Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie: The danger of a single story | TED

14,089,006 views ・ 2009-10-07

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μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Yonggwan Cho κ²€ν† : Yana Maquieira
00:12
I'm a storyteller.
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λ‚˜λŠ” μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°κΎΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:14
And I would like to tell you a few personal stories
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였늘 제 개인적인 이야기 λͺ‡κ°€μ§€λ₯Ό λ“€λ €λ“œλ¦¬κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:17
about what I like to call "the danger of the single story."
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μ£Όμ œλŠ” λ‹¨νŽΈμ μΈ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°μ˜ μœ„ν—˜μ„±μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:22
I grew up on a university campus in eastern Nigeria.
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μ „ λ‚˜μ΄μ§€λ¦¬μ•„ λ™λΆ€μ˜ ν•œ λŒ€ν•™κ΅ μΊ νΌμŠ€μ—μ„œ μžλžμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:26
My mother says that I started reading at the age of two,
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μ–΄λ¨Έλ‹ˆκ»˜μ„œ λ§μ”€ν•˜μ‹œκΈΈ μ „ 두 μ‚΄ λ•ŒλΆ€ν„° 글을 읽기 μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆλ‹€κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:29
although I think four is probably close to the truth.
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사싀은 μ•„λ§ˆ λ„€ μ‚΄ λ•ŒλΆ€ν„° 읽은 것 κ°™μ•„μš”.
00:33
So I was an early reader,
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κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ μ €λŠ” 일찍뢀터 책을 μ½μ—ˆλŠ”λ°μš”,
00:35
and what I read were British and American children's books.
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주둜 μ˜κ΅­μ™€ 미ꡭ의 동화책을 μ½μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:39
I was also an early writer,
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λ˜ν•œ 어렸을 λ•ŒλΆ€ν„° 글을 쓰기도 ν–ˆμ£ .
00:42
and when I began to write, at about the age of seven,
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7μ‚΄ μ¦ˆμŒλΆ€ν„° 글을 μ“°κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμ–΄μš”.
00:46
stories in pencil with crayon illustrations
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μ—°ν•„λ‘œ 글을 μ“°κ³  크레파슀둜 그림을 κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ μ„œ
00:48
that my poor mother was obligated to read,
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μ–΄λ¨Έλ‹ˆμ—κ²Œ 늘 제 μž‘ν’ˆμ„ 읽으라고 κ°•μš”ν•˜κ³€ ν–ˆμ£ .
00:51
I wrote exactly the kinds of stories I was reading:
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μ „ μ œκ°€ μ½μ—ˆλ˜ 이야기와 λΉ„μŠ·ν•œ 이야기λ₯Ό μΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:55
All my characters were white and blue-eyed,
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주인곡듀은 λͺ¨λ‘ νŒŒλž€λˆˆμ— 백인듀이며
01:00
they played in the snow,
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눈 μœ„μ—μ„œ 놀고
01:02
they ate apples,
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사과도 λ¨Ήμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:04
(Laughter)
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또 날씨에 κ΄€ν•œ 이야기λ₯Ό 많이 ν–ˆμ—ˆμ£ .
01:06
and they talked a lot about the weather,
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ν•΄κ°€ λ‚˜μ™€μ„œ
01:08
how lovely it was that the sun had come out.
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λ„ˆλ¬΄λ‚˜ μ•„λ¦„λ‹€μš΄ 날씨라고 말이죠.
01:10
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
01:12
Now, this despite the fact that I lived in Nigeria.
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μ €λŠ” λ‹Ήμ‹œμ— λ‚˜μ΄μ§€λ¦¬μ•„μ— μ‚΄κ³  μžˆμ—ˆκ³ 
01:15
I had never been outside Nigeria.
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μ™Έκ΅­μ—” 가본적이 μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:19
We didn't have snow, we ate mangoes,
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λˆˆλ„ μ•ˆμ˜€κ³  μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 망고λ₯Ό λ¨Ήμ—ˆμ£ .
01:22
and we never talked about the weather,
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그리고 날씨에 κ΄€ν•œ 이야기λ₯Ό ν•˜μ§€λ„ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:24
because there was no need to.
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그런 이야기λ₯Ό ν•  ν•„μš”κ°€ μ—†κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ ,
01:26
My characters also drank a lot of ginger beer,
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μ œκ°€ μ“΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°μ˜ 주인곡듀은 진저비어λ₯Ό 많이 λ§ˆμ…¨μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:29
because the characters in the British books I read
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έ 영ꡭ λ™ν™”μ±…μ˜ 주인곡듀이
01:31
drank ginger beer.
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진저비어λ₯Ό λ§ˆμ…¨μœΌλ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
01:33
Never mind that I had no idea what ginger beer was.
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진저비어가 뭔지 μ „ν˜€ λͺ°λžμ§€λ§Œ 별 μƒκ΄€μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:36
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
01:37
And for many years afterwards,
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λͺ‡ 년이 μ§€λ‚œν›„, μ „ κΉŠμ€ 열망을 κ°€μ§€κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:39
I would have a desperate desire to taste ginger beer.
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진저비어λ₯Ό 맛보고 μ‹Άμ–΄μ‘Œλ˜ 것이죠
01:42
But that is another story.
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이건 λ‹€μŒ κΈ°νšŒμ— μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν• κ»˜μš”.
01:44
What this demonstrates, I think,
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이것은 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ–΄λ–€ 이야기λ₯Ό λ“€μ„λ•Œ
01:46
is how impressionable and vulnerable we are
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μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ μ‰½κ²Œ 그것에 영ν–₯을 λ°›κ³  λ”°λΌν•˜κ²Œ λ˜λŠ”μ§€
01:49
in the face of a story,
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잘 λ³΄μ—¬μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:51
particularly as children.
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특히 아이듀이 κ·Έλ ‡μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:53
Because all I had read were books in which characters were foreign,
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μ œκ°€ μ½μ—ˆλ˜ 책듀은,
μ „λΆ€ 주인곡듀이 외ꡭ인이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
01:57
I had become convinced that books
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μ €λŠ” μžμ—°μŠ€λŸ½κ²Œ μ±…μ΄λž€ 것은 λ‹Ήμ—°νžˆ
01:59
by their very nature had to have foreigners in them
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주인곡은 외ꡭ인이어야 ν•˜λ©°
02:02
and had to be about things with which I could not personally identify.
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λ‚΄κ°€ 직접 κ²½ν—˜ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•œ 것에 κ΄€ν•œ
λ‚΄μš©μ΄μ–΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€κ³  믿게 λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:07
Now, things changed when I discovered African books.
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아프리카 μž‘κ°€λ“€μ˜ 책을 μ½μœΌλ©΄μ„œ 상황은 λ°”λ€Œμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:11
There weren't many of them available,
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그런 책은 많이 μžˆμ§€λ„ μ•Šμ•˜κ³  μ™Έκ΅­ μ €μžμ˜ 책듀보닀
02:13
and they weren't quite as easy to find as the foreign books.
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찾기도 μ–΄λ €μ› μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 'μΉ˜λˆ„μ•„ 아체베'λ‚˜ '카마라 레이'같은 μž‘κ°€λ“€λ‘œ 인해
02:16
But because of writers like Chinua Achebe and Camara Laye,
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02:19
I went through a mental shift in my perception of literature.
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문학에 λŒ€ν•œ μ €μ˜ μΈμ‹μ—λŠ” λ³€ν™”κ°€
μƒκ²ΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:23
I realized that people like me,
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μ œκ°€ 깨달은 것은, 저같은 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€
02:25
girls with skin the color of chocolate,
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즉, μ΄ˆμ½œλ › λΉ›κΉ”μ˜ 피뢀색을 가진 μ†Œλ…€λ“€,
02:27
whose kinky hair could not form ponytails,
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ν¬λ‹ˆν…ŒμΌ μŠ€νƒ€μΌλ‘œ 머리가 묢이지 μ•ŠλŠ” 곱슬머리 μ†Œλ…€λ„
02:30
could also exist in literature.
