Sugata Mitra: Build a School in the Cloud

Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast

Translator: Vanesa Tola Reviewer: Helena Bedalli

What is going to be the future of learning?

Cila do te jete e ardhmja e te mesuarit?

I do have a plan,

Une e kam nje plan,

but in order for me to tell you what that plan is,

por ne menyre qe t'jua them,

I need to tell you a little story,

me duhet t'ju tregoj nje histori te vogel,

which kind of sets the stage.

e cila jep pak a shume idene se per cfare behet fjale.

I tried to look at

U perpoqa te kuptoj,

where did the kind of learning we do in schools,

nga vjen menyra e te mesuarit neper shkolla,

where did it come from?

nga e ka prejardhjen.

And you can look far back into the past,

Dhe mund te shikosh shume larg ne te shkuaren,

but if you look at present-day schooling the way it is,

por nese shikon te mesuarin ne ditet e sotme,

it's quite easy to figure out where it came from.

eshte mjaft e thjeshte te kuptosh se nga vjen.

It came from about 300 years ago,

Erdhi nga periudha e 300 viteve me pare,

and it came from the last

dhe nga e fundit

and the biggest of the empires on this planet. ["The British Empire"]

dhe me e madhja e perandorive ne kete planet. [Perandoria Britanike]

Imagine trying to run the show,

Imagjinoni te drejtoni shfaqjen,

trying to run the entire planet,

ose gjithe planetin,

without computers, without telephones,

pa kompjutera, pa telefona,

with data handwritten on pieces of paper,

me te dhena te shkruara ne copa letrash,

and traveling by ships.

dhe te udhetoni me anije.

But the Victorians actually did it.

Por Viktorianet ne fakt e kane bere.

What they did was amazing.

Ajo cka bene ishte e mrekullueshme.

They created a global computer

Ato krijuan nje kompjuter global

made up of people.

te perbere nga njerez.

It's still with us today.

Eshte akoma i pranishem edhe sot.

It's called the bureaucratic administrative machine.

Quhet makineria administrative burokratike.

In order to have that machine running,

Ne menyre qe kjo makineri te punoje,

you need lots and lots of people.

duhen shume njerez.

They made another machine to produce those people:

Ata bene nje tjeter makineri per te prodhuar keta njerez:

the school.

shkollen.

The schools would produce the people

Shkollat do te krijonin njerezit

who would then become parts of the

te cilet me pas do te beheshin pjese te

bureaucratic administrative machine.

makinerise administrative burokratike.

They must be identical to each other.

Ata duhet te jene njesoj me njera-tjetrein.

They must know three things:

Ata duhet te dine 3 gjera:

They must have good handwriting, because the data is handwritten;

Bukurshkrim, sepse te dhenat shkruhen me dore;

they must be able to read;

duhet te jene te afte te lexojne;

and they must be able to do multiplication,

dhe duhet te jene te afte te kryejne shumezim,

division, addition and subtraction in their head.

pjesetim, mbledhje dhe zbritje me mend.

They must be so identical that you could pick one up from New Zealand

Duhet te jene aq identike sa te marresh njerin nga Zelanda e Re

and ship them to Canada

dhe ta cosh ne Kanada

and he would be instantly functional.

dhe ai do te funksionoje menjehere.

The Victorians were great engineers.

Viktorianet ishin inxhiniere te medhenj.

They engineered a system that was so robust

Ata krijuan nje sistem qe ishte aq i fuqishem

that it's still with us today,

sa eshte ende i pranishem edhe sot,

continuously producing identical people

duke prodhuar vazhdimisht njerez identike

for a machine that no longer exists.

per nje makineri qe nuk ekziston me.

The empire is gone,

Perandoria nuk eshte me,

so what are we doing with that design

keshtu qe cfare do te bejme ne me ate dizajn

that produces these identical people,

qe prodhon keta njerez identike,

and what are we going to do next

dhe cfare do te bejme me pas

if we ever are going to do anything else with it?

nese do ta perdorim ndonjehere per dicka tjeter?

["Schools as we know them are obsolete"]

["Shkollat qe njohim ne jane te vjeteruara."]

So that's a pretty strong comment there.

Pra ky eshte nje koment mjaft i forte.

I said schools as we know them now, they're obsolete.

Thashe se shkollat qe ne njohim tani, jane te vjeteruara.

I'm not saying they're broken.

Nuk po them se jane te prishura.

It's quite fashionable to say that the education system's broken.

Eshte shume ne mode te thuash se sistemi edukativ eshte prishur.

It's not broken. It's wonderfully constructed.

Nuk eshte i prishur. Eshte i konstruktuar mrekullisht.

It's just that we don't need it anymore. It's outdated.

Vetem se nuk na duhet me. Eshte i vjeteruar.

What are the kind of jobs that we have today?

Cilat jane llojet e puneve qe kemi sot?

Well, the clerks are the computers.

Epo, nepunesit jane kompjuterat.

