Aditi Shankardass: A second opinion on learning disorders

62,508 views ใƒป 2010-06-24

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Amit Lampit ืžื‘ืงืจ: Shlomo Adam
00:16
When I was 10 years old,
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ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืช 10 ืฉื ื™ื,
00:19
a cousin of mine took me on a tour of his medical school.
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ื‘ืŸ-ื“ื•ื“ื™ ืœืงื— ืื•ืชื™ ืœืกื™ื•ืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช-ื”ืกืคืจ ืœืจืคื•ืื” ืฉืœื•.
00:22
And as a special treat,
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ื•ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืคื™ื ื•ืง ืžื™ื•ื—ื“
00:24
he took me to the pathology lab
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ื”ื•ื ืœืงื— ืื•ืชื™ ืœืžืขื‘ื“ืช ื”ืคืชื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”
00:26
and took a real human brain
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ื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืžื•ื— ืื ื•ืฉื™ ืืžื™ืชื™
00:28
out of the jar
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ืžืชื•ืš ืฆื ืฆื ืช
00:30
and placed it in my hands.
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ื•ื”ื ื™ื— ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™.
00:32
And there it was,
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ื•ื›ืš,
00:34
the seat of human consciousness,
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ืžืฉื›ืŸ ื”ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช,
00:36
the powerhouse of the human body,
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ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืขืฆื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™,
00:38
sitting in my hands.
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ื ื— ืœื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™.
00:40
And that day I knew that when I grew up,
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ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืฉื›ืฉืื’ื“ืœ,
00:42
I was going to become a brain doctor,
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ืื”ื™ื” ืจื•ืคืืช ืžื•ื—,
00:44
scientist, something or the other.
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ืžื“ืขื ื™ืช, ืžืฉื”ื• ื›ื–ื”.
00:47
Years later, when I finally grew up,
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ืฉื ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ, ื›ืืฉืจ ืกื•ืฃ-ืกื•ืฃ ื’ื“ืœืชื™,
00:50
my dream came true.
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ื—ืœื•ืžื™ ื”ืชื’ืฉื.
00:52
And it was while I was doing my Ph.D.
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ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ื“ื•ืงื˜ื•ืจื˜
00:54
on the neurological causes
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ืขืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ื ื™ื•ืจื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ื
00:56
of dyslexia in children
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ืœื“ื™ืกืœืงืฆื™ื” ื‘ื™ืœื“ื™ื
00:58
that I encountered a startling fact
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ื ืชืงืœืชื™ ื‘ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืžื‘ื”ื™ืœื”
01:00
that I'd like to share with you all today.
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ืื•ืชื” ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื—ืœื•ืง ืืชื›ื ื”ื™ื•ื.
01:04
It is estimated that one in six children,
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ื”ื”ืขืจื›ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉืื—ื“ ืžื›ืœ ืฉืฉื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื,
01:06
that's one in six children,
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ืื—ื“ ืžืฉืฉื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื,
01:09
suffer from some developmental disorder.
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ืกื•ื‘ืœ ืžื”ืคืจืขื” ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืชื™ืช ื›ืœืฉื”ื™.
01:13
This is a disorder that
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ืคืจืขื”
01:15
retards mental development in the child
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ืฉืžืขื›ื‘ืช ืืช ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืชื• ื”ืฉื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืœื“
01:17
and causes permanent mental impairments.
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ื•ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœืœืงื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื›ืœื™ื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื.
01:21
Which means that each and every one of you here today
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ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ืช ืžื›ื ื”ื™ื•ื
01:24
knows at least one child that is suffering
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ืžื›ื™ืจ ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื™ืœื“ ืื—ื“ ืฉืกื•ื‘ืœ
01:27
from a developmental disorder.
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ืžื”ืคืจืขื” ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืชื™ืช.
01:30
But here's what really perplexed me.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื” ืžื” ืฉื‘ื™ืœื‘ืœ ืื•ืชื™ ื‘ืืžืช.
