Why we have too few women leaders | Sheryl Sandberg

3,894,831 views ใƒป 2010-12-21

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: HyunMin Lee ๊ฒ€ํ† : Yenah Lee
์ž ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ด ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ์˜ค์…จ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
00:16
So for any of us in this room today, let's start out by admitting we're lucky.
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์šฐ์„  ์ €๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์ด ์šด์ด ์ข‹์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด๋ž€ ๊ฑธ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•ด์š”.
00:20
We don't live in the world our mothers lived in,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ ํ˜น์€ ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ ์„ธ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์‚ด๋˜
์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์˜ ์ง์—… ์„ ํƒ์ด ์•„์ฃผ ํ•œ์ •์ ์ด์—ˆ๋˜
00:23
our grandmothers lived in,
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00:24
where career choices for women were so limited.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์„ธ์ƒ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ง€์š”.
00:27
And if you're in this room today,
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๋˜ํ•œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ด ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ๊ณ„์‹œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
00:29
most of us grew up in a world where we have basic civil rights,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ๋ฏผ๊ถŒ์ด ๋ณด์žฅ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์—์„œ
์ž๋ž๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฉ์ฆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:34
and amazingly, we still live in a world where some women don't have them.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š”
์•„์ง๋„ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ˆ„๋ฆฌ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
00:38
But all that aside, we still have a problem,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฑธ ์ฐจ์น˜ํ•˜๊ณ ์„œ๋ผ๋„, ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ •๋ง ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:41
and it's a real problem.
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00:42
And the problem is this:
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๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ญ๋ƒ๊ตฌ์š”? ๋ฐ”๋กœ...
00:44
Women are not making it to the top of any profession
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์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ
๊ณ ์œ„์ธต์œผ๋กœ ์ง„์ถœํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:48
anywhere in the world.
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์ง์—…, ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ง‰๋ก ํ•˜๊ณ ์„œ์š”.
00:50
The numbers tell the story quite clearly.
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์ˆซ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด ํ™•์—ฐํžˆ ๋Š๋ผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:52
190 heads of state -- nine are women.
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190๊ฐœ์˜ ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ์›์ˆ˜ ์ค‘
๊ณ ์ž‘ 9๋ช…๋งŒ์ด ์—ฌ์„ฑ ์ง€๋„์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:56
Of all the people in parliament in the world,
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ๊ตญํšŒ์˜์›๋“ค ์ค‘ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„์œจ์€
00:58
13 percent are women.
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13ํผ์„ผํŠธ์ด๊ตฌ์š”.
๋ฒ•์ธ๋‹จ์ฒด์—์„œ,
01:01
In the corporate sector, women at the top,
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๊ณ ์œ„์ง, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊น
01:03
C-level jobs, board seats --
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์ตœ๊ณ ๊ฒฝ์˜์ž ํ˜น์€ ์ด์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ ์š”์ง์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋น„์œจ์€
01:06
tops out at 15, 16 percent.
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15~16 ํผ์„ผํŠธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:09
The numbers have not moved since 2002
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋“ค ์ˆ˜์น˜๋Š” ์ง€๋‚œ 2002๋…„ ์ดํ›„๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ•จ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ์•ˆ ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ํ˜๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:12
and are going in the wrong direction.
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01:14
And even in the non-profit world,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์†Œ์œ„ ๋น„์˜๋ฆฌ ์žฌ๋‹จ,๋‹จ์ฒด๋“ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด
01:16
a world we sometimes think of as being led by more women,
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ฃผ๋„์˜ ํ˜„์žฅ์ด๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š”
๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ์กฐ์ฐจ
01:19
women at the top: 20 percent.
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์—ฌ์„ฑ์€ ์˜ค์ง 20 ํผ์„ผํŠธ๋งŒ์ด ๊ณ ์œ„์ธต์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์—ฌ์„ฑ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ์ง์—…์  ์„ฑ๊ณต๊ณผ ๊ฐœ์ธ์  ์„ฑ์ทจ๊ฐ
01:23
We also have another problem,
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01:24
which is that women face harder choices
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์ด ๋‘˜ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋งŒ์„ ์„ ํƒํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”
01:27
between professional success and personal fulfillment.
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๊ดด๋กœ์šด ์ฒ˜์ง€์— ๋†“์—ฌ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:30
A recent study in the U.S. showed that, of married senior managers,
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์ตœ๊ทผ์˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด
์ง์žฅ ๋‚ด ๊ธฐํ˜ผ์ธ ์ƒ์‚ฌ๋“ค ์ค‘
01:35
two-thirds of the married men had children
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๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 3๋ถ„์˜ 2๊ฐ€ ์ž๋…€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
01:38
and only one-third of the married women had children.
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์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ฒจ์šฐ 3๋ถ„์˜ 1๋งŒ์ด ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:41
A couple of years ago, I was in New York,
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๋ช‡ ๋…„ ์ „ ์ €๋Š” ๋‰ด์š•์—์„œ
01:43
and I was pitching a deal,
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๊ณ„์•ฝ๊ฑด์„ ํ˜‘์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:45
and I was in one of those fancy New York private equity offices
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ํ”ํžˆ ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜์‹œ๋“ฏ, ๋‰ด์š•์˜ ์œผ๋ฆฌ์œผ๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์„ธ๋ จ๋œ
๊ฐœ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์—์„œ์š”.
01:48
you can picture.
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์•„๋ฌดํŠผ ์žฅ์žฅ ์„ธ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๊ฑธ์นœ ๋ฏธํŒ…์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:50
And I'm in the meeting -- it's about a three-hour meeting --
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01:52
and two hours in, there needs to be that bio break,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‘ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์งธ ์ ‘์–ด๋“ค ๋ฌด๋ ต, ๋‹ค๋“ค ์ž ๊น ํ™”์žฅ์‹ค์„ ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
์ผ์–ด์„ฐ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
01:56
and everyone stands up,
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01:57
and the partner running the meeting starts looking really embarrassed.
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๊ทธ ํšŒ์˜๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์ตœํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋ถ„์ด
์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•œ ํ‘œ์ •์„ ์ง“๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
02:01
And I realized he doesn't know where the women's room is in his office.
