Robert Waldinger: What makes a good life? Lessons from the longest study on happiness | TED

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2016-01-25 ・ TED


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Robert Waldinger: What makes a good life? Lessons from the longest study on happiness | TED

26,925,280 views ・ 2016-01-25

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Sofia Shin κ²€ν† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:12
What keeps us healthy and happy
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ‚¬λŠ” λ™μ•ˆ 무엇이 우리λ₯Ό κ±΄κ°•ν•˜κ³  ν–‰λ³΅ν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€κΉŒμš”?
00:15
as we go through life?
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00:18
If you were going to invest now
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λ§Œμ•½ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μ§€κΈˆ
00:21
in your future best self,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ μ΅œμ„ μ˜ 미래λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ νˆ¬μžν•˜κ³  μ‹Άλ‹€λ©΄
00:23
where would you put your time and your energy?
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어디에 μ‹œκ°„κ³Ό μ—λ„ˆμ§€λ₯Ό μ“°μ‹œκ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
00:27
There was a recent survey of millennials
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1980-2000λ…„λŒ€μ— νƒœμ–΄λ‚œ λ°€λ ˆλ‹ˆμ–Ό μ„ΈλŒ€μ—κ²Œ
00:29
asking them what their most important life goals were,
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κ·Έλ“€μ˜ κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 인생 λͺ©ν‘œκ°€ 무엇인지 λ¬Όμ—ˆμ„ λ•Œ
00:34
and over 80 percent said
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80% 이상이
00:36
that a major life goal for them was to get rich.
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주된 인생λͺ©ν‘œλŠ” λΆ€μžκ°€ λ˜λŠ” 것이라고 λ‹΅ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:40
And another 50 percent of those same young adults
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같은 μ Šμ€μ΄λ“€ 쀑 50%κ°€
00:45
said that another major life goal
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또 λ‹€λ₯Έ 인생 λͺ©ν‘œλŠ”
00:47
was to become famous.
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유λͺ…ν•΄μ§€λŠ” 것이라고 λ‹΅ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:50
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
00:52
And we're constantly told to lean in to work, to push harder
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세상은 μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²Œ κ³„μ†ν•΄μ„œ 더 μ—΄μ‹¬νžˆ μΌν•˜κ³  더 λ…Έλ ₯ν•˜λΌκ³ ,
00:58
and achieve more.
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그리고 λ”μš±λ” μ„±μ·¨ν•˜λΌκ³  λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:00
We're given the impression that these are the things that we need to go after
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그런 것듀을 μΆ”κ΅¬ν•΄μ•Όλ§Œ ν•œλ‹€κ³  세상은 우리λ₯Ό μ••λ°•ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:04
in order to have a good life.
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쒋은 삢을 μ‚΄κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œ 말이죠.
01:06
Pictures of entire lives,
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ 인생 μ „μ²΄μ—μ„œ
01:08
of the choices that people make and how those choices work out for them,
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그듀이 ν•œ 선택과 κ·Έ μ„ νƒμ˜ 결과물듀을
01:13
those pictures are almost impossible to get.
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ν•œ λˆˆμ— λ³΄κΈ°λž€ 거의 λΆˆκ°€λŠ₯ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:18
Most of what we know about human life
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인생에 κ΄€ν•΄ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ•„λŠ” 것은 λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„
01:21
we know from asking people to remember the past,
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κ³Όκ±°λ₯Ό λ˜μ§šμ–΄ λ΄„μœΌλ‘œμ¨ 깨우치게 λ˜λŠ” 것인데
01:24
and as we know, hindsight is anything but 20/20.
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μš°λ¦¬λ„ μ•Œλ‹€μ‹œν”Ό 깨우치고 λ‚˜λ©΄ κ·Έλ•ŒλŠ” 이미 늦죠.
01:29
We forget vast amounts of what happens to us in life,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 우리 인생에 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” μˆ˜λ§Žμ€ 일듀을 μžŠμ–΄λ²„λ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:33
and sometimes memory is downright creative.
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λ•Œλ‘œλŠ” 기얡을 μ™„μ „νžˆ λ‚ μ‘°ν•΄ 버리기도 ν•˜μ£ .
01:36
But what if we could watch entire lives
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λ§Œμ•½ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 인생 전체λ₯Ό
01:41
as they unfold through time?
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ν•œκΊΌλ²ˆμ— 펼쳐볼 수 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄ μ–΄λ–¨κΉŒμš”?
01:44
What if we could study people from the time that they were teenagers
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ μ‹­λŒ€ μ‹œμ ˆλΆ€ν„° λ…Έλ…„κΉŒμ§€ μ˜¨μ „νžˆ μ—°κ΅¬ν•΄μ„œ
01:48
all the way into old age
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01:50
to see what really keeps people happy and healthy?