They're there in thousands in every office.

Gjenden me mijera ne cdo zyre.

And you have people who guide those computers

Dhe kemi njerez te cilet udhezojne ata kompjutera

to do their clerical jobs.

te bejne punet e zyrave te tyre.

Those people don't need to be able to write beautifully by hand.

Ata njerez nuk kane nevoje te kene nje shkrim te bukur.

They don't need to be able to multiply numbers in their heads.

Nuk kane nevoje te jene te afte te shumezojne numra me mend.

They do need to be able to read.

Kane nevoje te jene te afte te lexojne.

In fact, they need to be able to read discerningly.

Ne fakt, kane nevoje te jene te afte te lexojne me mprehtesi.

Well, that's today, but we don't even know

Epo, kjo eshte tani per tani, por ne nuk e dime

what the jobs of the future are going to look like.

se si do te jene punet e te ardhmes.

We know that people will work from wherever they want,

Dime se njerezit do te punojne kudo qe te duan,

whenever they want, in whatever way they want.

kurdo qe te duan, ne cilen menyre te duan.

How is present-day schooling going to prepare them

Si do t'i pergatise shkolla e tanishme

for that world?

per ate bote?

Well, I bumped into this whole thing completely by accident.

Epo, une u ndesha me kete gje krejt rastesisht.

I used to teach people how to write computer programs

Dikur u mesoja njerezve si te perdornin programe kompjuterash

in New Delhi, 14 years ago.

ne New Delhi, para 14 vjetesh.

And right next to where I used to work, there was a slum.

Dhe ngjitur me vendin ku une punoja, ishte nje lagje e varfer.

And I used to think, how on Earth are those kids

Dhe une mendoja,"Si dreqin do te mesojne ndonjehere ata femije

ever going to learn to write computer programs?

te perdorin programe kompjuterash?

Or should they not?

Apo nuk duhet te mesojne?"

At the same time, we also had lots of parents,

Ne te njejten kohe, ne kishim shume prinder,

rich people, who had computers,

njerez te pasur, te cilet kishin kompjutera,

and who used to tell me, "You know, my son,

dhe te cilet me thonin,"E dini, im bir,

I think he's gifted,

mendoj se ka dhunti,

because he does wonderful things with computers.

sepse ben gjera te mrekullueshme me kompjuterat.

And my daughter -- oh, surely she is extra-intelligent."

Dhe vajza ime--oh, patjeter eshte super-inteligjente."

And so on. So I suddenly figured that,

Dhe keshtu vazhdimisht. Keshtu qe papritur mendova se,

how come all the rich people are having

si ka mundesi qe te gjithe njerezit e pasur kane

these extraordinarily gifted children?

keta femije jashtezakonisht te talentuar?

(Laughter)

(Te qeshura)

What did the poor do wrong?

Ku gabuan te varferit?

I made a hole in the boundary wall

Bera nje vrime ne murin ndares

of the slum next to my office,

te lagjes se varfer ngjitur me zyren time,

and stuck a computer inside it just to see what would happen

dhe futa nje kompjuter brenda saj vetem per te pare se cfare do te ndodhte

if I gave a computer to children who never would have one,

nese do t'i jepja nje kompjuter femijeve qe nuk do ta kishin nje kurre,

didn't know any English, didn't know what the Internet was.

te cilet nuk dinin Anglisht, nuk dinin c'ishte interneti.

The children came running in.

Femijet erdhen me vrap.

It was three feet off the ground, and they said, "What is this?"

Ishte tre kembe mbi token, dhe ata thane,"Cfare eshte kjo?"

And I said, "Yeah, it's, I don't know."

Dhe une u thashe."Eshte..nuk e di."

(Laughter)

(Te qeshura)

They said, "Why have you put it there?"

Ata thane,"Pse e vendose aty?"

I said, "Just like that."

Une u thashe,"Ashtu kot."

And they said, "Can we touch it?"I said, "If you wish to."

Dhe ata thane,"A mund ta prekim?"Une u thashe,"Nese deshironi."

And I went away.

Dhe u largova.

About eight hours later,

Pas rreth 8 oresh,

we found them browsing and teaching each other how to browse.

I gjetem duke eksploruar dhe duke i mesuar njeri tjetrit si te eksploronin.

So I said, "Well that's impossible, because --

Keshtu qe une thashe,"Epo kjo eshte e pamundur, sepse--

How is it possible? They don't know anything."

Si eshte e mundur? Ata s'dine asgje."

My colleagues said, "No, it's a simple solution.

Koleget e mi thane,"Jo,ka nje zgjidhje te thjeshte.

One of your students must have been passing by,

Nje nga studentet e tu duhet te kete kaluar aty pari,

showed them how to use the mouse."

dhe i ka treguar si te perdorin mouse-in.'

So I said, "Yeah, that's possible."

Keshtu qe i thashe,"Po, ka mundesi."