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책에 λ‚˜μ˜¬ 수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” μ‚¬μ‹€μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:32
I started to write about things I recognized.
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그리고 μ œκ°€ 깨달은 사싀에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ“°κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:36
Now, I loved those American and British books I read.
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λ¬Όλ‘  μ œκ°€ μ½μ—ˆλ˜ λ―Έκ΅­κ³Ό μ˜κ΅­μ±…λ“€μ„ μ‚¬λž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:40
They stirred my imagination. They opened up new worlds for me.
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제게 상상λ ₯을 λΆˆμ–΄λ„£κ³  μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 세계λ₯Ό μ—΄μ–΄μ£Όμ—ˆμ£ 
02:44
But the unintended consequence
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ˜λ„μΉ˜ μ•Šκ²Œ, 그둜 인해
02:46
was that I did not know that people like me
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저와 같은 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€λ„ 문학속에 μ‘΄μž¬ν•  수
02:48
could exist in literature.
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μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ±Έ λͺ°λžμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:50
So what the discovery of African writers did for me was this:
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아프리카 μž‘κ°€λ“€μ„ μ•Œκ²Œ λ˜λ©΄μ„œ μ €λŠ” λΉ„λ‘œμ†Œ
02:54
It saved me from having a single story of what books are.
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μ±…μ΄λž€ 무엇인가에 λŒ€ν•œ λ‹¨νŽΈμ  μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λ“€λ‘œλΆ€ν„°
λ²—μ–΄λ‚œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:59
I come from a conventional, middle-class Nigerian family.
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μ €λŠ” μ „ν˜•μ μΈ 쀑산측 λ‚˜μ΄μ§€λ¦¬μ•„ κ°€μ •μ—μ„œ μžλžμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:02
My father was a professor.
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μ•„λ²„μ§€κ»˜μ„œλŠ” κ΅μˆ˜μ΄μ…¨κ³ 
03:04
My mother was an administrator.
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μ–΄λ¨Έλ‹ˆκ»˜μ„œλŠ” 행정관이셨죠.
03:07
And so we had, as was the norm,
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μ—¬λŠ 쀑산측 κ°€μ •μ΄λ‚˜ λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€λ‘œ,
03:10
live-in domestic help, who would often come from nearby rural villages.
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저희집에도 인근 μ‹œκ³¨λ§ˆμ„ μΆœμ‹ μ˜ κ°€μ •λΆ€κ°€ ν•¨κ»˜ μ‚΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:15
So, the year I turned eight, we got a new house boy.
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μ œκ°€ μ—¬λŸ 살이 λ˜μ—ˆμ„ λ•Œ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ κ°€μ •λΆ€ μ†Œλ…„μ΄ μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:19
His name was Fide.
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κ·Έ 아이 이름은 ν”Όλ°μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. .
03:21
The only thing my mother told us about him was that his family was very poor.
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μ–΄λ¨Έλ‹ˆκ»˜μ„œ 제게 κ·Έ 아이에 λŒ€ν•΄ ν•΄μ£Όμ‹  λ§μ”€μ΄λΌκ³ λŠ”
그의 가쑱이 맀우 κ°€λ‚œν•˜λ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆμ£ .
03:27
My mother sent yams and rice, and our old clothes, to his family.
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μ–΄λ¨Έλ‹ˆλŠ” κ³ κ΅¬λ§ˆμ™€ μŒ€, ν—Œμ˜·μ„
그의 κ°€μ‘±μ—κ²Œ λ³΄λƒˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:32
And when I didn't finish my dinner, my mother would say,
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그리고 μ œκ°€ μŒμ‹μ„ 남기면 μ–΄λ¨Έλ‹ˆλŠ” μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ§μ”€ν•˜μ…¨μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:34
"Finish your food! Don't you know? People like Fide's family have nothing."
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"λ°₯을 λ‹€ λ¨Ήμ–΄. 피데넀 같은 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ λ¨Ήμ„κ²Œ μ—†μ–΄ κ΅ΆλŠ”κ±° λͺ¨λ₯΄λ‹ˆ?"
03:39
So I felt enormous pity for Fide's family.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ „ 피데넀 κ°€μ‘±μ—κ²Œ μ—„μ²­λ‚œ 동정심을 λŠκΌˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:43
Then one Saturday, we went to his village to visit,
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μ–΄λŠ ν† μš”μΌ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 그의 λ§ˆμ„μ— λ“€λ €μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:46
and his mother showed us a beautifully patterned basket
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ν”Όλ°μ˜ μ—„λ§ˆλŠ” 예쁜 λ¬Έμ–‘μ˜ λ°”κ΅¬λ‹ˆλ₯Ό λ³΄μ—¬μ£Όμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€,
03:50
made of dyed raffia that his brother had made.
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그의 ν˜•μ΄ λ§Œλ“  μ•Όμžλ‚˜λ¬΄λ‘œ 물든인 λ°”κ΅¬λ‹ˆμ˜€μ£ .
03:53
I was startled.
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μ „ 깜짝 λ†€λžμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:55
It had not occurred to me that anybody in his family
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그의 κ°€μ‘± 쀑 λˆ„κ΅¬λ„ 무언가λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€ 수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 생각을
03:58
could actually make something.
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μ „ν˜€ 해보지 λͺ»ν–ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ 
04:01
All I had heard about them was how poor they were,
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μ €λŠ” 그듀이 κ°€λ‚œν•˜λ‹€λŠ” μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λ§Œ λ“€μ–΄μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:04
so that it had become impossible for me to see them as anything else but poor.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ°€λ‚œν•˜λ‹€λŠ” 것 μ΄μ™Έμ—λŠ”, 그듀에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œ λ‹€λ₯Έ 면을
생각할 수 μ—†μ—ˆλ˜ κ±°μ£ .
04:09
Their poverty was my single story of them.
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그듀에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ œκ°€ 듀은 λ‹¨νŽΈμ μΈ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λŠ” κ°€λ‚œμ΄μ—ˆμ£ .
04:13
Years later, I thought about this when I left Nigeria
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λͺ‡ λ…„ ν›„, λ‚˜μ΄μ§€λ¦¬μ•„λ₯Ό λ– λ‚˜ λ―Έκ΅­μ—μ„œ λŒ€ν•™μ„ 닀닐 λ•Œ
04:15
to go to university in the United States.
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이 이야기λ₯Ό λ‹€μ‹œ μƒκ°ν•˜κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:18
I was 19.
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λ‹Ήμ‹œμ— 19μ‚΄ μ΄μ—ˆλŠ”λ°μš”,
04:20
My American roommate was shocked by me.
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제 미ꡭ인 λ£Έλ©”μ΄νŠΈκ°€ 절 보고 깜짝 λ†€λžμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:24
She asked where I had learned to speak English so well,
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μ–΄λ””μ„œ μ˜μ–΄λ₯Ό κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ 잘 배웠냐고 λ¬Όμ—ˆμ£ .
04:27
and was confused when I said that Nigeria
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λ‚˜μ΄μ§€λ¦¬μ•„μ˜ 곡식어가 μ˜μ–΄λΌκ³ 
04:29
happened to have English as its official language.
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λŒ€λ‹΅ν–ˆλ”λ‹ˆ 어리λ‘₯μ ˆν•œ λͺ¨μŠ΅μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:33
She asked if she could listen to what she called my "tribal music,"
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또 우리 "λΆ€μ‘± 전톡 μŒμ•…"을 듀렀달라고 ν•˜λ”κ΅°μš”.
04:38
and was consequently very disappointed
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그리곀 이내 ꡉμž₯히 μ‹€λ§ν–ˆμ£ 
04:40
when I produced my tape of Mariah Carey.
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μ œκ°€ 머라이어 캐리의 ν…ŒμžŽμ„ λ‚΄λ†“μ•˜κ±°λ“ μš”.
04:42
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
04:45
She assumed that I did not know how to use a stove.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μ œκ°€ κ°€μŠ€λ Œμ§€ μ‚¬μš©λ²•μ„
λͺ¨λ₯Ό 거라고 μ§μž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:49
What struck me was this:
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μ§„μ§œ 좩격적인 것은 κ·Έλ…€κ°€ 제게 동정심을 λŠκΌˆλ‹€λŠ” μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:51
She had felt sorry for me even before she saw me.
