Let's use video to reinvent education | Salman Khan

1,328,673 views ใƒป 2011-03-09

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Yubal Masalker ืžื‘ืงืจ: Sigal Tifferet
ืืงื“ืžื™ื™ืช ื—ืืŸ ื™ื“ื•ืขื” ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ
00:16
Khan Academy is most known for its collection of videos,
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ื‘ืฉืœ ืื•ืกืคื™ ื”ื•ื™ื“ืื• ืฉืœื”,
00:19
so before I go any further,
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืืžืฉื™ืš,
00:21
let me show you a little bit of a montage.
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ืืจืื” ืœื›ื ืžื—ืจื•ื–ืช ืฉืœ ืงื˜ืขื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืžื”ื.
00:24
(Video) Salman Khan: So the hypotenuse is now going to be five.
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(ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ) ืกืœืžืืŸ ื—ืืŸ: ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ืžืฉื•ืœืฉ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื—ืžืฉ.
00:27
This animal's fossils are only found in this area of South America --
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ื”ืžืื•ื‘ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื” ื–ื• ื ืžืฆืื™ื ืจืง ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื–ื” ื‘ื“ืจื•ื-ืืžืจื™ืงื” --
ื‘ืจืฆื•ืขื” ื”ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžื•ื’ื“ืจืช ื”ื–ื• --
00:31
a nice clean band here --
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00:32
and this part of Africa.
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ื•ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื–ื” ืฉืœ ืืคืจื™ืงื”.
00:34
We can integrate over the surface,
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ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื‘ืฆืข ืื™ื ื˜ื’ืจืฆื™ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื˜ื—,
ื•ื”ืกื™ืžื•ืŸ ื‘ื“ืจืš-ื›ืœืœ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืช ืกื™ื’ืžื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”.
00:37
and the notation usually is a capital sigma.
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00:39
National Assembly: They create the Committee of Public Safety,
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ืืกื™ืคื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช: ื”ื ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืืช ื”"ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ",
ืืฉืจ ื ืฉืžืขืช ื›ื•ืขื“ื” ืžืื•ื“ ื ื—ืžื“ื”.
00:43
which sounds like a very nice committee.
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ืฉื™ืžื• ืœื‘, ื–ื”ื• ืืœื“ื”ื™ื“,
00:45
Notice, this is an aldehyde, and it's an alcohol.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืืœื›ื•ื”ื•ืœ.
00:48
Start differentiating into effector and memory cells.
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ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœื—ืœืงื• ืœืžื•ืฆื™ื ืœืคื•ืขืœ ื•ืชืื™ ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ.
ื’ืœืงืกื™ื”. ื”ื ื”, ืขื•ื“ ื’ืœืงืกื™ื”.
00:52
A galaxy. Hey! There's another galaxy. Oh, look! There's another galaxy.
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ื•ืชืจืื•, ื™ืฉ ืฉื ืขื•ื“ ืื—ืช.
00:55
And for dollars, is their 30 million,
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ื•ื‘ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื, ื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ 30 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ,
00:58
plus the 20 million dollars from the American manufacturer.
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ื•ืขื•ื“ 20 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืœืจ ืžื™ืฆืจืŸ ืืžืจื™ืงืื™.
01:01
If this does not blow your mind,
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ืื ื–ื” ืœื ืžืจืฉื™ื ืืชื›ื,
01:04
then you have no emotion.
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ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉืืชื ื—ืกืจื™-ืจื’ืฉ.
01:06
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
01:08
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
01:13
(Live) SK: We now have on the order of 2,200 videos,
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ืก.ื—.: ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื”ื–ืžื ื”
ืœ-2,200 ืกืจื˜ื™ ื•ื™ื“ืื•
01:17
covering everything from basic arithmetic, all the way to vector calculus,
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ื”ืžื›ืกื™ื ื”ื›ืœ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื™ืกื™
ื•ืขื“ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืื™ื ืคื™ื ื™ื˜ืกื™ืžืœื™ (ืื™ื ืคื™) ื•ืงื˜ื•ืจื™
ื•ื—ืœืง ืžืžื” ืฉืจืื™ืชื ื›ืืŸ.