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무엇이 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ ν–‰λ³΅ν•˜κ³  κ±΄κ°•ν•˜κ²Œ ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ λ³Ό 수 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄μš”?
01:55
We did that.
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그것을 ν•΄λƒˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:57
The Harvard Study of Adult Development
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ν•˜λ²„λ“œ λŒ€ν•™κ΅ μ„±μΈλ°œλ‹¬μ—°κ΅¬λŠ”
01:59
may be the longest study of adult life that's ever been done.
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μ—­λŒ€ 졜μž₯ 기간에 걸친 인생 연ꡬ일 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:05
For 75 years, we've tracked the lives of 724 men,
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75λ…„ κ°„ 남성 724λͺ…μ˜ 인생을 좔적해 μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:13
year after year, asking about their work, their home lives, their health,
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ν•΄λ§ˆλ‹€ κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 직업과 κ°€μ •μƒν™œ, 건강 μƒνƒœμ— κ΄€ν•΄ μ„€λ¬Έν–ˆμ£ .
02:17
and of course asking all along the way without knowing how their life stories
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λ¬Όλ‘  연ꡬ λŒ€μƒμ˜ 인생사가 μ–΄λ–€ λͺ¨μŠ΅μœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚ μ§€λŠ”
μ—°κ΅¬μžλ“€λ„ μ•Œμ§€ λͺ»ν•œ μ±„λ‘œ μ§„ν–‰λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:22
were going to turn out.
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02:25
Studies like this are exceedingly rare.
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” κ·Ήλ„λ‘œ ν¬κ·€ν•œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:28
Almost all projects of this kind fall apart within a decade
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이런 μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈλŠ” λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„ 10λ…„ μ΄λ‚΄λ‘œ λλ‚˜κ³  말죠.
02:33
because too many people drop out of the study,
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연ꡬ 쀑에 λ„μ€‘ν•˜μ°¨ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ λ„ˆλ¬΄ λ§Žκ±°λ‚˜,
02:36
or funding for the research dries up,
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연ꡬ 자금이 λ°”λ‹₯λ‚˜κ±°λ‚˜,
02:39
or the researchers get distracted,
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μ—°κ΅¬μžλ“€μ΄ 연ꡬ에 ν₯λ―Έλ₯Ό μžƒκ±°λ‚˜,
02:41
or they die, and nobody moves the ball further down the field.
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ν˜Ήμ€ μ—°κ΅¬μžλ“€μ΄ μ£½μ—ˆλŠ”λ° κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 연ꡬλ₯Ό 이어받을 μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ μ—†κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:46
But through a combination of luck
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ ν–‰μš΄μ΄ 겹치고 겹쳐
02:48
and the persistence of several generations of researchers,
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수 μ„ΈλŒ€μ— 걸친 연ꡬ가 μ§€μ†λœ κ²°κ³Ό
02:52
this study has survived.
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이 μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” μ‚΄μ•„λ‚¨μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:54
About 60 of our original 724 men
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졜초의 μ—°κ΅¬λŒ€μƒ 724λͺ… 쀑 60μ—¬ λͺ…이
02:59
are still alive,
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μ§€κΈˆλ„ 생쑴해 있으며
03:00
still participating in the study,
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μ§€κΈˆλ„ 연ꡬ에 μ°Έμ—¬ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:02
most of them in their 90s.
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κ·Έλ“€ 쀑 λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ€ 90λŒ€μ£ .
03:05
And we are now beginning to study
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그리고 이제 μš°λ¦¬λŠ”
03:07
the more than 2,000 children of these men.
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κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 2천 λͺ…이 λ„˜λŠ” μžμ†λ“€μ„ μ—°κ΅¬ν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:11
And I'm the fourth director of the study.
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μ €λŠ” 이 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ λ„€ 번째 총 μ±…μž„μžμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:15
Since 1938, we've tracked the lives of two groups of men.
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1938λ…„λΆ€ν„° μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 두 개의 집단을 좔적해 μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:20
The first group started in the study
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첫 번째 μ§‘λ‹¨μ˜ 연ꡬ가 μ‹œμž‘λœ 것은
03:22
when they were sophomores at Harvard College.
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그듀이 ν•˜λ²„λ“œ λŒ€ν•™ 2학년일 λ•Œμ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:25
They all finished college during World War II,
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κ·Έλ“€ λͺ¨λ‘ 2μ°¨ μ„Έκ³„λŒ€μ „ 쀑 λŒ€ν•™μ„ μ‘Έμ—…ν–ˆκ³ ,
03:27
and then most went off to serve in the war.
