Marcin Jakubowski: Open-sourced blueprints for civilization

188,552 views ใƒป 2011-04-19

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Yubal Masalker ืžื‘ืงืจ: Sigal Tifferet
00:15
Hi, my name is Marcin --
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ืฉืœื•ื, ืฉืžื™ ืžืจืฆ'ื™ืŸ --
00:18
farmer, technologist.
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ื—ืงืœืื™, ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’.
00:20
I was born in Poland, now in the U.S.
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ื ื•ืœื“ืชื™ ื‘ืคื•ืœื™ืŸ ื•ื—ื™ ื›ื™ื•ื ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘.
00:23
I started a group called Open Source Ecology.
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ื”ืงืžืชื™ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื”ื ืงืจืืช "ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืคืชื•ื—ื”-ืœื›ืœ".
00:26
We've identified the 50 most important machines
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ื–ื™ื”ื™ื ื• ืืช 50 ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
00:28
that we think it takes for modern life to exist --
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ืฉืœื“ืขืชื ื• ื“ืจื•ืฉื•ืช ืœืงื™ื•ื ื—ื™ื™ื ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื™ื --
00:31
things from tractors,
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ืžื˜ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื, ื“ืจืš ืชื ื•ืจื™ ืœื—ืžื™ื,
00:33
bread ovens, circuit makers.
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ื•ืขื“ ืœืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืœื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืžืขื’ืœื™ื ืžื•ื“ืคืกื™ื.
00:35
Then we set out to create
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ืื—ืจ-ื›ืš ื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ
00:37
an open source, DIY, do it yourself version
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ื’ื™ืจืกืช ืขืฉื”-ื–ืืช-ื‘ืขืฆืžืš ืคืชื•ื—ื”-ืœื›ืœ
00:40
that anyone can build and maintain
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ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื•ืœืชื—ื–ืง ืื•ืชืŸ
00:42
at a fraction of the cost.
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ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ืžื•ืคื—ืช.
00:44
We call this the Global Village Construction Set.
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ืื ื• ืžื›ื ื™ื ื–ืืช "ืžืขืจื›ืช ื‘ื ื™ื” ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช ืœื›ืคืจ".
00:46
So let me tell you a story.
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ืืกืคืจ ืœื›ื ืกื™ืคื•ืจ.
00:48
So I finished my 20s
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ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-20 ืฉืœื™
00:50
with a Ph.D. in fusion energy,
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ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืชื•ืืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื‘ืื ืจื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ื™ืชื•ืš-ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™,
00:52
and I discovered I was useless.
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ื•ื’ื™ืœื™ืชื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ืกืจ ืชื•ืขืœืช.
00:55
I had no practical skills.
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ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืœื™ ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืžืขืฉื™ื™ื.
00:57
The world presented me with options,
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ืขืžื“ื• ืœืคื ื™ื™ ืžืกืคืจ ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช,
00:59
and I took them.
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ื•ืœืงื—ืชื™ ืื•ืชืŸ.
01:01
I guess you can call it the consumer lifestyle.
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ื ืจืื” ืœื™ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื›ื ื•ืช ื–ืืช ื›ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื ืฆืจื›ื ื™.
01:03
So I started a farm in Missouri
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ื”ืงืžืชื™ ื—ื•ื•ื” ื‘ืžื™ื–ื•ืจื™
01:06
and learned about the economics of farming.
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ื•ื›ืš ืœืžื“ืชื™ ืขืœ ื›ืœื›ืœืช ื—ืงืœืื•ืช.
01:09
I bought a tractor -- then it broke.
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ืจื›ืฉืชื™ ื˜ืจืงื˜ื•ืจ -- ืฉื”ืชืงืœืงืœ.
01:12
I paid to get it repaired --
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ืฉื™ืœืžืชื™ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืœืชืงื ื• --
01:14
then it broke again.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืชืงืœืงืœ.
01:16
Then pretty soon,
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ื•ืื– ื“ื™ ืžื”ืจ
01:18
I was broke too.
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ืคืฉื˜ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืจื’ืœ.