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์ด์œ ์ธ ์ฆ‰์Šจ ์—ฌ์ž ํ™”์žฅ์‹ค์ด ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€
์ž์‹ ์ด ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค ์ฃผ์ธ์ด๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ๋ชฐ๋ž๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
02:05
So I start looking around for moving boxes,
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์ตœ๊ทผ์— ์ž…์ฃผํ–ˆ์Œ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ์ด์‚ฟ์ง ๋ฐ•์Šค๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด๋กœ
ํ™”์žฅ์‹ค์„ ์ฐพ์•„ ๋ณด์•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
02:08
figuring they just moved in, but I don't see any.
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02:10
And so I said, "Did you just move into this office?"
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์ฃ , "์•„ ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค ์ž…์ฃผ ํ•˜์…จ๋‚˜ ๋ณด๋„ค์š”?"
๊ทธ๋žฌ๋”๋‹ˆ ๊ทธ ๋ถ„์€. "์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ์ด์‚ฌ ์˜จ์ง€๋Š” ํ•œ ์ผ ๋…„ ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”." ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜์‹œ๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
02:14
And he said, "No, we've been here about a year."
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02:16
And I said, "Are you telling me that I am the only woman
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š”, "์•„๋‹ˆ ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ง€๊ธˆ
์ผ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ฏธํŒ…ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ค‘์—
02:21
to have pitched a deal in this office in a year?"
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์—ฌ์ž๋Š” ์ € ๋ฐ–์— ์—†์—ˆ๋‹จ ๋ง์”€์ด์„ธ์š”?" ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์ฃ .
02:24
And he looked at me, and he said,
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๊ทธ ๋ถ„์€ ์ €๋ฅผ ๋ณด์‹œ๋”๋‹ˆ ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์…จ์–ด์š”.
02:25
"Yeah. Or maybe you're the only one who had to go to the bathroom."
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"๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋„ค์š”, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ตณ์ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ํ™”์žฅ์‹ค์„ ์“ฐ๋ ค ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด์‹ ์ง€๋„..."
02:29
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
02:31
So the question is, how are we going to fix this?
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๊ณ ์น˜๋Š๋ƒ?
02:36
How do we change these numbers at the top?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ณ ์œ„์ธต์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ๋น„์œจ์„ ๋†’์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š๋ƒ?
์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š๋ƒ? ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:40
How do we make this different?
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02:42
I want to start out by saying, I talk about this --
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๊ทธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์œผ๋กœ
์šฐ์„ 
02:45
about keeping women in the workforce --
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:48
because I really think that's the answer.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์ด ์œ ์ผํ•œ ์ •๋‹ต์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:50
In the high-income part of our workforce,
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์ง์žฅ์˜ ๊ณ ์†Œ๋“์ธต ์ง์œ„๋‚˜
ํ˜น์€ ํฌ์ธˆ์ง€ ์„ ์ • 500๋ช…์˜ CEO
02:53
in the people who end up at the top --
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02:55
Fortune 500 CEO jobs, or the equivalent in other industries --
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๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ์™€ ์ค€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ง์œ„์—
๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๋…ผํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š”,
03:00
the problem, I am convinced, is that women are dropping out.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ฐฐ์ œ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ 
์ €๋Š” ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:03
Now people talk about this a lot,
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์š”์ฆ˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ด ์ œ์ฃผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๋งŽ์ด๋“ค ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ์š”
03:06
and they talk about things like flextime and mentoring
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๊ทธ๋Ÿด ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ๊ทผ๋ฌด ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ž์œ ์ œ๋‹ˆ ์ƒ๋‹ด์ด๋‹ˆ
์ œ๋„๋‹ˆ ๋”ฐ์œ„๋กœ ์ง์žฅ ๋‚ด ์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ต์œก์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์—ด๋ณ€์„ ํ† ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ,
03:09
and programs companies should have to train women.
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03:11
I want to talk about none of that today,
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:13
even though that's all really important.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:15
Today I want to focus on what we can do as individuals.
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๋‹ค๋งŒ ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ข€ ๋” ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:18
What are the messages we need to tell ourselves?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ณผ์—ฐ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋งํ•ด ์ฃผ์–ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
03:21
What are the messages we tell the women that work with and for us?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•˜๋Š”, ํ˜น์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋งํ•ด ์ฃผ์–ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
03:24
What are the messages we tell our daughters?
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๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋”ธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š”์š”?
03:26
Now, at the outset, I want to be very clear
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์šฐ์„  ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ง์”€์—” ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ํŽธ๊ฒฌ๋„
์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:29
that this speech comes with no judgments.
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03:31
I don't have the right answer.
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์ €๋Š” ์ •๋‹ต์„ ๋“œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:33
I don't even have it for myself.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ € ์ž์‹  ์กฐ์ฐจ ๊ทธ ์ •๋‹ต์„ ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:35
I left San Francisco, where I live, on Monday,
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์›”์š”์ผ, ์ด ๋Œ€ํšŒ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด
03:38
and I was getting on the plane for this conference.
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์ €๋Š” ์ƒŒํ”„๋ž€์‹œ์Šค์ฝ”์—์„œ ์ด๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ  ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์„ธ ์‚ด๋œ ์ œ ๋”ธ์„ ์œ ์น˜์›์— ๋ฐ๋ ค์ฃผ๊ณ  ๊ธธ์„ ๋‚˜์„ค ๋•Œ
03:41
And my daughter, who's three, when I dropped her off at preschool,
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๋”ธ์ด ์šธ๋ฉด์„œ ์ œ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์žก๊ณ ๋Š”
03:44
did that whole hugging-the-leg, crying, "Mommy, don't get on the plane" thing.
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"์—„๋งˆ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋งˆ, ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ ํƒ€์ง€๋งˆ." ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:47
This is hard. I feel guilty sometimes.
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ํž˜๋“  ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด์ฉ”๋•Œ๋Š” ์ฃ„์ฑ…๊ฐ๋งˆ์ € ๋“ค์ง€์š”.
03:50
I know no women,
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์–ด๋Š ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด๋ผ๊ณ 
03:52
whether they're at home or whether they're in the workforce,
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์ง‘์— ์žˆ๋“ , ์ง์žฅ์— ์žˆ๋“  ์ €์˜ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์„
์•ˆ๋Š๊ปด๋ณด์•˜์„๊นŒ์š”.
03:55
who don't feel that sometimes.