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절 λ§Œλ‚˜κΈ°λ„ μ „μ—μš”.
04:54
Her default position toward me, as an African,
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μ• μ΄ˆμ— μ €λ₯Ό ν•œλͺ…μ˜ 아프리카 μ‚¬λžŒμœΌλ‘œ
04:58
was a kind of patronizing, well-meaning pity.
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μ•…μ˜ μ—†λŠ” 동정심과 λ³΄ν˜Έμ‹¬μœΌλ‘œ λŒ€ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:02
My roommate had a single story of Africa:
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제 λ£Έλ©”μ΄νŠΈλŠ” 아프리카에 λŒ€ν•œ λ‹¨νŽΈμ μΈ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λ§Œ 듀은것이죠.
05:05
a single story of catastrophe.
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μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ˜ μž¬λ‚œμ— λŒ€ν•œ λ‹¨νŽΈμ μΈ 이야기λ₯Όμš”.
05:08
In this single story,
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κ·Έλ…€κ°€ 듀은 λ‹¨νŽΈμ μΈ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°μ†μ—μ„œ, 아프리카 인은
05:09
there was no possibility of Africans being similar to her in any way,
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μ–΄λ–€ λ©΄μœΌλ‘œλ„ 그녀와 λΉ„μŠ·ν•  수 μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:14
no possibility of feelings more complex than pity,
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λ‹¨μˆœν•œ 동정심 μ΄μ™Έμ˜ μ–΄λ–€ 감정듀도 λŠλ‚„ 수 μ—†μ—ˆκ³ 
05:17
no possibility of a connection as human equals.
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λ™λ“±ν•œ μΈκ°„μœΌλ‘œμ˜ μ†Œν†΅λ„ λΆˆκ°€λŠ₯ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:21
I must say that before I went to the U.S.,
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μ†”μ§νžˆ 말해, μ œκ°€ 미ꡭ에 κ°€κΈ° μ „κΉŒμ§€λŠ” μ˜μ‹μ μœΌλ‘œ
05:23
I didn't consciously identify as African.
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μ œμžμ‹ μ„ 아프리카인이라고 λŠλ‚€μ μ΄ μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:26
But in the U.S., whenever Africa came up, people turned to me.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λ―Έκ΅­μ—μ„œλŠ” 아프리카 이야기가 λ‚˜μ˜€λ©΄ λ‹€λ“€ 절 쳐닀봀죠.
05:29
Never mind that I knew nothing about places like Namibia.
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μ œκ°€ λ‚˜λ―ΈλΉ„μ•„ 같은 곳에 λŒ€ν•΄ 아무것도 λͺ°λΌλ„ μƒκ΄€μ—†μ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
05:33
But I did come to embrace this new identity,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이젠 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μ €μ˜ 정체성을 λ°›μ•„ λ“€μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:35
and in many ways I think of myself now as African.
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λ§Žμ€ λ©΄μ—μ„œ μ „ 슀슀둜λ₯Ό 아프리카 μ‚¬λžŒμœΌλ‘œ μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:38
Although I still get quite irritable when Africa is referred to as a country,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 아프리카λ₯Ό ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ λ‚˜λΌμΈ μ–‘
이야기λ₯Ό ν•˜λ©΄ 아직도 짜증이 λ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:42
the most recent example being my otherwise wonderful flight
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κ°€μž₯ 졜근의 예둜, 2일전에 λΌκ³ μŠ€μ—μ„œ μ˜€λŠ” λΉ„ν–‰κΈ°λ₯Ό 타고
05:46
from Lagos two days ago,
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κΈ°λΆ„ μ’‹κ²Œ μ—¬ν–‰μ€‘μ΄μ—ˆμ–΄μš”,
05:47
in which there was an announcement on the Virgin flight
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버진항곡사 λΉ„ν–‰κΈ°μ—μ„œ 기내방솑이 μžˆμ—ˆλŠ”λ°
05:50
about the charity work in "India, Africa and other countries."
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'인도와 아프리카 및 λ‹€λ₯Έ κ΅­κ°€λ“€"을 μœ„ν•œ μžμ„ ν–‰μ‚¬μ— κ΄€ν•œ κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:55
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
05:56
So, after I had spent some years in the U.S. as an African,
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ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μΈμœΌλ‘œ λ―Έκ΅­μ—μ„œ λͺ‡ 년을 지낸 ν›„
06:00
I began to understand my roommate's response to me.
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μ €λŠ” κ·Έ λ£Έλ©”μ΄νŠΈμ˜ λ°˜μ‘μ„ μ΄ν•΄ν•˜κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:04
If I had not grown up in Nigeria,
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μ œκ°€ λ‚˜μ΄μ§€λ¦¬μ•„μ—μ„œ μžλΌμ§€ μ•Šμ•˜κ³ , ν”νžˆ μ•Œλ €μ§„ μ΄λ―Έμ§€λ‘œλ§Œ
06:06
and if all I knew about Africa were from popular images,
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아프리카λ₯Ό μ•Œμ•˜λ‹€λ©΄
06:09
I too would think that Africa was a place of beautiful landscapes,
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μ € μ—­μ‹œλ„ 아프리카λ₯Ό μ•„λ¦„λ‹€μš΄ κ²½μΉ˜μ™€
멋진 동물듀이 있으며
06:14
beautiful animals,
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06:16
and incomprehensible people,
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이해할 수 μ—†λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
06:18
fighting senseless wars, dying of poverty and AIDS,
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λ¬΄μ˜λ―Έν•œ μ „μŸ 속에 빈곀과 μ—μ΄μ¦ˆλ‘œ μ£½μ–΄κ°€λ©°
06:21
unable to speak for themselves
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κ·Έλ“€ 슀슀둜의 λͺ©μ†Œλ¦¬λ₯Ό 내지 λͺ»ν•˜κ³ 
06:24
and waiting to be saved by a kind, white foreigner.
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μΉœμ ˆν•œ 백인이 ꡬ해주기λ₯Ό
κΈ°λ‹€λ¦¬λŠ” 곳으둜 μƒκ°ν–ˆκ² μ£ .
06:29
I would see Africans in the same way that I,
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어릴 적 피데넀 가쑱을 보던 μ‹œμ„ μœΌλ‘œ
06:31
as a child, had seen Fide's family.
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아프리카인을 바라 λ³΄μ•˜μ„ κ±°μ˜ˆμš”.
06:35
This single story of Africa ultimately comes, I think, from Western literature.
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아프리카에 λŒ€ν•œ 이런 λ‹¨νŽΈμ μΈ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λŠ” ꢁ극적으둜 μ„œμ–‘ λ¬Έν•™μ—μ„œ μ™”λŠ”λ°μš”.
06:39
Now, here is a quote from the writing of a London merchant called John Lok,
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μ—¬κΈ° ν•˜λ‚˜λ₯Ό μΈμš©ν•΄ 보면,
μ‘΄ λ‘œν¬λΌλŠ” 영ꡭ 무역상이 μ“΄ κΈ€μΈλ°μš”,
06:44
who sailed to west Africa in 1561
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κ·ΈλŠ” 1561λ…„ μ„œ μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄λ‘œ ν•­ν•΄λ₯Ό ν•˜λ©°
06:47
and kept a fascinating account of his voyage.
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그의 여정을 ν₯미둭게 κΈ°λ‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:52
After referring to the black Africans as "beasts who have no houses,"
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아프리카 흑인듀을
"집도 μ—†λŠ” μ•Όμˆ˜λ“€"이라 λΆ€λ₯΄κ³ μ„œ,
06:56
he writes, "They are also people without heads,
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"이듀은 머리가 μ—†κ³ , 눈과 μž…μ΄ 젖톡에
07:00
having their mouth and eyes in their breasts."
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λ‹¬λ €μžˆλ‹€" 라고 μΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:05
Now, I've laughed every time I've read this.
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μ „ 이걸 읽을 λ•Œλ§ˆλ‹€ μ›ƒμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:07
And one must admire the imagination of John Lok.