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κ·Έ λ’€ λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ΄ μ „μŸμ— μ°Έμ „ν–ˆμ£ .
03:31
And the second group that we've followed
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μΆ”μ ν•œ 두 번째 집단은
03:33
was a group of boys from Boston's poorest neighborhoods,
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λ³΄μŠ€ν„΄μ˜ κ°€μž₯ κ°€λ‚œν•œ μ§€μ—­μ—μ„œ νƒœμ–΄λ‚œ μ†Œλ…„λ“€μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:37
boys who were chosen for the study
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그듀이 연ꡬ λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ μ„ νƒλœ μ΄μœ λŠ”
03:39
specifically because they were from some of the most troubled
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ꡬ체적으둜 λ§ν•˜λ©΄ κ°€μž₯ λΆˆμš°ν•œ 문제 κ°€μ • μΆœμ‹ μ΄μ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:43
and disadvantaged families
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03:44
in the Boston of the 1930s.
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1930λ…„λŒ€ λ³΄μŠ€ν„΄μ—μ„œ 말이죠.
03:47
Most lived in tenements, many without hot and cold running water.
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λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ€ λƒ‰μ˜¨μˆ˜λ„ μ œλŒ€λ‘œ μ•ˆ λ‚˜μ˜€λŠ” λΉˆλ―Όκ°€ 곡동주택에 μ‚΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:54
When they entered the study,
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연ꡬ가 μ‹œμž‘λ˜μ—ˆμ„ λ•Œ
03:56
all of these teenagers were interviewed.
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이 μ‹­λŒ€ μ†Œλ…„λ“€ λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ 면접을 λ΄€κ³ ,
03:59
They were given medical exams.
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μ˜λ£Œκ²€μ§„μ„ λ°›μ•˜μœΌλ©°,
04:01
We went to their homes and we interviewed their parents.
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μ—°κ΅¬μžλ“€μ΄ 가정에 λ°©λ¬Έν•΄ λΆ€λͺ¨λ‹˜μ„ μΈν„°λ·°ν•˜κΈ°λ„ ν–ˆμ£ .
04:05
And then these teenagers grew up into adults
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그리고 이 μ†Œλ…„λ“€μ€ μžλΌμ„œ
04:07
who entered all walks of life.
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λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 직업을 가진 성인이 λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:10
They became factory workers and lawyers and bricklayers and doctors,
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그듀은 곡μž₯ 인뢀, λ³€ν˜Έμ‚¬, 벽돌곡, μ˜μ‚¬κ°€ λ˜μ—ˆκ³ ,
04:16
one President of the United States.
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κ·Έ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ” λ―Έκ΅­ λŒ€ν†΅λ Ήμ΄ λμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:20
Some developed alcoholism. A few developed schizophrenia.
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λͺ‡ λͺ…은 μ•Œμ½”μ˜¬ 쀑독이 λ˜μ—ˆκ³ , λͺ‡ λͺ…은 정신뢄열증을 μ–»μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:25
Some climbed the social ladder
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λͺ‡ λͺ…은 μ‹ λΆ„μƒμŠΉμ— 성곡해
04:27
from the bottom all the way to the very top,
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μ‚¬νšŒμ˜ κ°€μž₯ λ°‘λ°”λ‹₯μ—μ„œ 맨 κΌ­λŒ€κΈ°κΉŒμ§€ μ˜¬λΌκ°”μœΌλ©°,
04:30
and some made that journey in the opposite direction.
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λͺ‡ λͺ…은 그와 μ •λ°˜λŒ€μ˜ 인생길을 κ±Έμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:35
The founders of this study
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이 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ μ„€λ¦½μžλ“€μ€
04:38
would never in their wildest dreams
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κΏˆμ—λ„ μƒμƒν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν–ˆμ„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:40
have imagined that I would be standing here today, 75 years later,
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75년이 μ§€λ‚œ 였늘 μ œκ°€ 이 μžλ¦¬μ— μ„œμ„œ
04:45
telling you that the study still continues.
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κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 연ꡬ가 아직도 κ³„μ†λ˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€λŠ” μ–˜κΈ°λ₯Ό ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ„ κ±°λΌκ³ λŠ” 말이죠.
04:49
Every two years, our patient and dedicated research staff
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2λ…„λ§ˆλ‹€ 끈기 있고 ν—Œμ‹ μ μΈ 연ꡬ원듀은
04:52
calls up our men and asks them if we can send them
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연ꡬ λŒ€μƒλ“€μ—κ²Œ 연락해 인생에 κ΄€ν•œ 일련의 섀문에
04:56
yet one more set of questions about their lives.