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03:56
So I'm not saying that staying in the workforce
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์˜ค๋กœ์ง€ ์ง์žฅ์—๋งŒ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์Ÿ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
03:59
is the right thing for everyone.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ๋‚˜ ๋Šฅ์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:01
My talk today is about what the messages are
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์ด ์ง์žฅ์— ๋จธ๋ฌด๋ฅด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ
04:04
if you do want to stay in the workforce,
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์›ํ• ๋•Œ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์กฐ์–ธ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:06
and I think there are three.
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ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ด์„œ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€๋ฐ์š”.
04:08
One, sit at the table.
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์ฒซ์งธ, ์ฑ…์ƒ์— ์•‰์•„๋ผ.
04:11
Two, make your partner a real partner.
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๋‘˜์งธ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ผ.
04:14
And three, don't leave before you leave.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์„ธ๋ฒˆ์งธ, ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋‘ฌ์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—” ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋‘์ง€ ๋ง๋ผ. ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์šฐ์„  ์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ, ์ฑ…์ƒ์— ์•‰์•„๋ผ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”.
04:19
Number one: sit at the table.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ช‡ ์ฃผ์ „ ํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ถ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
04:21
Just a couple weeks ago at Facebook,
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04:22
we hosted a very senior government official,
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์ •๋ถ€ ์ตœ๊ณ ์œ„๊ด€๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ดˆ์ฒญํ•ด,
04:25
and he came in to meet with senior execs
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์‹ค๋ฆฌ์ฝ˜ ๋ฐธ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฐ ๊ณ„์˜ ๊ณ ์œ„์ธ์‚ฌ๋“ค๊ณผ์˜
๋งŒ๋‚จ์„ ์ฃผ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:28
from around Silicon Valley.
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04:30
And everyone kind of sat at the table.
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๋ชจ๋‘๋“ค ์ฑ…์ƒ์— ์•‰์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:32
He had these two women who were traveling with him
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๊ทธ ๊ด€๋ฃŒ๋ถ„ ๊ณ์—๋Š” ์ด๋ฒˆ ์—ฌ์ •์— ๋™ํ–‰ํ•œ
04:35
pretty senior in his department,
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๋‘ ๋ถ„์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ๊ณ ์œ„๊ด€๋ฃŒ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:37
and I kind of said to them,
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋‘๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ์ฑ…์ƒ์— ์•‰์œผ๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ถŒํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
04:38
"Sit at the table. Come on, sit at the table,"
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04:40
and they sat on the side of the room.
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๊ทธ ๋‘๋ถ„์€ ํšŒ์˜์‹ค ๊ตฌ์„ ์ชฝ์— ์•‰์œผ์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:43
When I was in college, my senior year,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต 4ํ•™๋…„ ๋•Œ,
04:45
I took a course called European Intellectual History.
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์œ ๋Ÿฝ์ง€์„ฑ์‚ฌ๋ž€ ๊ณผ๋ชฉ์„ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ•ํ–ˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
04:48
Don't you love that kind of thing from college?
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๋Œ€ํ•™์˜ ๋‚ญ๋งŒ์ด๋ž€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ณผ๋ชฉ์ด ์•„๋‹๊นŒ์š”.
04:50
I wish I could do that now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ๋„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ตฐ์š”.
04:52
And I took it with my roommate, Carrie,
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๋‹น์‹œ ์ €๋Š” ์ œ ๋ฃธ๋ฉ”์ดํŠธ์˜€๋˜ ์ผ€๋ฆฌ์™€ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋“ค์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
04:54
who was then a brilliant literary student --
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์ผ€๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ •๋ง ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚œ ๋ฌธํ•™๋„์˜€์–ด์š”.
04:56
and went on to be a brilliant literary scholar --
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๊ทธ ํ›„ ๋”์šฑ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚œ ํ•™์ž๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณต๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์† ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ ๋‚จ๋™์ƒ...
04:59
and my brother -- smart guy,
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๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•œ ์• ์˜€์ฃ , ์ˆ˜๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜๊ณผ ํ•™์ƒ์ด์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
05:01
but a water-polo-playing pre-med,
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05:02
who was a sophomore.
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๊ทธ ๋‹น์‹œ 2ํ•™๋…„์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:04
The three of us take this class together.
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ €ํฌ ์…‹์ด์„œ ๊ทธ ๊ณผ๋ชฉ์„ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ˆ˜๊ฐ•ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:06
And then Carrie reads all the books in the original Greek and Latin,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ผ€๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค, ๋กœ๋งˆ ์›์„œ๋ฅผ
์ญ‰ ์ฝ๊ณ 
ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ๋„ ๊ฒฐ์„์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:11
goes to all the lectures.
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05:12
I read all the books in English
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์ €๋Š” ์˜์–ด๋กœ๋œ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ๊ณ 
05:14
and go to most of the lectures.
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์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋‹ค ์ฐธ์„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:16
My brother is kind of busy.
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์ œ ๋‚จ๋™์ƒ์€ ์ข€ ๋ฐ”๋นด๋‚˜๋ด์š”.
05:18
He reads one book of 12 and goes to a couple of lectures,
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๊ต๊ณผ์„œ 12๊ถŒ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋งŒ ์ฝ๊ณ 
์ˆ˜์—… ๋˜ํ•œ ํ•œ, ๋‘๋ฒˆ ๋ฐ–์— ๋‚˜๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:21
marches himself up to our room
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹œํ—˜์„ ๊ณ ์ž‘ ๋ฉฐ์น  ์•ž๋‘๊ณ ์„œ์•ผ ๋ถˆ์•ˆํ•ด์„œ
์ €ํฌ ๋ฐฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋ƒˆ์ฃ .
05:25
a couple days before the exam to get himself tutored.
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์ž ์ด์ œ ์ €ํฌ ์…‹์€ ์‹œํ—˜์„ ๋ณด๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
The three of us go to the exam together, and we sit down.
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05:30
And we sit there for three hours --
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๊ฑฐ์˜ ์„ธ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋™์•ˆ ๊ผผ์ง ์•‰๊ณ  ์•‰์•„ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ–‡์ฃ .
์ž‘์€ ํŒŒ๋ž€์ƒ‰ ๊ณต์ฑ…๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜,,, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ์ข€ ๋งŽ์ฃ .
05:33
and our little blue notebooks -- yes, I'm that old.