01:22
and some of the stuff that you saw up there.
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01:24
We have a million students a month using the site,
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื–ื”,
01:27
watching on the order of 100 to 200,000 videos a day.
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ื”ืฆื•ืคื™ื ื‘ืกื“ืจ ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœ 100 ืขื“ 200,000 ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื.
01:31
But what we're going to talk about in this is how we're going to the next level.
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืขื•ืžื“ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ื•
ื–ื” ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืฉืœื‘ ื”ื‘ื.
01:35
But before I do that,
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืขื•ืฉื” ื–ืืช,
01:37
I want to talk a little bit about really just how I got started.
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ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืงืฆืช ืขืœ ืื™ืš ื‘ืืžืช ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืขื ื›ืœ ื–ื”.
01:41
And some of you all might know,
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ืื•ืœื™ ื—ืœืงื›ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื,
01:43
about five years ago, I was an analyst at a hedge fund,
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ืœืคื ื™ ื›ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื ืœื™ืกื˜ ื‘ืงืจืŸ ื’ื™ื“ื•ืจ.
01:46
and I was in Boston,
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ื’ืจืชื™ ื‘ื‘ื•ืกื˜ื•ืŸ,
ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืขื‘ื™ืจ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืœื‘ื ื™-ื“ื•ื“ื™ื ืฉืœื™ ื‘ื ื™ื•-ืื•ืจืœื™ื ืก, ืžืจื—ื•ืง.
01:49
and I was tutoring my cousins in New Orleans, remotely.
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ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืœื™ื•ื˜ื™ื•ื‘ ืืช ืกืจื˜ื™ ื”ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื
01:52
And I started putting the first YouTube videos up,
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01:54
really just as a kind of nice-to-have,
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ืจืง ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื™ืฆื˜ืจืš ืื•ืชื,
01:56
just kind of a supplement for my cousins,
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ื›ืชื•ืกืคืช ืžืฉืœื™ืžื” ืœื‘ื ื™-ื“ื•ื“ื™ื ืฉืœื™ --
01:58
something that might give them a refresher or something.
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ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื‘ืขื–ืจืชื• ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืขื ืŸ ืืช ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืชื™ื”ื.
02:01
And as soon as I put those first YouTube videos up,
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ื•ืžื™ื™ื“ ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืขืœืชื™ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืœื™ื•ื˜ื™ื•ื‘,
ืงืจื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ --
02:04
something interesting happened.
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02:05
Actually, a bunch of interesting things happened.
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ื‘ืขืฆื ืงืจื• ืžืกืคืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื.
ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื”ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™-ื“ื•ื“ื™ื™.
02:08
The first was the feedback from my cousins.
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02:10
They told me that they preferred me on YouTube than in person.
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ื”ื ืืžืจื• ืœื™
ืฉื”ื ืžืขื“ื™ืคื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืื•ืชื™ ื‘ื™ื•ื˜ื™ื•ื‘ ืžืืฉืจ ืคื ื™ื ืžื•ืœ ืคื ื™ื.
02:15
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
02:22
And once you get over the backhanded nature of that,
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ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืžืชื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืงืฆื ื•ืช ื”ื–ื•,
ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ืžืฉื”ื• ืขืžื•ืง ืžืื•ื“.
02:27
there was actually something very profound there.
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ื”ื ื‘ืขืฆื ืืžืจื• ืฉื”ื ืžืขื“ื™ืคื™ื
02:29
They were saying that they preferred the automated version of their cousin
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ืืช ื”ื’ื™ืจืกื” ื”ืžืžื•ื›ื ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ืŸ-ื“ื•ื“ื
ืžืืฉืจ ืืช ื”ื‘ืŸ-ื“ื•ื“ ืขืฆืžื•.
02:33
to their cousin.
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02:34
At first it's very unintuitive,
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ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื–ื” ืœื ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžืืœื™ื•,
02:36
but when you think about it from their point of view, it makes a ton of sense.