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응닡해 쀄 수 μžˆλŠ”μ§€ λ¬»μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:00
Many of the inner city Boston men ask us,
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λ³΄μŠ€ν„΄ 도심 λΉˆλ―Όκ°€μ˜ 남성듀은 자주 μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ¬»μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:03
"Why do you keep wanting to study me? My life just isn't that interesting."
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"μ™œ λ‚  계속 μ—°κ΅¬ν•˜λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆκΉŒ? λ‚΄ 인생은 λ³„λ‘œ μž¬λ―Έλ„ μ—†λŠ”λ°."
05:08
The Harvard men never ask that question.
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ν•˜λ²„λ“œλŒ€μƒλ“€μ€ μ ˆλŒ€ 그런 μ§ˆλ¬Έμ„ μ•ˆν•΄μš”.
05:11
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
05:20
To get the clearest picture of these lives,
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κ·Έλ“€ 인생을 λͺ…ν™•ν•˜κ²Œ νŒŒμ•…ν•˜λ €λ©΄
05:23
we don't just send them questionnaires.
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μ„€λ¬Έμ§€λ§Œ λ³΄λ‚΄μ„œλŠ” μ•ˆ 되겠죠.
05:26
We interview them in their living rooms.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ—°κ΅¬λŒ€μƒμ„ μ°Ύμ•„κ°€ 인터뷰도 ν•˜κ³ ,
05:29
We get their medical records from their doctors.
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μ£ΌμΉ˜μ˜λ‘œλΆ€ν„° 의료 기둝을 λ°›κ³ ,
05:32
We draw their blood, we scan their brains,
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ν”Όλ₯Ό 뽑고 λ‡Œλ₯Ό μ΄¬μ˜ν•˜κΈ°λ„ ν•˜λ©°,
05:34
we talk to their children.
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κ·Έλ“€μ˜ μžλ…€μ™€ 이야기λ₯Ό λ‚˜λˆ„κ³ ,
05:36
We videotape them talking with their wives about their deepest concerns.
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아내와 μ‹¬κ°ν•œ κ³ λ―Ό μ–˜κΈ°λ₯Ό ν•˜λŠ” κ·Έλ“€μ˜ λͺ¨μŠ΅μ„ μ΄¬μ˜ν•˜κΈ°λ„ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:41
And when, about a decade ago, we finally asked the wives
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그리고 μ•½ 10λ…„ μ „, μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ—°κ΅¬λŒ€μƒμ˜ μ•„λ‚΄λ“€μ—κ²Œ
05:45
if they would join us as members of the study,
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연ꡬ에 μ°Έμ—¬ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šκ² λƒκ³  λ¬Όμ—ˆλ”λ‹ˆ,
05:47
many of the women said, "You know, it's about time."
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λ§Žμ€ 여성듀이 λŒ€λ‹΅ν•˜κΈ°λ₯Ό "그럴 λ•Œλ„ 됐죠."
05:50
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
05:51
So what have we learned?
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 무엇을 λ°°μ› μ„κΉŒμš”?
05:53
What are the lessons that come from the tens of thousands of pages
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ§€κΈˆκΉŒμ§€ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄ λ‚Έ 이 수만 νŽ˜μ΄μ§€ 짜리의
05:58
of information that we've generated
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인생 데이터λ₯Ό 톡해 무엇을 λ°°μ› μ„κΉŒμš”?
06:01
on these lives?
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06:03
Well, the lessons aren't about wealth or fame or working harder and harder.
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이 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ κ΅ν›ˆμ€ λΆ€λ‚˜ λͺ…μ˜ˆ, ν˜Ήμ€ μ—΄μ‹¬νžˆ λ…Έλ ₯ν•˜λŠ” 데 μžˆμ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:10
The clearest message that we get from this 75-year study is this:
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75λ…„ κ°„μ˜ μ—°κ΅¬μ—μ„œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 얻은 κ°€μž₯ λΆ„λͺ…ν•œ λ©”μ‹œμ§€λŠ”
06:16
Good relationships keep us happier and healthier. Period.
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쒋은 관계가 우리λ₯Ό κ±΄κ°•ν•˜κ³  ν–‰λ³΅ν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“ λ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:23
We've learned three big lessons about relationships.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 관계에 κ΄€ν•œ μ„Έ 가지 μ»€λ‹€λž€ κ΅ν›ˆμ„ μ–»μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:26
The first is that social connections are really good for us,
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μ²«μ§ΈλŠ” μ‚¬νšŒμ  연결은 μœ μ΅ν•˜λ˜
06:30
and that loneliness kills.
