Sugata Mitra: Build a School in the Cloud

Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast

Prevodilac: Radica Stojanović Lektor: Boško Eraković

What is going to be the future of learning?

Kakva će biti budućnost učenja?

I do have a plan,

Ja imam plan,

but in order for me to tell you what that plan is,

ali da bih vam rekao nešto više o tome,

I need to tell you a little story,

moram vam ispričati jednu kratku priču,

which kind of sets the stage.

koja predstavlja dobar uvod.

I tried to look at

Pokušao sam da istražim

where did the kind of learning we do in schools,

gde je nastao način učenja koji mi danas koristimo u školama,

where did it come from?

odakle je došao?

And you can look far back into the past,

Možete da pogledate daleko u prošlost,

but if you look at present-day schooling the way it is,

ali ako pogledate današnje školovanje,

it's quite easy to figure out where it came from.

prilično je jasno odakle je poteklo.

It came from about 300 years ago,

Poteklo je od pre oko 300 godina,

and it came from the last

od poslednjeg

and the biggest of the empires on this planet. ["The British Empire"]

i najvećeg carstva na planeti. ("Britanskog carstva")

Imagine trying to run the show,

Zamislite da pokušavate da vodite šou,

trying to run the entire planet,

koji se sastoji u tome da treba da obiđete celu planetu,

without computers, without telephones,

bez kompjutera, bez telefona,

with data handwritten on pieces of paper,

sa podacima koji su vam napisani na parčetu papira,

and traveling by ships.

i da putujete brodovima.

But the Victorians actually did it.

Ali Viktorijanci su uspeli u tome.

What they did was amazing.

To što su uradili je neverovatno.

They created a global computer

Stvorili su globalni računar

made up of people.

sastavljen od ljudi.

It's still with us today.

I danas je još uvek sa nama.

It's called the bureaucratic administrative machine.

Zove se birokratska administrativna mašina.

In order to have that machine running,

I da bi ta mašina radila,

you need lots and lots of people.

potrebno vam je mnogo ljudi.

They made another machine to produce those people:

Napravili su još jednu mašinu koja će stvarati te ljude:

the school.

školu.

The schools would produce the people

Škole bi proizvodile ljude

who would then become parts of the

koji bi potom postali delovi

bureaucratic administrative machine.

birokratske administrativne mašine.

They must be identical to each other.

Moraju biti međusobno identični.

They must know three things:

Moraju znati tri stvari:

They must have good handwriting, because the data is handwritten;

moraju da imaju dobar rukopis, jer su podaci pisani rukom;

they must be able to read;

moraju da znaju da čitaju;

and they must be able to do multiplication,

i moraju da znaju da množe,

division, addition and subtraction in their head.

dele, sabiraju i oduzimaju napamet.

They must be so identical that you could pick one up from New Zealand

Moraju da budu toliko identični da možete uzeti nekoga sa Novog Zelanda

and ship them to Canada

i odvesti ga u Kanadu

and he would be instantly functional.

i on bi automatski bio funkcionalan.

The Victorians were great engineers.

Viktorijanci su bili sjajni inženjeri.

They engineered a system that was so robust

Projektovali su toliko snažan sistem

that it's still with us today,

da je i danas sa nama,

continuously producing identical people

konstantno proizvodi identične ljude

for a machine that no longer exists.

za mašinu koja više ne postoji.

The empire is gone,

Carstva više nema,

so what are we doing with that design

i šta mi to radimo sa tim pronalaskom

that produces these identical people,

koji stvara identične ljude

and what are we going to do next

i šta ćemo sledeće da uradimo

if we ever are going to do anything else with it?

ako smo uopšte planirali da nešto uradimo sa tim?

["Schools as we know them are obsolete"]

["Škole kakve ih znamo su zastarele"]

So that's a pretty strong comment there.

To je prilično snažan komentar.

I said schools as we know them now, they're obsolete.

Rekao sam škole kakve ih znamo danas su zastarele.

I'm not saying they're broken.

Ne kažem da su pokvarene.

It's quite fashionable to say that the education system's broken.

Veoma je popularno reći da je obrazovni sistem pokvaren.

It's not broken. It's wonderfully constructed.

Nije pokvaren. Fantastično je konstruisan.

It's just that we don't need it anymore. It's outdated.

Samo nam više nije potreban. Istekao mu je rok.

What are the kind of jobs that we have today?

Kakvi su današnji poslovi?

Well, the clerks are the computers.