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืืฉืจ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืš ืžื ืงื•ื“ืช ืžื‘ื˜ื, ื–ื” ื ืจืื” ืžืื•ื“ ื”ื’ื™ื•ื ื™.
ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื•ื
02:40
You have this situation where now they can pause and repeat their cousin,
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ืฉื›ืขืช ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ื•ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืขืœ ื‘ืŸ-ื“ื•ื“ื,
02:43
without feeling like they're wasting my time.
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ืžื‘ืœื™ ืฉื™ืจื’ื™ืฉื• ืฉื”ื ืžื‘ื–ื‘ื–ื™ื ืืช ื–ืžื ื™.
ืื ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืžืฉื”ื•
02:47
If they have to review something
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02:49
that they should have learned a couple of weeks ago,
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ืฉื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืœืคื ื™ ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช,
ืื• ืื•ืœื™ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ื™ื,
02:52
or maybe a couple of years ago,
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02:54
they don't have to be embarrassed and ask their cousin.
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ื”ื ืื™ื ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืœื ื ืขื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืฉืืœื•ืช.
02:56
They can just watch those videos; if they're bored, they can go ahead.
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ื”ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื. ืื ืžืฉืขืžื ืœื”ื, ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ.
ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ื”ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืชื, ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ืฉืœื”ื.
03:00
They can watch at their own time and pace.
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ื•ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœื•ื•ื“ืื™, ื”ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ ื”ืคื—ื•ืช ืžื•ืขืจืš ืฉืœ ื–ื”
03:02
Probably the least-appreciated aspect of this
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ื”ื•ื ืฉื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”,
03:07
is the notion that the very first time
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ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”,
03:09
that you're trying to get your brain around a new concept,
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ืฉืชืฆื˜ืจื›ื• ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืœ ืืช ืžื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื›ื ืœืชืคื™ืกื” ื—ื“ืฉื”,
03:13
the very last thing you need
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ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืฉืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื
03:15
is another human being saying, "Do you understand this?"
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ื”ื•ื ืื“ื ืื—ืจ ื”ืฉื•ืืœ "ื”ืื ื”ื‘ื ืชื ืืช ื–ื”?"
03:18
And that's what was happening
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ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ืชืจื—ืฉ ื‘ืžื’ืข ื”ื™ืฉื™ืจ ืฉืœื™ ืขื ื‘ื ื™-ื“ื•ื“ื™ื™.
03:19
with the interaction with my cousins before,
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03:21
and now they can just do it in the intimacy of their own room.
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ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช
ื‘ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื“ืจื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช.
03:28
The other thing that happened is --
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืื—ืจ ืฉืงืจื” ื”ื•ื --
03:30
I put them on YouTube just --
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ื”ืขืœืชื™ ืื•ืชื ืœื™ื•ื˜ื™ื•ื‘ --
03:33
I saw no reason to make it private,
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ืœื ืจืื™ืชื™ ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืœื ืœืฆืคื™ื” ืคืจื˜ื™ืช,
03:35
so I let other people watch it,
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื ื—ืชื™ ืœื›ื•ืœื ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ื”ื.
03:37
and then people started stumbling on it,
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ื•ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœื”ื™ืชืงืœ ื‘ื”ื.
03:39
and I started getting some comments and some letters
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ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ืขืจื•ืช ื•ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื
03:42
and all sorts of feedback
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ื•ืขื•ื“ ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช
ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืืงืจืื™ ืžืื ืฉื™ื ืžื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
03:45
from random people around the world.
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03:46
These are just a few.
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ื•ื”ื ื” ืจืง ื›ืžื” ืžื”ืŸ.
03:49
This is actually from one of the original calculus videos.
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ื–ื”ื• ืื—ื“ ืžืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ ืื™ื ืคื™ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
ื•ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ ื›ืชื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ื˜ื™ื•ื‘ --
03:53
Someone wrote it on YouTube, it was a YouTube comment:
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ื–ื• ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ืขืจื” ื‘ื™ื•ื˜ื™ื•ื‘:
03:56
"First time I smiled doing a derivative."