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고독은 ν•΄λ‘­λ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:33
It turns out that people who are more socially connected
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연ꡬ κ²°κ³Ό κ°€μ‘±, 친ꡬ, κ³΅λ™μ²΄μ™€μ˜
06:37
to family, to friends, to community,
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μ‚¬νšŒμ  연결이 더 κΈ΄λ°€ν• μˆ˜λ‘
06:40
are happier, they're physically healthier, and they live longer
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더 ν–‰λ³΅ν•˜κ³ , μ‹ μ²΄μ μœΌλ‘œλ„ κ±΄κ°•ν•˜λ©°, 더 였래 μ‚¬λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:45
than people who are less well connected.
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κΈ΄λ°€ν•œ μ‚¬νšŒμ  연결이 λΆ€μ‘±ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€λ³΄λ‹€ 말이죠.
06:48
And the experience of loneliness turns out to be toxic.
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λ˜ν•œ 고독은 맀우 μœ ν•΄ν•œ κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ“œλŸ¬λ‚¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:51
People who are more isolated than they want to be from others
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λ‹€λ₯Έ μ΄λ“€λ‘œλΆ€ν„° μžμ‹ μ΄ μ›ν•˜λŠ” 것 μ΄μƒμœΌλ‘œ κ³ λ¦½λ˜μ–΄ μžˆλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€
06:57
find that they are less happy,
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행볡감을 덜 λŠλ‚„ 뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ,
07:00
their health declines earlier in midlife,
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쀑년기에 건강이 더 빨리 μ•…ν™”λ˜κ³ ,
07:03
their brain functioning declines sooner
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λ‡Œ κΈ°λŠ₯이 일찍 μ €ν•˜λ˜λ©°,
07:05
and they live shorter lives than people who are not lonely.
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외둭지 μ•Šμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€λ³΄λ‹€ 수λͺ…이 μ§§μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:10
And the sad fact is that at any given time,
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μŠ¬ν”ˆ 사싀은 μ–΄λŠ μ‹œκΈ°λ₯Ό μ‘°μ‚¬ν•˜λ“ μ§€ 간에
07:13
more than one in five Americans will report that they're lonely.
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미ꡭ인 λ‹€μ„― λͺ… 쀑 ν•œ λͺ… 이상은 μ™Έλ‘­λ‹€κ³  λ‹΅ν•˜λ¦¬λΌλŠ” 것이죠.
07:19
And we know that you can be lonely in a crowd
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ꡰ쀑 μ†μ—μ„œλ„ 고독할 수 있고
07:21
and you can be lonely in a marriage,
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κ²°ν˜Όμ„ 해도 고독할 수 μžˆμŒμ„ 잘 μ••λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:24
so the second big lesson that we learned
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 얻은 두 번째 μ»€λ‹€λž€ κ΅ν›ˆμ€
07:26
is that it's not just the number of friends you have,
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μΉœκ΅¬κ°€ μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ λ§Žμ€κ°€,
07:29
and it's not whether or not you're in a committed relationship,
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μ•ˆμ •μ μ΄κ³  곡인된 관계λ₯Ό κ°–κ³  μžˆλŠ”κ°€κ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ,
07:33
but it's the quality of your close relationships that matters.
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κ΄€κ³„μ˜ 질이 무엇보닀 μ€‘μš”ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:38
It turns out that living in the midst of conflict is really bad for our health.
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κ°ˆλ“± μ†μ—μ„œ μ‚¬λŠ” 것은 우리 λͺΈμ— μ•„μ£Ό λ‚˜μœ κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ°ν˜€μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:43
High-conflict marriages, for example, without much affection,
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄, μ• μ • 없이 κ°ˆλ“±λ§Œ μž¦μ€ κ²°ν˜Όμ€
07:47
turn out to be very bad for our health, perhaps worse than getting divorced.
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μ–΄μ©Œλ©΄ μ΄ν˜Όλ³΄λ‹€λ„ 더 건강에 ν•΄λ‘œμšΈ 수 μžˆλ‹€κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:53
And living in the midst of good, warm relationships is protective.
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반면 λ°”λžŒμ§ν•˜κ³  λ”°λœ»ν•œ κ΄€κ³„λŠ” 건강을 μ§€μΌœ μ£Όμ§€μš”.
07:57
Once we had followed our men all the way into their 80s,
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μ—°κ΅¬λŒ€μƒ λ‚¨μ„±λ“€μ˜ 인생을 80λŒ€κΉŒμ§€ 따라가 λ³Έ λ’€,
08:01
we wanted to look back at them at midlife
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κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 쀑년을 λ˜λŒμ•„λ³΄λ©΄μ„œ
08:04
and to see if we could predict
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미리 μ˜ˆμΈ‘ν•΄ 보렀 ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:05
who was going to grow into a happy, healthy octogenarian
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이 쀑에 κ±΄κ°•ν•˜κ³  ν–‰λ³΅ν•œ 80λŒ€κ°€ 될 μ‚¬λžŒμ€ λˆ„κ΅¬μ΄κ³ 
08:09
and who wasn't.
