CSI: Climate.
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lakini ninaionyesha kwasababu ninataka kuwapa CSI: Hali ya hewa.
08:26
The global scientific community says:
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Jumuiya ya wanasayansi duniani inasema,
08:32
man-made global warming pollution, put into the atmosphere,
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uchafuzi wa mazingira unaosababishwa na mwanadamu, ukiwekwa kwenye anga,
08:36
thickening this, is trapping more of the outgoing infrared.
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unaongeza utando, unaozuia miale inayotoka.
08:38
You all know that. At the last
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Wote mnajua kwamba, angalau
08:39
IPCC summary, the scientists wanted to say,
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Muhtsari wa IPCC, wanasayansi walitaka kusema,
08:43
"How certain are you?" They wanted to answer that "99 percent."
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“Mna uhakika gani?” Walitaka kujibu kwamba ni "asilimia 99.”
08:46
The Chinese objected, and so the compromise was
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Wachina walipinga, kwa hiyo muafaka ulikuwa
08:48
"more than 90 percent."
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“zaidi ya asilimia 90.”
08:50
Now, the skeptics say, "Oh, wait a minute,
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Naam, wenye mashaka walisema, “Oh, subiri kidogo,
08:53
this could be variations in this energy
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hii inaweza kuwa mabadiliko kwenye – hii nishati
08:57
coming in from the sun." If that were true,
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kutoka kwenye jua. “Kama hii ni kweli,
09:00
the stratosphere would be heated as well as the
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basi anga za juu zingekuwa za moto sana sawa na
09:04
lower atmosphere, if it's more coming in.
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anga za chini, iwapo joto zaidi litakuwa linaingia.
09:07
If it's more being trapped on the way out, then you would
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Iwapo litakuwa linazuiwa wakati wa kutoka, kwa hiyo
09:10
expect it to be warmer here and cooler here. Here is the lower atmosphere.
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tungetegemea kuwe na joto kidogo hapa na baridi kidogo pale. Hapa ni anga za chini.
09:16
Here's the stratosphere: cooler.
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Hapa ni anga za kati: baridi zaidi.
09:19
CSI: Climate.
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CSI: Hali ya hewa
09:20
Now, here's the good news. Sixty-eight percent of Americans now believe
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Naam, hapa kuna habari njema. 68% ya Wamarekani wanaamini
09:27
that human activity is responsible
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kwamba shughuli za binadamu ndizo zinasababisha
09:30
for global warming. Sixty-nine percent believe that the Earth is heating up
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matatizo ya ongezeko la joto. Asilimia 69 wanaamini kuwa joto la dunia linaongezeka
09:35
in a significant way. There has been progress,
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kwa kiasi kikubwa. Kumekuwa na maendeleo,
09:38
but here is the key: when given a list
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lakini hapa kuna ufunguo: ukipewa orodha
09:45
of challenges to confront, global warming is still listed at near the bottom.
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kati ya changamoto za kukabiliana nazo, uchafuzi wa hali ya hewa ulimwenguni umewekwa mwishoni kabisa mwa orodha
09:54
What is missing is a sense of urgency.
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Kinachokosekana hapa ni umuhimu wa dharura hii.
09:57
If you agree with the factual analysis,
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Kama utakubaliana na mchanganuo wa hali halisi,
10:02
but you don't feel the sense of urgency,
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lakini huoni umuhimu wa wito huu,
10:05
where does that leave you?
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upo upande gani?
10:06
Well, the Alliance for Climate Protection, which I head
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Naam, Umoja wa Ulinzi wa Hali ya Hewa, ambao ninauongoza
10:09
in conjunction with Current TV -- who did this pro bono --
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kwa kushirikiana na CurrentTV – ambao wameandaa muswaada huu,
10:13
did a worldwide contest to do commercials on how to communicate this.
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walifanya mashindano dunia nzima ya jinsi ya kutangaza hili.
10:17
This is the winner.
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Huyu ndiye mshindi.
11:06
NBC -- I'll show all of the networks here -- the top journalists
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NBC – Nitawaonyesha hapa vituo vyote vya televisheni – na waandishi mahiri
11:13
for NBC asked 956 questions in 2007
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wa NBC waliuliza maswali 956 mwaka 2007
11:17
of the presidential candidates: two of them were about
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miongoni mwa wagombea urais: mawili kati yao yalikuwa kuhusu
11:20
the climate crisis. ABC: 844 questions, two about the climate crisis.