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"ืคืขื ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉื—ื™ื™ื›ืชื™ ื‘ืขื•ื“ื™ ืขื•ืฉื” ื ื’ื–ืจืช."
03:59
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
ื•ื ืขืฆื•ืจ ื›ืืŸ.
04:02
Let's pause here.
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ืื“ื ื–ื” ืขืฉื” ื ื’ื–ืจืช
04:04
This person did a derivative,
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04:05
and then they smiled.
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ื•ืื– ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ื™ืš.
04:07
(Laughter)
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04:08
In response to that same comment --
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ื•ื‘ืžืขื ื” ืœืื•ืชื” ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” -- ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉืจืฉืจืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช.
04:10
this is on the thread, you can go on YouTube and look at the comments --
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ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื’ืฉืช ืœืืชืจ ื™ื•ื˜ื™ื•ื‘ ื•ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• --
ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ ืจืฉื: "ืื•ืชื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ืืŸ.
04:14
someone else wrote: "Same thing here.
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04:15
I actually got a natural high and a good mood for the entire day,
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ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ื”ืชืจื•ืžืžื•ืช ื ืคืฉ ื•ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืžืฆื‘ ืจื•ื— ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ื.
ืžืื—ืจ ื•ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจ ืฉืจืื™ืชื™
04:19
since I remember seeing all of this matrix text in class,
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ืืช ื›ืœ ืžืขืจื›ื™ ื”ืžืกืคืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื‘ื›ื™ืชื”,
04:23
and here I'm all like, 'I know kung fu.'"
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ื•ื›ืืŸ ืื ื™ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื›ืื™ืœื•, 'ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืงื•ื ื’-ืคื•.'"
04:26
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
04:30
We get a lot of feedback along those lines.
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ื•ืื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื”ืžื•ืŸ ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืœืื•ืจืš ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•.
04:32
This clearly was helping people.
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ืžื›ืืŸ ื–ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉื–ื” ืขื•ื–ืจ ืœืื ืฉื™ื.
04:34
But then, as the viewership kept growing and kept growing,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื–, ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื›ืžื•ืช ื”ืฆื•ืคื™ื ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืœืขืœื•ืช,
ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื ืžืื ืฉื™ื,
04:38
I started getting letters from people,
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04:40
and it was starting to become clear
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ื•ื”ื—ืœ ืœื”ืชื‘ืจืจ
04:42
that it was more than just a nice-to-have.
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ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ ืกืชื ืขื•ื“ ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ.
04:44
This is just an excerpt from one of those letters:
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืจืง ืžื•ื‘ืื”
ืžืื—ื“ ื”ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื ื”ืืœื”.
04:48
"My 12 year-old son has autism,
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"ื‘ื ื™ ื‘ืŸ ื”-12 ืกื•ื‘ืœ ืžืื•ื˜ื™ื–ื
04:50
and has had a terrible time with math.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืงืฉื™ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืžืชืžื˜ื™ืงื”.
ื›ื‘ืจ ื ื™ืกื™ื ื• ื”ื›ืœ,
04:53
We have tried everything,
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04:54
viewed everything, bought everything.
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ืจืื™ื ื• ื”ื›ืœ, ืงื ื™ื ื• ื”ื›ืœ.
04:56
We stumbled on your video on decimals, and it got through.
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ื ืชืงืœื ื• ื‘ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืฉืœืš ืขืœ ืฉื‘ืจื™ื ืขืฉืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื•ื ื ืงืœื˜.
04:59
Then we went on to the dreaded fractions.
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ืื—ืจ-ื›ืš ืขืœ ื”ืฉื‘ืจื™ื, ื•ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืงืœื˜ ืื•ืชื.
05:01
Again, he got it.
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ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืœื”ืืžื™ืŸ.
05:03
We could not believe it.
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05:04
He is so excited."
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ื”ื•ื ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ื ืจื’ืฉ."