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그리고 μ‘΄ 둜크의 상상λ ₯은 μ‘΄κ²½ν•  만 ν•˜μ£ .
07:11
But what is important about his writing
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 사싀은 그의 글이 μ„œμ–‘μ—μ„œ
07:13
is that it represents the beginning
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νšŒμžλ˜λŠ” 전톡적
07:15
of a tradition of telling African stories in the West:
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아프리카 μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°μ˜ μ‹œμ΄ˆκ°€ λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:18
A tradition of Sub-Saharan Africa as a place of negatives,
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이 전톡은 μ‚¬ν•˜λΌ 이남 아프리카λ₯Ό 뢀정적이고 이질적이며
07:21
of difference, of darkness,
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μŒμΉ¨ν•œ 곳으둜 ν‘œν˜„ν–ˆκ³ ,
07:23
of people who, in the words of the wonderful poet Rudyard Kipling,
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유λͺ…ν•œ μ‹œμΈ λ£¨λ””μ•Όλ“œ ν‚€ν”Œλ§μ˜ 말처럼,
아프리카 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„
07:29
are "half devil, half child."
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"λ°˜μ€ μ•…λ§ˆ, λ°˜μ€ 아이"둜 κ·Έλ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:32
And so, I began to realize that my American roommate
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 제 미ꡭ인 λ£Έλ©”μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ‚΄μ•„μ˜€λ©΄μ„œ λΆ„λͺ…νžˆ
07:35
must have throughout her life
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아프리카에 κ΄€ν•œ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μ’…λ₯˜μ˜
07:37
seen and heard different versions of this single story,
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λ‹¨νŽΈμ  이야기λ₯Ό 보고 λ“€μ—ˆμ„ κ±°λΌλŠ”
생각이 λ“€κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:41
as had a professor,
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λ‚˜μ˜ μ†Œμ„€μ΄ "μ§„μ§œ 아프리카적"이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌκ³ 
07:43
who once told me that my novel was not "authentically African."
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λ§ν–ˆλ˜ κ·Έ κ΅μˆ˜λ‹˜μ²˜λŸΌ λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:48
Now, I was quite willing to contend
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제 μ†Œμ„€μ—λŠ” μ•„λ§ˆ 문제점이 μžˆμ„ κ²ƒμ΄λΌλŠ” 것을
07:49
that there were a number of things wrong with the novel,
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μΈμ •ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:52
that it had failed in a number of places,
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μ œλŒ€λ‘œ 이야기 전달에 μ‹€νŒ¨ν•œ 뢀뢄도 μžˆκ³ μš”.
07:56
but I had not quite imagined that it had failed
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ‹€νŒ¨ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•˜λŠ” 뢀뢄이 μžˆλŠ”λ°μš”.
07:58
at achieving something called African authenticity.
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λ°”λ‘œ μ§„μ§œ μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ μ΄λž€ 무엇인가λ₯Ό λ³΄μ—¬μ€¬λ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:01
In fact, I did not know what African authenticity was.
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사싀 μ „ λͺ°λžμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
μ§„μ§œ μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ μ΄λž€ μ–΄λ–€ 것인지λ₯Όμš”.
08:06
The professor told me that my characters were too much like him,
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κ·Έ κ΅μˆ˜λ‹˜μ€ 제 μ±…μ˜ 주인곡듀이
μžμ‹ κ³Ό λ„ˆλ¬΄ λΉ„μŠ·ν•˜λ‹€κ³  ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:10
an educated and middle-class man.
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ꡐ윑 μˆ˜μ€€μ΄ 높은 쀑산측인 μžμ‹ κ³Ό 말이죠.
08:12
My characters drove cars.
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제 μ±…μ˜ 주인곡듀은 μ°¨λ₯Ό λͺ°κ³ 
08:14
They were not starving.
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ꡢ주리지도 μ•Šμ•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
08:17
Therefore they were not authentically African.
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μ§„μ§œ 아프리카인이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌκ³  ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:21
But I must quickly add that I too am just as guilty
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ € μ—­μ‹œλ„ λ‹¨νŽΈμ  μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°μ˜ 문제 μ•žμ—
08:24
in the question of the single story.
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μœ μ£„μž„μ„ λ§λΆ™μ—¬μ•Όκ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:27
A few years ago, I visited Mexico from the U.S.
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λͺ‡ λ…„ μ „ λ―Έκ΅­μ—μ„œ λ©•μ‹œμ½”λ₯Ό κ°„ 적이 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:31
The political climate in the U.S. at the time was tense,
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λ‹Ήμ‹œ λ―Έκ΅­μ—μ„œλŠ” μ •μΉ˜μ μΈ κΈ΄μž₯감이 돌고 있던 μ‹œκΈ°μ˜€μ£ .
08:33
and there were debates going on about immigration.
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그리고 μ΄λ―Όμžμ— κ΄€ν•œ λ…ΌμŸμ΄ ν•œμ°½μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:37
And, as often happens in America,
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λ―Έκ΅­μ—μ„œλŠ” ν”νžˆ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€λ§Œ
08:39
immigration became synonymous with Mexicans.
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μ΄λ―ΌμžλΌλŠ” 말이 λ©•μ‹œμ½”μΈμ΄λΌλŠ” 말과 λ™μ˜μ–΄κ°€ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:42
There were endless stories of Mexicans
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λ©•μ‹œμ½”μΈμ— κ΄€ν•œ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λŠ” 끝도 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:44
as people who were fleecing the healthcare system,
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λ©•μ‹œμ½” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€
κ±΄κ°•λ³΄ν—˜ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ μ•…μš©ν•˜κ³ 
08:48
sneaking across the border,
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ꡭ경을 λͺ°λž˜ λ„˜μ–΄ λ°€μž…κ΅­ν•˜λ©°
08:50
being arrested at the border, that sort of thing.
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κ΅­κ²½μ—μ„œ 체포된 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€ λ“±μœΌλ‘œ λ¬˜μ‚¬λ˜μ£ .
08:54
I remember walking around on my first day in Guadalajara,
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μ „ κ³Όλ‹¬λΌν•˜λΌμ— λ„μ°©ν•œ κ·Έ λ‚  산책을 ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:58
watching the people going to work,
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μΆœκ·Όν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€κ³Ό
09:00
rolling up tortillas in the marketplace,
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μ‹œμž₯μ—μ„œ 또λ₯΄λ μ•Όλ₯Ό 말고 μžˆλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€
09:02
smoking, laughing.
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λ‹΄λ°°λ₯Ό ν”Όμš°κ±°λ‚˜ μ›ƒλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ κ΅¬κ²½ν•˜λ©΄μ„œμš”.
09:05
I remember first feeling slight surprise.
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μ²˜μŒμ—” μ•½κ°„ λ†€λΌμš΄ 기뢄이 λ“€μ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ
09:08
And then, I was overwhelmed with shame.
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곧 λΆ€λ„λŸ¬μ›€μ΄ λͺ°λ €μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:11
I realized that I had been so immersed in the media coverage of Mexicans
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μ „ λ©•μ‹œμ½”μ— κ΄€ν•œ μ–Έλ‘  보도에 μ² μ €ν•˜κ²Œ μ‚¬λ‘œμž‘ν˜€
λ©•μ‹œμ½” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„
09:16
that they had become one thing in my mind,
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ν•œ 가지 μ΄λ―Έμ§€λ‘œλ§Œ κΈ°μ–΅ν–ˆλ˜ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:18
the abject immigrant.
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λΉ„μ²œν•œ μ΄λ―Όμžλ“€λ‘œ 말이죠.
09:20
I had bought into the single story of Mexicans
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λ©•μ‹œμ½”μΈλ“€μ— λŒ€ν•œ λ‹¨νŽΈμ  이야기λ₯Ό λ―Ώμ–΄μ™”λ˜ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:23
and I could not have been more ashamed of myself.