01:32
Despite the fact that each
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื›ืœ
01:34
and every one of these disorders
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ืื—ืช ืžื”ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ื”ืืœื”
01:36
originates in the brain,
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ืžืงื•ืจื” ื‘ืžื•ื—,
01:39
most of these disorders
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ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ื”ืืœื”
01:41
are diagnosed solely on the basis
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ืžืื•ื‘ื—ื ื•ืช ืืš ื•ืจืง ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก
01:43
of observable behavior.
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ืชืฆืคื™ืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื™ืช.
01:46
But diagnosing a brain disorder
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ืื‘ืœ ืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืคืจืขื” ืžื•ื—ื™ืช
01:48
without actually looking at the brain
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ื‘ืœื™ ืžืžืฉ ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ื—
01:51
is analogous to treating a patient with a heart problem
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ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื—ื•ืœื” ืœื‘
01:54
based on their physical symptoms,
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ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ืกื™ืžืคื˜ื•ืžื™ื ื’ื•ืคื ื™ื™ื,
01:56
without even doing an ECG or a chest X-ray
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ื‘ืœื™ ืœื‘ืฆืข ืืง"ื’ ืื• ืฆื™ืœื•ื ื—ื–ื”
01:59
to look at the heart.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืœื‘.
02:01
It seemed so intuitive to me.
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ื–ื” ื ืจืื” ืœื™ ื›ื” ื”ื’ื™ื•ื ื™.
02:04
To diagnose and treat a brain disorder accurately,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืื‘ื—ืŸ ื•ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื”ืคืจืขื” ืžื•ื—ื™ืช ื‘ืžื“ื•ื™ืง,
02:07
it would be necessary to look at the brain directly.
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ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ื™ืฉืจ ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ื—.
02:10
Looking at behavior alone
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ื”ืกืชื›ืœื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“
02:12
can miss a vital piece of the puzzle
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ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ื—ืžื™ืฅ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื•ืชื™ ืžื”ืคื–ืœ
02:15
and provide an incomplete, or even a misleading,
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ื•ืœื”ื—ืกื™ืจ ืื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื”ื˜ืขื•ืช
02:18
picture of the child's problems.
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ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœืชืžื•ื ืช ื”ืงืฉื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืœื“.
02:21
Yet, despite all the advances in medical technology,
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ืช,
02:24
the diagnosis of brain disorders
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ื”ืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ืžื•ื—
02:26
in one in six children
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ื‘ืื—ื“ ืžืฉืฉื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื
02:28
still remained so limited.
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ื ื•ืชืจ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœ ืžืื•ื“.
02:32
And then I came across a team at Harvard University
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ื•ืื– ื ืชืงืœืชื™ ื‘ืฆื•ื•ืช ืžืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื”ืจื•ื•ืืจื“
02:35
that had taken one such advanced medical technology
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ืฉืœืงื— ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืžืชืงื“ืžืช ืื—ืช ื›ื–ื•
02:38
and finally applied it,
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ื•ื™ื™ืฉื ืื•ืชื”,
02:40
instead of in brain research,
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื—ืงืจ ื”ืžื•ื—,
02:42
towards diagnosing brain disorders in children.
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ื‘ืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ืžื•ื— ื‘ื™ืœื“ื™ื.
02:46
Their groundbreaking technology
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ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืคื•ืจืฆืช-ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉืœื”ื
02:48
records the EEG, or the electrical activity
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ืจื•ืฉืžืช ืืช ื’ืœื™ ื”ืžื•ื— ืื• ืืช ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื—ืฉืžืœื™ืช
02:51
of the brain, in real time,
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ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ื— ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืืžืช,
02:54
allowing us to watch the brain
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ืžื” ืฉืžืืคืฉืจ ืœื ื• ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ื—
02:56
as it performs various functions
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ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ืฆืข ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช
02:59
and then detect even the slightest abnormality
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ื•ืื– ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืืคื™ืœื• ืืช ื”ืกื˜ื™ื” ื”ืงื˜ื ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
03:01
in any of these functions:
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืื—ืช ืžื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•,
03:03
vision, attention, language, audition.