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05:35
We walk out, we look at each other, and we say, "How did you do?"
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์‹œํ—˜์„ ๋งˆ์น˜๊ณ  ๋‚˜์˜ค๋ฉด์„œ ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด์„œ "์‹œํ—˜ ์ž˜๋ดค์–ด?"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์ฃ .
05:38
And Carrie says, "Boy, I feel like I didn't really draw out the main point
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์ผ€๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งํ•˜๊ธธ, "๊ธ€์Ž„, ํ—ค๊ฒ” ๋ณ€์ฆ๋ฒ•์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์„ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ
๋ชป์žก์•„ ๋‚ธ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„."๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
05:42
on the Hegelian dialectic."
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05:43
And I say, "God, I really wish I had really connected
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์ €๋Š” "์•„, ์ง„์งœ ์‚ฌ์œ ์žฌ์‚ฐ๋ก ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ์ฒ ํ•™์ž๋“คํ•˜๊ณ 
05:46
John Locke's theory of property with the philosophers that follow."
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ๋“  ์—ฎ์–ด๋‹ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ข‹์•˜์„๊นŒ!" ๋ผ๊ณ  ํƒ„์‹ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
05:49
And my brother says,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์ž ์ œ ๋™์ƒ์€ ๋งํ•˜๊ธธ,
05:51
"I got the top grade in the class."
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"๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ˜์—์„œ ์ผ๋“ฑ์ด์•ผ."
05:53
(Laughter)
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05:55
"You got the top grade in the class?
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"๋ญ? ๋„ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ˜์—์„œ ์ผ๋“ฑ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ?"
05:57
You don't know anything."
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"๋„ˆ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋Š”๊ฒŒ ๋ญ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ ."
05:59
(Laughter)
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06:00
The problem with these stories is that they show what the data shows:
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์ด์ƒ ๋ง์”€ ๋“œ๋ฆฐ ์ €์˜ ์ž‘์€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ดํฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์€
๋ฐ”๋กœ ํ˜„์žฌ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ๋‹จ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:05
women systematically underestimate their own abilities.
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์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ์ œ๋„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์— ๋น„ํ•ด์„œ ๊ณผ์†Œํ‰๊ฐ€๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„์š”.
06:08
If you test men and women,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚จ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์„ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋กœ
06:10
and you ask them questions on totally objective criteria like GPAs,
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์ •๋ง ๊ฐ๊ด€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์งœ์—ฌ์ง„ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ’€๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ,
06:13
men get it wrong slightly high,
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๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์˜ค๋‹ต์˜ ํ™•๋ฅ ์ด ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋†’๊ณ ,
06:15
and women get it wrong slightly low.
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์—ฌ์„ฑ์€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋‚ฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:18
Women do not negotiate for themselves in the workforce.
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์—ฌ์„ฑ์€ ์ง์žฅ์—์„œ ์ข€์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ˜‘์ƒ์˜ ํƒœ๋„๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:21
A study in the last two years
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๊ฐ“ ๋Œ€ํ•™์„ ์กธ์—…ํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ ์ดˆ๋…„์ƒ์„
06:23
of people entering the workforce out of college
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์ƒ๋Œ€๋กœ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•œ ์ง€๋‚œ 2๋…„๊ฐ„์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋‹ˆ
06:25
showed that 57 percent of boys entering, or men, I guess,
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57ํผ์„ผํŠธ์˜ ์†Œ๋…„๋“ค...
์•„๋‹ˆ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
06:30
are negotiating their first salary,
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์ฒซ ์—ฐ๋ด‰์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ํ˜‘์ƒ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:32
and only seven percent of women.
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์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ณ ์ž‘ 7ํผ์„ผํŠธ๋งŒ ํ˜‘์ƒ์„ ํ–ˆ๊ตฌ์š”.
06:35
And most importantly,
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€,
06:37
men attribute their success to themselves,
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๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์—…๋ฌด์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ณต์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ,
06:40
and women attribute it to other external factors.
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์—ฌ์„ฑ์€ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋กœ ์™ธ๋ถ€์  ์š”์ธ์— ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธด๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:43
If you ask men why they did a good job,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์€ ์—…๋ฌด์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ธ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋ƒ๊ณ  ๋ฌป๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด,
06:45
they'll say, "I'm awesome.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„, "์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚ด์ฃผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”."
06:48
Obviously. Why are you even asking?"
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"๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณผ ํ•„์š”๋„ ์—†๋Š”๊ฑธ ์™œ ๋ฌป๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์„ธ์š”?" ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ• ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:51
If you ask women why they did a good job,
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๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋กœ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌป๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด
06:53
what they'll say is someone helped them,
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ง์žฅ๋™๋ฃŒ์˜ ๋„์›€์ด ์ปธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
06:55
they got lucky, they worked really hard.
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์šด์ด๋‚˜ ์ข‹์•˜๊ณ  ๋˜ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผ์„ ํ•ด์„œ ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์„ ํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ํฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:57
Why does this matter?
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์ด ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ƒ๊ตฌ์š”?
06:59
Boy, it matters a lot.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋Š” ํฌ๋‹ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:01
Because no one gets to the corner office
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ชจํ‰์ด์˜ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์—์„œ
07:04
by sitting on the side, not at the table,
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ํƒ์ž๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์˜ ๊ตฌ์„์— ์•‰๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
07:06
and no one gets the promotion
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์ ˆ๋Œ€ ์Šน์ง„์€ ๋ฐ”๋ž„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์—†๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
07:08
if they don't think they deserve their success,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ๊ณ„์† ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณต์„ ๋ถ€์ •ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ•˜์ฐฎ๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊ณ 
07:11
or they don't even understand their own success.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ž์‹ ์ด ์„ฑ๊ณตํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์กฐ์ฐจ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด์š”.
ํ•ด๋‹ต์ด ์‰ฝ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ข‹๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ.
07:15
I wish the answer were easy.
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07:16
I wish I could go tell all the young women I work for,
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์ €๋„ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์‚ฌ์›๋“ค, ์ด ๋ฉ‹์ง€๊ณ  ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์žˆ๋Š”
์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฌ๋ ค๊ฐ€์„œ
07:19
these fabulous women,
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07:20
"Believe in yourself and negotiate for yourself.