01:20
I realized
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ื”ื‘ื ืชื™
01:22
that the truly appropriate, low-cost tools that I needed
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ืฉื”ื›ืœื™ื ื”ื‘ืืžืช ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ื•ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ื ืžื•ื›ื” ืฉื ื–ืงืงืชื™ ืœื”ื
01:25
to start a sustainable farm and settlement
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืงื™ื ื—ื•ื•ื” ื•ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืจื™-ืงื™ื™ืžื,
01:28
just didn't exist yet.
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ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื.
01:30
I needed tools that were robust, modular,
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ื ื–ืงืงืชื™ ืœื›ืœื™ื ื—ื–ืงื™ื, ืžื•ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื,
01:33
highly efficient and optimized,
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ื‘ืขืœื™ ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื•ืชืคื•ืงื” ืžื™ืจื‘ื™ืช,
01:35
low-cost,
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ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื ืžื•ืš,
01:37
made from local and recycled materials that would last a lifetime,
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ื”ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืžื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื ื•ืžืžื•ื—ื–ืจื™ื, ืืฉืจ ื™ืชืงื™ื™ืžื• ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ
01:40
not designed for obsolescence.
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ื•ืฉืื™ื ื ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืฉืŸ.
01:42
I found that I would have to build them myself.
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ื”ื’ืขืชื™ ืœืžืกืงื ื” ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื™ ืœื‘ื ื•ืชื ื‘ืขืฆืžื™.
01:45
So I did just that.
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ื•ื–ื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื” ืฉืขืฉื™ืชื™.
01:48
And I tested them.
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ื•ื‘ื“ืงืชื™ ืื•ืชื.
01:51
And I found that industrial productivity
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ื•ื’ื™ืœื™ืชื™ ืฉืชืคื•ืงื” ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืชื™ืช ื”ื™ื
01:54
can be achieved on a small scale.
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ื‘ืจืช-ื”ืฉื’ื” ื’ื ื‘ืงื ื”-ืžื™ื“ื” ืžืฆื•ืžืฆื.
01:57
So then I published the 3D designs,
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ื•ืื– ืคื™ืจืกืžืชื™ ืืช ื”ืฉืจื˜ื•ื˜ื™ื ื”ืชืœืช-ืžื™ืžื“ื™ื™ื,
02:00
schematics,
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ืืช ื”ืกื›ื™ืžื•ืช,
02:02
instructional videos and budgets
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ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื•ืืช ื”ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช
02:05
on a wiki.
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ื‘ืืชืจ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ืฉื™ืชื•ืคื™ (ื•ื™ืงื™).
02:07
Then contributors from all over the world
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ื•ืื– ื”ื—ืœื• ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืขืœื™-ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื
02:09
began showing up, prototyping new machines
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ืฉื‘ื ื• ืื‘ื™-ื˜ื™ืคื•ืก ืฉืœ ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช
02:12
during dedicated project visits.
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ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื™ ืžื™ื–ื ื™ืขื•ื“ื™ื™ื.
02:14
So far, we have prototyped eight of the 50 machines.
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ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื™ื•ื, ื‘ื ื™ื ื• ืื‘ื™-ื˜ื™ืคื•ืก ืฉืœ 8 ืžืชื•ืš 50 ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช.
02:17
And now the project
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ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ืžื™ื–ื
02:19
is beginning to grow on its own.
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ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืฆืžื•ื— ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืขืฆืžื•.
02:22
We know that open source has succeeded
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ืื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉืฉื™ื˜ืช ืงื•ื“-ืžืงื•ืจ ืคืชื•ื—
02:24
with tools for managing knowledge and creativity.
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ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื” ืขื ื›ืœื™ื ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื™ื“ืข ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื•ืช.
02:27
And the same is starting to happen with hardware too.
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ื“ื‘ืจ ื“ื•ืžื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื”ืชืจื—ืฉ ื’ื ืขื ืฆื™ื•ื“ ืžื™ื›ื ื™.
02:30
We're focusing on hardware
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ืื ื• ืžืชืจื›ื–ื™ื ื‘ืฆื™ื•ื“
02:32
because it is hardware that can change people's lives
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ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืฆื™ื•ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื
02:35
in such tangible material ways.