05:06
And so you can imagine,
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ื•ื›ืš, ืชื ืกื• ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ,
05:07
here I was, an analyst at a hedge fund --
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื ืœื™ืกื˜ ื‘ืงืจืŸ ื’ื™ื“ื•ืจ.
05:11
it was very strange for me to do something of social value.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืžืฉื•ื ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ืขืœ ืขืจืš ื—ื‘ืจืชื™.
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
05:15
(Laughter)
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05:17
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
05:23
But I was excited, so I kept going.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื ืœื”ื‘, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืžืฉื›ืชื™.
05:27
And then a few other things started to dawn on me;
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ื•ืื– ืขืœื• ื‘ื“ืขืชื™ ื›ืžื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื.
05:29
that not only would it help my cousins right now,
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ืฉืœื ืจืง ืฉื–ื” ื™ืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื‘ื ื™-ื“ื•ื“ื™ื™ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™,
05:32
or these people who were sending letters,
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ืื• ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืฉืฉื•ืœื—ื™ื ืœื™ ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื,
05:34
but that this content will never grow old,
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ืืœื ืฉื”ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ื™ืชื™ื™ืฉืŸ,
ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื”ื
05:37
that it could help their kids or their grandkids.
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ืื• ืœื ื›ื“ื™ื”ื.
05:40
If Isaac Newton had done YouTube videos on calculus,
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ืื ืื™ื™ื–ืง ื ื™ื•ื˜ื•ืŸ
ื”ื™ื” ืขื•ืฉื” ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ืื™ื ืคื™ ื‘ื™ื•ื˜ื™ื•ื‘,
ืื ื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืชื.
05:45
I wouldn't have to.
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05:46
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
05:48
Assuming he was good. We don't know.
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ื‘ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื–ื”. ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื.
05:51
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
05:53
The other thing that happened -- and even at this point, I said,
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื ื•ืกืฃ ืฉืงืจื” --
ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื–ื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™, "ืื•ืœื™ ื–ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืชื•ืกืคืช.
05:56
"OK, maybe it's a good supplement. It's good for motivated students.
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ื–ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื•ื˜ื™ื‘ืฆื™ื”.
ืื•ืœื™ ื–ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืžื”ื‘ื™ืช."
06:00
It's good for maybe home-schoolers."
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ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉื”ื•
06:02
But I didn't think it would somehow penetrate the classroom.
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ืฉื™ื—ื“ื•ืจ ืื™ื›ืฉื”ื• ืœื›ื™ืชื•ืช.
06:05
Then I started getting letters from teachers,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื– ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื ืžืžื•ืจื™ื.
06:07
and the teachers would write, saying,
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ื•ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ื›ืชื‘ื•, ื‘ืื•ืžืจื,
06:09
"We've used your videos to flip the classroom.
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"ืื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš ืœืขืฉื™ื™ืช ืžื”ืคืš ื‘ื›ื™ืชื•ืช.
06:11
You've given the lectures, so now what we do --"
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ืืชื” ื ืชืช ืืช ื”ื”ืจืฆืื•ืช, ืื– ืžื” ืฉืื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื..."
06:14
And this could happen in every classroom in America tomorrow --
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ื•ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงืจื•ืช ืžื—ืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ื›ื™ืชื” ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘,
06:17
"what I do is I assign the lectures for homework,
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"... ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืขื•ืฉื” ื–ื” ืœืชืช ื”ืจืฆืื•ืช ื›ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™-ื‘ื™ืช.
ื•ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืคืขื ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™-ื‘ื™ืช,
06:21
and what used to be homework,
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ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ืชื”."
06:23
I now have the students doing in the classroom."
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ื•ื›ืืŸ ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืขืฆื•ืจ --
06:26
And I want to pause here --
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06:28
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื™ ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืœืจื’ืข,
06:33
I want to pause here, because there's a couple of interesting things.
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ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ื›ืžื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื.
