My Daughter, Malala | Ziauddin Yousafzai | TED Talks

Prevodilac: Milenka Okuka Lektor: Mile Živković

In many patriarchal societies and tribal societies,

U većini patrijarhalnih i plemenskih društava

fathers are usually known by their sons,

očeve obično znaju po sinovima,

but I'm one of the few fathers

ali ja sam jedan od retkih

who is known by his daughter,

koga znaju po kćerci

and I am proud of it.

i ponosan sam na to.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

Malala started her campaign for education

Malala je započela kampanju za obrazovanje

and stood for her rights in 2007,

zauzela se za svoja prava 2007,

and when her efforts were honored in 2011,

a kada je 2011. njen trud nagrađen

and she was given the national youth peace prize,

i kada je dobila nacionalnu omladinsku nagradu za mir

and she became a very famous,

postala je veoma poznata,

very popular young girl of her country.

veoma popularna devojka u svojoj zemlji.

Before that, she was my daughter,

Pre toga, bila je moja kćerka,

but now I am her father.

a sada sam ja njen otac.

Ladies and gentlemen,

Dame i gospodo,

if we glance to human history,

ukoliko se osvrnemo na istoriju čovečanstva

the story of women

priča o ženama

is the story of injustice,

je priča o nepravdi,

inequality,

nejednakosti,

violence and exploitation.

nasilju i eksploataciji.

You see,

Vidite,

in patriarchal societies,

u patrijarhalnim društvima,

right from the very beginning,

već od samog početka je jasno,

when a girl is born,

kada se rodi devojčica,

her birth is not celebrated.

njeno rođenje se ne proslavlja.

She is not welcomed,

Ne raduju joj se

neither by father nor by mother.

ni otac ni majka.

The neighborhood comes

Komšije navrate

and commiserates with the mother,

i saosećaju s majkom

and nobody congratulates the father.

a ocu niko ne čestita.

And a mother is very uncomfortable

Majka se oseća izuzetno neprijatno

for having a girl child.

jer je rodila devojčicu.

When she gives birth to the first girl child,

Kada rodi prvu devojčicu,

first daughter, she is sad.

prvu kćerku, tužna je.

When she gives birth to the second daughter,

Kada potom rodi drugu kćerku,

she is shocked,

ona je u šoku,

and in the expectation of a son,

a kada, iščekujući sina,

when she gives birth to a third daughter,

rodi i treću kćerku

she feels guilty like a criminal.

oseća krivicu poput kriminalca.

Not only the mother suffers,

Ne ispašta samo majka,

but the daughter, the newly born daughter,

već i kćerka, novorođena kćerka.

when she grows old,

Kada odraste,

she suffers too.

ispaštaće takođe.

At the age of five,

Kad joj bude pet godina,

while she should be going to school,

umesto da ide u školu

she stays at home

ostaće kod kuće,

and her brothers are admitted in a school.

dok će njena braća biti upisana u školu.

Until the age of 12, somehow,

Sve do 12. godine, koliko toliko,

she has a good life.

život će joj biti dobar.

She can have fun.

Zabavljaće se.

She can play with her friends in the streets,

Moći će da se igra s prijateljima na ulici,

and she can move around in the streets

i moći će da se kreće ulicama

like a butterfly.

poput leptira.

But when she enters her teens,

No kada postane tinejdžerka,

when she becomes 13 years old,

kada napuni 13 godina,

she is forbidden to go out of her home

biće joj zabranjeno da napusti dom

without a male escort.

bez muške pratnje.

She is confined under the four walls of her home.

Zarobljena među četiri zida svoga doma,

She is no more a free individual.

ona više nije slobodan pojedinac.

She becomes the so-called honor

Ona postaje takozvana čast

of her father and of her brothers

svog oca, svoje braće

and of her family,

i svoje porodice.

and if she transgresses

A ukoliko prekrši

the code of that so-called honor,

kodeks te, nazovi, časti,

she could even be killed.

može da bude i ubijena.

And it is also interesting that this so-called

Interesantno je, takođe, da taj takozvani

code of honor,

kodeks časti

it does not only affect the life of a girl,

ne utiče samo na život devojaka,

it also affects the life

on pogađa i živote

of the male members of the family.

muških članova porodice.

I know a family of seven sisters and one brother,

Znam porodicu sa sedam sestara i jednim bratom,

and that one brother,

i taj jedinac

he has migrated to the Gulf countries,

se preselio u zalivske zemlje,

to earn a living for his seven sisters

kako bi zaradio za život svojim sestrama

and parents,

i roditeljima.

because he thinks that it will be humiliating

Jer on smatra kako bi bilo ponižavajuće

if his seven sisters learn a skill

ako bi njegove sestre naučile neki zanat

and they go out of the home

te napustile dom

and earn some livelihood.

i same sebe izdržavale.