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ืจืื™ื”, ืงืฉื‘, ืฉืคื”, ืฉืžืข.
03:06
A program called Brain Electrical
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ืชื•ื›ื ื” ื‘ืฉื "ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช
03:08
Activity Mapping
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ืžื•ื— ื—ืฉืžืœื™ืช"
03:10
then triangulates the source
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ืžื•ื“ื“ืช ื•ืžืžืคื” ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ืจ
03:12
of that abnormality in the brain.
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ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืจื™ื’ื” ื‘ืžื•ื—.
03:14
And another program called
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ืชื•ื›ื ื” ืื—ืจืช ื‘ืฉื
03:16
Statistical Probability Mapping
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"ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ื”ืกืชื‘ืจื•ืช ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืช"
03:18
then performs mathematical calculations
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ืžื‘ืฆืขืช ืืช ื”ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ืžืชืžื˜ื™ื™ื
03:21
to determine whether any of these abnormalities
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืื ืœื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•
03:23
are clinically significant,
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ื™ืฉ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืงืœื™ื ื™ืช,
03:25
allowing us to provide a much more accurate
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ืžื” ืฉืžืืคืฉืจ ืœื ื• ืœื“ื™ื™ืง ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ
03:27
neurological diagnosis
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ื‘ืžืชืŸ ืื‘ื—ื ื•ืช ื ื™ื•ืจื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช
03:29
of the child's symptoms.
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ืœืกื™ืžืคื˜ื•ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืœื“.
03:31
And so I became the head of neurophysiology
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ื•ื›ืš ื”ืชืžื ื™ืชื™ ืœืจืืฉ ืžื—ืœืงืช ื”ื ื•ื™ืจื•ืคื™ื–ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”
03:34
for the clinical arm of this team,
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ื‘ื–ืจื•ืข ื”ืงืœื™ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ื–ื”.
03:36
and we're finally able to use this technology
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ื–ื•
03:38
towards actually helping
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ
03:40
children with brain disorders.
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ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ืขื ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ืžื•ื—.
03:42
And I'm happy to say that I'm now in the process
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ืื ื™ ืฉืžื—ื” ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืื ื™ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™
03:44
of setting up this technology here in India.
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ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ื–ื• ื›ืืŸ ืœื”ื•ื“ื•.
03:48
I'd like to tell you about one such child,
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืกืคืจ ืœื›ื ืขืœ ื™ืœื“ ืื—ื“ ื›ื–ื”,
03:51
whose story was also covered by ABC News.
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ืฉืกื™ืคื•ืจื• ืกื•ืงืจ ื’ื ืข"ื™ ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืจืฉืช "ืื™ื™-ื‘ื™-ืกื™".
03:55
Seven-year-old Justin Senigar
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ื’'ืกื˜ื™ืŸ ืกื ื™ื’ืจ ื‘ืŸ ื”ืฉื‘ืข
03:57
came to our clinic with this diagnosis
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ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžืจืคืื” ืฉืœื ื• ืขื ืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ
03:59
of very severe autism.
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ืฉืœ ืื•ื˜ื™ื–ื ื—ืžื•ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
04:01
Like many autistic children,
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ื›ืžื• ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืื•ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื
04:03
his mind was locked inside his body.
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ืจื•ื—ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ื ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ื’ื•ืคื•.
04:06
There were moments when he would
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ื”ื™ื• ืจื’ืขื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื”
04:08
actually space out for seconds at a time.
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ืžืชื ืชืง ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ืœืžืฉืš ืฉื ื™ื•ืช ืžืกืคืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื.
04:11
And the doctors told his parents
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ื”ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืืžืจื• ืœื”ื•ืจื™ื•
04:13
he was never going to be able
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ืฉื”ื•ื ืืฃ ืคืขื ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœ
04:15
to communicate or interact socially,
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ืœืชืงืฉืจ ืื• ืœืชืคืงื“ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช,
04:17
and he would probably never have too much language.
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ื•ื›ื ืจืื” ื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขืœ ืฉืคื” ื“ืœื” ืžืื•ื“.