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ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืžืื•ื“ ืžื•ื—ืฉื™ื•ืช.
02:38
If we can lower the barriers to farming, building, manufacturing,
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ืื ื ืฆืœื™ื— ืœื”ื ืžื™ืš ืืช ื”ื—ืกืžื™ื ืœื—ืงืœืื•ืช, ื‘ื ื™ื” ื•ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ,
02:41
then we can unleash just massive amounts of human potential.
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ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื›ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืขืฆื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ืื ื•ืฉื™.
02:44
That's not only in the developing world.
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ื•ื–ื” ืœื ืจืง ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืชืคืชื—.
02:47
Our tools are being made
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ื”ื›ืœื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื ื•ืขื“ื•
02:49
for the American farmer, builder, entrepreneur, maker.
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ืœื—ืงืœืื™ื, ื‘ื ืื™ื, ื™ื–ืžื™ื ื•ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื™ื.
02:52
We've seen lots of excitement from these people,
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ื”ื‘ื—ื ื ื• ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ื”ืชืœื”ื‘ื•ืช ืืฆืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืืœื”,
02:54
who can now start a construction business,
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ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืขืกืงื™ ื‘ื ื™ื”,
02:56
parts manufacturing,
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ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื—ืœืงื™ื,
02:58
organic CSA
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CSA ืื•ืจื’ื ื™
03:00
or just selling power back to the grid.
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ืื• ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœืžื›ื•ืจ ื—ืฉืžืœ ืœืจืฉืช ื”ืืจืฆื™ืช.
03:04
Our goal is a repository of published designs
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ืžื˜ืจืชื ื• ื”ื™ื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืื’ืจ ืฉืœ ืฉืจื˜ื•ื˜ื™ื ืœื”ืคืฆื”
03:06
so clear, so complete,
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ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื ื•ืฉืœืžื™ื
03:08
that a single burned DVD
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ื›ืš ืฉืชืงืœื™ื˜ื•ืจ ืฆืจื•ื‘ ื‘ื•ื“ื“
03:10
is effectively a civilization starter kit.
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ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ืขืจื›ืช ื”ืชื—ืœื” ืœืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื”.
03:16
I've planted a hundred trees in a day.
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ืฉืชืœืชื™ ืžืื” ืขืฆื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื.
03:19
I've pressed 5,000 bricks in one day
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ื›ื‘ืฉืชื™ 5,000 ืœื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื
03:22
from the dirt beneath my feet
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ืžื”ื˜ื™ื ื•ืคืช ืฉืœืจื’ืœื™ื™
03:26
and built a tractor in six days.
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ื•ื‘ื ื™ืชื™ ื˜ืจืงื˜ื•ืจ ื‘-6 ื™ืžื™ื.
03:29
From what I've seen, this is only the beginning.
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ืžืžื” ืฉืจืื™ืชื™, ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืจืง ื”ื”ืชื—ืœื”.
03:32
If this idea is truly sound,
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ืื ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื” ืื›ืŸ ืฉื•ื•ื” ืžืฉื”ื•,
03:35
then the implications are significant.
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ืื– ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืชื™ื• ืชื”ื™ื™ื ื” ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช.
03:38
A greater distribution of the means of production,
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ืชืคื•ืฆื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืจื—ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืืžืฆืขื™ ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ,
03:41
environmentally sound supply chains,
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ืฉืจืฉืจืื•ืช ืืกืคืงื” ื™ื“ื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืœืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”,
03:44
and a newly relevant DIY maker culture
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ื•ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื” ื•ืžืขืฉื™ืช ืฉืœ ืขืฉื”-ื–ืืช-ื‘ืขืฆืžืš,
03:48
can hope to transcend
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ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืชืช ืชืงื•ื”
03:50
artificial scarcity.
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ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™.
03:53
We're exploring the limits
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ืื ื• ืžื’ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
03:55
of what we all can do to make a better world
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ืฉืœ ืžื” ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœืžืขืŸ ืขื•ืœื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ
03:58
with open hardware technology.
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ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื—ื•ืžืจื”-ืคืชื•ื—ื”.
04:00
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
04:02
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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