So this brother,

Zato ovaj brat,

he sacrifices the joys of his life

žrtvuje sopstvene životne užitke

and the happiness of his sisters

i sreću svojih sestara

at the altar of so-called honor.

na oltaru te, nazovi, časti.

And there is one more norm

Postoji još jedna norma

of the patriarchal societies

u patrijarhalnim društvima,

that is called obedience.

to je poslušnost.

A good girl is supposed to be

Dobra devojka bi trebalo da bude

very quiet, very humble

veoma tiha, veoma skromna

and very submissive.

i veoma ponizna.

It is the criteria.

To su merila.

The role model good girl should be very quiet.

Uzorna dobra devojka bi trebalo da bude veoma tiha.

She is supposed to be silent

Trebalo bi da bude nema

and she is supposed to accept the decisions

i da prihvata odluke

of her father and mother

svoga oca i majke

and the decisions of elders,

i odluke starijih

even if she does not like them.

čak i kada joj se ne sviđaju.

If she is married to a man she doesn't like

Ukoliko se uda za čoveka koji joj se ne sviđa

or if she is married to an old man,

ili za starca,

she has to accept,

mora to da prihvati

because she does not want to be dubbed

jer ne želi da bude prozvana

as disobedient.

neposlušnom.

If she is married very early,

Ako se veoma rano uda,

she has to accept.

mora to da prihvati.

Otherwise, she will be called disobedient.

U suprotnom, nazvaće je neposlušnom.

And what happens at the end?

I šta na kraju bude?

In the words of a poetess,

Rečima pesnikinje:

she is wedded, bedded,

nju su udali, polegli

and then she gives birth to more sons and daughters.

da rađa još sinova i kćeri.

And it is the irony of the situation

A ironija u svemu ovome

that this mother,

je da će ova majka,

she teaches the same lesson of obedience

preneti lekciju o poslušnosti

to her daughter

svojoj kćerci

and the same lesson of honor to her sons.

i istu lekciju časti svojim sinovima.

And this vicious cycle goes on, goes on.

Tako se ovaj začarani krug nastavlja.

Ladies and gentlemen,

Dame i gospodo,

this plight of millions of women

ovaj zavet miliona žena

could be changed

može da se promeni

if we think differently,

ako budemo razmišljali drugačije,

if women and men think differently,

ako žene i muškarci budu razmišljali drugačije.

if men and women in the tribal and patriarchal societies

Ukoliko bi muškarci i žene u plemenskim i patrijarhalnim društvima

in the developing countries,

u zemljama u razvoju,

if they can break a few norms

prekršili nekoliko pravila

of family and society,

koja nameću porodica i društvo.

if they can abolish the discriminatory laws

Ukoliko bi poništili diskriminatorske zakone

of the systems in their states,

koje nameće sistem njihovih država,

which go against the basic human rights

a koji se protive osnovnim ljudskim pravima

of the women.

žena.

Dear brothers and sisters, when Malala was born,

Draga braćo i sestre, kada se Malala rodila,

and for the first time,

prvi put sam,

believe me,

verujte mi,

I don't like newborn children, to be honest,

ja baš i ne volim novorođenčad, da budem iskren,

but when I went and I looked into her eyes,

ali kada sam je pogledao u oči,

believe me,

verujte mi,

I got extremely honored.

bio sam izuzetno počastvovan.

And long before she was born,

Mnogo pre njenog rođenja

I thought about her name,

razmišljao sam koje ime da joj dam.

and I was fascinated with a heroic

Bio sam očaran herojem,

legendary freedom fighter in Afghanistan.

čuvenim avganistanskim borcem za slobodu,

Her name was Malalai of Maiwand,

koja se zvala Malalai Majvandska.

and I named my daughter after her.

Po njoj sam nazvao kćerku.

A few days after Malala was born,

Nekoliko dana nakon njenog rođenja,

my daughter was born,

nakon što mi se kćerka rodila,

my cousin came --

došao mi je rođak u goste -

and it was a coincidence --

to je bila slučajnost -

he came to my home

došao je u moj dom

and he brought a family tree,

i doneo je porodično stablo,

a family tree of the Yousafzai family,

porodično stablo porodice Jusafzai

and when I looked at the family tree,

i kad sam pogledao porodično stablo,

it traced back to 300 years of our ancestors.

sezalo je 300 godina unazad.

But when I looked, all were men,

No kad sam pogledao, tu su bili samo muškarci.

and I picked my pen,

Uzeo sam olovku,

drew a line from my name,

povukao liniju od mog imena

and wrote, "Malala."

i napisao: "Malala".