04:21
When we used this groundbreaking EEG technology
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ื›ืฉื”ืฉืชืžืฉื ื• ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื’ืœื™ ื”ืžื•ื— ืคื•ืจืฆืช ื”ื“ืจืš
04:24
to actually look at Justin's brain,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ืžื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ื’'ืกื˜ื™ืŸ,
04:27
the results were startling.
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ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ืžื”ืžืžื•ืช.
04:30
It turned out that Justin was almost
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ื”ืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื’'ืกื˜ื™ืŸ ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื ืจืื”
04:32
certainly not autistic.
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ืื™ื ื ื• ืื•ื˜ื™ืกื˜.
04:34
He was suffering from brain seizures
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ื”ื•ื ืกื‘ืœ ืžื”ืชืงืคื™ ืืคื™ืœืคืกื™ื”
04:37
that were impossible to see with the naked eye,
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ื‘ื”ื ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืŸ ื‘ืœืชื™-ืžื–ื•ื™ื ืช,
04:40
but that were actually causing symptoms
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื’ืจืžื• ืœืกื™ืžืคื˜ื•ืžื™ื
04:42
that mimicked those of autism.
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ื”ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ืื•ื˜ื™ื–ื.
04:45
After Justin was given anti-seizure medication,
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ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื’'ืกื˜ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืชืจื•ืคื” ืื ื˜ื™-ืืคื™ืœืคื˜ื™ืช,
04:48
the change in him was amazing.
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ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉื—ืœ ื‘ื• ื”ื™ื” ืžื“ื”ื™ื.
04:51
Within a period of 60 days,
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ื‘ืชื•ืš 60 ื™ื•ื,
04:53
his vocabulary went from two to three words
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ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉืœื• ืฆืžื— ืžืฉืชื™ื™ื ืื• ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืžื™ืœื™ื
04:56
to 300 words.
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ืœ-300 ืžื™ืœื™ื.
04:58
And his communication and social interaction
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ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืชื™ื• ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช
05:00
were improved so dramatically
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ื›ื” ื”ืฉืชืคืจื•,
05:02
that he was enrolled into a regular school
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ืฉื”ื•ื ื ืจืฉื ืœื‘ื™ืช-ืกืคืจ ืจื’ื™ืœ
05:05
and even became a karate super champ.
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ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื ื”ื™ื” ืืœื•ืฃ ืงืจื˜ื”.
05:09
Research shows that 50 percent of children,
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ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืžืจืื™ื ืฉ-50 ืื—ื•ื– ืžื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื,
05:11
almost 50 percent of children
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ื›ืžืขื˜ 50 ืื—ื•ื– ืžื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื
05:13
diagnosed with autism
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ืฉืžืื•ื‘ื—ื ื™ื ื›ืื•ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ื
05:15
are actually suffering from hidden brain seizures.
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ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ืžืืคื™ืœืคืกื™ื” ื—ื‘ื•ื™ื”.
05:20
These are the faces of the children
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ืืœื• ืคื ื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื
05:22
that I have tested
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ืฉืื ื™ ื‘ื—ื ืชื™
05:24
with stories just like Justin.
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ืขื ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœื’'ืกื˜ื™ืŸ.
05:27
All these children
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ื›ืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ืืœื”
05:29
came to our clinic with a diagnosis
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ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœืžืจืคืื” ืฉืœื ื• ืขื ืื‘ื—ื ื•ืช
05:31
of autism, attention deficit disorder,
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ืฉืœ ืื•ื˜ื™ื–ื, ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ืงืฉื‘ ื•ืจื™ื›ื•ื–,
05:34
mental retardation, language problems.
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ืคื™ื’ื•ืจ ืฉื›ืœื™, ืงืฉื™ื™ ืฉืคื”.
05:38
Instead, our EEG scans revealed
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ืœื—ืœื•ืคื™ืŸ, ืกืจื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœื ื• ื’ื™ืœื•
05:41
very specific problems hidden within their brains
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ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ื•ืช ืžืื“ ืฉื—ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื
05:44
that couldn't possibly have been detected
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ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ืœื–ื™ื”ื•ื™
05:46
by their behavioral assessments.