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"์ž์‹ ์„ ๋ฏฟ๊ณ , ์ž์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ˜‘์ƒ์„ ํ•  ์ค„ ์•„๋Š” ์•ˆ๋ชฉ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์š”"
07:22
Own your own success."
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"์ž์‹ ๋งŒ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณต์„ ์Ÿ์ทจํ•˜์„ธ์š”" ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋งŒ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด์š”.
07:24
I wish I could tell that to my daughter.
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์ œ ๋”ธ์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ๊ฐ™์€ ์กฐ์–ธ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์–ด์š”.
07:27
But it's not that simple.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜์ง€ ๋งŒ์€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:29
Because what the data shows, above all else, is one thing,
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์ด์œ ๋Š” ๊ณ„์† ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฐ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ˆ˜์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:32
which is that success and likeability are positively correlated for men
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์„ฑ๊ณต๊ณผ ์„ฑ๊ณต ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด
์˜์‹ฌํ•  ๋ฐ” ์—†์ด ๋‚จ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ ํŽธํ–ฅ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:37
and negatively correlated for women.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์—ฌ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์•”์šธํ•˜๊ตฌ์š”.
07:39
And everyone's nodding, because we all know this to be true.
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๋ชจ๋‘๋“ค ๊ณ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋„๋•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ธด ๋ชฐ๋ผ๋„ ๋ชจ๋‘๋“ค ์ด ์š”์ธ๋งŒํผ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋ผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
07:43
There's a really good study that shows this really well.
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์ด ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ์•„์ฃผ ์ž˜ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด์ฃผ๋Š” ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
07:46
There's a famous Harvard Business School study
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ํ•˜๋ฐ”๋“œ ๋น„์ง€๋‹ˆ์Šค ์Šค์ฟจ์—์„œ ํ•˜์ด๋”” ๋กœ์ด์  ์ด๋ž€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ
07:48
on a woman named Heidi Roizen.
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์‹ค์‹œํ•œ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:50
And she's an operator in a company in Silicon Valley,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•˜์ด๋””์”จ๋Š” ์‹ค๋ฆฌ์ฝ˜ ๋ฐธ๋ฆฌ์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ
ํ•œ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ค‘์—ญ์ด๊ตฌ์š”.
07:54
and she uses her contacts
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋ถ„์€ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ๋ฒค์ณ ํˆฌ์ž์ž๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
07:56
to become a very successful venture capitalist.
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์—ฐ์ค„์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:59
In 2002 -- not so long ago --
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2002๋…„, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ๋˜์ง„ ์•Š์•˜์ฃ .
08:01
a professor who was then at Columbia University
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๋‹น์‹œ ์ฝœ๋Ÿผ๋น„์•„ ๋Œ€ํ•™์˜ ํ•œ ๊ต์ˆ˜๊ฐ€
08:03
took that case and made it [Howard] Roizen.
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์ด ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ์ง€์ผœ๋ณด๊ณ  ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์„ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ–ˆ์ฃ .
08:06
And he gave the case out, both of them, to two groups of students.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋‘ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋‰œ
ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐํฌํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
08:09
He changed exactly one word:
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ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋งŒ ๋ฐ”๊ฟจ์–ด์š”.
08:12
"Heidi" to "Howard."
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ํ•˜์ด๋””๋ฅผ ํ•˜์›Œ๋“œ๋กœ์š”.
08:14
But that one word made a really big difference.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ถˆ์–ด์ผ์œผ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:17
He then surveyed the students,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ต์ˆ˜๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์„ค๋ฌธ์„ ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
08:19
and the good news was the students, both men and women,
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์ข‹์€์†Œ์‹์€ ๋‚จ,์—ฌํ•™์ƒ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ•˜์ด๋””์™€ ํ•˜์›Œ๋“œ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค
08:22
thought Heidi and Howard were equally competent,
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๋™๋“ฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:24
and that's good.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง„ ์ข‹์ฃ .
08:26
The bad news was that everyone liked Howard.
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๋‚˜์œ์†Œ์‹์€, ๋ชจ๋“  ํ•™์ƒ์ด ํ•˜์›Œ๋“œ๋งŒ ์ข‹์•„ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:28
He's a great guy. You want to work for him.
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"์ •๋ง ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ฐ™์•„์š”, ๋ฐ‘์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ์ •๋„๋„ค์š”"
08:30
You want to spend the day fishing with him.
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"ํ•˜๋ฃจ์ข…์ผ ๊ทธ ๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚š์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์š”."
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ํ•˜์ด๋””์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š”? ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”. ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:33
But Heidi? Not so sure.
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08:34
She's a little out for herself. She's a little political.
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์ข€ ๋…๋‹จ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ด๊ธฐ์ ์ผ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”, ์ •์น˜์„ฑํ–ฅ๋„ ์ข€ ์…€๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๊ตฌ์š”.
08:37
You're not sure you'd want to work for her.
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๊ฐ™์ด ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์ƒ์‚ฌ์ธ์ง€๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์–ด์š”. ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:40
This is the complication.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฐ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:42
We have to tell our daughters and our colleagues,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋”ธ๊ณผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:44
we have to tell ourselves to believe we got the A,
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์•„๋‹ˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ๋„์š”, ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
์Šน์ง„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ํšŒ์˜์—์„œ ๋‹น๋‹นํžˆ ํƒ์ž์— ์•‰์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
08:47
to reach for the promotion, to sit at the table,
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์ž๊ฒฉ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ตฌ์š”.
08:50
and we have to do it in a world
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๋” ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€, ์•„์ง๋„
08:52
where, for them, there are sacrifices they will make for that,
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์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ, ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๋‚จ์žํ˜•์ œ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ์ž์‹ ์„ ํฌ์ƒํ•˜๋Š”
08:55
even though for their brothers, there are not.
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์„ธ์ƒ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ๋งํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:59
The saddest thing about all of this is that it's really hard to remember this.
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์Šฌํ”ˆ์ ์€ ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์žŠํ˜€์ง„๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:02
And I'm about to tell a story which is truly embarrassing for me,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ์ €๋ฅผ ์ •๋ง ๋ถ€๋„๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ผํ™” ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋“ค๋ ค ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ์ž ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:05
but I think important.