And when she grow old,

A kada je odrasla,

when she was four and a half years old,

kada je imala četiri i po godine,

I admitted her in my school.

upisao sam je u moju školu.

You will be asking, then, why should I mention about

Pitaćete se, zašto bih vam pominjao

the admission of a girl in a school?

polazak devojke u školu?

Yes, I must mention it.

Da, moram to da pomenem.

It may be taken for granted in Canada,

Možda to uzimate zdravo za gotovo u Kanadi,

in America, in many developed countries,

Americi i mnogim drugim razvijenim zemljama,

but in poor countries,

ali u siromašnim zemljama,

in patriarchal societies, in tribal societies,

u patrijarhalnim i plemenskim društvima,

it's a big event for the life of girl.

to je veliki događaj u životu devojke.

Enrollment in a school means

Polazak u školu znači

recognition of her identity and her name.

uvažavanje njenog identiteta i njenog imena.

Admission in a school means

Polazak u školu znači

that she has entered the world of dreams

ulazak u svet snova

and aspirations

i težnji

where she can explore her potentials

gde može da istražuje svoje mogućnosti

for her future life.

koje će joj koristiti u budućnosti.

I have five sisters,

Ja imam pet sestara,

and none of them could go to school,

i nijedna nije mogla da ide u školu.

and you will be astonished,

Bićete zapanjeni,

two weeks before,

pre dve nedelje,

when I was filling out the Canadian visa form,

kada sam popunjavao formular za kanadsku vizu,

and I was filling out the family part of the form,

dok sam ispunjavao deo koji se tiče porodice,

I could not recall

nisam mogao da se setim

the surnames of some of my sisters.

prezimena nekih mojih sestara.

And the reason was

Iz razloga

that I have never, never seen the names

što nikada, nikada nisam video imena

of my sisters written on any document.

mojih sestara zabeležena na bilo kakvom dokumentu.

That was the reason that

Zbog toga sam

I valued my daughter.

cenio svoju kćerku.

What my father could not give to my sisters

Ono što moj otac nije mogao da pruži mojim sestrama,

and to his daughters,

svojim kćerkama,

I thought I must change it.

smatrao sam da ja moram da promenim.

I used to appreciate the intelligence

Cenio sam inteligenciju

and the brilliance of my daughter.

i oštroumnost moje kćerke.

I encouraged her to sit with me

Ohrabrivao sam je da sedi uz mene

when my friends used to come.

kada bi mi prijatelji navratili.

I encouraged her to go with me to different meetings.

Ohrabrivao sam je da me prati na razna okupljanja.

And all these good values,

I sve što se smatra vrlim

I tried to inculcate in her personality.

pokušao sam da ugradim u njenu ličnost.

And this was not only she, only Malala.

I ne samo njoj, ne samo Malali.

I imparted all these good values

Prenosio sam vrline

to my school, girl students and boy students as well.

mojim đacima, i devojčicama i dečacima.

I used education for emancipation.

Koristio sam edukaciju za emancipaciju.

I taught my girls,

Učio sam svoje devojke,

I taught my girl students,

učio sam svoje đake devojke

to unlearn the lesson of obedience.

da zaborave lekciju poslušnosti.

I taught my boy students

Učio sam đake dečake

to unlearn the lesson of so-called pseudo-honor.

da zaborave lekciju, takozvane, kvazi-časti.

Dear brothers and sisters,

Draga braćo i sestre,

we were striving for more rights for women,

težili smo tome da žene imaju veća prava,

and we were struggling to have more,

borili smo se da žene imaju

more and more space for the women in society.

sve više i više mesta u društvu.

But we came across a new phenomenon.

Ali naišli smo na novi fenomen.

It was lethal to human rights

Bio je poguban za ljudska prava,

and particularly to women's rights.

a naročito za prava žena.

It was called Talibanization.

Bila je to talibanizacija.

It means a complete negation

Ona podrazumeva potpunu negaciju

of women's participation

učešća žena

in all political, economical and social activities.

u svim političkim, ekonomskim i društvenim aktivnostima.

Hundreds of schools were lost.

Na stotine škola je izgubljeno.

Girls were prohibited from going to school.

Devojkama je zabranjeno da idu u školu.

Women were forced to wear veils

Žene su primorane da nose veo

and they were stopped from going to the markets.

i zabranjeno im je da idu u prodavnice.

Musicians were silenced,

Muzičari su utišani,

girls were flogged

devojke su šibane,

and singers were killed.

a pevači ubijani.