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그리고 제 μžμ‹ μ΄ λ„ˆλ¬΄λ„ λΆ€λ„λŸ¬μ› μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:26
So that is how to create a single story,
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λ°”λ‘œ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ‹¨νŽΈμ  이야기가 λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ§€κ³ 
09:28
show a people as one thing,
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ 단 ν•œκ°€μ§€λ‘œλ§Œ
09:31
as only one thing,
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λ°˜λ³΅ν•΄μ„œ 보여주면
09:33
over and over again,
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κ·Έ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ κ·Έ λ‹¨νŽΈμ  이야기
09:35
and that is what they become.
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κ·Έ μžμ²΄κ°€ λ˜μ–΄λ²„λ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:37
It is impossible to talk about the single story
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이런 λ‹¨νŽΈμ  이야기에 λŒ€ν•΄ λ§ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ
09:40
without talking about power.
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νž˜μ— κ΄€ν•œ 이야기λ₯Ό μ•ˆ ν•  수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:43
There is a word, an Igbo word,
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이보 μ‘± 언어에 μ–΄λ–€ 단어가 μžˆλŠ”λ°,
09:45
that I think about whenever I think about the power structures of the world,
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μ œκ°€ μ„Έμƒμ˜ 힘의 ꡬ쑰λ₯Ό μƒκ°ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ
늘 λ– μ˜¬λ¦¬λŠ” 말인 " 느칼리" μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:49
and it is "nkali."
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09:50
It's a noun that loosely translates to "to be greater than another."
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이 말은 λͺ…μ‚¬λ‘œμ¨ λŒ€μΆ© λ²ˆμ—­ν•˜μžλ©΄
"남듀보닀 더 κ°•ν•˜κ²Œ λ˜λ‹€"λΌλŠ” 의미 μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:55
Like our economic and political worlds,
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우리의 μ •μΉ˜λ° 경제 μ‚¬νšŒλ“€μ²˜λŸΌ
09:58
stories too are defined by the principle of nkali:
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이야기듀도 μ—­μ‹œ
느칼리의 λ²•μΉ™μœΌλ‘œ μ •μ˜λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:03
How they are told, who tells them,
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λˆ„κ°€, μ–Έμ œ, μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 이야기λ₯Ό μ „ν•˜κ³ 
10:05
when they're told, how many stories are told,
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μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 이야기가 μ „ν•΄μ§€λŠ”μ§€
10:08
are really dependent on power.
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사싀 νž˜μ— 달렀 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
10:12
Power is the ability not just to tell the story of another person,
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νž˜μ€ 단지 λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ— λŒ€ν•œ 이야기λ₯Ό ν•˜λŠ” λŠ₯λ ₯이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ,
10:15
but to make it the definitive story of that person.
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κ·Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ„ μ •μ˜λ‚΄λ¦¬λŠ” 이야기λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“œλŠ” λŠ₯λ ₯μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:19
The Palestinian poet Mourid Barghouti writes
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νŒ”λ ˆμŠ€νƒ€μΈ μ‹œμΈ λ¬΄λ¦¬λ“œ λ°”λ₯΄κ΅¬ν‹°λŠ”
10:21
that if you want to dispossess a people,
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ν•œ 민쑱의 κΆŒλ¦¬λ‚˜ μ†Œμœ λ¬Όμ„ λΉΌμ•—λŠ”
10:24
the simplest way to do it is to tell their story
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κ°€μž₯ λ‹¨μˆœν•œ 방법은 κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 이야기λ₯Ό ν•˜λ˜
10:27
and to start with, "secondly."
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"κ·Έ λ‹€μŒμœΌλ‘œ"λΌλŠ” 말둜 이야기λ₯Ό μ‹œμž‘ν•˜λΌκ³  μΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:30
Start the story with the arrows of the Native Americans,
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즉 μ˜κ΅­μΈλ“€μ˜ λ―ΈλŒ€λ₯™ 도착 λŒ€μ‹ ,
10:34
and not with the arrival of the British,
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λ―Έκ΅­ μ›μ£Όλ―Όλ“€μ˜ 화살에 λŒ€ν•œ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λ‘œ
10:37
and you have an entirely different story.
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μ‹œμž‘ν•œλ‹€λ©΄, μ „ν˜€ λ‹€λ₯Έ 이야기가 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:40
Start the story with the failure of the African state,
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이야기λ₯Ό ν’€μ–΄λ‚˜κ°ˆλ•Œ,
아프리카 μ‹λ―Όμ§€μ˜ 탄생이 μ•„λ‹Œ
10:44
and not with the colonial creation of the African state,
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μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ˜ λͺ°λ½μ— λŒ€ν•œ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λ‘œ μ‹œμž‘ν•œλ‹€λ©΄
10:48
and you have an entirely different story.
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μ „ν˜€ λ‹€λ₯Έ 이야기가 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:52
I recently spoke at a university
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μ΅œκ·Όμ— ν•œ λŒ€ν•™μ—μ„œ 연섀을 ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
10:54
where a student told me that it was such a shame
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λ‹Ήμ‹œ ν•œ 학생은 제게 μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ§ν•˜λ”κ΅°μš”
제 μ†Œμ„€μ— λ“±μž₯ν•˜λŠ”
10:57
that Nigerian men were physical abusers
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μ•„λ²„μ§€μ²˜λŸΌ, λ‚˜μ΄μ§€λ¦¬μ•„ λ‚¨μžλ“€μ€ 폭λ ₯κΎΌμ΄λΌμ„œ
11:01
like the father character in my novel.
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참으둜 유감이라고 λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:04
I told him that I had just read a novel called "American Psycho" --
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ €λŠ” μ–Όλ§ˆμ „ μ½μ—ˆλ˜ 책이
"아메리칸 싸이코"μ˜€λ‹€κ³  λ‹΅ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:08
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
11:10
-- and that it was such a shame
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그리고 λ―Έκ΅­ μ Šμ€μ΄λ“€μ΄
11:12
that young Americans were serial murderers.
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연쇄 μ‚΄μΈλ§ˆλΌλŠ” 것은 μ°Έ μŠ¬ν”ˆ 일이라고 λ§μ΄μ˜ˆμš”.
11:15
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
11:19
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
11:25
Now, obviously I said this in a fit of mild irritation.
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말씀 μ•ˆλ“œλ €λ„ μ•„μ‹œκ² μ§€λ§Œ μ•½κ°„ 짜증이 λ‚˜μ„œ ν•œ 말이죠.
11:28
(Laughter)
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μ›ƒμŒ
11:30
But it would never have occurred to me to think
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ–΄μ©Œλ‹€κ°€ 연쇄 살인범이
11:32
that just because I had read a novel in which a character was a serial killer
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주인곡으둜 λ“±μž₯ν•˜λŠ” 책을
μ½μ—ˆλ‹€κ³  ν•΄μ„œ λͺ¨λ“  미ꡭ인이
11:36
that he was somehow representative of all Americans.
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그럴 κ²ƒμ΄λΌλŠ” 생각이 μ§„μ§œλ‘œ λ“  것은
μ ˆλŒ€ μ•„λ‹ˆμ˜ˆμš”.
11:40
This is not because I am a better person than that student,
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μ΄λŠ” λ‚΄κ°€ κ·Έ 학생보닀 λ‚˜μ€ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄λΌμ„œκ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
11:43
but because of America's cultural and economic power,
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미ꡭ의 문화적, 경제적인 힘 λ•Œλ¬Έμ—, μ €λŠ” 이미 미ꡭ에 κ΄€ν•œ
11:46
I had many stories of America.
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λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 이야기λ₯Ό λ“€μ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:48
I had read Tyler and Updike and Steinbeck and Gaitskill.
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νƒ€μΌλŸ¬μ—μ„œ 업닀이크, μŠ€ν…ŒμΈλ°±κ³Ό κ²Œμ΄μΈ ν‚¬μ˜ μž‘ν’ˆκΉŒμ§€ μ½μ–΄μ„œ
11:52
I did not have a single story of America.