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์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:07
I gave this talk at Facebook not so long ago
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์–ผ๋งˆ ์ „ ์ €ํฌ ํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ถ ์ง์›๋“ค์„ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋กœ
09:10
to about 100 employees,
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๊ฐ™์€ ์ฃผ์ œ๋กœ ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์„ํ•œ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ช‡ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ํ›„, ์ œ ์ฑ…์ƒ ๊ฐ€ ์ชฝ์— ์•‰์•„ ์žˆ๋˜ ํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ถ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ง์›
09:13
and a couple hours later, there was a young woman who works there
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ํ•œ๋ช…์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
09:16
sitting outside my little desk, and she wanted to talk to me.
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์ €๋ž‘ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:19
I said, okay, and she sat down, and we talked.
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์ €๋Š” ์ข‹๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๊ณ , ์•‰์•„์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
09:21
And she said, "I learned something today.
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๊ทธ ๋ถ„์€, "์˜ค๋Š˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋ฐฐ์› ๋„ค์š”."
09:23
I learned that I need to keep my hand up."
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"์ด์   ์†์„ ๊ณ„์† ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„์š”." ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
"๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ด์ฃ ?" ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:26
"What do you mean?"
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09:27
She said, "You're giving this talk,
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ธธ, "๋ณด์„ธ์š”, ์•„๊นŒ ๊ฐ•์—ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด์„œ"
09:29
and you said you would take two more questions.
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"์ด์ œ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ๋งŒ ๋” ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ๋๋‚ด๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์…จ๋Š”๋ฐ"
09:31
I had my hand up with many other people,
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"์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง์›๋“คํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ™์ด ์†์„ ์˜ฌ๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ, ์งˆ๋ฌธ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์œผ์…จ์ฃ ."
09:33
and you took two more questions.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์†์„ ๋‚ด๋ ธ์–ด์š”, ์•„๋‹ˆ ๋ชจ๋“  ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ง์›๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค ๋‚ด๋ ธ์ฃ ."
09:35
I put my hand down, and I noticed all the women did the same,
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"์งˆ๋ฌธ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚ฌ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ๋„ ์†์„ ๋“  ๋‚จ์ž์ง์›๋“ค
09:38
and then you took more questions,
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์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋” ๋ฐ›์œผ์…จ์ฃ ."
09:40
only from the men."
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์ œ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ตํ•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
09:42
And I thought to myself,
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09:43
"Wow, if it's me -- who cares about this, obviously --
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ €๋ผ๋ฉด, ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ
09:46
giving this talk --
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๊ฐ•์—ฐํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๊ฑธ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์ด๋‚˜ ์ผ์„๊นŒ์š”.
09:48
and during this talk, I can't even notice that the men's hands are still raised,
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ฐ•์—ฐ ์ค‘, ์ €๋Š”
๋‚จ์ž์˜ ์†์ด ๊ณ„์† ์˜ฌ๋ ค์ ธ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ์ง€
09:54
and the women's hands are still raised,
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์ „ํ˜€ ๋ˆˆ์น˜์กฐ์ฐจ ๋ชป์ฑ„๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
09:56
how good are we
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ํ•œ ํšŒ์‚ฌ, ํ˜น์€ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์˜ ์š”์ง์— ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด์„œ
09:57
as managers of our companies and our organizations
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์€ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์ด ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ์Ÿ์ทจํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
10:00
at seeing that the men are reaching for opportunities
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ž˜ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”.
10:02
more than women?"
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์ด์   ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์„ ๊ตฌ์„์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
10:04
We've got to get women to sit at the table.
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ํƒ์ž์— ๋™๋“ฑํžˆ ์•‰ํ˜€์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:06
(Cheers)
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10:07
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ ์กฐ์–ธ์€
10:11
Message number two:
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10:12
Make your partner a real partner.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:14
I've become convinced that we've made more progress in the workforce
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ฐ€์ •์—์„œ ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ง์žฅ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์˜ ์ง„์ „๊ณผ ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ์ด๋ค˜๋‹ค๊ณ 
10:17
than we have in the home.
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:19
The data shows this very clearly.
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์ˆ˜์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋“ ๊ฑธ ๋งํ•ด์ฃผ์ฃ .
10:22
If a woman and a man work full-time and have a child,
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๋‚จํŽธ, ์•„๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ •๊ทœ์ง์ด๊ณ 
์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ •์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
10:26
the woman does twice the amount of housework the man does,
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์•„๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‚จํŽธ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‘ ๋ฐฐ์˜ ์–‘์— ๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ง‘์•ˆ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ ,
10:29
and the woman does three times the amount of childcare the man does.
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์„ธ ๋ฐฐ์˜ ์–‘์— ๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š”
์•„์ด ๋Œ๋ณด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:34
So she's got three jobs or two jobs, and he's got one.
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์•„๋‚ด๋Š” ์ง์—…์ด ์„ธ ๊ฐœ๋‚˜ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์ธ ์…ˆ์ด์ฃ .
๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋‚จํŽธ์€ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด๊ตฌ์š”.
10:38
Who do you think drops out when someone needs to be home more?
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์ง‘์— ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์ง„์ด ๋น ์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ์ชฝ์€ ์–ด๋””์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ์›์ธ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ณต์žกํ•ด์„œ
10:42
The causes of this are really complicated, and I don't have time to go into them.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ผ์ผํžˆ ๊ตฌ์„๊ตฌ์„ ๋”ฐ์ ธ๋ณด์ง„ ์•Š๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:45
And I don't think Sunday football-watching and general laziness is the cause.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ผ์š”์ผ์— ์ถ•๊ตฌ ์‹œ์ฒญ์ด๋‚˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ฒŒ์œผ๋ฆ„์ด
๊ทธ ์›์ธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€๋„ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:49
I think the cause is more complicated.
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๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ ธ๋“ฏ์ด, ๋” ๋ณต์žกํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ง„๋‹จํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋Š”
10:52
I think, as a society,
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10:53
we put more pressure on our boys to succeed
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๋‚จ์ž์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์ด ์„ฑ๊ณต์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์••๋ฐ•์„
10:55
than we do on our girls.
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์ง€์›Œ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:57
I know men that stay home
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ €๋„ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ์•„๋‚ด๋ฅผ
10:59
and work in the home to support wives with careers,
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๋‘๊ณ  ์ง‘์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์ •์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ „์—…์ฃผ๋ถ€ ๋…ธ๋ฆ‡์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚จ์ž๋“ค์„ ์•Œ์ง€์š”.