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그렇지 μ•Šμ€ 건 λˆ„κ΅¬μΌκΉŒ?
08:11
And when we gathered together everything we knew about them
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50λŒ€μ˜ 그듀에 κ΄€ν•΄ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ•„λŠ” λͺ¨λ“  것을 μ’…ν•©ν•΄ λ³Έ κ²°κ³Ό
08:15
at age 50,
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08:18
it wasn't their middle age cholesterol levels
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μ€‘λ…„κΈ°μ˜ μ½œλ ˆμŠ€ν…Œλ‘€ μˆ˜μΉ˜λŠ”
08:20
that predicted how they were going to grow old.
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λ…Έλ…„μ˜ 인생과 관계가 μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:23
It was how satisfied they were in their relationships.
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μ€‘μš”ν•œ 건 그듀이 μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ 만쑱슀러운 관계λ₯Ό λ§Ίκ³  μžˆλŠλƒμ˜€μ£ .
08:27
The people who were the most satisfied in their relationships at age 50
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50세에 관계에 λŒ€ν•œ λ§Œμ‘±λ„κ°€ κ°€μž₯ λ†’μ•˜λ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
08:31
were the healthiest at age 80.
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80세에 κ°€μž₯ κ±΄κ°•ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:35
And good, close relationships seem to buffer us
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λ°”λžŒμ§ν•˜κ³  μΉœλ°€ν•œ 관계가
λ‚˜μ΄ λ¨ΉλŠ” κ³ ν†΅μ˜ μ™„μΆ©μ œ 역할을 ν•΄ μ£ΌλŠ” μ…ˆμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:38
from some of the slings and arrows of getting old.
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08:42
Our most happily partnered men and women
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우리의 μ—°κ΅¬λŒ€μƒ 쀑 κ°€μž₯ 배우자 λ§Œμ‘±λ„κ°€ λ†’μ•˜λ˜
08:46
reported, in their 80s,
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남녀 80λŒ€μ— μ§„ν–‰ν•œ μ„€λ¬Έμ—μ„œ
08:48
that on the days when they had more physical pain,
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신체적인 고톡이 μ‹¬ν•œ 날에도
08:51
their mood stayed just as happy.
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λ§ˆμŒμ€ ν–‰λ³΅ν•˜λ‹€κ³  λ‹΅ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:54
But the people who were in unhappy relationships,
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반면 λΆˆν–‰ν•œ 관계λ₯Ό λ§Ίκ³  있던 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€
08:57
on the days when they reported more physical pain,
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신체적인 고톡이 μ‹¬ν•œ λ‚ μ—λŠ”
09:00
it was magnified by more emotional pain.
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κ·Έ 고톡이 감정적인 고톡에 μ˜ν•΄ λ”μš± κ·ΉλŒ€ν™”λœλ‹€κ³  λ‹΅ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:04
And the third big lesson that we learned about relationships and our health
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관계와 건강에 κ΄€ν•΄ 배운 μ„Έ 번째 μ»€λ‹€λž€ κ΅ν›ˆμ€
09:08
is that good relationships don't just protect our bodies,
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쒋은 κ΄€κ³„λŠ” 우리의 λͺΈλΏλ§Œ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
09:12
they protect our brains.
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λ‡Œλ„ λ³΄ν˜Έν•΄ μ€€λ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:14
It turns out that being in a securely attached relationship
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연ꡬ 결과에 λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄ μ• μ°©μœΌλ‘œ λ‹¨λ‹¨νžˆ μ—°κ²°λœ 관계λ₯Ό 가진 80λŒ€λŠ”
09:19
to another person in your 80s is protective,
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그렇지 μ•Šμ€ 80λŒ€λ³΄λ‹€ 더 κ±΄κ°•ν•˜λ©°,
09:23
that the people who are in relationships
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관계λ₯Ό λ§Ίκ³  μžˆλŠ” μƒλŒ€λ°©μ΄
09:25
where they really feel they can count on the other person in times of need,
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μžμ‹ λ“€μ΄ νž˜λ“€ λ•Œλ©΄ μ˜μ§€κ°€ λ˜μ–΄μ€„ 거라고 μ—¬κΈ°λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€
09:29
those people's memories stay sharper longer.