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matatizo ya hali ya hewa. ABC: maswali 844, mawili kuhusu matatizo ya hali ya hewa.
11:27
Fox: two. CNN: two. CBS: zero.
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Fox: mawili. CNN: mawili. CBS: sifuri.
11:37
From laughs to tears -- this is one of the older
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Kuanzia vicheko mpaka machozi. Hili ni mojawapo ya
11:41
tobacco commercials.
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matangazo ya zamani ya tumbaku.
11:43
So here's what we're doing.
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Kwa hiyo hiki ndicho tunachofanya.
11:45
This is gasoline consumption in all of these countries. And us.
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Haya ni matumizi ya petroli katika nchi zote hizi. Na sisi.
11:55
But it's not just the developed nations.
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Lakini siyo nchi zilizoendelea peke yake.
12:01
The developing countries are now following us
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Nchi zinazoendelea zinatufuata kwa sasa
12:05
and accelerating their pace. And actually,
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na wanakaza mwendo. Na kwa hakika,
12:07
their cumulative emissions this year are the equivalent
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jumla ya utoaji wa hewa chafu kwa mwaka huu ni sawa
12:10
to where we were in 1965. And they're catching up
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na tulivyokuwa mwaka 1965. Na wanatukaribia
12:13
very dramatically. The total concentrations:
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kwa haraka sana. Jumla ya kiasi chote:
12:17
by 2025, they will be essentially where we were in 1985.
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ifikapo mwaka 2025, itakuwa sawa na tulivyokuwa mwaka 1985
12:23
If the wealthy countries were completely missing
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Kama nchi tajiri wasingekuwepo kabisa
12:28
from the picture, we would still have this crisis.
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hapa, tungekuwa bado na tatizo hili.
12:31
But we have given to the developing countries
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Lakini tumewapa nchi zinazoendelea
12:35
the technologies and the ways of thinking
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teknolojia na njia za kufikiria
12:37
that are creating the crisis. This is in Bolivia --
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ambazo zinaongeza tatizo. Hii hapa ni Bolivia.
12:43
over thirty years.
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Kwa miaka zaidi ya 30.
13:05
This is peak fishing in a few seconds. The '60s.
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Hapa ni unyakuaji wa sekunde chache. Miaka ya 60.
13:09
'70s. '80s. '90s. We have to stop this. And the good news is that we can.
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70, 80, 90. Ni lazima tusimamishe hili. Na habari njema ni kwamba tunaweza.
13:18
We have the technologies.
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Teknolojia tunazo.
13:22
We have to have a unified view of how to go about this:
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Inabidi tuwe na msimamo wa pamoja wa jinsi gani tutakabiliana na hili:
13:27
the struggle against poverty in the world
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mapambano dhidi ya umaskini duniani
13:31
and the challenge of cutting wealthy country emissions,
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na changamoto la kupunguza utoaji wa hewa chafu kwa nchi tajiri,
13:35
all has a single, very simple solution.
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zote zina utatuzi mmoja rahisi.
13:39
People say, "What's the solution?" Here it is.
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Watu wanasema, “Utatuzi ni upi?” Huu hapa.
13:43
Put a price on carbon. We need a CO2 tax, revenue neutral,
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Weka bei kwenye kaboni. Tunahitaji kodi ya CO2, mapato
13:49
to replace taxation on employment, which was invented by Bismarck --
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yatakayoondoa ushuru kwenye ajira, ambao ulivumbuliwa na Bismark --
13:57
and some things have changed
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na mambo mengine yamebadilika
13:58
since the 19th century.
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toka karne ya 19.
13:59
In the poor world, we have to integrate the responses
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Katika ulimwengu maskini, inatubidi tuunganishe mikakati yetu
14:06
to poverty with the solutions to the climate crisis.
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juu ya umaskini na utatuzi wa matatizo ya hali ya hewa.
14:10
Plans to fight poverty in Uganda
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Mpango wa kupambana na umaskini Uganda
14:13
are mooted, if we do not solve the climate crisis.