So I repeated the experiment. I went 300 miles out of Delhi

Keshtu perserita eksperimentin. Shkova 300 milje larg Delhi-t

into a really remote village

ne nje fshat vertet te vecuar

where the chances of a passing software development engineer

ku shancet qe nje inxhinier kompjuterash te kalonte aty pari

was very little. (Laughter)

ishin shume te vogla.(Te qeshura)

I repeated the experiment there.

E perserita eksperimentin atje.

There was no place to stay, so I stuck my computer in,

Nuk kishte ndonje vend ku te qendroje, keshtu qe e vendosa kompjuterin

I went away, came back after a couple of months,

u largova, u ktheva pas dy muajsh,

found kids playing games on it.

gjeta femijet duke luajtur lojra ne te.

When they saw me, they said,

Kur me pane, thane,

"We want a faster processor and a better mouse."

"Duam nje procesor me te shpejte dhe nje mouse me te mire."

(Laughter)

(Te qeshura)

So I said, "How on Earth do you know all this?"

Keshtu thashe."Si dreqin i dini te gjitha keto?"

And they said something very interesting to me.

Dhe ata thane dicka qe mu duk mjaft interesante.

In an irritated voice, they said,

Me nje ze te irrituar,thane,

"You've given us a machine that works only in English,

"Na keni dhene nej kompjuter qe punon vetem ne Anglisht,

so we had to teach ourselves English in order to use it." (Laughter)

keshtu qe na u desh te mesonim vete Anglisht qe ta perdornim. (Te qeshura)

That's the first time, as a teacher,

Ajo ishte hera e pare, si mesues,

that I had heard the word "teach ourselves" said so casually.

qe degjoja fjalen "mesojme vete" te thene aq natyrshem.

Here's a short glimpse from those years.

Ja ku eshte nje shfaqje e shkurter nga ata vite.

That's the first day at the Hole in the Wall.

Ajo eshte dita e pare tek Vrima ne Mur.

On your right is an eight-year-old.

Ne te djathten tuaj eshte nje 8-vjecar.

To his left is his student. She's six.

Ne te majten e tij eshte nxenesja e tij, 6 vjecare.

And he's teaching her how to browse.

Dhe ai po i meson asaj si te perdore kompjuterin.

Then onto other parts of the country,

Me pas ne pjese te tjera te vendit,

I repeated this over and over again,

e perserita kete, prape e prape,

getting exactly the same results that we were.

duke marre te njejtat rezultate.

["Hole in the wall film - 1999"]

["Vrime ne Mur-1999"]

An eight-year-old telling his elder sister what to do.

Nje tjeter 8-vjecar duke i treguar motres se madhe cfare te beje.

And finally a girl explaining in Marathi what it is,

Dhe me ne fund nje vajze duke shpjeguar ne Marathi se cfare eshte,

and said, "There's a processor inside."

dhe tha, "Ka nje procesor brenda."

So I started publishing.

Keshtu qe fillova te publikoj.

I published everywhere. I wrote down and measured everything,

Publikova kudo. Mbajta shenime dhe llogarita gjithcka,

and I said, in nine months, a group of children

dhe thashe, ne 9 muaj, nje grup femijesh

left alone with a computer in any language

te lene vetem me nje kompjuter ne cfaredo gjuhe

will reach the same standard as an office secretary in the West.

do te arrijne te njejtat standarte me nje sekretare zyre ne Perendim.

I'd seen it happen over and over and over again.

E kisha pare te ndodhte vazhdimisht.

But I was curious to know, what else would they do

Por isha kurioz te dija, cfare do te benin tjeter

if they could do this much?

nese mund te benin kaq shume?

I started experimenting with other subjects,

Fillova te eksperimentoja ne fusha te tjera,

among them, for example, pronunciation.

nder te cilat, per shembull, shqiptimi.

There's one community of children in southern India

Eshte nje komunitet femijesh ne Indine jugore

whose English pronunciation is really bad,

qe e shqiptojne shume keq anglishten,

and they needed good pronunciation because that would improve their jobs.

e i duhej shqiptim i mire sepse do t'i ndihmonte ne punet e tyre.

I gave them a speech-to-text engine in a computer,

U dhashe nje program "speech to text" ne nje kompjuter,

and I said, "Keep talking into it until it types what you say."

dhe u thashe,"Vazhdoni t'i flisni derisa programi te shkruaje ate qe thoni ju."

(Laughter)

(Te qeshura)

They did that, and watch a little bit of this.

E bene kete, dhe shikoni pak.

Computer: Nice to meet you.Child: Nice to meet you.

Kompjuteri: Kenaqesi te njihem me ty. Femija: Kenaqesi te njihem me ty.

Sugata Mitra: The reason I ended with the face

Sugatra Mitra: Arsyeja pse perfundova me fytyren

of this young lady over there is because I suspect many of you know her.

e kesaj zonjushe te re aty eshte se dyshoj qe shume prej jush e njohin.