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μ €λŠ” 미ꡭ에 κ΄€ν•œ λ‹¨νŽΈμ  편견이 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:55
When I learned, some years ago,
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λͺ‡ λ…„ μ „ λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μž‘κ°€λ“€μ€ λΆˆμš°ν•œ μ–΄λ¦° μ‹œμ ˆμ„
11:57
that writers were expected to have had really unhappy childhoods
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보내닀가 κ²°κ΅­μ—λŠ” μ„±κ³΅ν–ˆλ‹€λŠ” νŽΈκ²¬μ„
12:01
to be successful,
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가지고 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ±Έ μ•Œμ•˜μ„λ•Œ
12:04
I began to think about how I could invent horrible things my parents had done to me.
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λΆ€λͺ¨λ‹˜κ»˜μ„œ λ‚΄κ²Œ μ–΄λ–€ λ”μ°ν•œ 일을
μ €μ§ˆλ €λ‹€κ³  κΎΈλ©°λ‚΄ 볼까 μƒκ°ν•΄λ΄€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:08
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
12:10
But the truth is that I had a very happy childhood,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 사싀 μ „ 맀우 ν–‰λ³΅ν•œ μ–΄λ¦°μ‹œμ ˆμ„ μ§€λƒˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
12:14
full of laughter and love, in a very close-knit family.
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μ‚¬λž‘κ³Ό μ›ƒμŒμœΌλ‘œ κ°€λ“ν•œ, ν™”λͺ©ν•œ κ°€μ •μ΄μ—ˆμ£ 
12:17
But I also had grandfathers who died in refugee camps.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ ν• μ•„λ²„μ§€λŠ” λ‚œλ―Ό μΊ ν”„μ—μ„œ μ£½μŒμ„ λ§žμ΄ν•˜μ…¨κ³ 
12:20
My cousin Polle died because he could not get adequate healthcare.
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μ‚¬μ΄Œ ν΄λ¦¬λŠ” μ œλŒ€λ‘œ 된 치료λ₯Ό 받지 λͺ»ν•΄ μ£½μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:25
One of my closest friends, Okoloma, died in a plane crash
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μ˜€μ½œλ‘œλ§ˆλΌλŠ” 제 μ ˆμΉœμ€ λΉ„ν–‰κΈ° 좔락 사고가 λ‚¬μ„λ•Œ
12:28
because our fire trucks did not have water.
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μ†Œλ°©μ°¨μ— 물이 μ—†μ–΄μ„œ λΆˆμ„ 진압을 λͺ»ν•΄ μ£½μ—ˆμ£ .
12:31
I grew up under repressive military governments
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μ €λŠ” 맀우 얡압적인 ꡰ사 μ •κΆŒ ν•˜μ— μžλžμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:34
that devalued education,
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그듀은 ꡐ윑의 κ°€μΉ˜λ₯Ό λ¬΄μ‹œν–ˆκ³ 
12:36
so that sometimes, my parents were not paid their salaries.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λΆ€λͺ¨λ‹˜μ€ 가끔씩 월급을 받지 λͺ»ν•˜κΈ°λ„ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:39
And so, as a child, I saw jam disappear from the breakfast table,
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그리고 μ–΄λ¦° μ‹œμ ˆ μ•„μΉ¨μ‹νƒμ—μ„œ 잼이 사라지고, κ·Έ λ‹€μŒμ—” λ§ˆκ°€λ¦°μ΄
12:43
then margarine disappeared,
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μ—†μ–΄μ‘ŒμœΌλ©°, λ‹€μŒμ—” 빡이 λ„ˆλ¬΄
12:45
then bread became too expensive,
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λΉ„μ‹Έμ‘ŒμœΌλ©°, κ·Έ λ‹€μŒ μš°μœ κ°€ λ°°κΈ‰μ˜
12:48
then milk became rationed.
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ν˜•νƒœλ‘œ λ°”λ€ŒλŠ” 것을 λ΄€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:51
And most of all, a kind of normalized political fear
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그리고 무엇보닀도, 일상화 된 μ •μΉ˜μ  곡포가 우리의
12:54
invaded our lives.
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삢을 μΉ¨λ²”ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:57
All of these stories make me who I am.
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λͺ¨λ“  이 이야기듀이 였늘의 λ‚˜λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“­λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:00
But to insist on only these negative stories
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이런 비관적인 μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λ§Œ κ°•μ‘°ν•˜λŠ” 것은
13:04
is to flatten my experience
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λ‚˜μ˜ κ²½ν—˜μ„ κΉŽμ•„ 내리고
13:07
and to overlook the many other stories that formed me.
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μ €λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“  λ§Žμ€ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 이야기듀을
κ°„κ³Όν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμΌν…Œμ£ .
13:11
The single story creates stereotypes,
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λ‹¨νŽΈμ  μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λŠ” 고정관념을 λ§Œλ“­λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:14
and the problem with stereotypes is not that they are untrue,
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그리고 κ³ μ •κ΄€λ…μ˜ λ¬Έμ œλŠ”
그것이 κ±°μ§“μ΄λΌμ„œκ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
13:19
but that they are incomplete.
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λΆˆμ™„μ „ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” 데 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:21
They make one story become the only story.
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고정관념은 ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ 이야기λ₯Ό μœ μΌν•œ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λ‘œ λ§Œλ“­λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:25
Of course, Africa is a continent full of catastrophes:
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λ¬Όλ‘  μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄λŠ” μž¬λ‚œμ΄ λŠμ΄μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” λ•…μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:27
There are immense ones, such as the horrific rapes in Congo
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μ½©κ³ μ—μ„œ λ°œμƒν•œ λ”μ°ν•œ 강간같은 μ—„μ²­λ‚œ 사건도 있고,
13:31
and depressing ones,
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그리고 λ‚˜μ΄μ§€λ¦¬μ•„μ—μ„œλŠ” 직원 ν•œλͺ…을 λ½‘λŠ”λ°
13:32
such as the fact that 5,000 people apply for one job vacancy in Nigeria.
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5000λͺ…이 μ§€μ›ν•œλ‹€λŠ” μš°μšΈν•œ μ†Œμ‹λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:38
But there are other stories that are not about catastrophe,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μž¬λ‚œ 외에도 λ‹€λ₯Έ 이야기듀도 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
13:41
and it is very important, it is just as important, to talk about them.
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그런 이야기듀을 λ“€λ €μ£ΌλŠ” 것도 맀우 μ€‘μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:45
I've always felt that it is impossible
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μ–΄λ–€ μž₯μ†Œλ‚˜ μ‚¬λžŒμ— λŒ€ν•œ
13:47
to engage properly with a place or a person
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λͺ¨λ“  이야기λ₯Ό μ•Œμ§€ μ•Šκ³ μ„œ, κ·Έ κ³³μ΄λ‚˜ κ·Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ„
13:50
without engaging with all of the stories of that place and that person.
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μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λŠ” 것은 λΆˆκ°€λŠ₯ν•˜λ‹€κ³  μ €λŠ” 항상 λŠκ»΄μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:54
The consequence of the single story is this:
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λ‹¨νŽΈμ  μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°μ˜ κ²°κ³ΌλŠ” λ°”λ‘œ, μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜
13:57
It robs people of dignity.
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쑴엄성을 μ•—μ•„ κ°„λ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:00
It makes our recognition of our equal humanity difficult.
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우리 λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ λ˜‘κ°™μ€ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄λΌλŠ” 생각을 μ–΄λ ΅κ²Œ λ§Œλ“­λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:04
It emphasizes how we are different rather than how we are similar.
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ„œλ‘œ λΉ„μŠ·ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒλ³΄λ‹€λŠ”
μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ‹€λ₯΄λ‹€λŠ” 점을 κ°•μ‘°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:09
So what if before my Mexican trip,
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λ§Œμ•½ μ œκ°€ λ©•μ‹œμ½”μ— κ°€κΈ° μ „, 이민 λ¬Έμ œμ—
14:11
I had followed the immigration debate from both sides,
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λŒ€ν•œ ν† λ‘ μ—μ„œ λ―Έκ΅­κ³Ό λ©•μ‹œμ½” μ–‘κ΅­ μ‚¬μ΄μ˜ 이야기λ₯Ό
14:15
the U.S. and the Mexican?
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λͺ¨λ‘ μ•Œκ³  μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€λ©΄ μ–΄λ• μ„κΉŒμš”?