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utaathiriwa iwapo hatutatatua tatizo la hali ya hewa.
14:17
But responses can actually make a huge difference
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Lakini muitikio unaweza kuleta tofauti kubwa sana
14:25
in the poor countries. This is a proposal
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katika nchi maskini. Hili ni pendekezo
14:30
that has been talked about a lot in Europe.
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ambalo limezungumzwa sana huko Ulaya.
14:34
This was from Nature magazine. These are concentrating
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Hii ni kutoka kwenye jarida la Nature Magazine. Hizi zinazingatia
14:38
solar, renewable energy plants, linked in a so-called "supergrid"
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nishati mbadala ya jua, iliyounganishwa kwenye umeme wa gridi
14:45
to supply all of the electrical power
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kusambaza umeme
14:48
to Europe, largely from developing countries -- high-voltage DC currents.
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Ulaya kote, zaidi kutoka kwenye nchi zinazoendelea. Umeme wa DC.
14:56
This is not pie in the sky; this can be done.
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Hii sio “chapati angani,” hii inawezekana.
14:59
We need to do it for our own economy.
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Tunahitaji kufanya hili kwa ajili ya uchumi wetu wenyewe.
15:02
The latest figures show that the old model
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Takwimu za hivi karibuni zinaonyesha kuwa muundo wa zamani
15:05
is not working. There are a lot of great investments
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haufanikiwi. Kuna fursa kubwa ya uwekezaji
15:09
that you can make. If you are investing in tar sands
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ambayo mnaweza kufanya. Kama unawekeza kwenye udongo wa lami
15:13
or shale oil, then you have a portfolio
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au mafuta, basi una kibindo
15:19
that is crammed with sub-prime carbon assets.
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ambacho kina raslimali za kaboni.
15:23
And it is based on an old model.
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Na kiko katika muundo wa zamani.
15:27
Junkies find veins in their toes when the ones
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Walevi wa madawa haramu wanaona mishipa kwenye vidole vyao wakati zile za
15:30
in their arms and their legs collapse. Developing tar sands
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kwenye mikono na miguu yao hazionekani. Kutengeneza lami
15:35
and coal shale is the equivalent. Here are just a few of the investments
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na makaa ni sawa. Hii hapa ni baadhi ya mifano ya uwekezaji
15:41
that I personally think make sense.
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ambayo nafikiri inaleta maana.
15:44
I have a stake in these, so I'll have a disclaimer there.
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Nina maslahi katika hizi, kwa hiyo nina udhuru hapa.
15:47
But geothermal, concentrating solar,
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Lakini joto la ardhini, kukusanya nishati ya jua,
15:50
advanced photovoltaics, efficiency and conservation.
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betri za miali ya jua za teknolojia ya hali ya juu, ufanisi na uhifadhi.
15:57
You've seen this slide before, but there's a change.
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Mmewahi kuona hiki kielelezopicha, lakini kuna mabadiliko.
16:00
The only two countries that didn't ratify
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Nchi mbili pekee ambazo hazikuridhia
16:04
-- and now there's only one. Australia had an election.
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--na sasa iko moja tu. Australia ilifanya uchaguzi.
16:09
And there was a campaign in Australia
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Na kulikuwa na kampeni huko Australia
16:12
that involved television and Internet and radio commercials
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ambayo ilihusisha luninga na mtandao na matangazo ya redio
16:17
to lift the sense of urgency for the people there.
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kuhamasisha uzito wa dharura hii kwa watu wa huko.
16:19
And we trained 250 people to give the slide show
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Na tuliwafunza watu 250 jinsi ya kuonyesha kielelezopicha hiki
16:23
in every town and village and city in Australia.
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katika vitongoji na vijiji na miji huko Australia.
16:28
Lot of other things contributed to it,
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Vitu vingine vingi vilichangia kwenye hilo,
16:30
but the new Prime Minister announced that
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lakini Waziri Mkuu mpya alitangaza kwamba
16:33
his very first priority would be to change Australia's position
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Jambo lake la muhimu kwanza ni kubadili msimamo wa Australia
16:37
on Kyoto, and he has. Now, they came to an awareness
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kuhusu Kyoto, na amefanya hivyo. Sasa wameelewa
16:42
partly because of the horrible drought that they have had.