She has now joined a call center in Hyderabad

Tani ajo i eshte bashkuar nje qendre telefonatash ne Hyderabad

and may have tortured you about your credit card bills

dhe mund t'ju kete torturuar per faturat e kartes tuaj te kreditit

in a very clear English accent.

ne nje theks Anglez shume te qarte.

So then people said, well, how far will it go?

Keshtu qe me pas njerezit thane, epo, edhe sa do te vazhdoje?

Where does it stop?

Kur ndalon?

I decided I would destroy my own argument

Vendosa se do te shkaterroja argumentin tim

by creating an absurd proposition.

duke krijuar nje sugjerim absurd.

I made a hypothesis, a ridiculous hypothesis.

Krijova nje hipoteze, nje hipoteze qesharake.

Tamil is a south Indian language, and I said,

Tamil eshte nje gjuhe jugore Indiane dhe thashe,

can Tamil-speaking children in a south Indian village

a munden femijet qe flasin Tamil ne nje fshat ne jug te Indise

learn the biotechnology of DNA replication in English

te mesojne bioteknologjine e kopjimit te ADN-se, ne anglisht

from a streetside computer?

nga nje kompjuter i vendosur ne ane te rruges?

And I said, I'll measure them. They'll get a zero.

Dhe thashe,"Do t'i llogaris. Do te marrin nje 0.

I'll spend a couple of months, I'll leave it for a couple of months,

Do te harxhoj nja dy muaj, do ta le per dy muaj,

I'll go back, they'll get another zero.

do te rikthehem, dhe do te marrin nje 0 tjeter.

I'll go back to the lab and say, we need teachers.

Do te kthehem ne laborator dhe do te them, na duhen mesues.

I found a village. It was called Kallikuppam in southern India.

Gjeta nje fshat. Quhej Kallikuppam ne jug te Indise.

I put in Hole in the Wall computers there,

Vendosa kompjuterat e Vrimes ne Mur atje,

downloaded all kinds of stuff from the Internet about DNA replication,

shkarkova te gjitha llojet e gjerave ne lidhje me kopjimin e ADN'se,

most of which I didn't understand.

shumicen e te cilave nuk i kuptoja.

The children came rushing, said, "What's all this?"

Femijet erdhen me nxitim,thane,"C'eshte e gjitha kjo?"

So I said, "It's very topical, very important. But it's all in English."

U thashe,"Eshte shume aktuale, shume e rendesishme. Por eshte e gjitha ne Anglisht.

So they said, "How can we understand such big English words

Ata thane,"Si mund te kuptojme fjale aq te medha ne Anglisht

and diagrams and chemistry?"

dhe diagrame dhe kimi?"

So by now, I had developed a new pedagogical method,

Deri tani, kisha zhvilluar nje metode te re pedagogjike,

so I applied that. I said, "I haven't the foggiest idea."

te cilen e aplikova. U thashe, "Nuk kam as idene me te vogel."

(Laughter)

(Te qeshura)

"And anyway, I am going away."

"Dhe gjithsesi, do te largohem."

(Laughter)

(Te qeshura)

So I left them for a couple of months.

Keshtu i lashe per dy muaj.

They'd got a zero. I gave them a test.

Kishin marre zero pike. I bera nje test.

I came back after two months

U ktheva pas dy muajsh

and the children trooped in and said, "We've understood nothing."

dhe femijesh me rrethuan dhe thane,"Ne nuk kuptuam asgje."

So I said, "Well, what did I expect?"

Thashe,"Cfare prisja?"

So I said, "Okay, but how long did it take you

Keshtu u thashe,"Ok,por sa kohe ju desh

before you decided that you can't understand anything?"

per te vendosur se nuk mund te kuptoni asgje?"

So they said, "We haven't given up.

Ata thane,"Nuk kemi hequr dore.

We look at it every single day."

E shikojme cdo dite."

So I said, "What? You don't understand these screens

Dhe une thashe,"Cfare? Nuk i kuptoni keto faqe

and you keep staring at it for two months? What for?"

dhe vazhdoni t'ia ngulni syte per dy muaj? Per cfare?"

So a little girl who you see just now,

Keshtu nje vajze e vogel te cilen e shikoni tani,

she raised her hand, and she says to me in broken Tamil and English,

ngriti doren,dhe me tha me nje gjuhe Tamil dhe nje Anglishte cope-cope,

she said, "Well, apart from the fact that

"Epo, pervec faktit se

improper replication of the DNA molecule causes disease,

kopjimi i pavend i ADN-se shkakton semundje,

we haven't understood anything else."

nuk kemi kuptuar asgje tjeter."

(Laughter) (Applause)

(Te qeshura) (Duartrokitje)

So I tested them.

Keshtu i bera nje provim.

I got an educational impossibility, zero to 30 percent

Mora nje pamundesi edukative, 0 deri ne 30 perqind

in two months in the tropical heat

ne dy muaj ne mes te vapes tropikale

with a computer under the tree in a language they didn't know

me nje kompjuter nen peme ne nje gjuhe qe nuk e dinin

doing something that's a decade ahead of their time.

duke bere dicka e cila eshte nje dekade perpara tyre.