14:17
What if my mother had told us that Fide's family was poor
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μ–΄λ¨Έλ‹ˆκ°€ 피데넀 가쑱은 κ°€λ‚œν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ—΄μ‹¬νžˆ μΌν•œλ‹€κ³  μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²Œ
14:21
and hardworking?
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이야기 ν–ˆλ‹€λ©΄μš”?
14:23
What if we had an African television network
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λ‚˜μ΄μ§€λ¦¬μ•„ μž‘κ°€μΈ μΉ˜λˆ„μ•„ 아체베가 λ§ν–ˆλ˜
14:25
that broadcast diverse African stories all over the world?
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"μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°μ˜ κ· ν˜•"을 μœ„ν•΄ μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ˜ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 이야기듀을
14:29
What the Nigerian writer Chinua Achebe calls "a balance of stories."
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μ „ 세계에 λ°©μ†‘ν•˜λŠ” 아프리카 방솑ꡭ이
μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€λ©΄ μ–΄λ• μ„κΉŒμš”?
14:33
What if my roommate knew about my Nigerian publisher,
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λ§Œμ•½ λ‚΄ λ£Έλ©”μ΄νŠΈκ°€ 제 책을 μΆœκ°„ν•œ λ‚˜μ΄μ§€λ¦¬μ•„ 좜판인이며,
14:37
Muhtar Bakare,
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μžμ‹ μ˜ κΏˆμ„ μ«“μ•„
14:39
a remarkable man who left his job in a bank
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은행일을 κ·Έλ§Œλ‘κ³  μΆœνŒμ‚¬λ₯Ό μ‹œμž‘ν•œ
14:41
to follow his dream and start a publishing house?
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묡타 λ°”μΉ΄λ ˆμ΄λΌλŠ” λ›°μ–΄λ‚œ 인물을 μ•Œμ•˜λ‹€λ©΄μš”?
14:44
Now, the conventional wisdom was that Nigerians don't read literature.
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λ‚˜μ΄μ§€λ¦¬μ•„ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 책을 μ½μ§€μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€λŠ” 톡념이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:47
He disagreed.
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κ·ΈλŠ” 이 말에 λ™μ˜ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:49
He felt that people who could read, would read,
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ 합리적인 κ°€κ²©μœΌλ‘œ μ†μ‰½κ²Œ 책을
14:52
if you made literature affordable and available to them.
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μ œκ³΅ν•œλ‹€λ©΄ 읽을 수 μžˆλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 읽을 것이라 λ―Ώμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:56
Shortly after he published my first novel,
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κ·Έκ°€ 제 첫 μ†Œμ„€μ„ μΆœκ°„ν•œ 직후
14:59
I went to a TV station in Lagos to do an interview,
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μ €λŠ” 인터뷰λ₯Ό ν•˜λŸ¬ 라고슀의 ν•œ TV 방솑ꡭ에 κ°”μ£ .
15:02
and a woman who worked there as a messenger came up to me and said,
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작무λ₯Ό 보던 ν•œ 여성이 제게 λ‹€κ°€μ™€μ„œ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:05
"I really liked your novel. I didn't like the ending.
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"μ†Œμ„€ 정말 재미있게 λ΄€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€λ§Œ 결말은 λ³„λ‘œμ˜€μ–΄μš”
15:08
Now, you must write a sequel, and this is what will happen ..."
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"이제 μ†νŽΈμ„ μ“°μ…”μ•Όμ£ . 그리고 λ‹€μŒ λ‚΄μš©μ—λŠ” μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ μ“°μ„Έμš”..."
15:11
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
15:14
And she went on to tell me what to write in the sequel.
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κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ λŠ” μ†νŽΈμ— 무엇을 μ“Έ 것인지 계속 이야기λ₯Ό ν•΄ λ‚˜κ°”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:17
I was not only charmed, I was very moved.
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μ €λŠ” κΈ°μ˜κ³ λ„, ꡉμž₯히 감동을 λ°›μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:20
Here was a woman, part of the ordinary masses of Nigerians,
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글을 읽지 μ•Šμ•„μ•Ό ν•  ν‰λ²”ν•œ λ‚˜μ΄μ§€λ¦¬μ•„ λŒ€μ€‘μ˜ ν•œ λͺ…인
15:23
who were not supposed to be readers.
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이 여인이 제 μ•žμ— μ„œ μžˆμ—ˆλ˜ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:26
She had not only read the book,
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 책을 μ½μ—ˆμ„ 뿐 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ μ±… λ‚΄μš©μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ£ΌμΈμ˜μ‹μ΄ κ°•ν•΄μ„œ
15:27
but she had taken ownership of it
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제게 λ‹Ήμ—°ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” λ“― μ†νŽΈμ— μ“Έ
15:29
and felt justified in telling me what to write in the sequel.
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λ‚΄μš©μ— λŒ€ν•΄ 이야기 ν•΄ μ£Όμ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
15:33
Now, what if my roommate knew about my friend Funmi Iyanda,
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λ§Œμ•½ λ‚΄ λ£Έλ©”μ΄νŠΈκ°€ 제 친ꡬ ν‘Έλ―Έ μ˜¨λ‹€λ₯Ό μ•Œμ•˜λ‹€λ©΄ μ–΄λ• μ„κΉŒμš”?
15:37
a fearless woman who hosts a TV show in Lagos,
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λΌκ³ μŠ€μ—μ„œ TVμ‡Όλ₯Ό μ§„ν–‰ν•˜λ©° λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ 잊고 μ‹Άμ–΄ν•˜λŠ”
15:40
and is determined to tell the stories that we prefer to forget?
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이야기λ₯Ό μ „ν•˜λŠ” κ·Έ μš©κ°λ¬΄μŒν•œ 여성을 μ•Œμ•˜λ‹€λ©΄μš”?
15:43
What if my roommate knew about the heart procedure
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λ§Œμ•½ λ‚΄ λ£Έλ©”μ΄νŠΈκ°€ μ§€λ‚œμ£Όμ— 라고슀 λ³‘μ›μ—μ„œ μ§„ν–‰λœ
15:47
that was performed in the Lagos hospital last week?
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심μž₯μˆ˜μˆ μ— κ΄€ν•΄ μ•Œμ•˜λ‹€λ©΄ μ–΄λ• μ„κΉŒμš”?
15:50
What if my roommate knew about contemporary Nigerian music,
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λ§Œμ•½ λ‚΄ λ£Έλ©”μ΄νŠΈκ°€ μ΅œμ‹  λ‚˜μ΄μ§€λ¦¬μ•ˆ μŒμ•…μ„ μ•Œμ•˜λ‹€λ©΄μš”?
15:54
talented people singing in English and Pidgin,
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μ˜μ–΄, 피진어, 이보어, μš”λ£¨λ°”μ–΄, μ΄μ‘°μ–΄λ‘œ,
15:57
and Igbo and Yoruba and Ijo,
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μ œμ΄μ§€λΆ€ν„° 펠라, λ°₯ λ§λ¦¬λ‘œλΆ€ν„°
15:59
mixing influences from Jay-Z to Fela
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μ„ μ‘°λ“€μ˜ μŒμ•…κΉŒμ§€ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μŒμ•…μ  영ν–₯을 λ°›μ•„
16:03
to Bob Marley to their grandfathers.
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λ…Έλž˜ν•˜λŠ” 재λŠ₯μžˆλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ μ•Œμ•˜λ‹€λ©΄μš”?
16:06
What if my roommate knew about the female lawyer
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λ§Œμ•½ λ‚΄ λ£Έλ©”μ΄νŠΈκ°€ μ΅œκ·Όμ— λ‚˜μ΄μ§€λ¦¬μ•„μ˜ 법정에 μ„ 
16:08
who recently went to court in Nigeria to challenge a ridiculous law
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ν•œ μ—¬μ„± λ³€ν˜Έμ‚¬λ₯Ό μ•Œμ•˜λ‹€λ©΄μš”?
