How To Be Polite In English

Jinsi ya Kuwa na adabu kwa Kiingereza

21,442 views ・ 2021-05-09

English Like A Native


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Hi everyone, Anna English here, if you are passionate about learning English, click subscribe
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Halo kila mtu, Anna Kiingereza hapa, ikiwa una hamu ya kujifunza Kiingereza, bonyeza jiandikishe
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and let’s do this together.
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na tufanye hivi pamoja.
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To be ‘polite’ means to have or show behaviour that is respectful and considerate to other
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Kuwa 'adabu' inamaanisha kuwa na au kuonyesha tabia inayoheshimu na kujali watu wengine
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people. Saying ‘please’ and ‘thank you’ is a very basic way of being polite but as
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. Kusema 'tafadhali' na 'asante' ni njia ya msingi sana ya kuwa na adabu lakini kama
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usual for the English language, it’s not always so simple.
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kawaida kwa lugha ya Kiingereza, sio rahisi kila wakati.
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There are many situations, like at work or on the phone, when you might need to be polite
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Kuna hali nyingi, kama kazini au kwenye simu, wakati unaweza kuhitaji kuwa na adabu
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in English. Today, we’re going to focus on one a tense which you can use in these
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kwa Kiingereza. Leo, tutazingatia moja wakati ambao unaweza kutumia katika
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situations. Now if tenses make you tense. Don’t panic, I have something special for
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hali hizi . Sasa ikiwa wakati unakufanya uwe wa wasiwasi. Usiogope, nina kitu maalum
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you to relieve that tension. I have a FREE MINI COURSE: English Tenses 101, just provide
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kwako ili kupunguza mvutano huo. Nina KOZI YA MINI BURE: Hesabu za Kiingereza 101, toa tu
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your name and email address via the link below and I will send the course to you.
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jina lako na anwani ya barua pepe kupitia kiunga hapa chini na nitakutumia kozi hiyo.
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Right let’s look at how to be polite.
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Haki tuangalie jinsi ya kuwa na adabu.
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Person 1: “Did you want sugar in your tea?” Person 2: “Did you need help with anything?”
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Mtu 1: "Je! Ulitaka sukari kwenye chai yako?" Mtu wa 2: "Je! Unahitaji msaada wowote?"
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Person 3: “Did you want to order a drink?”
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Mtu wa 3: "Je! Ulitaka kuagiza kinywaji?"
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The past simple tense is used to discuss things that have already happened; they happened
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Wakati rahisi uliyopita hutumiwa kujadili mambo ambayo tayari yametokea; yalitokea
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in the past and are now finished. The past simple tense is formed using the past tense
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zamani na sasa yamekamilika. Wakati rahisi uliopita huundwa kwa kutumia toleo la
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version of verbs. Here are some regular examples: 
Walk becomes
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wakati uliopita wa vitenzi. Hapa kuna mifano ya kawaida: Tembea
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walked. “We walked around the park.” 
Live becomes lived. “I lived in London for a
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hutembea. "Tulizunguka mbuga." Live inaishi. "Niliishi London kwa
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year.”
Wait becomes waited. “I waited for the postman but he did not arrive.”
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mwaka mmoja." Subiri unangojewa. "Nilimngojea yule tarishi lakini hakufika."
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Here are some irregular examples: 
Go becomes went. “We went to the cinema.”
Give
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Hapa kuna mifano isiyo ya kawaida: Nenda ikaenda. "Tulikwenda kwenye sinema." Kutoa
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becomes gave. “I gave her my phone to call her dad.”
Do becomes did. “He did his
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inapewa. "Nilimpa simu yangu kumpigia baba yake." Je, inakuwa alifanya. "Alifanya kazi
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homework.”
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yake ya nyumbani."
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This verb is the one that we’re going to be focusing on today: Did. ‘Did’ can be
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Kitenzi hiki ndicho ambacho tutazingatia leo: Je! 'Je' inaweza
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used in the interrogative form of the past simple tense. For example: “Did you see
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kutumika kwa njia ya kuhoji ya wakati rahisi uliopita. Kwa mfano: "Je! Umeona
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anything suspicious?”. That would refer to whether or not you have seen anything suspicious
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kitu chochote cha kutiliwa shaka?". Hiyo ingerejelea ikiwa umeona au haukuona kitu chochote cha kutiliwa shaka
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in the past. However, sometimes this same sentence structure is used to ask about things
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hapo zamani. Walakini, wakati mwingine muundo huu wa sentensi hutumiwa kuuliza juu ya vitu
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in the present. Person 1: “Did you want sugar in your tea?”
Person
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vya sasa. Mtu 1: "Je! Ulitaka sukari kwenye chai yako?" Mtu wa
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2: “Yes, I do.” Do you see the problem? The question is in
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2: "Ndio, ninafanya hivyo." Je! Unaona shida? Swali liko katika
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the past tense, as if it is referring to a decision which was made earlier, but it really
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wakati uliopita, kana kwamba inahusu uamuzi ambao ulifanywa mapema, lakini inamaanisha kweli
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means ‘Do you want sugar in your tea?’. This happens a lot in English when somebody
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'Je! Unataka sukari kwenye chai yako?'. Hii hufanyika sana kwa Kiingereza wakati mtu
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would like to be polite while asking someone if they ‘want’ or ‘need’ something.
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angependa kuwa na adabu wakati akiuliza mtu ikiwa "wanataka" au "wanahitaji" kitu.
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It can be used when talking about a desire or preference one has in the present.