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그렇지 μ•Šμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€λ³΄λ‹€ κΈ°μ–΅λ ₯이 더 μ„ λͺ…ν•˜κ³  였래 κ°„λ‹€κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:32
And the people in relationships
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반면 관계λ₯Ό λ§Ίκ³  μžˆλŠ” μƒλŒ€λ°©μ΄
09:34
where they feel they really can't count on the other one,
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μ˜μ§€κ°€ λ˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€κ³  λŠλΌλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€
09:37
those are the people who experience earlier memory decline.
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보닀 λΉ λ₯Έ κΈ°μ–΅λ ₯ 감퇴λ₯Ό λ³΄μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:42
And those good relationships, they don't have to be smooth all the time.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬ν•œ 쒋은 관계가 μ–Έμ œλ‚˜ μ›λ§Œν•  ν•„μš”λŠ” μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:46
Some of our octogenarian couples could bicker with each other
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우리의 μ—°κ΅¬λŒ€μƒμΈ 80λŒ€ λΆ€λΆ€ 쀑 λͺ‡λͺ‡μ€
09:49
day in and day out,
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ν—ˆκ΅¬ν•œ λ‚  λ‹€ν‰œμ§€λ§Œ,
09:51
but as long as they felt that they could really count on the other
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νž˜λ“  일이 μžˆμ„ λ•Œ μ„œλ‘œκ°€ μ˜μ§€κ°€ λ˜μ–΄μ€„ 거라고
09:54
when the going got tough,
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그듀이 λ―Ώκ³  μžˆλŠ” ν•œ,
09:56
those arguments didn't take a toll on their memories.
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그런 λ‹€νˆΌμ€ κ·Έλ“€μ˜ κΈ°μ–΅λ ₯에 큰 타격을 주지 μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:01
So this message,
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ λ©”μ‹œμ§€,
10:04
that good, close relationships are good for our health and well-being,
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즉 μΉœλ°€ν•˜κ³  쒋은 관계가 건강과 행볡에 μ΄λ‘­λ‹€λŠ” λ©”μ‹œμ§€λŠ”
10:10
this is wisdom that's as old as the hills.
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μ˜›λ‚  μ˜›μ λΆ€ν„° λ‚΄λ €μ˜€λ˜ μ§€ν˜œμ£ .
10:13
Why is this so hard to get and so easy to ignore?
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그런데 μ™œ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ κΉ¨λ‹«κΈ°λŠ” μ–΄λ ΅κ³  μžŠμ–΄λ²„λ¦¬κΈ°λŠ” μ‰¬μšΈκΉŒμš”?
10:17
Well, we're human.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μΈκ°„μ΄λ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
10:19
What we'd really like is a quick fix,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λΉ λ₯Έ 해결책을 λ„ˆλ¬΄λ‚˜ μ’‹μ•„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:21
something we can get
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손에 넣을 수 μžˆλŠ” 것,
10:23
that'll make our lives good and keep them that way.
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우리 삢을 κ³„μ†ν•΄μ„œ ν–‰λ³΅ν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ€„ 것을 μ›ν•˜μ£ .
10:27
Relationships are messy and they're complicated
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관계 λ§ΊκΈ°λž€ 골치 μ•„ν”„κ³  λ³΅μž‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:30
and the hard work of tending to family and friends,
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그리고 κ°€μ‘±κ³Ό 친ꡬλ₯Ό μ—΄μ‹¬νžˆ μ±™κΈ°λŠ” 건
10:34
it's not sexy or glamorous.
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맀λ ₯μ μ΄κ±°λ‚˜ 멋진 일도 μ•„λ‹ˆμž–μ•„μš”.
10:37
It's also lifelong. It never ends.
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κ²Œλ‹€κ°€ 이건 평생 λ™μ•ˆ κ³„μ†λ˜κ³ , 끝이 μ—†μ£ .
10:40
The people in our 75-year study who were the happiest in retirement
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75λ…„ κ°„μ˜ 연ꡬ κ°€μš΄λ°μ„œ 은퇴 ν›„ κ°€μž₯ ν–‰λ³΅ν–ˆλ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€
10:45
were the people who had actively worked to replace workmates with new playmates.
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직μž₯ λ™λ£Œμ™€ μΉœκ΅¬κ°€ 되기 μœ„ν•΄ 적극적으둜 λ…Έλ ₯ν–ˆλ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:51
Just like the millennials in that recent survey,
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λ°€λ ˆλ‹ˆμ–Ό μ„ΈλŒ€κ°€ 졜근 μ„€λ¬Έμ—μ„œ λ‹΅ν–ˆλ˜ κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ
10:54
many of our men when they were starting out as young adults
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우리의 μ—°κ΅¬λŒ€μƒλ“€λ„ μ Šμ€ μ‹œμ ˆμ—λŠ” λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„
10:58
really believed that fame and wealth and high achievement
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뢀와 λͺ…μ„±, 높은 μ„±μ·¨λ₯Ό μΆ”κ΅¬ν•΄μ•Όλ§Œ
11:02
were what they needed to go after to have a good life.