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sababu mojawapo ikiwa ni ukame mkubwa uliowakumba.
16:46
This is Lake Lanier. My friend Heidi Cullen
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Hili ni Ziwa Lanier. Rafiki yangu Heidi Cullins
16:50
said that if we gave droughts names the way we give hurricanes names,
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kama tungekuwa tunatoa majina kwa ukame kama tufanyavyo kwa vimbunga,
16:54
we'd call the one in the southeast now Katrina,
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tungeuita ukame wa kusini mashariki Katrina,
16:57
and we would say it's headed toward Atlanta.
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na tungesema kuwa unaelekea Atlanta.
16:59
We can't wait for the kind of drought
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Hatuwezi kusubiri ukame kama huu
17:03
Australia had to change our political culture.
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ili tubadili utamaduni wetu wa kisiasa.
17:05
Here's more good news. The cities supporting Kyoto in the U.S.
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Hii hapa habari njema. Miji inayounga mkono mkataba wa Kyoto nchini Marekani
17:14
are up to 780 -- and I thought I saw one go by there,
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imefikia 780 -- na nadhani niliuona mmoja ukipita pale,
17:17
just to localize this -- which is good news.
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ukirahisisha hii. Hii ni habari njema.
17:23
Now, to close, we heard a couple of days ago
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Sasa kwa kumalizia, tulisikia siku chache zilizopita
17:29
about the value of making individual heroism so commonplace
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kuhusu thamani ya kufanya ujasiri uonekane kitu cha kawaida
17:38
that it becomes banal or routine.
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ili iwe jambo la kawaida.
17:41
What we need is another hero generation. Those of us who are alive
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Tunachohitaji sasa ni kizazi kipya cha majasiri. Sisi tulio hai
17:50
in the United States of America
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ndani ya Marekani
17:52
today especially, but also the rest of the world,
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hasa leo, na hata kwa dunia nzima,
17:55
have to somehow understand that history
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inabidi waelewe kuwa historia
18:00
has presented us with a choice -- just as Jill [Bolte] Taylor was figuring out
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imetupa uchaguzi -- kama vile ambavyo Jill Bolte Taylor alipojaribu
18:10
how to save her life while she was distracted
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kuokoa maisha yake wakati alipokuwa amekinzwa
18:15
by the amazing experience that she was going through.
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na hali ya kushangaza iliyomkumba.
18:19
We now have a culture of distraction.
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Sasa tuna utamaduni wa ukinzani.
18:22
But we have a planetary emergency.
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Lakini tuna dharura ya kidunia.
18:27
And we have to find a way to create,
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Inabidi tutafute njia ya kujenga,
18:31
in the generation of those alive today, a sense of generational mission.
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katika kizazi cha walio hai leo, wito wa dhamira
18:37
I wish I could find the words to convey this.
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Natamani ningepata maneno muafaka ya kuelezea hili.
18:43
This was another hero generation
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Hiki kilikuwa ni kizazi kingine shupavu
18:45
that brought democracy to the planet.
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kilicholeta demokrasia katika dunia.
18:48
Another that ended slavery. And that gave women the right to vote.
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Ambacho kiliondoa utumwa. Na kuwapa wanawake haki ya kupiga kura.
18:55
We can do this. Don't tell me that we don't have the capacity to do it.
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Tunaweza kulifanya hili. Usiniambie kuwa hatuna uwezo wa kulifanya.
19:02
If we had just one week's worth of what we spend on the Iraq War,
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Iwapo tukiwa na wiki moja tu ya gharama tunaitumia kwenye vita vya Iraki,
19:06
we could be well on the way to solving this challenge.
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tungekuwa tunakaribia kutatua changamoto hili.
19:09
We have the capacity to do it.
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Tuna uwezo wa kutenda.
19:19
One final point: I'm optimistic, because I believe
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Jambo la mwisho. Nina matumaini, kwasababu nina amini
19:32
we have the capacity, at moments of great challenge,
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tuna uwezo, katika wakati huu wa changamoto kubwa,
19:36
to set aside the causes of distraction and rise to the challenge
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kuweka pembeni ukinzani na kujikwamua kwenye changamoto hili.