06:36
One, when those teachers are doing that,
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ืื—ื“, ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื–ืืช,
06:38
there's the obvious benefit --
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ื™ืฉ ื‘ื›ืš ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื --
06:40
the benefit that now their students
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ื”ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื
06:42
can enjoy the videos in the way that my cousins did,
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ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื ื•ืช ืžื”ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ื›ืžื• ืฉื‘ื ื™-ื“ื•ื“ื™ื™ ื ื”ื ื•.
ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฆื•ืจ, ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืขืœื™ื”ื ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ืฉืœื”ื,
06:45
they can pause, repeat at their own pace, at their own time.
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ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื ื•ื— ืœื”ื.
06:48
But the more interesting thing -- and this is the unintuitive thing
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื --
ื•ื–ื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืœื-ืื™ื ื˜ื•ืื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ื›ืืฉืจ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื‘ื›ื™ืชื” --
06:51
when you talk about technology in the classroom --
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ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืกืจืช ื”ื—ื“-ืžื™ื“ืชื™ื•ืช ืžื›ืœ ื”ื”ืจืฆืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ื™ืชื•ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“
06:54
by removing the one-size-fits-all lecture from the classroom,
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ื•ืžืชืŸ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ื”ืจืฆืื•ืช ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœื”ื,
06:57
and letting students have a self-paced lecture at home,
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ื•ืื– ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื ื‘ืื™ื ืœื›ื™ืชื•ืช, ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืœื”ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™-ื‘ื™ืช,
07:00
then when you go to the classroom,
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07:01
letting them do work, having the teacher walk around,
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ื‘ืขื•ื“ ื”ืžื•ืจื” ืžืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื,
07:04
having the peers actually be able to interact with each other,
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ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื‘ื•ื ื‘ืžื’ืข ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื™ื”ื,
07:07
these teachers have used technology to humanize the classroom.
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ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืขื ื™ืง
ืœื›ื™ืชื” ืื•ืคื™ ืื ื•ืฉื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
ื”ื ื ื˜ืœื• ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉื‘ื™ืกื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ --
07:13
They took a fundamentally dehumanizing experience --
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07:15
30 kids with their fingers on their lips,
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30 ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืขื ืืฆื‘ืข-ืขืœ-ืฉืคืชื™ื™ื,
ืฉืื™ื ื ืจืฉืื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืฉื ื™.
07:18
not allowed to interact with each other.
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ืžื•ืจื”, ืœื ืžืฉื ื” ื›ืžื” ื”ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘,
07:20
A teacher, no matter how good,
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07:21
has to give this one-size-fits-all lecture to 30 students --
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ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื”ืจืฆืื” ื”ื—ื“-ืžื™ื“ืชื™ืช ื”ื–ื•
ืœ-30 ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื --
07:25
blank faces, slightly antagonistic --
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ืคื ื™ื ื—ืกืจื•ืช-ื”ื‘ืขื”, ืงืฆืช ืขื•ื™ื™ื ื•ืช --
07:27
and now it's a human experience,
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืขืช ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช.
07:29
now they're actually interacting with each other.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืฉื ื™.
07:31
So once the Khan Academy --
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ื›ืš ืฉื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉืืงื“ืžื™ื™ืช ื—ืืŸ --
ืขื–ื‘ืชื™ ืืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื™
07:34
I quit my job,
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07:35
and we turned into a real organization --
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ื•ื”ืคื›ื ื• ืœืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืคืขื™ืœ --
07:37
we're a not-for-profit --
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืœืœื ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืจื•ื•ื— --
07:39
the question is, how do we take this to the next level?
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ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ืงื— ืืช ื–ื” ืœืฉืœื‘ ื”ื‘ื?
07:42
How do we take what those teachers were doing to its natural conclusion?
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ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ื™ืงื— ืืช ืžื” ืฉื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ื”ื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื
ืœืกื™ื•ื ื”ืจืื•ื™?
07:46
And so, what I'm showing over here,
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืžืจืื” ืœื›ื ื›ืืŸ,
07:48
these are actual exercises
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ืืœื” ื”ื ืชืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื
07:50
that I started writing for my cousins.