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쒋은 삢을 μ‚΄ 수 있으리라고 μ§„μ‹¬μœΌλ‘œ λ―Ώμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:06
But over and over, over these 75 years, our study has shown
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 75λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” κ±°λ“­ν•΄μ„œ λ³΄μ—¬μ£Όμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:10
that the people who fared the best were the people who leaned in to relationships,
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κ°€μž₯ ν–‰λ³΅ν•œ 삢을 μ‚° μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 그듀이 μ˜μ§€ν• 
11:16
with family, with friends, with community.
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κ°€μ‘±κ³Ό μΉœκ΅¬μ™€ 곡동체가 μžˆλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄μ—ˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμ„μš”.
11:21
So what about you?
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ μ–΄λ–»μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
11:23
Let's say you're 25, or you're 40, or you're 60.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ 25살이라고 ν•  λ•Œ, ν˜Ήμ€ 40μ‚΄μ΄λ‚˜ 60살이라고 ν•  λ•Œ
11:27
What might leaning in to relationships even look like?
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관계에 곡을 λ“€μΈλ‹€λŠ” 건 μ–΄λ–€ 것이라고 μƒκ°ν•˜μ‹œλ‚˜μš”?
11:31
Well, the possibilities are practically endless.
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κ°€λŠ₯성은 사싀상 끝이 μ—†κ² μ£ .
11:35
It might be something as simple as replacing screen time with people time
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λ‹¨μˆœν•˜κ²ŒλŠ” 화면을 μ³λ‹€λ³΄λŠ” μ‹œκ°„μ„ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€κ³Ό λ³΄λ‚΄λŠ” μ‹œκ°„μœΌλ‘œ λ°”κΎΌλ‹€κ±°λ‚˜
11:41
or livening up a stale relationship by doing something new together,
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였래 κ±·κΈ°λ‚˜ λ°€ 데이트 같은 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μ‹œλ„λ₯Ό ν•¨κ»˜ ν•΄ λ³΄λ©΄μ„œ
11:46
long walks or date nights,
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μ§„λΆ€ν•œ 관계에 ν™œλ ₯을 μ€˜λ³Έλ‹€κ±°λ‚˜
11:49
or reaching out to that family member who you haven't spoken to in years,
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λͺ‡ λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ λŒ€ν™”κ°€ 끊긴 κ°€μ‘±μ—κ²Œ 연락을 ν•΄ λ³Ό μˆ˜λ„ 있겠죠.
11:54
because those all-too-common family feuds
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λˆ„κ΅¬λ‚˜ ν•˜λ‚˜μ”© 가지고 μžˆλŠ” κ°€μ‘±κ°„μ˜ λΆˆν™”λŠ”
11:57
take a terrible toll
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그둜 인해 ν•œμ„ ν’ˆμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ
12:00
on the people who hold the grudges.
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μ»€λ‹€λž€ 손싀을 μž…νžˆκ²Œ λ§ˆλ ¨μ΄λ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
12:04
I'd like to close with a quote from Mark Twain.
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마크 νŠΈμ›¨μΈμ˜ 말을 μΈμš©ν•˜λ©° 강연을 λ§ˆλ¬΄λ¦¬ν•˜κ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:09
More than a century ago,
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ν•œ 세기도 더 전에
12:11
he was looking back on his life,
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마크 νŠΈμ›¨μΈμ€ 그의 삢을 λŒμ•„λ³΄λ©° μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ μΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:14
and he wrote this:
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12:16
"There isn't time, so brief is life,
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"μ‹œκ°„μ΄ μ—†λ‹€. 인생은 짧기에,
12:20
for bickerings, apologies, heartburnings, callings to account.
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λ‹€νˆ¬κ³  μ‚¬κ³Όν•˜κ³  κ°€μŠ΄μ•“μ΄ν•˜κ³  ν•΄λͺ…을 μš”κ΅¬ν•  μ‹œκ°„μ΄ μ—†λ‹€.
12:26
There is only time for loving,
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였직 μ‚¬λž‘ν•  μ‹œκ°„λ§Œμ΄ μžˆμ„ 뿐이며
12:29
and but an instant, so to speak, for that."
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그것도 μˆœκ°„μΌ 뿐이닀."
12:34
The good life is built with good relationships.
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쒋은 삢은 쒋은 관계가 λ§Œλ“­λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:39
Thank you.
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:40
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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