19:42
that history is presenting to us.
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ambalo historia imetuwekea.
19:47
Sometimes I hear people respond to the disturbing facts of the climate crisis
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Wakati mwingine nasikia watu wakiongelea kuhusu hali tete ya matatizo ya mabadiliko ya hali ya hewa
19:59
by saying, "Oh, this is so terrible.
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kwa kusema, "Oh, hii mbaya sana.
20:01
What a burden we have." I would like to ask you
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Mzigo mkubwa tunao." Ningependa kuwaomba
20:07
to reframe that. How many generations
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mbadilishe hilo. Ni vizazi vingapi
20:11
in all of human history have had the opportunity
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katika historia ya mwanadamu wamekuwa na fursa
20:16
to rise to a challenge that is worthy of our best efforts?
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ya kupambana na changamoto lenye kuhitaji juhudi zetu kubwa?
20:25
A challenge that can pull from us
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Changamoto ambalo litatukamua
20:31
more than we knew we could do? I think we ought to approach
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kuliko uwezo wetu wa kutenda? Nafikiri inabidi tukabiliane
20:39
this challenge with a sense of profound joy
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na changamoto hili kwa furaha kubwa
20:43
and gratitude that we are the generation
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na shukrani kuwa sisi ni kizazi
20:48
about which, a thousand years from now,
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ambacho, miaka elfu ijayo,
20:52
philharmonic orchestras and poets and singers will celebrate
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waghani wa muziki na washairi watasheherekea
21:01
by saying, they were the ones that found it within themselves
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kwa kusema, kuwa sisi tulifanikiwa kujitafuta ndani mwetu
21:08
to solve this crisis and lay the basis
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kutatua tatizo hili na kuweka msingi
21:13
for a bright and optimistic human future.
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kwa maisha ya baadae ya mwanandamu yenye matumaini.
21:15
Let's do that. Thank you very much.
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Tufanye hivyo. Asanteni sana.
21:42
Chris Anderson: For so many people at TED, there is deep pain
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Chris Anderson: Kwa watu wengi wa TED, kuna uchungu mkubwa
21:48
that basically a design issue
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ambao ni wa ubunifu tu -- lakini mwishowe,
21:50
on a voting form --
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ubunifu kwenye karatasi ya uchaguzi --
21:52
one bad design issue meant that your voice wasn't being heard
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ubunifu mbaya ni kwamba sauti yako haikusikika
21:56
like that in the last eight years in a position
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kama ile ya miaka nane iliyopita katika nafasi
21:57
where you could make these things come true.
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ambayo ungeweza kufanya kweli.
21:59
That hurts.
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Hii inauma.
22:01
Al Gore: You have no idea. (Laughter)
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Al Gore: Hamuelewi ninyi. (Kicheko).
22:11
CA: When you look at what the leading candidates
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CA: Ukiangalia wagombea wanaoongoza
22:12
in your own party are doing now -- I mean, there's --
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katika chama chako wanachokifanya kwa sasa – Namaanisha, kuna --
22:14
are you excited by their plans on global warming?
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unafurahia mipango yao kuhusu matatizo ya hali ya hewa?
22:28
AG: The answer to the question is hard for me
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AG: Jibu la swali hilo ni gumu kwangu
22:32
because, on the one hand, I think that
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kwasababu, kwa upande mwingine, nadhani kwamba
22:36
we should feel really great about the fact
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ni lazima tuone fahari kwa ukweli kwamba
22:41
that the Republican nominee -- certain nominee --
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mgombea wa Republican – mgombea wa uhakika--
22:47
John McCain, and both of the finalists
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John McCain, na wagombea wote
22:51
for the Democratic nomination -- all three have a very different
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wa Democratic – wote watatu wana tofauti
22:56
and forward-leaning position
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ya mitazamo ya namna ya kusonga mbele
22:58
on the climate crisis. All three have offered leadership,
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juu ya matatizo ya hali ya hewa. Wote watatu wameahidi kutoa mwongozo,
23:03
and all three are very different from the approach taken
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na wote watatu wana mitazamo tofauti kutokana na msimamo
23:07
by the current administration. And I think
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wa uongozi wa sasa. Na ninadhani
23:10
that all three have also been responsible in
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kuwa wote watatu wamewajibika katika
23:14
putting forward plans and proposals. But the campaign dialogue that --
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kupitisha mipango na mapendekezo. Lakini mazungumzo ya kampeni --
23:25
as illustrated by the questions --
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kama yalivyofafanuliwa kwa maswali --
23:26
that was put together by the
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ambayo yalitayarishwa na
23:27
League of Conservation Voters, by the way, the analysis of all the questions --
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Umoja wa Wapiga Kura Watunzaji wa Mazingira, mchanganuo wa maswali yote --
23:30
and, by the way, the debates have all been
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na, mathalani, midahalo yote
23:34
sponsored by something that goes by the Orwellian label,
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imedhaminiwa na nembo ya Orwellian,
23:36
"Clean Coal." Has anybody noticed that?