Absurd. But I had to follow the Victorian norm.

Absurde. Por duhet te ndiqja standartet Viktoriane.

Thirty percent is a fail.

30 perqindeshi do te thote se ngelnin ne provim.

How do I get them to pass? I have to get them 20 more marks.

Si t'i beja te kalonin? Duhet t'u jepja 20 pike te tjera.

I couldn't find a teacher. What I did find was a friend that they had,

Nuk mund te gjeja mesues. Ajo qe gjeta ishte nje shoqe e tyre,

a 22-year-old girl who was an accountant

nje vajze 22-vjecare qe ishte llogaritare

and she played with them all the time.

dhe luante me ta gjate gjithe kohen.

So I asked this girl, "Can you help them?"

Keshtu qe e pyeta vajzen, "A mund t'i ndihmosh?'

So she says, "Absolutely not.

Dhe ajo tha, "Absolutisht jo.

I didn't have science in school. I have no idea

Nuk kam bere shkence ne shkolle. Nuk ia kam idene

what they're doing under that tree all day long. I can't help you."

se c'bejne nen ate peme gjate gjithe dites. Nuk mund t'ju ndihmoj."

I said, "I'll tell you what. Use the method of the grandmother."

I thashe,"Te te them dicka. Perdor metoden e gjyshes."

So she says, "What's that?"

Ajo tha, "Cfare eshte kjo?"

I said, "Stand behind them.

Une i thashe,"Qendro mbrapa tyre.

Whenever they do anything, you just say,

Kurdo here qe ata bejne dicka, thjesht thuaj,

'Well, wow, I mean, how did you do that?

'Uau, dua te them, si e bere kete?

What's the next page? Gosh, when I was your age, I could have never done that.'

Cila eshte faqja tjeter? O zot, kur isha ne moshen tende, nuk do kisha mundur kurre ta beja kete.'

You know what grannies do."

Ti e di cfare bejne gjyshet."

So she did that for two more months.

Dhe keshtu beri ajo per dy muaj te tjere.

The scores jumped to 50 percent.

Piket u rriten ne 50 perqind.

Kallikuppam had caught up

Kallikuppam kishte arritur rezultatet

with my control school in New Delhi,

e shkolles ku punoja une ne New Delhi,

a rich private school with a trained biotechnology teacher.

nje shkolle e pasur private me nje mesues te kualifikuar te bioteknologjise.

When I saw that graph I knew there is a way to level the playing field.

Kur pashe ate grafik e dija se kishte nje menyre per te rrafshuar fushen e lojes.

Here's Kallikuppam.

Ja ku eshte Kallikuppam.

(Children speaking) Neurons ... communication.

(Femijet duke folur) Neurone...komunikim.

I got the camera angle wrong. That one is just amateur stuff,

E kam kendin e xhirimit gabim. Eshte thjeshte dicka fillestaresh,

but what she was saying, as you could make out,

por ajo qe po thoshte, me c'mund te kuptoni,

was about neurons, with her hands were like that,

kishte lidhje me neuronet, me duart e saj ne ate menyre,

and she was saying neurons communicate.

dhe po thoshte se neuronet komunikojne.

At 12.

Ne moshen 12 vjecare.

So what are jobs going to be like?

Pra si do te jene punet?

Well, we know what they're like today.

Epo, ne e dime si jane tani.

What's learning going to be like? We know what it's like today,

Si do te jete te mesuarit? E dime si eshte tani,

children pouring over with their mobile phones on the one hand

femijet me telefonin gjate gjithe kohes ne njeren dore

and then reluctantly going to school to pick up their books with their other hand.

dhe me pas duke shkuar ne shkolle me gjysme zemre, per te mbajtur nje liber ne doren tjeter.

What will it be tomorrow?

Si do te jete e nesermja?

Could it be that we don't need to go to school at all?

Mund te ndodhe qe ne te mos kemi nevoje fare per te shkuar ne shkolle?

Could it be that, at the point in time when you need to know something,

Mund te ndodhe qe, ne nje fare pike kur te kesh nevoje te dish dicka,

you can find out in two minutes?

do ta zbulosh brenda dy minutave?

Could it be -- a devastating question,

Mund te ndodhe--nje pyetje shkaterruese,

a question that was framed for me by Nicholas Negroponte --

e cila ishte pershtatur per mua nga Nicholas Negroponte--

could it be that we are heading towards or maybe in

mund te ndodhe qe ne po shkojme drejt

a future where knowing is obsolete?

nje te ardhme ku te dish eshte e dale mode?

But that's terrible. We are homo sapiens.

Por kjo eshte e tmerrshme. Ne jemi homo sapiens.

Knowing, that's what distinguishes us from the apes.

Te dime, eshte ajo qe na dallon nga majmunet.