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ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื™ื•ืช.
05:49
So these EEG scans
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ืื– ืกืจื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื— ื”ืœืœื•
05:51
enabled us to provide these children
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ืื™ืคืฉืจื• ืœื ื• ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ืืœื”
05:53
with a much more accurate neurological diagnosis
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ืื‘ื—ื•ื ื™ื ื ื™ื•ืจื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื•ื™ืงื™ื
05:56
and much more targeted treatment.
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ื•ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื•ืงื“.
06:00
For too long now, children with developmental disorders
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ื›ื‘ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ืœื“ื™ื ืขื ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื™ื•ืช
06:03
have suffered from misdiagnosis
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ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžืื‘ื—ื ื•ืช ืฉื’ื•ื™ื•ืช
06:05
while their real problems have gone undetected
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ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ืื™ื ืŸ ืžื–ื•ื”ื•ืช
06:07
and left to worsen.
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ื•ืžื—ืžื™ืจื•ืช ืขืงื‘ ื”ื–ื ื—ื”.
06:09
And for too long, these children and their parents
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ื•ื›ื‘ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ืœื“ื™ื ืืœื” ื•ื”ื•ืจื™ื”ื
06:12
have suffered undue frustration and desperation.
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ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืœืœื ืฆื•ืจืš ืžื™ื™ืื•ืฉ ื•ืชืกื›ื•ืœ.
06:15
But we are now in a new era of neuroscience,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื›ืขืช ื‘ืขื™ื“ืŸ ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ืžื“ืขื™ ื”ืžื•ื—,
06:18
one in which we can finally look
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ื‘ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ืกื•ืฃ-ืกื•ืฃ ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ
06:21
directly at brain function in real time
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ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื— ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืืžืช
06:24
with no risks and no side effects, non-invasively,
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ืœืœื ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืื• ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ืœื•ื•ืื™, ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืœื-ืคื•ืœืฉื ื™ืช,
06:27
and find the true source
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ื•ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™
06:29
of so many disabilities in children.
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ืฉืœ ื›ื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ืœื“ื™ื.
06:32
So if I could inspire
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ืื– ืื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืขื•ืจืจ ื”ืฉืจืื”
06:34
even a fraction of you in the audience today
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ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืžืขื˜ื™ื ืžื›ื
06:37
to share this pioneering diagnostic approach
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ืœื—ืœื•ืง ืืช ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืฆื™ืช ื”ื–ื•
06:40
with even one parent whose child
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ื•ืœื• ื’ื ืขื ื”ื•ืจื” ืื—ื“ ืฉื™ืœื“ื•
06:42
is suffering from a developmental disorder,
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ืกื•ื‘ืœ ืžื”ืคืจืขื” ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืชื™ืช
06:45
then perhaps one more puzzle
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ืื– ืื•ืœื™ ืขื•ื“ ืคืื–ืœ
06:47
in one more brain will be solved.
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ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืžื•ื— ืื—ื“ ื™ื™ืคืชืจ.
06:49
One more mind will be unlocked.
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ืขื•ื“ ืžื•ื— ืื—ื“ ื™ื™ืคืชื—.
06:51
And one more child who has been misdiagnosed
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ื•ืขื•ื“ ื™ืœื“ ืื—ื“ ืฉืื•ื‘ื—ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื’ื•ื™
06:53
or even undiagnosed by the system
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ืื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ืื•ื‘ื—ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœืœ
06:56
will finally realize his or her true potential
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ื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื• ืชื‘ื™ืŸ ืกื•ืฃ-ืกื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ื”ื’ืœื•ื ื‘ื”ื
06:59
while there's still time
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ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ื™ืฉ ื–ืžืŸ
07:01
for his or her brain to recover.
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ืœืžื•ื— ืฉืœื• ืื• ืฉืœื” ืœื”ืฉืชืงื.
07:03
And all this by simply watching the child's brainwaves.
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ื•ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืข"ื™ ืฆืคื™ื” ื‘ื’ืœื™ ื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืœื“.
07:06
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
07:08
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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