๋ฌผ๋ก  ํž˜๋“ค๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:02
and it's hard.
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11:03
When I go to the Mommy-and-Me stuff and I see the father there,
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์ € ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋„ ์•„์ด์™€ ๋†€๋Ÿฌ ๋†€์ดํ„ฐ์—๋ผ๋„ ๊ฐ€๋ฉด
์—„๋งˆ ๋Œ€์‹  ์•„๋น ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์žฅ๋ฉด๋„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ด์š”.
11:07
I notice that the other mommies don't play with him.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์—„๋งˆ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ ๋‚จ์ž๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ณ ๋Š”
์–ด์šธ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•Œ์•„์ฑ„์ฃ .
11:11
And that's a problem,
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๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:13
because we have to make it as important a job,
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์†์นญ ์ง‘์•ˆ์ผ์ด์•ผ ๋ง๋กœ ์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํž˜๋“ ์ผ์ด๊ธฐ์—
11:16
because it's the hardest job in the world to work inside the home,
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๊ทธ ์ผ์— ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ๊ธˆ ๋ถ€์—ฌ์—ฌ ํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
11:19
for people of both genders,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„์ • ๋‹น๋ฉดํ•œ ์ง์žฅ ๋‚ด ์—ฌ์„ฑ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ณ 
11:21
if we're going to even things out and let women stay in the workforce.
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๊ณ„์† ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ง„์ถœ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธธ ์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด์š”.
11:24
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
11:26
Studies show that households with equal earning
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์ˆ˜์ž…์ด ์—‡๋น„์Šทํ•˜๊ณ ,
11:28
and equal responsibility
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์ง‘์•ˆ์ผ์„ ํ‰๋“ฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ •์ผ์ˆ˜๋ก
11:30
also have half the divorce rate.
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์ดํ˜ผ์œจ์ด ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:32
And if that wasn't good enough motivation for everyone out there,
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๋‚ฎ์€ ์ดํ˜ผ์œจ ์ •๋„๋กœ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ํฐ ์ž๊ทน์ด ์•ˆ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
11:35
they also have more --
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ๊ธด ํ•œ๋ฐ...
11:37
how shall I say this on this stage?
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์ด ์ž๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜์ฃ ?
11:39
They know each other more in the biblical sense as well.
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์Œ, ๋ถ€๋ถ€์˜ ์„ฑ์ƒํ™œ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋” ํ™œ๋ฐœํ•ด์กŒ๋‹ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:42
(Cheers)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
11:44
Message number three:
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์ž ์„ธ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์กฐ์–ธ.
11:46
Don't leave before you leave.
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๊ทธ๋งŒ๋‘ฌ์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—๋Š” ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋‘์ง€ ๋ง์•„๋ผ.
11:48
I think there's a really deep irony
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์ง์žฅ์ƒํ™œ์—์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‹ฌ์‹ฌ์น˜ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉํ•˜๋Š”
11:50
to the fact that actions women are taking --
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์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์˜ ํ–‰๋™, ์ฆ‰ ์ง์žฅ์— ์˜ค๋ž˜ ๋จธ๋ฌด๋ฅด๋ ค๋Š”
11:52
and I see this all the time --
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๋ชฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ง๋ฏธ์•”์•„
11:54
with the objective of staying in the workforce
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ทจํ•˜๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์ด ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์ง์žฅ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋‘๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค๋Š”
11:57
actually lead to their eventually leaving.
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ํฐ ์•„์ด๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:59
Here's what happens:
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๋ฌด์Šจ ๋ง์ด๋ƒ๊ตฌ์š”. ์ด๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:01
We're all busy. Everyone's busy. A woman's busy.
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์ง์žฅ์—์„  ๋‹ค๋“ค ๋ฐ”์ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋„ ๋ฐ”์˜์ฃ .
12:03
And she starts thinking about having a child,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:06
and from the moment she starts thinking about having a child,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
12:09
she starts thinking about making room for that child.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š”
"ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ƒํ™ฉ ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ์•„์ด ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋งž์ถฐ์•ผ ํ•˜์ง€?" ๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ณ ๋ฏผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:12
"How am I going to fit this into everything else I'm doing?"
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12:15
And literally from that moment,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ง ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ทธ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ,
์ด ์—ฌ์„ฑ์€ ๋” ์ด์ƒ "์†์„ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ์ง€" ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:18
she doesn't raise her hand anymore,
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12:20
she doesn't look for a promotion, she doesn't take on the new project,
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๋” ์ด์ƒ ์Šน์ง„์— ๋ชฉ๋ฉ”์ง€๋„ ์•Š๊ณ , ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋งก์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:23
she doesn't say, "Me. I want to do that."
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"์ €์š”, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ• ๊ป˜์š”." ๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์€ ๋”์ด์ƒ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:25
She starts leaning back.
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์„œ์„œํžˆ ๋’ค๋กœ ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ์„œ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:27
The problem is that --
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š”...
12:28
let's say she got pregnant that day, that day --
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์ž, ์ด ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ์ž„์‹  ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •์„ ํ•˜์ฃ .
12:32
nine months of pregnancy, three months of maternity leave,
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9๊ฐœ์›”์งธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์ด์ œ 3๊ฐœ์›”์˜ ์ถœ์‚ฐํœด๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์–ด์งˆํ…Œ๊ณ ,
12:35
six months to catch your breath --
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์•ฝ 6๊ฐœ์›”์ •๋„ ์ˆจ ๋Œ๋ฆด ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋„ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ฒ ์ฃ .
12:37
Fast-forward two years,
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ 2๋…„์ด, ํ˜น์€ 2๋…„ ์ด์ƒ์ด
12:38
more often -- and as I've seen it --
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ํ›„๋”ฑ ๊ฐ€๋ฒ„๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณธ ๋ฐ”๋กœ๋Š”์š”.
12:40
women start thinking about this way earlier --
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์—ฌ์ž๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์— ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:43
when they get engaged, or married,
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์•ฝํ˜ผ ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ, ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
12:45
when they start thinking about having a child,
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์ด์ œ ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์•ผ ๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ณ„ํšํ•œ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:47
which can take a long time.
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ํ•œ ์ง์›์ด ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ์ €๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„์™”์–ด์š”,
12:49
One woman came to see me about this.