여성듀이 μ—¬κΆŒμ„ μž¬λ°œκΈ‰ λ°›μœΌλ €λ©΄
16:12
that required women to get their husband's consent
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λ‚¨νŽΈμ˜ λ™μ˜κ°€ ν•„μš”ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” 말도 μ•ˆλ˜λŠ” 법을 κ°œμ •μ„
16:15
before renewing their passports?
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μš”κ΅¬ν•œ κ·Έλ…€λ₯Ό μ•Œμ•˜λ‹€λ©΄μš”?
16:18
What if my roommate knew about Nollywood,
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λ§Œμ•½ λ‚΄ λ£Έλ©”μ΄νŠΈκ°€ 기술적인 어렀움에도 λΆˆκ΅¬ν•˜κ³ 
16:21
full of innovative people making films despite great technical odds,
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κΈ°λ°œν•œ μ‚¬κ³ λ‘œ μ˜ν™”λ₯Ό μ œμž‘ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ κ°€λ“ν•œ λ†€λ¦¬μš°λ“œλ₯Ό μ•Œμ•˜λ‹€λ©΄μš”?
16:25
films so popular
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μ˜ν™”λŠ” λ„ˆλ¬΄ 인기 λ†’μ•„,
16:27
that they really are the best example of Nigerians consuming what they produce?
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λ‚˜μ΄μ§€λ¦¬μ•„μΈλ“€μ˜ 자ꡭ 생산물 μ†ŒλΉ„μ˜
κ°€μž₯ λŒ€ν‘œμ μΈ μ˜ˆκ°€ 되고 μžˆλ‹΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:32
What if my roommate knew about my wonderfully ambitious hair braider,
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λ§Œμ•½ λ‚΄ λ£Έλ©”μ΄νŠΈκ°€ 졜근 λΆ™μž„λ¨Έλ¦¬ 사업을 μ‹œμž‘ν•œ
16:35
who has just started her own business selling hair extensions?
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제 λ―Έμš©μ‚¬μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ•Œμ•˜λ‹€λ©΄μš”?
16:39
Or about the millions of other Nigerians who start businesses and sometimes fail,
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ν˜Ήμ€ 사업을 μ‹œμž‘ν•˜κ³  가끔 μ‹€νŒ¨λ„ ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ
열정을 계속 ν‚€μ›Œλ‚˜κ°€λŠ” 수백만의 λ‹€λ₯Έ
16:43
but continue to nurse ambition?
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λ‚˜μ΄μ§€λ¦¬μ•„ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ μ•Œμ•˜λ‹€λ©΄μš”?
16:47
Every time I am home I am confronted
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맀번 κ·€κ΅­ ν•  λ•Œλ§ˆλ‹€ λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ λ‚˜μ΄μ§€λ¦¬μ•„ 인듀을
16:49
with the usual sources of irritation for most Nigerians:
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늘 ν™”λ‚˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“œλŠ” κ·Έ λ¬Έμ œλ“€μ„ μ§λ©΄ν•˜κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:52
our failed infrastructure, our failed government,
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ν˜•νŽΈμ—†λŠ” 인프라와 μ •λΆ€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:55
but also by the incredible resilience
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ν—ˆλ‚˜ λ™μ‹œμ— μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ 강인함을 보게 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:57
of people who thrive despite the government,
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ν˜•νŽΈμ—†λŠ” μ •λΆ€ λ°‘μ—μ„œλ„
17:01
rather than because of it.
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ꡳ건히 μ‚΄μ•„κ°€λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄μ£ .
17:03
I teach writing workshops in Lagos every summer,
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μ—¬λ¦„λ§ˆλ‹€ λΌκ³ μŠ€μ—μ„œ κΈ€μ“°κΈ° μ›Œν¬μƒ΅μ„ μ§„ν–‰ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:06
and it is amazing to me how many people apply,
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그리고 μ§€μ›μž 수λ₯Ό 보면 정말 λ†€λžμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:09
how many people are eager to write,
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정말 λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 이야기λ₯Ό μ“°κ³ 
17:12
to tell stories.
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μ‹Άμ–΄ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:14
My Nigerian publisher and I have just started a non-profit
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μ €μ˜ 좜판인인 묡타 λ°”μΉ΄λ ˆμ΄μ™€ μ €λŠ” νŒŒλΌν”Όλ‚˜λΌλŠ” λΉ„μ˜λ¦¬
17:17
called Farafina Trust,
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μž¬λ‹¨μ„ μ„€λ¦½ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:19
and we have big dreams of building libraries
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우리의 μ»€λ‹€λž€ κΏˆμ€ λ„μ„œκ΄€μ„ 짓고
17:22
and refurbishing libraries that already exist
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그리고 ν˜„μ‘΄ν•˜λŠ” λ„μ„œκ΄€μ„ μˆ˜λ¦¬ν•˜κ³ 
17:24
and providing books for state schools
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λ„μ„œκ΄€μ΄ ν……λΉˆ 곡립학ꡐ에 책을 κΈ°μ¦ν•˜κ³ 
17:27
that don't have anything in their libraries,
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수 없이 λ§Žμ€ μ›Œν¬μƒ΅μ„ μ—΄μ–΄μ„œ
17:29
and also of organizing lots and lots of workshops,
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우리의 λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 이야기λ₯Ό μ „ν•˜κ³ μž κ°ˆλ§ν•˜λŠ”
17:31
in reading and writing,
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λͺ¨λ“  μ΄λ“€μ—κ²Œ
17:33
for all the people who are eager to tell our many stories.
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읽기와 μ“°κΈ°λ₯Ό κ°€λ₯΄μ³μ£ΌλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:36
Stories matter.
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μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λŠ” μ€‘μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:38
Many stories matter.
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λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λŠ” μ€‘μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:40
Stories have been used to dispossess and to malign,
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μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ μ°©μ·¨ν•˜κ³  ν•΄μΉ˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μ‚¬μš©λ  수 μžˆμ§€λ§Œ
17:44
but stories can also be used to empower and to humanize.
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λ™μ‹œμ— μ‚¬λžŒμ„ λ”μš± μ‚¬λžŒλ‹΅κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€κ³  νž˜μ„ 쀄 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:48
Stories can break the dignity of a people,
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μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ 쑴엄성을 λΆ€μˆ  μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμ§€λ§Œ
17:51
but stories can also repair that broken dignity.
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λ™μ‹œμ— μƒμ²˜μž…μ€ 쑴엄성을 μΉ˜λ£Œν•  μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
17:56
The American writer Alice Walker wrote this
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미ꡭ의 μž‘κ°€ μ—˜λ¦¬μŠ€ μ›Œμ»€λŠ”
17:58
about her Southern relatives who had moved to the North.
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λ‚¨λΆ€μ—μ„œ μ‚΄λ‹€κ°€ λΆλΆ€λ‘œ 이사간
가쑱듀에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ μΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:02
She introduced them to a book about
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 그듀이 λ– λ‚˜λ²„λ¦° λ‚¨λΆ€μ˜ 삢에 λŒ€ν•œ
18:04
the Southern life that they had left behind.
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μ±… ν•œ κΆŒμ„ κ°€μ Έμ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:07
"They sat around, reading the book themselves,
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"그듀은 λ‘˜λŸ¬ 앉아 책을 μ½κ±°λ‚˜
18:11
listening to me read the book, and a kind of paradise was regained."
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λ‚΄κ°€ 책을 읽어 μ£ΌλŠ” 것을 듣노라면 μ²œκ΅­μ„ λ˜μ°Ύμ€λ“― ν–ˆλ‹€."
18:17
I would like to end with this thought:
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λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ 이 말을 μ „ν•˜λ©° 마칠까 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:20
That when we reject the single story,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ‹¨νŽΈμ  이야기λ₯Ό κ±°λΆ€ν•˜κ³ 
18:23
when we realize that there is never a single story
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세상 κ·Έ μ–΄λ–€ 곳도 λ‹¨νŽΈμ  μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λ§Œ μ‘΄μž¬ν•  수 μ—†λ‹€λŠ”
18:26
about any place,
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것을 μ•Œκ²Œλœλ‹€λ©΄
18:28
we regain a kind of paradise.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ²œκ΅­μ„ λ˜μ°Ύμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:30
Thank you.
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
18:32
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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