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“Makaa Safi.” Kuna mtu yeyote ameliona hilo?
23:40
Every single debate has been sponsored by "Clean Coal."
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Kila mdahalo ulidhaminiwa na “Makaa Masafi.”
23:44
"Now, even lower emissions!"
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“Naam, kupunguza zaidi hewa chafu!”
23:46
The richness and fullness of the dialogue
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Ukubwa na uzito wa mazungumzo
23:50
in our democracy has not laid the basis
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katika demokrasia yetu haujaweka msingi
23:53
for the kind of bold initiative that is really needed.
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katika mikakati thabiti inayohitajika.
23:57
So they're saying the right things and they may --
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Kwa hiyo wanasema maneno muafaka na itabidi wafanye --
24:00
whichever of them is elected -- may do the right thing,
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yeyote atakayechaguliwa – jambo la muhimu,
24:03
but let me tell you: when I came back from Kyoto
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lakini ngoja niwaeleze: niliporudi kutoka Kyoto
24:07
in 1997, with a feeling of great happiness
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mwaka 1997 nikiwa na hisia za furaha kubwa
24:14
that we'd gotten that breakthrough there,
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kwamba tumewezakupata utatuzi huko,
24:16
and then confronted the United States Senate,
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na nililikabili bunge la Marekani,
24:18
only one out of 100 senators was willing to vote
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lakini mbunge mmoja kati ya 100 alikuwa tayari kupiga kura
24:22
to confirm, to ratify that treaty. Whatever the candidates say
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kupitisha, kuridhia mkataba huo. Chochote watakachosema wagombea
24:29
has to be laid alongside what the people say.
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lazima kiwe sambamba na watakachosema watu.
24:34
This challenge is part of the fabric
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Changamoto hili ni sehemu ya mfumo
24:38
of our whole civilization.
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wa ustaarabu wetu wote.
24:40
CO2 is the exhaling breath of our civilization, literally.
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CO2 ni pumzi ya ustaarabu wetu.
24:44
And now we mechanized that process. Changing that pattern
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Na sasa tumeutengeneza mlolongo huu bandia. Kubadilisha mwelekeo
24:47
requires a scope, a scale, a speed of change
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kunahitaji upeo, kipimo, mwelekeo wa mabadiliko
24:54
that is beyond what we have done in the past.
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ambayo ni zaidi ya tulivyofanya huko nyuma.
24:57
So that's why I began by saying,
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Na ndio maana ninaanza kwa kusema,
24:59
be optimistic in what you do, but be an active citizen.
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muwe na matumaini kwa mnachokifanya, lakini muwe raia wenye shauku
25:06
Demand -- change the light bulbs,
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Mahitaji – badilisha taa za umeme,
25:08
but change the laws. Change the global treaties.
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lakini pia badilisha sheria. Badilisha mikataba ya kimataifa.
25:11
We have to speak up. We have to solve this democracy -- this --
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Ni lazima tuongelee hili. Tutatue hii demokrasia – hii--
25:18
We have sclerosis in our democracy. And we have to change that.
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Tuna sclerosis kwenye demokrasia yetu. Na inabidi tubadili hili.
25:25
Use the Internet. Go on the Internet.
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Tumia mtandao. Nenda kwenye mtandao.
25:26
Connect with people. Become very active as citizens.
