How To Be Polite In English

Kako biti pristojan na engleskom

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Pozdrav svima, Anna English ovdje, ako ste ljubitelj učenja engleskog jezika, kliknite pretplati se

and let’s do this together.

i učinimo to zajedno.

To be ‘polite’ means to have or show behaviour that is respectful and considerate to other

Biti 'pristojan' znači imati ili pokazati ponašanje s poštovanjem i pažnjom prema drugim

people. Saying ‘please’ and ‘thank you’ is a very basic way of being polite but as

ljudima. Izgovaranje "molim" i "hvala" vrlo je osnovni način da budete pristojni, ali kao i

usual for the English language, it’s not always so simple.

obično za engleski jezik, nije uvijek tako jednostavno.

There are many situations, like at work or on the phone, when you might need to be polite

Postoje mnoge situacije, poput posla ili na telefonu, kada ćete možda trebati biti pristojni

in English. Today, we’re going to focus on one a tense which you can use in these

na engleskom. Danas ćemo se usredotočiti na jedno vrijeme koje možete koristiti u ovim

situations. Now if tenses make you tense. Don’t panic, I have something special for

situacijama. Sad ako te vremena napete. Ne paničarite, imam nešto posebno za

you to relieve that tension. I have a FREE MINI COURSE: English Tenses 101, just provide

vas kako biste ublažili tu napetost. Imam BESPLATNI MINI TEČAJ: English Tenses 101, samo navedite

your name and email address via the link below and I will send the course to you.

svoje ime i adresu e-pošte putem donje poveznice i poslat ću vam tečaj.

Right let’s look at how to be polite.

Dobro, pogledajmo kako biti pristojan.

Person 1: “Did you want sugar in your tea?” Person 2: “Did you need help with anything?”

Osoba 1: "Jeste li htjeli šećer u čaju?" Osoba 2: "Je li vam trebala pomoć oko bilo čega?"

Person 3: “Did you want to order a drink?”

Osoba 3: "Jeste li htjeli naručiti piće?"

The past simple tense is used to discuss things that have already happened; they happened

Prošlo jednostavno vrijeme koristi se za raspravu o stvarima koje su se već dogodile; dogodile su se

in the past and are now finished. The past simple tense is formed using the past tense

u prošlosti i sada su gotove. Prošlo jednostavno vrijeme tvori se pomoću verzija glagola

version of verbs. Here are some regular examples: 
Walk becomes

u prošlom vremenu . Evo nekoliko redovitih primjera: Hod postaje

walked. “We walked around the park.” 
Live becomes lived. “I lived in London for a

hoda. "Šetali smo parkom." Uživo postaje proživljeno. "Živio sam u Londonu

year.”
Wait becomes waited. “I waited for the postman but he did not arrive.”

godinu dana." Čekanje postaje čekanje. "Čekao sam poštara, ali nije stigao."

Here are some irregular examples: 
Go becomes went. “We went to the cinema.”
Give

Evo nekoliko nepravilnih primjera: Go postaje otišao. "Otišli smo u kino." Dati

becomes gave. “I gave her my phone to call her dad.”
Do becomes did. “He did his

postaje dano. "Dao sam joj svoj telefon da nazove oca." Do postaje did. "Napravio je

homework.”

domaću zadaću."

This verb is the one that we’re going to be focusing on today: Did. ‘Did’ can be

Ovaj je glagol onaj na koji ćemo se danas usredotočiti: Did. "Did" se može

used in the interrogative form of the past simple tense. For example: “Did you see

koristiti u upitnom obliku prošlog jednostavnog vremena. Na primjer: "Jeste li vidjeli

anything suspicious?”. That would refer to whether or not you have seen anything suspicious

nešto sumnjivo?". To bi se odnosilo na to jeste li u prošlosti vidjeli nešto sumnjivo

in the past. However, sometimes this same sentence structure is used to ask about things

. Međutim, ponekad se ta ista struktura rečenice koristi za postavljanje pitanja o

in the present. Person 1: “Did you want sugar in your tea?”
Person

sadašnjosti. Osoba 1: "Jeste li htjeli šećer u čaju?" Osoba

2: “Yes, I do.” Do you see the problem? The question is in

2: "Da, imam." Vidite li problem? Pitanje je u

the past tense, as if it is referring to a decision which was made earlier, but it really

prošlom vremenu, kao da se odnosi na odluku koja je donesena ranije, ali stvarno

means ‘Do you want sugar in your tea?’. This happens a lot in English when somebody

znači "Želite li šećer u čaju?". To se puno događa na engleskom kada netko

would like to be polite while asking someone if they ‘want’ or ‘need’ something.

želi biti pristojan dok nekoga pita želi li nešto "želite" ili "treba".

It can be used when talking about a desire or preference one has in the present.

Može se koristiti kada se govori o želji ili preferenciji koju netko ima u sadašnjosti.