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ืฉื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื‘ื ื™-ื“ื•ื“ื™ื™.
07:53
The ones I started were much more primitive.
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ื”ืชืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ืฉื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืื™ืชื ื”ื™ื• ืžื™ื•ืฉื ื™ื.
07:55
This is a more competent version of it.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื’ื™ืจืกื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื•ืœืžืช ืฉืœื”ื.
07:58
But the paradigm here is, we'll generate as many questions as you need,
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ื”ื•ื, ื ื—ื‘ืจ ื›ืžื” ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื
ืขื“ ืฉืชืงืœื˜ื• ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ,
08:02
until you get that concept, until you get 10 in a row.
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ืขื“ ืฉืชืงื‘ืœื• ืขืฉื™ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจืฆืฃ.
08:05
And the Khan Academy videos are there.
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ื•ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ ืืงื“ืžื™ื™ืช ื—ืืŸ ื ืžืฆืื™ื ืฉื.
08:07
You get hints, the actual steps for that problem,
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ืืชื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืจืžื–ื™ื, ืืช ื”ืฆืขื“ื™ื ื”ืžืขืฉื™ื™ื ืœืื•ืชื” ื‘ืขื™ื”,
08:09
if you don't know how to do it.
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ืื ืื™ื ื›ื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœืคืชื•ืจ ืื•ืชื”.
08:11
The paradigm here seems like a very simple thing:
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ื ืจืื” ืžืื•ื“ ืคืฉื•ื˜:
08:13
10 in a row, you move on.
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ืขืฉืจ ื”ืฆืœื—ื•ืช ืจืฆื•ืคื•ืช, ื•ืื– ืžืชืงื“ืžื™ื.
08:15
But it's fundamentally different
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืฉื•ื ื” ืžื™ืกื•ื“ื• ืžืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ื›ื™ืชื•ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“.
08:16
than what's happening in classrooms right now.
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ื‘ื›ื™ืชื” ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ืช,
08:19
In a traditional classroom,
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08:20
you have homework, lecture, homework, lecture,
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ื™ืฉ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™-ื‘ื™ืช,
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™-ื‘ื™ืช, ื”ืจืฆืื”, ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™-ื‘ื™ืช, ื”ืจืฆืื”,
08:24
and then you have a snapshot exam.
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ื•ืื– ื™ืฉ ืžื‘ื—ืŸ ื™ื“ืข.
08:26
And that exam, whether you get a 70 percent, an 80 percent,
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ื•ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืžื‘ื—ืŸ, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื 70, ืื• 80,
ืื• 90, ืื• 95,
08:29
a 90 percent or a 95 percent,
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08:31
the class moves on to the next topic.
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ื”ื›ื™ืชื” ืžืชืงื“ืžืช ื”ืœืื” ืœื ื•ืฉื ื”ื‘ื.
08:33
And even that 95 percent student --
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ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืื•ืชื• ืชืœืžื™ื“ ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ 95,
08:35
what was the five percent they didn't know?
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ืžื” ื”ื™ื• ื”-5 ืื—ื•ื– ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื“ืข?
08:37
Maybe they didn't know what happens when you raise something to the zeroth power.
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ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื ืœื ื™ื“ืขื• ืžื” ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืขืœื™ื ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ื—ื–ืงืช ืืคืก.
ื•ืื– ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืขืœ ื–ื” ืืช ื”ืžื•ืฉื’ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืจ.
08:41
Then you build on that in the next concept.
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ื–ื” ื›ืžื•,
08:43
That's analogous to -- imagine learning to ride a bicycle.
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ื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœืจื›ื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืื•ืคื ื™ื™ื,
ื•ืื ื™ ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœื›ื ื”ืจืฆืื” ืœืคื ื™ ื–ื”,
08:47
Maybe I give you a lecture ahead of time,
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08:49
and I give you a bicycle for two weeks, then I come back after two weeks,
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ื•ืื– ืื ื™ ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœื›ื ืื•ืคื ื™ื™ื ืœืฉื‘ื•ืขื™ื™ื.