Pa, činovnici su računari.

They're there in thousands in every office.

Na hiljade ih je u svakoj kancelariji.

And you have people who guide those computers

I imate ljude koji dovode ove računare

to do their clerical jobs.

do njihovih činovničkih poslova.

Those people don't need to be able to write beautifully by hand.

Ovi ljudi ne moraju da imaju lep rukopis.

They don't need to be able to multiply numbers in their heads.

Nije im potrebno da izvode računske operacije napamet.

They do need to be able to read.

Ne moraju da znaju da čitaju.

In fact, they need to be able to read discerningly.

Zapravo, potrebno je da umeju da čitaju pronicljivo.

Well, that's today, but we don't even know

Tako da je to današnjica, ali još uvek ne znamo

what the jobs of the future are going to look like.

kako će izgledati poslovi u budućnosti.

We know that people will work from wherever they want,

Znamo da će ljudi raditi odakle žele,

whenever they want, in whatever way they want.

kad god žele, na način koji odaberu.

How is present-day schooling going to prepare them

Kako će ih današnje školovanje pripremiti

for that world?

za takav svet?

Well, I bumped into this whole thing completely by accident.

Pa, naleteo sam na celu ovu stvar sasvim slučajno.

I used to teach people how to write computer programs

Učio sam ljude kako da pišu kompjuterske programe

in New Delhi, 14 years ago.

u Nju Delhiju, pre 14 godina.

And right next to where I used to work, there was a slum.

Pored mesta gde sam radio nalazio se geto.

And I used to think, how on Earth are those kids

I često sam mislio o tome kako li će ova deca ikada

ever going to learn to write computer programs?

naučiti da programiraju?

Or should they not?

Ili ne bi trebala?

At the same time, we also had lots of parents,

U isto vreme, imali smo i puno roditelja,

rich people, who had computers,

bogataša, koji su imali računare,

and who used to tell me, "You know, my son,

i koji su mi govorili: "Znate, ja mislim

I think he's gifted,

da je moj sin nadaren,

because he does wonderful things with computers.

jer radi neverovatne stvari na računaru.

And my daughter -- oh, surely she is extra-intelligent."

A moja kćerka - ona je natprosečno inteligentna."

And so on. So I suddenly figured that,

I tako dalje. I odjednom sam pomislio,

how come all the rich people are having

kako to da svi bogati ljudi

these extraordinarily gifted children?

imaju tako izuzetno nadarenu decu?

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

What did the poor do wrong?

Šta su to siromašni radili pogrešno?

I made a hole in the boundary wall

Napravio sam rupu u graničnom zidu

of the slum next to my office,

sa getom pored moje kancelarije

and stuck a computer inside it just to see what would happen

i stavio računar unutra kako bih video šta će se desiti

if I gave a computer to children who never would have one,

ako dam računar deci koja ga nikada nisu imala,

didn't know any English, didn't know what the Internet was.

koja ne znaju ni reč engleskog i koja ne znaju šta je to internet.

The children came running in.

Deca su dotrčala.

It was three feet off the ground, and they said, "What is this?"

Bio je skoro metar od zemlje. Pitala su: "Šta je to?"

And I said, "Yeah, it's, I don't know."

Rekao sam: "Pa, ne znam."

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

They said, "Why have you put it there?"

Pitala su: "Zašto ste to stavili ovde?"

I said, "Just like that."

Rekao sam: "Eto tako."

And they said, "Can we touch it?"I said, "If you wish to."

A onda su pitala: "Možemo li da ga dodirnemo?" Odgovorio sam: "Ako želite."

And I went away.

I otišao sam.

About eight hours later,

Oko osam sati kasnije,

we found them browsing and teaching each other how to browse.

pronašli smo ih kako surfuju i uče jedni druge da surfuju.

So I said, "Well that's impossible, because --

Rekao sam: "Pa to je nemoguće, jer -

How is it possible? They don't know anything."

kako bi bilo moguće? Oni ne znaju ništa."

My colleagues said, "No, it's a simple solution.

Moje kolege su rekle: "Ne, postoji jednostavno rešenje.

One of your students must have been passing by,

Mora da je neko od tvojih studenata prošao

showed them how to use the mouse."

i pokazao im kako da koriste miš."

So I said, "Yeah, that's possible."

Rekao sam: "Da, verovatno je tako."