Millions were suffering,

Milioni su ispaštali,

but few spoke,

a samo nekolicina je govorila.

and it was the most scary thing

I beše to najstrašnije od svega,

when you have all around such people

govoriti okružen ljudima

who kill and who flog,

što ubijaju i šibaju,

and you speak for your rights.

a ti braniš svoja prava.

It's really the most scary thing.

To je uistinu najstrašnije od svega.

At the age of 10,

Kada je imala 10 godina,

Malala stood, and she stood for the right

Malala se pobunila, pobunila se

of education.

za pravo na obrazovanje.

She wrote a diary for the BBC blog,

Pisala je dnevnik na Bi-Bi-Si-jevom blogu,

she volunteered herself

volontirala je

for the New York Times documentaries,

u Njujork tajmsovim dokumentarcima

and she spoke from every platform she could.

i govorila sa svake govornice s koje je mogla.

And her voice was the most powerful voice.

I njen glas beše najsnažniji od svih.

It spread like a crescendo all around the world.

Širio se poput krešenda svetom.

And that was the reason the Taliban

Stoga Talibani nisu mogli

could not tolerate her campaign,

da tolerišu njenu kampanju

and on October 9 2012,

i 9. oktobra 2012.

she was shot in the head at point blank range.

pucali su joj u glavu iz neposredne blizine.

It was a doomsday for my family and for me.

Bio je to sudnji dan za moju porodicu i mene.

The world turned into a big black hole.

Svet se pretvorio u veliku crnu rupu.

While my daughter was

Dok mi je kćerka bila

on the verge of life and death,

između života i smrti,

I whispered into the ears of my wife,

prošaputao sam ženi na uho:

"Should I be blamed for what happened

"Jesam li ja kriv za ovo što se desilo

to my daughter and your daughter?"

mojoj i tvojoj kćerci?"

And she abruptly told me,

Odsečno mi je rekla:

"Please don't blame yourself.

"Molim te, nemoj sebe da kriviš.

You stood for the right cause.

Zauzeo si se za prave razloge.

You put your life at stake

Rizikovao si svoj život

for the cause of truth,

za istinu,

for the cause of peace,

za mir

and for the cause of education,

i za obrazovanje.

and your daughter in inspired from you

Inspirisao si svoju kćerku

and she joined you.

i ona ti se pridružila.

You both were on the right path

Oboje ste bili na pravom putu

and God will protect her."

i zato će je Gospod čuvati."

These few words meant a lot to me,

Ovih nekoliko reči mi je mnogo značilo

and I didn't ask this question again.

i nikada više nisam postavio ovo pitanje.

When Malala was in the hospital,

Dok je Malala bila u bolnici,

and she was going through the severe pains

imala je žestoke bolove,

and she had had severe headaches

imala je žestoke glavobolje

because her facial nerve was cut down,

jer joj je facijalni nerv bio presečen.

I used to see a dark shadow

Gledao sam tamnu senu

spreading on the face of my wife.

kako se širi licem moje supruge.

But my daughter never complained.

No moja se kćer nikada nije žalila.

She used to tell us,

Govorila bi nam:

"I'm fine with my crooked smile

"Dobro mi je sa iskrivljenim osmehom

and with my numbness in my face.

i sa utrnulim licem.

I'll be okay. Please don't worry."

Biću dobro. Molim vas da ne brinete."

She was a solace for us,

Bila je naša uteha

and she consoled us.

i olakšavala nam je bol.

Dear brothers and sisters,

Draga braćo i sestre,

we learned from her how to be resilient

naučili smo od nje kako da budemo jaki

in the most difficult times,

u najtežim vremenima.

and I'm glad to share with you

Drago mi je što ovo mogu da podelim s vama,

that despite being an icon

iako je ikona

for the rights of children and women,

borbe za prava dece i žena,

she is like any 16-year old girl.

ona je kao i svaka druga šesnaestogodišnjakinja.

She cries when her homework is incomplete.

Plače ako ne završi domaći zadatak,

She quarrels with her brothers,

prepire se sa svojom braćom

and I am very happy for that.

i ja sam veoma srećan zbog toga.

People ask me,

Ljudi me pitaju,

what special is in my mentorship

šta je tako posebno u mom mentorstvu

which has made Malala so bold

što je Malalu učinilo tako odvažnom

and so courageous and so vocal and poised?

i tako hrabrom, glasnom i razboritom?

I tell them, don't ask me what I did.

Kažem im, ne pitajte me šta jesam,

Ask me what I did not do.

pitajte me šta nisam učinio.

I did not clip her wings, and that's all.

Nisam joj podrezao krila i to je sve.

Thank you very much.

Mnogo vam hvala.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

Thank you. Thank you very much. Thank you. (Applause)

Hvala. Mnogo vam hvala. Hvala. (Aplauz)