But look at it this way.

Por shikojeni ne kete menyre.

It took nature 100 million years

Natyres iu deshen 100 milion vjet

to make the ape stand up

ta bente majmunin te cohej ne kembe

and become Homo sapiens.

e te shnderrohej ne homo sapiens.

It took us only 10,000 to make knowing obsolete.

Ne na u deshen vetem 10,000 ta benim diturine te dale mode.

What an achievement that is.

Cfare arritjeje.

But we have to integrate that into our own future.

Por duhet ta integrojme ate ne te ardhmen tone.

Encouragement seems to be the key.

Inkurajimi duket se eshte celesi.

If you look at Kuppam,

Nese shikoni Kuppam,

if you look at all of the experiments that I did,

nese shikoni eksperimente te tjera qe une bera,

it was simply saying, "Wow," saluting learning.

ishte thjesht, "uau," duke pershendetur te mesuarin.

There is evidence from neuroscience.

Ka prova nga neuroshkenca.

The reptilian part of our brain, which sits in the center of our brain,

Pjesa zvarranikese e trurit tone, e cila ndodhet ne mes te tij,

when it's threatened, it shuts down everything else,

kur eshte e kercenuar, mbyll cdo gje tjeter,

it shuts down the prefrontal cortex, the parts which learn,

mbyll korteksin paraballor, pjeset qe mesojne,

it shuts all of that down.

i mbyll te gjitha.

Punishment and examinations are seen as threats.

Denimet dhe ekzaminimet shikohen si kercenime.

We take our children, we make them shut their brains down,

Ne marrim femijet tane, i bejme te mbyllin trurin,

and then we say, "Perform."

dhe u themi,"Performoni."

Why did they create a system like that?

Pse e krijuan nje sistem te tille?

Because it was needed.

Sepse ishte i nevojshem.

There was an age in the Age of Empires

Ishte nje kohe ne Koherat e Perandorive

when you needed those people who can survive under threat.

kur te duhenin njerez te cilet mund te mbijetonin ne kercenim.

When you're standing in a trench all alone,

Kur je duke qendruar ne nje kanal i vetem,

if you could have survived, you're okay, you've passed.

nese do te kishe mbijetuar, je ne rregull, kalove.

If you didn't, you failed.

Nese jo, deshtove.

But the Age of Empires is gone.

Por Koha e Perandorive mbaroi.

What happens to creativity in our age?

Cfare i ndodh kreativitetit ne moshen tone?

We need to shift that balance back

Duhet ta ndryshojme ate balance

from threat to pleasure.

nga kercenim ne kenaqesi.

I came back to England looking for British grandmothers.

U ktheva ne Angli duke kerkuar per gjyshe Britanike.

I put out notices in papers saying,

Vendosa lajmerime dhe fletushka qe thonin,

if you are a British grandmother, if you have broadband and a web camera,

nese je nje gjyshe Britanike, nese ke nje modem dhe nje kamera,

can you give me one hour of your time per week for free?

mund te me japesh nje ore ne jave nga koha jote, falas?

I got 200 in the first two weeks.

Mora 200 ne dy javet e para.

I know more British grandmothers than anyone in the universe. (Laughter)

Njoh me shume gjyshe Britanike se ndonje tjeter ne univers.( Te qeshura)

They're called the Granny Cloud.

Ato quhen "The Granny Cloud"

The Granny Cloud sits on the Internet.

"The Granny Cloud" vendoset para internetit.

If there's a child in trouble, we beam a Gran.

Nese nje femije ndodhet ne telashe, ne dergojme nje gjyshe.

She goes on over Skype and she sorts things out.

Ajo hyn ne Skype dhe i zgjidh gjerat.

I've seen them do it from a village called Diggles

I kam pare ta bejne nga nje fshat i quajtur Diggles

in northwestern England,

ne veriperendim te Anglise,

deep inside a village in Tamil Nadu, India,

thelle brenda nje fshati ne Tamil Nadu, Indi.

6,000 miles away.

6,000 milje larg.

She does it with only one age-old gesture.

E ben me nje gjest te vetem prej nje-vjecari.

"Shhh."

"Shhh."

Okay?

Ne rregull?

Watch this.

Shiko kete.

Grandmother: You can't catch me. You say it.

Gjyshja:Nuk mund te me kapesh. Thuaje.

You can't catch me.

Nuk mund te me kapesh.

Children: You can't catch me.

Femija: Nuk mund te me kapesh.

Grandmother: I'm the Gingerbread Man.Children: I'm the Gingerbread Man.

Gjyshja:Une jam njeriu Gingerbread. Femija:Une jam njeriu Gingerbread.

Grandmother: Well done! Very good.

Gjyshja:Bravo! Shume mire.

SM: So what's happening here?

SM:Pra cfare po ndodh ketu?

I think what we need to look at is

mendoj se ajo ku duhet te perqendrohemi eshte

we need to look at learning

duhet ta shikojme te mesuarit

as the product of educational self-organization.

si prodhim i edukimit te vete-organizuar.