So I repeated the experiment. I went 300 miles out of Delhi

I ponovio sam eksperiment. Otišao sam skoro 500 km od Delhija

into a really remote village

u veoma udaljeno selo

where the chances of a passing software development engineer

gde je šansa pojave softverskog inženjera

was very little. (Laughter)

bila veoma mala. (Smeh)

I repeated the experiment there.

Ponovio sam eksperiment tamo.

There was no place to stay, so I stuck my computer in,

Nisam imao gde da ostanem, tako da sam postavio svoj računar,

I went away, came back after a couple of months,

otišao, vratio se posle par meseci,

found kids playing games on it.

i pronašao decu kako igraju igrice.

When they saw me, they said,

Kada su me videla, rekla su,

"We want a faster processor and a better mouse."

"Želimo brži procesor i bolji miš."

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

So I said, "How on Earth do you know all this?"

Rekao sam: "Kako je, pobogu, moguće da znaju sve to?"

And they said something very interesting to me.

Rekli su mi nešto vrlo interesantno.

In an irritated voice, they said,

Iznerviranim glasom, rekli su:

"You've given us a machine that works only in English,

"Dali ste nam mašinu koja radi samo na engleskom,

so we had to teach ourselves English in order to use it." (Laughter)

tako da smo morali da naučimo engleski kako bismo je mogli koristiti." (Smeh)

That's the first time, as a teacher,

To je bilo prvi put da, kao nastavnik,

that I had heard the word "teach ourselves" said so casually.

čujem reči "naučiti sebe" izrečene na tako uobičajen način.

Here's a short glimpse from those years.

Evo kratkog osvrta na te godine.

That's the first day at the Hole in the Wall.

Ovo je prvi dan "Rupe u Zidu".

On your right is an eight-year-old.

Sa desne strane je osmogodišnjak.

To his left is his student. She's six.

Sa leve strane je njegova šestogodišnja učenica.

And he's teaching her how to browse.

On je uči kako da surfuje.

Then onto other parts of the country,

Potom sam i u ostalim delovima zemlje,

I repeated this over and over again,

više puta ponovio ovaj eksperiment

getting exactly the same results that we were.

i dobio identične rezultate.

["Hole in the wall film - 1999"]

["Film Rupa u zidu - 1999"]

An eight-year-old telling his elder sister what to do.

Osmogodišnjak objašnjava starijoj sestri šta da radi.

And finally a girl explaining in Marathi what it is,

I najzad devojčica objašnjava šta je to na marathi jeziku,

and said, "There's a processor inside."

i kaže: "Unutra je procesor."

So I started publishing.

Tako sam počeo da objavljujem.

I published everywhere. I wrote down and measured everything,

Objavio sam svuda. Napisao sam i izmerio sve

and I said, in nine months, a group of children

i rekao da za devet meseci, grupa dece,

left alone with a computer in any language

ostavljena sa kompjuterom na bilo kom jeziku

will reach the same standard as an office secretary in the West.

može da postigne isti rezultat kao sekretarica na zapadu.

I'd seen it happen over and over and over again.

Video sam kako se to dešava više puta.

But I was curious to know, what else would they do

Ali bio sam radoznao da saznam, šta još mogu uraditi

if they could do this much?

ako već mogu ovoliko?

I started experimenting with other subjects,

Počeo sam da eksperimentišem sa drugim subjektima

among them, for example, pronunciation.

među njima, na primer, izgovorom.

There's one community of children in southern India

Postoji jedna zajednica dece u južnoj Indiji

whose English pronunciation is really bad,

koja imaju jako loš izgovor engleskog jezika,

and they needed good pronunciation because that would improve their jobs.

a potreban im je dobar izgovor zbog boljih poslova.

I gave them a speech-to-text engine in a computer,

Napravio sam im program govor-u-tekst u kompjuteru,

and I said, "Keep talking into it until it types what you say."

i rekao: "Govorite u to dok se ne ispiše ono što ste rekli."

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

They did that, and watch a little bit of this.

Tako su i uradili i evo kratkog prikaza.

Computer: Nice to meet you.Child: Nice to meet you.

Kompjuter: Drago mi je. Dete: Drago mi je.

Sugata Mitra: The reason I ended with the face

Šugata Mitra: Razlog zbog kojeg sam završio sa licem

of this young lady over there is because I suspect many of you know her.

ove mlade dame jeste to što pretpostavljam da je mnogi od vas znaju.

She has now joined a call center in Hyderabad

Ona radi u korisničkom servisu u Hajderabadu

and may have tortured you about your credit card bills

i možda vas je maltretirala u vezi sa računima za kreditne kartice

in a very clear English accent.

sa vrlo jasnim engleskim akcentom.