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์–ผ๊ตด์„ ๋ณด๋‹ˆ ๊ฝค ์ Š์–ด ๋ณด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:51
She looked a little young.
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12:52
And I said, "So are you and your husband thinking about having a baby?"
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์ €๋Š”, "๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚จํŽธ๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด์ œ ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ๊ณ„ํš ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?" ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์—ˆ๋”๋‹ˆ,
๊ทธ๋…€๋Š”, "์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ์ „ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ๋„ ์•ˆํ–ˆ๋Š”๊ฑธ์š”." ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์ง€์š”.
12:56
And she said, "Oh no, I'm not married."
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12:58
She didn't even have a boyfriend.
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๋งž์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์•„์ง ๋‚จ์ž์นœ๊ตฌ ์กฐ์ฐจ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:59
(Laughter)
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13:00
I said, "You're thinking about this just way too early."
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"๋ฒŒ์จ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ์—”
๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ผ๋Ÿฌ์š”." ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:04
But the point is that what happens
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ํ•ต์‹ฌ์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ ๋’ค๋กœ ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ ๋•Œ
13:07
once you start kind of quietly leaning back?
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๋ฌด์Šจ์ผ์ด ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋ƒ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:10
Everyone who's been through this --
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ๊ฒช๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ์ด๊ณ , ์ œ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋„ ๊ฒช์€ ํ›„
13:12
and I'm here to tell you, once you have a child at home,
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๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฑด๋Œ€, ์ผ๋‹จ ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ๋‚ณ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋ฉด,
13:15
your job better be really good to go back,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ง์—…์€ ์ •๋ง ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ณต๊ท€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ์ •๋„๋กœ ์ข‹์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:17
because it's hard to leave that kid at home.
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๋‹น์—ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋„ ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ๋–ผ๋†“๊ณ  ์ผํ•˜๋Ÿฌ ๋‚˜์„œ๊ธฐ๋ž€ ์‰ฝ์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋กœ, ์ผ์ด ๋‹จ์กฐ๋กœ์›Œ์„œ๋„ ์•ˆ๋˜๊ณ ,
13:20
Your job needs to be challenging.
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์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ๋ณด์ƒ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:22
It needs to be rewarding.
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13:23
You need to feel like you're making a difference.
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์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋Š๊ปด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:26
And if two years ago you didn't take a promotion
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ 2๋…„์ „ ์ž์‹ ์ด ์Šน์ง„์„ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
13:29
and some guy next to you did,
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์˜† ์ž๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋‚จ์ž์ง์›์ด ๊ทธ ์Šน์ง„์„ ๋Œ€์‹  ํ–ˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
13:31
if three years ago you stopped looking for new opportunities,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ 3๋…„์ „
์ž์‹ ์ด ๋”์ด์ƒ์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋‘์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
13:35
you're going to be bored
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๋ถ„๋ช… ์ผ์ด ๋”ฐ๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žฌ๋ฏธ์—†์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:37
because you should have kept your foot on the gas pedal.
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๊ณ„์† ์•…์…€์„ ๋ฐŸ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ”์–ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
13:40
Don't leave before you leave.
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"๋– ๋‚˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—” ๋– ๋‚˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”."
13:42
Stay in.
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๋จธ๋ฌด๋ฅด์„ธ์š”.
13:44
Keep your foot on the gas pedal,
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๊ณ„์† ์•…์…€์„ ๋ฐŸ์œผ์„ธ์š”.
13:46
until the very day you need to leave to take a break for a child --
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์•„์ด๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ผ์„ ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋‘ฌ์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”
๊ทธ๋‚ ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
13:50
and then make your decisions.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋จผ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ๊ณ„ํš์„ ์ผ์ผํžˆ
13:53
Don't make decisions too far in advance,
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13:55
particularly ones you're not even conscious you're making.
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์„ฑ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
13:59
My generation really, sadly,
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์Šฌํ”„๊ฒŒ๋„ ์ €ํฌ ์„ธ๋Œ€๋Š”
14:01
is not going to change the numbers at the top.
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์ด ์ˆ˜์น˜๋“ค์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์ง€ ์•Š์„๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:03
They're just not moving.
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๊ทธ ์ž๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ์›€์ง์ด์ง€ ์•Š์„๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:05
We are not going to get to where 50 percent of the population --
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์ €ํฌ ์„ธ๋Œ€์—์„  ์ธ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐ˜์ด
14:08
in my generation, there will not be 50 percent of [women]
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์–ด๋–ค ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ผ์ด๋“  ๊ณ ์œ„์ธต์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์€
14:11
at the top of any industry.
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๋ณด์ง€ ๋ชปํ• ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์„ธ๋Œ€๋Š” ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฆฌ๋ผ ํฌ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:14
But I'm hopeful that future generations can.
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14:17
I think a world where half of our countries and our companies
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์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ๋ฐ˜์ด, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ๋ฐ˜์ด
์—ฌ์„ฑ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ด๋Œ์–ด์ง„๋‹ค๋ฉด
๋” ์ข‹์€ ์„ธ์ƒ์ด ๋˜๋ฆฌ๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:22
were run by women, would be a better world.
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14:24
It's not just because people would know where the women's bathrooms are,
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๊ทธ๋•Œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์—ฌ์ž ํ™”์žฅ์‹ค์ด ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€
์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์•Œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ๋งŒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:28
even though that would be very helpful.
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14:30
I think it would be a better world.
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์ •๋ง ์ข‹์€ ์„ธ์ƒ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ „ ๋‘ ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
14:33
I have two children.
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14:34
I have a five-year-old son and a two-year-old daughter.
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๋‹ค์„ฏ์‚ด ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‘์‚ด๋‚œ ๋‚จ๋งค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:37
I want my son to have a choice
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์ „ ์•„๋“ค์ด ์žฅ์ฐจ ์ง์žฅ์—์„œ๊ฑด ๊ฐ€์ •์—์„œ๊ฑด
14:39
to contribute fully in the workforce or at home,
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์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•  ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:42
and I want my daughter to have the choice to not just succeed,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ ๋”ธ์€ ๊ทธ์ € ๋‚จ๋“ค ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด
๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
14:46
but to be liked for her accomplishments.
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๋”ธ์˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์„ฑ์ทจ๋กœ ์ธ์ •์„ ๋ฐ›๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:49
Thank you.
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14:50
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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