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Ungana na watu. Muwe raia wenye shauku
25:30
Have a moratorium -- we shouldn't
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Muweze kuzuia -- hatuwezi
25:32
have any new coal-fired generating plants
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kuwa na mitambo mipya ya kutengeneza nishati ya makaa
25:34
that aren't able to capture and store CO2, which means we have to
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ambayo haiwezi kuchuja na kutunza CO2. Hii ina maana kwamba inatulazimu
25:39
quickly build these renewable sources.
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tujenge haraka vyanzo hivi vya nishati mbadala.
25:41
Now, nobody is talking on that scale. But I do believe
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Kwa sasa, hakuna mtu anaongelea kwenye kiwango hicho. Lakini naamini
25:45
that between now and November, it is possible.
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kwamba kati ya sasa na Novemba, inawezekana.
25:49
This Alliance for Climate Protection
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Huu Mshikamano wa Kutunza Mazingira
25:51
is going to launch a nationwide campaign --
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utazindua kampeni ya nchi nzima --
25:54
grassroots mobilization, television ads, Internet ads,
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uhamasishaji kuanzia shina, matangazo ya luninga, matangazo ya mtandaoni,
25:57
radio, newspaper -- with partnerships with everybody
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radio, magazeti – kwa kushirikiana na kila mtu
26:00
from the Girl Scouts to the hunters and fishermen.
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Kutoka Maskauti wa Kike mpaka wawindaji na wavuvi.
26:03
We need help. We need help.
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Tuna hitaji msaada. Tunahitaji msaada.
26:07
CA: In terms of your own personal role going forward,
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CA: Kwa wajibu wako binafsi kusonga mbele,
26:11
Al, is there something more than that
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Al, kuna kitu kingine zaidi ya hicho
26:13
you would like to be doing?
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ambacho utapenda kufanya?
26:14
AG: I have prayed that I would be able to find the answer
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AG: Nimekuwa nikisali ili niweze kupata jibu
26:22
to that question. What can I do?
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la swali hilo. Nifanyaje?
26:27
Buckminster Fuller once wrote, "If the future
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Buckminster Fuller aliandika, "Kama maisha ya baadae ya
26:31
of all human civilization depended on me, what would I do?
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ya ustaarabu yangenitegemea mimi, ningefanya nini?
26:36
How would I be?" It does depend on all of us,
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Nitakuwaje? Itatutegemea sisi sote,
26:41
but again, not just with the light bulbs.
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hata hivyo, sio kwa taa za umeme tu.
26:43
We, most of us here, are Americans. We have a democracy.
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Wengi wetu hapa, ni Wamarekani. Tuna demokrasia.
26:51
We can change things, but we have to actively change.
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Tunaweza kubadili mambo, lakini tunatakiwa tuhamasike kubadili.
26:57
What's needed really is a higher level of consciousness.
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Kinachotakiwa hasa ni ufahamu zaidi.
27:02
And that's hard to --
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Na hii ni ngumu ku --
27:04
that's hard to create -- but it is coming.
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ni ngumu kuijenga -- lakini inakuja.
27:08
There's an old African proverb that some of you know
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Kuna methali ya zamani ya Kiafrika ambayo baadhi yenu mnaijua
27:11
that says, "If you want to go quickly, go alone;
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ambayo inasema, "iwapo unataka kwenda haraka, nenda peke yako;
27:15
if you want to go far, go together." We have to go far, quickly.
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iwapo mnataka kwenda mbali, nendeni pamoja. "Inabidi twende mbali haraka.
27:23
So we have to have a change in consciousness.
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Kwahiyo inatubidi tuwe na mabadiliko katika ufahamu.
27:27
A change in commitment. A new sense of urgency.
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Mabadiliko katika malengo. Nia mpya ya dharura.
27:31
A new appreciation for the privilege
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Utambuzi mpya wa fursa hii
27:34
that we have of undertaking this challenge.
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tuliyonayo katika kukabiliana na changamoto hili.
27:37
CA: Al Gore, thank you so much for coming to TED.
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CA: Al Gore, asanteni sana kwa kuja TED
27:41
AG: Thank you. Thank you very much.
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AG: Asante. Asante sana. (Makofi)
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