So then people said, well, how far will it go?

Onda se ljudi zapitaju, dokle će sve ovo otići?

Where does it stop?

Gde je tome kraj?

I decided I would destroy my own argument

Odlučio sam da uništim sopstveni argument

by creating an absurd proposition.

tako što ću dati apsurdan predlog.

I made a hypothesis, a ridiculous hypothesis.

Napravio sam hipotezu, besmislenu hipotezu.

Tamil is a south Indian language, and I said,

Tamil je južno-indijski jezik i zapitao sam se

can Tamil-speaking children in a south Indian village

mogu li deca koja govore Tamil jezikom, u selu u južnoj Indiji

learn the biotechnology of DNA replication in English

naučiti nešto o biotehnologiji replikacije DNK na engleskom

from a streetside computer?

sa uličnog kompjutera?

And I said, I'll measure them. They'll get a zero.

Odlučio sam da ih ocenim. Dobiće nulu.

I'll spend a couple of months, I'll leave it for a couple of months,

Potrošiću par meseci, ostaviću ga na nekoliko meseci,

I'll go back, they'll get another zero.

vratiću se, ponovo će dobiti nulu.

I'll go back to the lab and say, we need teachers.

Vratiću se u laboratoriju i zaključiću da su nam potrebni nastavnici.

I found a village. It was called Kallikuppam in southern India.

Našao sam selo. Kalikupam u južnoj Indiji.

I put in Hole in the Wall computers there,

Postavio sam "Rupu u Zidu" i kompjutere tamo,

downloaded all kinds of stuff from the Internet about DNA replication,

postavio sam raznovrsne stvari o DNK replikaciji sa interneta,

most of which I didn't understand.

od kojih većinu ni sam nisam razumeo.

The children came rushing, said, "What's all this?"

Deca su dotrčala i pitala: "Šta je sve ovo?"

So I said, "It's very topical, very important. But it's all in English."

Rekao sam: "To je nešto vrlo tematski specifično i jako važno. Ali je na engleskom."

So they said, "How can we understand such big English words

Na to su rekli: "Kako ćemo razumeti toliko složen engleski jezik

and diagrams and chemistry?"

i te dijagrame i hemiju?"

So by now, I had developed a new pedagogical method,

Do tada sam već bio razvio novi pedagoški metod

so I applied that. I said, "I haven't the foggiest idea."

i primenio ga. Odgovorio sam: "Nemam pojma."

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

"And anyway, I am going away."

"Uostalom, ja sada odlazim."

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

So I left them for a couple of months.

Tako sam ih ostavio na nekoliko meseci.

They'd got a zero. I gave them a test.

Dobili su nule. Dao sam im test.

I came back after two months

Došao sam nakon dva meseca

and the children trooped in and said, "We've understood nothing."

i deca su dotrčala u gomili i rekla: "Ništa ne razumemo."

So I said, "Well, what did I expect?"

Pomislio sam: "Šta sam uopšte očekivao?"

So I said, "Okay, but how long did it take you

Rekao sam: "U redu, ali koliko vam je bilo potrebno

before you decided that you can't understand anything?"

da shvatite da ništa ne razumete?"

So they said, "We haven't given up.

Rekli su: "Nismo odustali.

We look at it every single day."

Svaki dan gledamo u to."

So I said, "What? You don't understand these screens

Na to sam rekao: "Šta? Ne razumete ništa na ovom ekranu

and you keep staring at it for two months? What for?"

pa ipak buljite u to dva meseca? Zašto?"

So a little girl who you see just now,

Onda je mala devojčica koju upravo vidite,

she raised her hand, and she says to me in broken Tamil and English,

podigla ruku i rekla mi na lošem tamilskom i engleskom:

she said, "Well, apart from the fact that

"Pa, izuzev činjenice da

improper replication of the DNA molecule causes disease,

nepravilna replikacija DNK molekula dovodi do bolesti,

we haven't understood anything else."

nismo ništa drugo razumeli."

(Laughter) (Applause)

(Smeh) (Aplauz)

So I tested them.

Potom sam ih testirao.

I got an educational impossibility, zero to 30 percent

Dobio sam obrazovnu nemogućnost, sa nule na 30 procenata

in two months in the tropical heat

za dva meseca na tropskoj vrućini

with a computer under the tree in a language they didn't know

sa kompjuterom ispod drveta na jeziku koji nisu znali

doing something that's a decade ahead of their time.

radeći nešto što je decenijama ispred njihovog vremena.