If you allow the educational process to self-organize,

Nese e lejon procesin e te mesuarit te vete-organizohet,

then learning emerges.

atehere te mesuarit shfaqet.

It's not about making learning happen.

Nuk behet fjale per te qene i detyruar te mesosh.

It's about letting it happen.

Behet fjale per ta lejuar veten te mesoje.

The teacher sets the process in motion

Mesuesja ve procesin ne levizje

and then she stands back in awe

dhe me pas zmbrapset ne frike te perzier me nderim

and watches as learning happens.

dhe shikon ndersa te mesuarit ndodh.

I think that's what all this is pointing at.

Mendoj se ketu perqendrohet e gjithe kjo.

But how will we know? How will we come to know?

Por si do ta dime? Si do te arrijme ta dime?

Well, I intend to build

Epo, une synoj te ndertoj

these Self-Organized Learning Environments.

keto Ambjente te te Mesuarit te Vete-Organizuar.

They are basically broadband, collaboration

Jane ne parim modem, bashkepunim

and encouragement put together.

dhe inkurajim te vendosura bashke.

I've tried this in many, many schools.

E kam provuar ne shume e shume shkolla.

It's been tried all over the world, and teachers

Eshte provuar ne te gjithe boten dhe mesuesit

sort of stand back and say, "It just happens by itself?"

pak a shume, zmbrapsen dhe thone,"Thjesht ndodh vetvetiu?"

And I said, "Yeah, it happens by itself.""How did you know that?"

Dhe une thashe,"Po, ndodh vetvetiu." "Nga e dije kete?"

I said, "You won't believe the children who told me

Une thashe,:"Nuk do t'i besoje, femijet qe ma thane

and where they're from."

dhe se nga jane."

Here's a SOLE in action.

Ja ku eshte nje SOLE ne veprim.

(Children talking)

(Femijet duke folur)

This one is in England.

Kjo eshte ne Angli.

He maintains law and order,

Ai mban rregull dhe qetesi,

because remember, there's no teacher around.

sepse mbani mend, nuk ka mesues verdalle.

Girl: The total number of electrons is not equal to the total number of protons -- SM: Australia

Vajza: Numri total i elektroneve nuk eshte i barabarte me numrin total te protoneve-- SM:Australi

Girl: -- giving it a net positive or negative electrical charge.

Vajza:--duke i dhene nje ngarkese te pergjithshme pozitive ose negative.

The net charge on an ion is equal to the number of protons

Ngarkesa e pergjithshme ne nje jon eshte e njejte me numrin e protoneve

in the ion minus the number of electrons.

ne jon minus numrin e elektroneve.

SM: A decade ahead of her time.

SM: Ka mesuar sa per nje dekade.

So SOLEs, I think we need a curriculum of big questions.

Pra SOLE, mendoj se na duhet nje program mesimor me pyetje te medha.

You already heard about that. You know what that means.

Ju sapo degjuat per te. E dini se c'do te thote.

There was a time when Stone Age men and women

Ishte nje kohe kur burri dhe gruaja e periudhes se gurit

used to sit and look up at the sky and say,

uleshin, shikonin qiellin dhe thonin,

"What are those twinkling lights?"

"Cfare jane ato drita qe shkelqejne?"

They built the first curriculum, but we've lost sight of those wondrous questions.

Ata ndertuan programin e pare mesimor, por ne i kemi lene ne harrese ato pyetje te mahnitshme .

We've brought it down to the tangent of an angle.

Kemi arritur tek tangjentja e nje kendi.

But that's not sexy enough.

Por kjo nuk eshte edhe aq seksi.

The way you would put it to a nine-year-old is to say,

Menyra si do t'i drejtoheshe nje 9-vjecari eshte t'i thuash,

"If a meteorite was coming to hit the Earth,

"Nese nje meteor do te vinte per t'u perplasur me Token,

how would you figure out if it was going to or not?"

si do ta zbuloje nese do ta godiste apo jo?"

And if he says, "Well, what? how?"

Dhe nese ai thote, "Epo, cfare? Si?"

you say, "There's a magic word. It's called the tangent of an angle,"

ti thua, "Gjendet nje fjale magjike. Quhet tangjentja e kendit."

and leave him alone. He'll figure it out.

dhe lere rehat. Do ta zbuloje.

So here are a couple of images from SOLEs.

Pra ja ku jane disa imazhe nga SOLE.

I've tried incredible, incredible questions --

Kam provuar nje pyetje te pabesueshme--

"When did the world begin? How will it end?" —

"Kur filloi bota? Si do te mbaroje?"--

to nine-year-olds.

per 9-vjecaret.

This one is about what happens to the air we breathe.

Kjo ketu eshte ne lidhje me cfare i ndodh ajrit kur ne marrim fryme.

This is done by children without the help of any teacher.

Kjo eshte bere nga femije pa ndihmen e ndonje mesuesi.

