Stewart Brand: Why squatter cities are a good thing

41,309 views ใƒป 2008-04-15

TED


ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุฃุฏู†ุงู‡ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ.

ุงู„ู…ุชุฑุฌู…: Anwar Dafa-Alla ุงู„ู…ุฏู‚ู‘ู‚: Yasser Bahjatt
00:26
Basically, there's a major demographic event going on.
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ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณ ุŒ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุญุฏุซ ุฏูŠู…ูˆุบุฑุงููŠ ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ูŠุญุฏุซ ุงู„ุขู†
00:29
And it may be that passing the 50 percent urban point
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ูˆูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ุชุนุจุฑ ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ 50 ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฆุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุทู‚ ุงู„ุญุถุฑูŠุฉ
00:32
is an economic tipping point. So the world now is a map of connectivity.
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ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชู…ุซู„ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุชุญูˆู„ ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏูŠ. ุงุฐุง ุงู„ุนุงู„ู… ุงู„ุขู† ู‡ูˆ ุฎุฑูŠุทุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุชูˆุงุตู„
00:40
It used to be that Paris and London and New York were the largest cities.
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ู„ู‚ุฏ ูƒุงู†ุช ุจุงุฑูŠุณ ูˆู„ู†ุฏู† ูˆู†ูŠูˆูŠูˆุฑูƒ ุฃูƒุจุฑ ุงู„ู…ุฏู†
00:45
What we have now is the end of the rise of the West. That's over.
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ู…ุง ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ุงู„ุขู† ู‡ูˆ ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุตุนูˆุฏ ุงู„ุบุฑุจ. ุฃู†ุชู‡ู‰ ุฐู„ูƒ
00:51
The aggregate numbers are overwhelming.
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ุฅุฌู…ุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ุฃุนุฏุงุฏ ู‡ุงุฆู„
00:53
So what's really going on? Well, villages of the world are emptying out.
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ุงุฐุง ู…ุง ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠุฌุฑูŠ ูุนู„ูŠุงู‹ุŸ ุญุณู†ุงู‹ุŒ ู‚ุฑู‰ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู… ุชุฎู„ูˆ ุงู„ุขู†
01:05
The question is, why?
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ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ู‡ูˆุŒ ู„ู…ุงุฐุงุŸ
01:07
And here's the unromantic truth -- and the city air makes you free,
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ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ุฑูˆู…ุงู†ุณูŠุฉ-- ูˆู‡ูˆุงุก ุงู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ ูŠุฌุนู„ูƒ ุญูุฑุงู‹
01:12
they said in Renaissance Germany. So some people go to places
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ู‚ุงู„ูˆุง ููŠ ุฃู„ู…ุงู†ูŠุง ุงู„ู†ุงู‡ุถุฉ. ุญุชู‰ ุฃู† ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ูŠุฐู‡ุจูˆู† ุฅู„ู‰ ุฃู…ุงูƒู†
01:15
like Shanghai but most go to the squatter cities where aesthetics rule.
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ู…ุซู„ ุดู†ุบู‡ุงูŠุŒ ู„ูƒู† ู…ุนุธู…ู‡ู… ูŠุฐู‡ุจูˆู† ุงู„ู‰ ู…ุฏู† ุนุดูˆุงุฆูŠุฉ ุญูŠุซ ูŠุญูƒู… ุงู„ุฌู…ุงู„
01:21
And these are not really a people oppressed by poverty.
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ูˆู‡ุคู„ุงุก ู„ูŠุณูˆ ุฃู†ุงุณ ูุนู„ุงู‹ ู…ู‚ู‡ูˆุฑูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ูู‚ุฑ
01:23
They're people getting out of poverty as fast as they can.
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ุฃู†ู‡ู… ุฃู†ุงุณ ูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆู† ู…ู† ุงู„ูู‚ุฑ ุจุฃุณุฑุน ู…ุง ูŠุณุชุทูŠุนูˆู†
01:26
They're the dominant builders and to a large extent, the dominant designers.
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ุฃู†ู‡ู… ุบุงู„ุจูŠุฉ ุงู„ุจู†ุงุฉ ูˆุงู„ู‰ ุญุฏ ูƒุจูŠุฑุŒ ุบุงู„ุจูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุตู…ู…ูŠู†
01:30
They have home-brewed infrastructure and vibrant urban life.