Absurd. But I had to follow the Victorian norm.

Apsurdno. Ali morao sam da pratim viktorijanska pravila.

Thirty percent is a fail.

Sa trideset procenata se pada.

How do I get them to pass? I have to get them 20 more marks.

Šta da uradim da bi prošli? Moraju da zarade još 20 poena.

I couldn't find a teacher. What I did find was a friend that they had,

Nisam mogao da nađem nastavnika. Ali uspeo sam da nađem njihovu drugaricu,

a 22-year-old girl who was an accountant

22-godišnju devojku, koja je radila kao računovođa

and she played with them all the time.

i koja se igrala sa njima sve vreme.

So I asked this girl, "Can you help them?"

I pitao sam ovu devojku: "Možeš li da im pomogneš?"

So she says, "Absolutely not.

Odgovorila je: "Apsolutno ne.

I didn't have science in school. I have no idea

Nisam imala nauku u školi. Nemam pojma

what they're doing under that tree all day long. I can't help you."

šta oni to rade po ceo dan ispod drveta. Ne mogu ti pomoći."

I said, "I'll tell you what. Use the method of the grandmother."

Rekao sam: "Reći ću ti kako. Upotrebi metod bake."

So she says, "What's that?"

Pitala je: "A šta je to?"

I said, "Stand behind them.

Rekao sam: "Stani iza njih.

Whenever they do anything, you just say,

I kad god nešto urade, ti im samo reci:

'Well, wow, I mean, how did you do that?

'Uau, kako ste uspeli to da uradite?

What's the next page? Gosh, when I was your age, I could have never done that.'

Šta je sledeće? O Bože, kad sam ja bila kao vi nisam mogla ništa slično da uradim.'

You know what grannies do."

Znate, kako to bake rade."

So she did that for two more months.

Tako je ona to radila naredna dva meseca.

The scores jumped to 50 percent.

Rezultat je skočio na 50 procenata.

Kallikuppam had caught up

Kalikupam je sustigao

with my control school in New Delhi,

moju kontrolnu grupu u Nju Delhiju,

a rich private school with a trained biotechnology teacher.

u bogatoj privatnoj školi sa obučenim nastavnikom biotehnologije.

When I saw that graph I knew there is a way to level the playing field.

Kada sam video taj grafik znao sam da ima načina da se izjednače tereni.

Here's Kallikuppam.

Ovo je Kalikupam.

(Children speaking) Neurons ... communication.

(Deca pričaju) Neuroni ... komunikacija.

I got the camera angle wrong. That one is just amateur stuff,

Ugao kamere nije dobar. Ovo je samo amaterski snimak,

but what she was saying, as you could make out,

ali ono o čemu ona govori, kao što možete da zaključite,

was about neurons, with her hands were like that,

jesu neuroni i pokazuje rukama ovako,

and she was saying neurons communicate.

govoreći da neuroni komuniciraju.

At 12.

Sa 12.

So what are jobs going to be like?

I kakvi će biti poslovi?

Well, we know what they're like today.

Pa, znamo kakvi su danas.

What's learning going to be like? We know what it's like today,

Kakvo će biti učenje? Znamo kakvo je danas,

children pouring over with their mobile phones on the one hand

deca su nadvijena nad svoje telefone u jednoj ruci

and then reluctantly going to school to pick up their books with their other hand.

i nevoljno odlaze u školu sa knjigama u drugoj.

What will it be tomorrow?

Kako će biti sutra?

Could it be that we don't need to go to school at all?

Možda nećemo morati uopšte da idemo u školu?

Could it be that, at the point in time when you need to know something,

Da li će možda doći vreme kada ćemo za dva minuta

you can find out in two minutes?

moći da saznamo šta nam je potrebno?

Could it be -- a devastating question,

Može li biti - razarajuće pitanje,

a question that was framed for me by Nicholas Negroponte --

pitanje koje me je proganjalo od Nikolasa Negropontea -

could it be that we are heading towards or maybe in

može li biti da se krećemo prema budućnosti

a future where knowing is obsolete?

u kojoj će znanje biti suvišno?

But that's terrible. We are homo sapiens.

Ali to je užasno. Mi smo homo sapiensi.

Knowing, that's what distinguishes us from the apes.

Znanje je to što nas odvaja od majmuna.

But look at it this way.

Ali pogledajte na ovaj način.