Person 1: “Did you need help with anything?”
Person 2: “No thank you. I think I understand.”

Osoba 1: "Je li vam trebala pomoć oko bilo čega?" Osoba 2: „Ne, hvala. Mislim da razumijem."

Person 1: “Did you want to order a drink?”
Person 2: “Yes please. I’ll have a cup of coffee.”

Osoba 1: "Jeste li željeli naručiti piće?" Osoba 2: „Da molim. Popit ću šalicu kave. "

So why do we do it? Unfortunately, this is one of those times in the English Language

Pa zašto to radimo? Nažalost, ovo je jedno od onih vremena na engleskom jeziku

when ‘we just do’! There is no logical or concrete reason why so many people do this

kada 'mi samo radimo'! Ne postoji logičan ili konkretan razlog zašto toliko ljudi to radi,

but here is my guess and what many linguists believe to be true.

ali evo moje pretpostavke i onoga što mnogi lingvisti smatraju istinitim.

Often, when trying to be polite in British culture, we try to be as indirect as possible.

Često pokušavajući biti pristojni u britanskoj kulturi, pokušavamo biti što neizravniji.

Saying ‘What do you want?’ is very direct. It puts a lot of emphasis on making an immediate

Rekavši "Što želite?" je vrlo izravan. Puno se naglašava na donošenju neposredne

decision and on the listener being responsible or at fault. Instead you could say ‘Did

odluke i na tome da je slušatelj odgovoran ili kriv. Umjesto toga, mogli biste reći 'Jeste

you want anything?’ Or ‘Did you need anything?’. Placing the question in the past tense makes

li nešto željeli?' Ili 'Je li vam nešto trebalo?'. Stavljanje pitanja u prošlo vrijeme čini

it feel less immediate or pressing. By making the question less direct, you also make it

ga manje neposrednim ili hitnim. Čineći pitanje manje izravnim, čini ga i

feel less confrontational and more polite.

manje konfrontiranim i pristojnijim.

There are other times when we use the past tense for present events in order to sound

Postoje i druga vremena kada prošlo vrijeme koristimo za sadašnje događaje kako bismo zvučali

more polite. Now we are talking about the past continuous tense.

pristojnije. Sada govorimo o prošlom kontinuiranom vremenu.

Person 1: “I was wondering if you could give me some advice.”

Osoba 1: "Pitao sam se biste li mi mogli dati savjet."

Person 2: “We were hoping you would stay for dinner.”

Osoba 2: "Nadali smo se da ćete ostati na večeri."

Person 3: “I was thinking you could go to London.”

Osoba 3: "Mislila sam da možeš ići u London."

The past continuous tense is made up of the pronoun, the verb ‘to be’ in the past

Prošlo kontinuirano vrijeme sastoji se od zamjenice, glagola 'biti' u prošlom

tense (was or were) and a verb in the gerund form with an -ing ending. This is used to

vremenu (bilo je ili je bilo) i glagola u obliku gerunda s završetkom -ing. Ovo se koristi za

discuss something which is ongoing and temporary. Again, it is effective in ensuring politeness

raspravu o nečemu što je u tijeku i privremeno. Opet, učinkovit je u osiguranju uljudnosti

because it makes the sentence feel far less direct or the demand to feel less confrontational.

jer čini rečenicu daleko manje izravnom ili zahtjev da se osjeća manje sukobljenim.

For example: “Give me some advice” is a command, whereas “I was wondering if you

Na primjer: "Daj mi savjet" naredba je, dok je "Pitao sam se možeš

could give me some advice” is far more polite and indirect. Yes, it uses many more words

li mi dati savjet" daleko pristojnije i neizravno. Da, koristi mnogo više riječi

and is more difficult to say but if you can master this lesson and use it in your everyday

i teže je izgovoriti, ali ako uspijete savladati ovu lekciju i upotrijebiti je u svom svakodnevnom

vocabulary, it will help you to sound more natural and polite.

rječniku, pomoći će vam da zvučite prirodnije i pristojnije.

Before you go, you’ve got some homework to do. I’d like you to write a short story,

Prije nego što krenete, morate obaviti domaću zadaću. Volio bih da napišete kratku priču,

just one paragraph, which uses 3 examples of the past simple tense or the past continuous

samo jedan odlomak, koji koristi 3 primjera prošloga jednostavnog vremena ili prošloga kontinuiranog

tense being used to make something sound more polite. I can’t wait to read your answers.

vremena koje se koristi da bi nešto zvučalo pristojnije. Jedva čekam pročitati vaše odgovore.

Don’t forget to enrol on my FREE MINI COURSE: English Tenses 101 you will find the link

Ne zaboravite se upisati na moj BESPLATNI MINI TEČAJ: English Tenses 101 naći ćete donju poveznicu

below. You have been awesome, now have a great day.

. Bili ste sjajni, sada imate sjajan dan.