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Inaweza kutumika wakati wa kuzungumza juu ya hamu au upendeleo ambao mtu anayo sasa.
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Person 1: “Did you need help with anything?”
Person 2: “No thank you. I think I understand.”
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Mtu 1: "Je! Unahitaji msaada wowote?" Mtu wa 2: "Hapana asante. Nadhani ninaelewa. ”
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Person 1: “Did you want to order a drink?”
Person 2: “Yes please. I’ll have a cup of coffee.”
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Mtu 1: "Je! Ulitaka kuagiza kinywaji?" Mtu wa 2: "Ndio tafadhali. Nitapata kikombe cha kahawa. ”
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So why do we do it? Unfortunately, this is one of those times in the English Language
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Kwa nini tunafanya hivyo? Kwa bahati mbaya, hii ni moja wapo ya nyakati katika Lugha ya Kiingereza
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when ‘we just do’! There is no logical or concrete reason why so many people do this
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wakati 'tunafanya tu'! Hakuna sababu ya kimantiki au halisi kwa nini watu wengi hufanya hivi
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but here is my guess and what many linguists believe to be true.
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lakini hapa ni nadhani yangu na kile wanaisimu wengi wanaamini kuwa ni kweli.
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Often, when trying to be polite in British culture, we try to be as indirect as possible.
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Mara nyingi, tunapojaribu kuwa na adabu katika tamaduni ya Briteni, tunajaribu kuwa wa moja kwa moja iwezekanavyo.
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Saying ‘What do you want?’ is very direct. It puts a lot of emphasis on making an immediate
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Kusema "Unataka nini?" ni moja kwa moja. Inaweka mkazo mwingi juu ya kufanya uamuzi wa
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decision and on the listener being responsible or at fault. Instead you could say ‘Did
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haraka na kwa msikilizaji kuwajibika au kuwa na kosa. Badala yake unaweza kusema 'Je
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you want anything?’ Or ‘Did you need anything?’. Placing the question in the past tense makes
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! Ulitaka chochote?' Au 'Je! Unahitaji kitu chochote?'. Kuweka swali katika wakati uliopita kunafanya
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it feel less immediate or pressing. By making the question less direct, you also make it
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iwe kujisikia chini ya haraka au kubonyeza. Kwa kufanya swali kuwa la moja kwa moja, unaifanya pia ijisikie kuwa ya
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feel less confrontational and more polite.
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ugomvi na adabu zaidi.
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There are other times when we use the past tense for present events in order to sound
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Kuna nyakati zingine wakati tunatumia wakati uliopita kwa hafla za sasa ili kusikika
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more polite. Now we are talking about the past continuous tense.
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kwa adabu zaidi. Sasa tunazungumza juu ya wakati uliopita wa kuendelea.
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Person 1: “I was wondering if you could give me some advice.”
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Mtu 1: "Nilikuwa najiuliza ikiwa unaweza kunipa ushauri."
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Person 2: “We were hoping you would stay for dinner.”
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Mtu wa 2: "Tulitumai utakaa kwa chakula cha jioni."
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Person 3: “I was thinking you could go to London.”
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Mtu wa 3: "Nilifikiri unaweza kwenda London."
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The past continuous tense is made up of the pronoun, the verb ‘to be’ in the past
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Wakati endelevu wa zamani umeundwa na kiwakilishi, kitenzi 'kuwa' katika
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tense (was or were) and a verb in the gerund form with an -ing ending. This is used to
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wakati uliopita (kilikuwa au kilikuwa) na kitenzi katika fomu ya gerund na mwisho wa mwisho. Hii hutumiwa
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discuss something which is ongoing and temporary. Again, it is effective in ensuring politeness
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kujadili jambo ambalo linaendelea na ni la muda mfupi. Tena, ni bora katika kuhakikisha adabu
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because it makes the sentence feel far less direct or the demand to feel less confrontational.
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kwa sababu inafanya sentensi ijisikie kuwa ya moja kwa moja au mahitaji ya kuhisi kupingana.
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For example: “Give me some advice” is a command, whereas “I was wondering if you
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Kwa mfano: "Nipe ushauri" ni amri, wakati "nilikuwa najiuliza ikiwa unaweza
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could give me some advice” is far more polite and indirect. Yes, it uses many more words
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kunipa ushauri" ni adabu zaidi na sio ya moja kwa moja. Ndio, hutumia maneno mengi zaidi
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and is more difficult to say but if you can master this lesson and use it in your everyday
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na ni ngumu kusema lakini ikiwa unaweza kusoma somo hili na kutumia katika msamiati
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vocabulary, it will help you to sound more natural and polite.
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wako wa kila siku , itakusaidia kutoa sauti ya asili na adabu zaidi.
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Before you go, you’ve got some homework to do. I’d like you to write a short story,
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Kabla ya kwenda, unayo kazi ya nyumbani ya kufanya. Ningependa uandike hadithi fupi,
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just one paragraph, which uses 3 examples of the past simple tense or the past continuous
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aya moja tu, ambayo hutumia mifano 3 ya wakati rahisi uliopita au wakati uliopita wa kuendelea
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tense being used to make something sound more polite. I can’t wait to read your answers.
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kutumiwa kufanya kitu kisikie adabu zaidi. Siwezi kusubiri kusoma majibu yako.
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Don’t forget to enrol on my FREE MINI COURSE: English Tenses 101 you will find the link
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Usisahau kujiandikisha kwenye kozi yangu ya MINI YA BURE: Nyakati za Kiingereza 101 utapata kiunga
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below. You have been awesome, now have a great day.
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hapo chini. Umekuwa wa kutisha, sasa uwe na siku njema.
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