It took nature 100 million years

Prirodi je trebalo 100 miliona godina

to make the ape stand up

da uspravi majmuna

and become Homo sapiens.

i pretvori ga u Homo sapiensa.

It took us only 10,000 to make knowing obsolete.

Nama je trebalo svega 10 000 godina da učinimo znanje suvišnim.

What an achievement that is.

Kakvo je to postignuće.

But we have to integrate that into our own future.

Ali moramo da to integrišemo u našu budućnost.

Encouragement seems to be the key.

Podsticanje deluje kao ključ za to.

If you look at Kuppam,

Ako pogledate Kupam,

if you look at all of the experiments that I did,

ako pogledate sve eksperimente koje sam sproveo,

it was simply saying, "Wow," saluting learning.

to je bilo, jednostavno rečeno "Uau", nazdravljanje učenju.

There is evidence from neuroscience.

Postoje dokazi u neuronauci.

The reptilian part of our brain, which sits in the center of our brain,

Reptilski deo mozga, koji se nalazi u njegovom središtu,

when it's threatened, it shuts down everything else,

blokira sve ostalo kada je ugrožen,

it shuts down the prefrontal cortex, the parts which learn,

gasi prefrontalni korteks, delove koji uče,

it shuts all of that down.

sve to gasi.

Punishment and examinations are seen as threats.

Kažnjavanje i ispiti se opažaju kao pretnje.

We take our children, we make them shut their brains down,

Mi teramo našu decu da zatvore svoje mozgove

and then we say, "Perform."

i potom zahtevamo od njih da rade.

Why did they create a system like that?

Zašto je stvoren ovakav sistem?

Because it was needed.

Zato što je bio potreban.

There was an age in the Age of Empires

Postojao je period u doba carstava

when you needed those people who can survive under threat.

kada su bili potrebni ljudi koji bi preživeli u tim pretećim okolnostima.

When you're standing in a trench all alone,

Kada stojiš u rovu potpuno sam,

if you could have survived, you're okay, you've passed.

ako možeš da preživiš, onda si prošao.

If you didn't, you failed.

Ako ne možeš, onda si pao.

But the Age of Empires is gone.

Ali te godine carstva su prošle.

What happens to creativity in our age?

Šta se dešava sa kreativnošću u naše vreme?

We need to shift that balance back

Moramo da pomerimo ravnotežu

from threat to pleasure.

sa pretnje na zadovoljstvo.

I came back to England looking for British grandmothers.

Vratio sam se u Englesku u potrazi za bakama.

I put out notices in papers saying,

Dao sam obaveštenja u kojima je stajalo,

if you are a British grandmother, if you have broadband and a web camera,

ako ste britanska baka, ako imate internet i kameru,

can you give me one hour of your time per week for free?

možete li mi besplatno dati jedan sat nedeljno?

I got 200 in the first two weeks.

Dobio sam 200 u prve dve nedelje.

I know more British grandmothers than anyone in the universe. (Laughter)

Poznajem više britanskih baka nego bilo ko drugi u univerzumu. (Smeh)

They're called the Granny Cloud.

One se zovu Oblak Baka.

The Granny Cloud sits on the Internet.

Oblak Baka je na internetu.

If there's a child in trouble, we beam a Gran.

Ako neko dete ima problem, mi potražimo Baku.

She goes on over Skype and she sorts things out.

Ona se pojavi na Skajpu i rešava stvari.

I've seen them do it from a village called Diggles

Video sam kako to rade iz sela po imenu Digls

in northwestern England,

u severozapadnoj Engleskoj,

deep inside a village in Tamil Nadu, India,

do sela Tamil Nadu u Indiji,

6,000 miles away.

udaljenog 9500 km.

She does it with only one age-old gesture.

Ona to čini sa samo jednim starinskim pokretom.

"Shhh."

"Pssst."

Okay?

U redu?

Watch this.

Pogledajte ovo.

Grandmother: You can't catch me. You say it.

Baka: Ne možeš me uhvatiti. Recite.

You can't catch me.

Ne možeš me uhvatiti.

Children: You can't catch me.

Deca: Ne možeš me uhvatiti.

Grandmother: I'm the Gingerbread Man.Children: I'm the Gingerbread Man.

Baka: Ja sam Džindžerbred Čovek. Deca: Ja sam Džindžerbred Čovek.

Grandmother: Well done! Very good.

Baka: Bravo! Vrlo dobro!

SM: So what's happening here?