The teacher only raises the question,

Mesuesi vetem ngre pyetjen,

and then stands back and admires the answer.

dhe me pas zmbrapset dhe admiron pergjigjen.

So what's my wish?

Pra cila eshte deshira ime?

My wish is

Deshira ime eshte

that we design the future of learning.

te modelojme te ardhmen e te mesuarit.

We don't want to be spare parts

Nuk duam te jemi pjese kembimi

for a great human computer, do we?

per nje kompjuter gjigand te perbere nga njerez, apo jo?

So we need to design a future for learning.

Pra duhet te modelojme te ardhmen e te mesuarit.

And I've got to -- hang on,

Dhe une duhet--prisni pak,

I've got to get this wording exactly right,

Duhet ta shpreh kete gje ashtu sic duhet,

because, you know, it's very important.

sepse,e dini,eshte shume e rendesishme.

My wish is to help design a future of learning

Deshira ime eshte te modeloj nje te ardhme te te mesuarit

by supporting children all over the world

duke mbeshtetur femije ne te gjithe boen

to tap into their wonder and their ability to work together.

te trokasin ne kuriozitetin e tyre dhe ne aftesine e tyre te te bashkepunuarit.

Help me build this school.

Me ndihmoni ta ndertoj kete shkolle.

It will be called the School in the Cloud.

Do te quhet Shkolla ne Re.

It will be a school where children go on these intellectual adventures

Do te jete nje shkolle ku femijet shkojne ne keto aventura intelektuale

driven by the big questions which their mediators put in.

te udhehequr nga pyetjet te cilat fusin ndermjetesit e tyre.

The way I want to do this

Menyra se si une dua ta bej kete

is to build a facility where I can study this.

eshte te ndertoj nje menyre te lehte per ta studiuar.

It's a facility which is practically unmanned.

Eshte nje lehtesi e cila eshte praktikisht e paemeruar.

There's only one granny

Ka vetem nje gjyshe

who manages health and safety.

e cila arrin shendet dhe siguri.

The rest of it's from the cloud.

Pjesa tjeter e saj vjen nga reja.

The lights are turned on and off by the cloud,

Dritat ndizen dhe fiken nga reja.

etc., etc., everything's done from the cloud.

etj.,etj.,cdo gje behet nga reja.

But I want you for another purpose.

Por ju dua per nje tjeter qellim.

You can do Self-Organized Learning Environments

Ju mund te beni Ambiente te te Mesuarit te Vete-Organizuar

at home, in the school, outside of school, in clubs.

ne shtepi, ne shkolle, jashte shkolle, ne klube.

It's very easy to do. There's a great document

Eshte shume e thjeshte per tu bere. Eshte nje dokument i madh

produced by TED which tells you how to do it.

i prodhuar nga TED i cili ju tregon si ta beni.

If you would please, please do it

Nese do te mundeshit ju lutem, ju lutem bejeni

across all five continents

permes te peste kontinenteve

and send me the data,

dhe me dergoni te dhenat,

then I'll put it all together, move it into the School of Clouds,

me pas do t'i bashkoj, do t'i zhvendos ne Shkollen e Reve,

and create the future of learning.

dhe do te krijoj te ardhmen e te mesuarit.

That's my wish.

Kjo eshte deshira ime.

And just one last thing.

Dhe vetem dicka te fundit.

I'll take you to the top of the Himalayas.

Do t'ju coj ne maje te Himalajeve.

At 12,000 feet, where the air is thin,

Ne 12,000 kembe lartesi, ku ajri eshte i paket,

I once built two Hole in the Wall computers,

dikur ndertova dy kompjutera te futur ne nje Vrime ne Mur,

and the children flocked there.

dhe femijet u grumbulluan aty.

And there was this little girl who was following me around.

Dhe ishte kjo vajza e vogel e cila me ndiqte nga pas.

And I said to her, "You know, I want to give a computer to everybody, every child.

Dhe i thashe,"E di, dua t'i jap nje kompjuter te gjitheve, cdo femije.

I don't know, what should I do?"

Nuk e di, cfare duhet te bej?"

And I was trying to take a picture of her quietly.

Dhe po perpiqesha ta fotografoja qetesisht.

She suddenly raised her hand like this, and said to me,

Ajo papritur e ngriti doren keshtu, dhe me tha,

"Get on with it."

"Beje."

(Laughter) (Applause)

(Te qeshura)(Duartrokitje)

I think it was good advice.

Mendoj se ishte nje keshille e mire.

I'll follow her advice. I'll stop talking.

Do ta ndjek keshillen e saj. Do te pushoj se foluri.

Thank you. Thank you very much.

Faleminderit. Faleminderit shume.

(Applause)

(Duartrokitje)

Thank you. Thank you. (Applause)

Faleminderit. Faleminderit.(Duartrokitje)

Thank you very much. Wow. (Applause)

Faleminderit shume. Uau. (Duartrokitje)