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ู„ุฏูŠู‡ู… ุจู†ูŠุฉ ุชุญุชูŠุฉ ู…ุตู†ุนุฉ ู…ู†ุฒู„ูŠุง ูˆุญูŠุงุฉ ุญุถุฑูŠุฉ ุญูŠูˆูŠุฉ
01:32
One-sixth of the GDP in India is coming out of Mumbai.
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ุณุฏุณ ุงู„ู†ุงุชุฌ ุงู„ู…ุญู„ูŠ ุงู„ุฅุฌู…ุงู„ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ู‡ู†ุฏ ูŠุฃุชูŠ ู…ู† ุจูˆู…ุจุงูŠ
01:37
They are constantly upgrading, and in a few cases, the government helps.
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ุฃู†ู‡ู… ูŠุทูˆุฑูˆู† ุจุตูˆุฑุฉ ู…ุณุชู…ุฑุฉุŒ ูˆููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช ู‚ู„ูŠู„ุฉุŒ ุชุณุงุนุฏู‡ู… ุงู„ุญูƒูˆู…ุฉ
01:41
Education is the main event that can happen in cities.
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ุงู„ุชุนู„ูŠู… ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุญุฏุซ ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠุญุตู„ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฏู†
01:44
What's going on in the street in Mumbai?
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ู…ุงุฐุง ูŠุญุฏุซ ููŠ ุงู„ุดูˆุงุฑุน ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠุฉ ู„ู…ูˆู…ุจุงูŠุŸ
01:46
Al Gore knows. It's basically everything.
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ุขู„ ุบูˆุฑ ูŠุนุฑู. ููŠ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ูŠุญุฏุซ ูƒู„ ุดุฆ
01:53
There's no unemployment in squatter cities. Everyone works.
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ู„ุง ูŠูˆุฌุฏ ุจุทุงู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฏู† ุงู„ุนุดูˆุงุฆูŠุฉ. ุงู„ุฌู…ูŠุน ูŠุนู…ู„
02:06
One-sixth of humanity is there. It's soon going to be more than that.
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ุณุฏุณ ุงู„ุจุดุฑูŠุฉ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ. ูˆู‚ุฑูŠุจุงู‹ ุณุชูƒูˆู† ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ุฐู„ูƒ
02:10
So here's the first punch line:
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ูˆู„ุฐุง ูุฃู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุฃูˆู„ ู„ูƒู…ุฉ
02:13
cities have defused the population bomb.
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ู†ุฒุนุช ุงู„ู…ุฏู† ูุชูŠู„ ุงู„ู‚ู†ุจู„ุฉ ุงู„ุณูƒุงู†ูŠุฉ
02:19
And here's the second punch line.
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ูˆู‡ู†ุง ู‡ูŠ ุซุงู†ูŠ ู„ูƒู…ุฉ
02:24
That's the news from downtown. Here it is in perspective.
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ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃู†ุจุงุก ู…ู† ูˆุณุท ุงู„ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ. ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ูˆุฌู‡ุงุช ุงู„ู†ุธุฑ
02:58
Stars have shined down on earth's life for billions of years.
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ู„ู…ุนุช ุงู„ู†ุฌูˆู… ุนู„ู‰ ุญูŠุงุฉ ุงู„ุฃุฑุถ ู„ุจู„ุงูŠูŠู† ุงู„ุณู†ูŠู†
03:01
Now we're shining right back up.
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ุงู„ุขู† ู†ุญู† ู†ู„ู…ุน ุจุงู„ุนูƒุณ.
03:11
Thank you.
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ุดูƒุฑุงู‹ ู„ูƒู…
ุญูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน

ุณูŠู‚ุฏู… ู„ูƒ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน ู…ู‚ุงุทุน ููŠุฏูŠูˆ YouTube ุงู„ู…ููŠุฏุฉ ู„ุชุนู„ู… ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ. ุณุชุฑู‰ ุฏุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุชู… ุชุฏุฑูŠุณู‡ุง ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุฏุฑุณูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ู…ู† ุฌู…ูŠุน ุฃู†ุญุงุก ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…. ุงู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุนุฑูˆุถุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ ุตูุญุฉ ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ. ูŠุชู… ุชู…ุฑูŠุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุงุช ุจุงู„ุชุฒุงู…ู† ู…ุน ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ. ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู„ุฏูŠูƒ ุฃูŠ ุชุนู„ูŠู‚ุงุช ุฃูˆ ุทู„ุจุงุช ุŒ ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ุจู†ุง ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ู‡ุฐุง.

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