Š.M.: Šta se to dešava ovde?

I think what we need to look at is

Mislim da bi trebalo da pogledamo

we need to look at learning

učenje

as the product of educational self-organization.

kao rezultat edukativne samo-organizacije.

If you allow the educational process to self-organize,

Ako dozvolite da se edukativni proces sam organizuje

then learning emerges.

pojaviće se učenje.

It's not about making learning happen.

Nije stvar u tome da se natera da se učenje desi.

It's about letting it happen.

Stvar je u tome da se dozvoli da ono nastane.

The teacher sets the process in motion

Nastavnik pokreće proces,

and then she stands back in awe

a potom se sa strahopoštovanjem povuče

and watches as learning happens.

i posmatra kako učenje nastaje.

I think that's what all this is pointing at.

Mislim da sve ukazuje na to.

But how will we know? How will we come to know?

Ali kako ćemo znati? Kako ćemo doći do saznanja?

Well, I intend to build

Pa, ja planiram da izgradim

these Self-Organized Learning Environments.

Sredine samo-organizovanog učenja (SOLE).

They are basically broadband, collaboration

To su zapravo širokopojasni internet, saradnja

and encouragement put together.

i ohrabrivanje na jednom mestu.

I've tried this in many, many schools.

Probao sam ovo u mnogim školama.

It's been tried all over the world, and teachers

Pokušano je i širom sveta i nastavnici

sort of stand back and say, "It just happens by itself?"

bi samo sa strane rekli: "I dešava se samo od sebe?"

And I said, "Yeah, it happens by itself.""How did you know that?"

I ja bih odgovorio: "Da, dešava se samo od sebe." "Kako ste znali?"

I said, "You won't believe the children who told me

Rekao sam: "Nećete verovati deci koja su mi rekla

and where they're from."

i odakle su."

Here's a SOLE in action.

Ovo je "SOLE" na delu.

(Children talking)

(Deca razgovaraju)

This one is in England.

Ovo je u Engleskoj.

He maintains law and order,

On održava red i mir,

because remember, there's no teacher around.

jer setite se da nema nastavnika u blizini.

Girl: The total number of electrons is not equal to the total number of protons -- SM: Australia

Devojčica: Ukupan broj elektrona nije jednak ukupnom broju protona - Š.M.: Australija

Girl: -- giving it a net positive or negative electrical charge.

Devojčica: - daje mu pozitivno ili negativno naelektrisanje.

The net charge on an ion is equal to the number of protons

Jonsko naelektrisanje jednako je razlici

in the ion minus the number of electrons.

protona i elektrona u jonu.

SM: A decade ahead of her time.

Š.M.: Decenija ispred svog vremena.

So SOLEs, I think we need a curriculum of big questions.

Pa SOLEici, mislim da nam treba kurikulum za velika pitanja.

You already heard about that. You know what that means.

Već ste čuli nešto o tome. Znate šta to znači.

There was a time when Stone Age men and women

Bilo je vreme u kamenom dobu kada su muškarci i žene

used to sit and look up at the sky and say,

sedeli i gledali u nebo pitajući se:

"What are those twinkling lights?"

"Šta su ta trepćuća svetla?"

They built the first curriculum, but we've lost sight of those wondrous questions.

Oni su napravili prvi kurikulum, ali smo izgubili iz vida ova čudesna pitanja.

We've brought it down to the tangent of an angle.

Sveli smo ih na tangentu ugla.

But that's not sexy enough.

Ali to nije dovoljno seksi.

The way you would put it to a nine-year-old is to say,

Način na koji biste pitali devetogodišnjaka bio bi:

"If a meteorite was coming to hit the Earth,

"Ako bi meteorit pretio da udari u Zemlju,

how would you figure out if it was going to or not?"

kako bi mogao da znaš da li će udariti ili ne?"

And if he says, "Well, what? how?"

I ako on kaže: "Šta? Kako?"

you say, "There's a magic word. It's called the tangent of an angle,"

vi mu kažete: "Postoji magična reč. Zove se tangenta ugla,"

and leave him alone. He'll figure it out.

i ostavite ga. On će otkriti.

So here are a couple of images from SOLEs.

Evo par slika iz SOLE-a.

I've tried incredible, incredible questions --

Pokušao sam sa neverovatnim, neverovatnim pitanjima -

"When did the world begin? How will it end?" —

"Kada je svet nastao? Kako će se završiti?" -

to nine-year-olds.

koje sam postavljao devetogodišnjacima.

This one is about what happens to the air we breathe.

Ovo je o tome šta se dešava sa vazduhom koji udišemo.

This is done by children without the help of any teacher.

Ovo je rad učenika bez ikakve pomoći nastavnika.

The teacher only raises the question,

Nastavnik samo postavlja pitanje

and then stands back and admires the answer.

i potom se povlači i divi se odgovoru.

So what's my wish?

Pa šta je moja želja?

My wish is

Moja želja je

that we design the future of learning.

da stvorimo budućnost učenja.

We don't want to be spare parts

Ne želimo da budemo rezervni delovi

for a great human computer, do we?

za veliki ljudski kompjuter, zar ne?

So we need to design a future for learning.

Potrebno je da stvorimo budućnost učenja.

And I've got to -- hang on,

I moram da - čekajte,

I've got to get this wording exactly right,

moram dobro da izaberem reči,

because, you know, it's very important.

jer, znate, ovo je jako važno.

My wish is to help design a future of learning

Moja želja je da pomognem kreiranje budućnosti učenja

by supporting children all over the world

tako što ću podržati decu celog sveta

to tap into their wonder and their ability to work together.

da zakorače u svoju maštu i da sarađuju.

Help me build this school.

Pomozite mi da izgradim tu školu.

It will be called the School in the Cloud.

Zvaće se Škola u Oblaku.

It will be a school where children go on these intellectual adventures

Biće to škola u koju će deca ići po intelektualnu avanturu

driven by the big questions which their mediators put in.

pokrenuta velikim pitanjima koja će im postavljati njihovi medijatori.

The way I want to do this

Način na koji bih želeo to da uradim

is to build a facility where I can study this.

jeste da izgradim objekat gde ću proučavati ovo.

It's a facility which is practically unmanned.

To je objekat koji će praktično biti bez rukovodioca.

There's only one granny

Biće samo jedna baka

who manages health and safety.

koja će voditi računa o sigurnosti i zdravlju.

The rest of it's from the cloud.

Ostalo je iz oblaka.

The lights are turned on and off by the cloud,

Svetla se pale i gase iz oblaka,

etc., etc., everything's done from the cloud.

itd, itd... sve će biti urađeno iz oblaka.

But I want you for another purpose.

Ali vas želim iz drugog razloga.

You can do Self-Organized Learning Environments

Možete stvarati Sredinu za samo-organizovano učenje

at home, in the school, outside of school, in clubs.

kod kuće, u školi, van škole, u klubovima.

It's very easy to do. There's a great document

Veoma je jednostavno. Postoji sjajan dokument

produced by TED which tells you how to do it.

koji je napravio TED koji će vam reći kako to da uradite.

If you would please, please do it

Ako želite, molim vas uradite to

across all five continents

na svim kontinentima

and send me the data,

i pošaljite mi podatke,

then I'll put it all together, move it into the School of Clouds,

zatim ću ih sakupiti, poslati u Školu u Oblaku

and create the future of learning.

i stvoriti budućnost učenja.

That's my wish.

To je moja želja.

And just one last thing.

I samo još nešto.

I'll take you to the top of the Himalayas.

Odvešću vas na vrh Himalaja.

At 12,000 feet, where the air is thin,

Na 3600 metara, gde je vazduh redak,

I once built two Hole in the Wall computers,

jednom sam tamo postavio dva kompjutera za našu akciju

and the children flocked there.

i deca su se okupila.

And there was this little girl who was following me around.

I tu je bila jedna devojčica koja me je pratila naokolo.

And I said to her, "You know, I want to give a computer to everybody, every child.

Rekao sam joj: "Znaš, ja želim da dam kompjuter svakome, svakom detetu.

I don't know, what should I do?"

Ne znam, šta bi trebalo da uradim?"

And I was trying to take a picture of her quietly.

I hteo sam krišom da je slikam.

She suddenly raised her hand like this, and said to me,

Iznenada je podigla ruke ovako i rekla mi:

"Get on with it."

"Kreni više sa tim."

(Laughter) (Applause)

(Smeh) (Aplauz)

I think it was good advice.

Mislim da je to bio dobar savet.

I'll follow her advice. I'll stop talking.

Poslušaću njen savet. Ućutaću.

Thank you. Thank you very much.

Hvala vam. Hvala vam puno.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

Thank you. Thank you. (Applause)

Hvala vam. Hvala. (Aplauz)

Thank you very much. Wow. (Applause)

Puno vam hvala. (Aplauz)