ื•ืื– ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™ื™ื,
08:53
and say, "Well, let's see. You're having trouble taking left turns.
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ืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ, "ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ื‘ืขื™ื” ืœืคื ื•ืช ืฉืžืืœื”.
ืื™ื ื›ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืœื’ืžืจื™.
08:57
You can't quite stop. You're an 80 percent bicyclist."
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ืืชื 80 ืื—ื•ื– ืจื•ื›ื‘ื™-ืื•ืคื ื™ื™ื."
ื›ืš ืฉืื ื™ ืžื“ื‘ื™ืง ืœื›ื ืชื•ื™ืช ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื—
09:00
So I put a big "C" stamp on your forehead --
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09:02
(Laughter)
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09:03
and then I say, "Here's a unicycle."
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ื•ืื– ืื•ืžืจ, "ื”ื ื” ื—ื“-ืื•ืคืŸ."
09:05
(Laughter)
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09:06
But as ridiculous as that sounds,
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ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ืฉื–ื” ื ืฉืžืข ืžื’ื•ื—ืš,
09:08
that's exactly what's happening in our classrooms right now.
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ื–ื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื”
ื‘ื›ื™ืชื•ืช-ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืฉืœื ื• ื›ื™ื•ื.
09:12
And the idea is you fast forward
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ื”ืชืคื™ืกื” ื”ื™ื ืฉืœ ืœื”ืชืงื“ื ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช
09:14
and good students start failing algebra all of the sudden,
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ื•ืื– ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืคืชืื•ื ืœื”ื™ื›ืฉืœ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ
09:17
and start failing calculus all of the sudden,
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ื•ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืคืชืื•ื ืœื”ื™ื›ืฉืœ ื‘ืื™ื ืคื™,
09:20
despite being smart, despite having good teachers,
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื ืคื™ืงื—ื™ื, ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืžื•ืจื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื.
09:22
and it's usually because they have these Swiss cheese gaps
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ื•ื–ื” ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื™ืฉ ืืฆืœื ื—ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ืข ื›ืžื• ื‘ื’ื‘ื™ื ื” ืฉื•ื•ื™ืฆืจื™ืช
ืืฉืจ ื ื•ืฆืจื• ืœื›ืœ ืื•ืจืš ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื.
09:25
that kept building throughout their foundation.
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ื›ืš ืฉืœืคื™ ื”ืžื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœื ื•
09:27
So our model is: learn math the way you'd learn anything,
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ื™ืฉ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžืชืžื˜ื™ืงื” ื›ืžื• ืฉืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ืจ,
ื›ืžื• ืฉืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœืจื›ื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืื•ืคื ื™ื™ื.
09:31
like riding a bicycle.
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09:32
Stay on that bicycle. Fall off that bicycle.
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ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ืขื ืื•ืชื ืื•ืคื ื™ื™ื. ืœื™ืคื•ืœ ืžืื•ืชื ืื•ืคื ื™ื™ื.
09:35
Do it as long as necessary, until you have mastery.
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ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื™ื™ื“ืจืฉ ืขื“ ืฉืจื•ื›ืฉื™ื ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ืช ืžืœืื”.
09:38
The traditional model,
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ื”ืžื•ื“ืœ ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™,
09:40
it penalizes you for experimentation and failure,
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ืžืขื ื™ืฉ ืขืœ ื ื™ืกื•ื™ ื•ื˜ืขื™ื”,
09:42
but it does not expect mastery.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืžืฆืคื” ืœืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ืช ืžืœืื”.
09:44
We encourage you to experiment. We encourage you to fail.
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ืื ื• ืžืขื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืืชื›ื ืœื ืกื•ืช. ืื ื• ืžืขื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืืชื›ื ืœื”ื™ื›ืฉืœ.
09:47
But we do expect mastery.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื• ื›ืŸ ืžืฆืคื™ื ืœืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ืช ืžืœืื”.
ื”ื ื” ืขื•ื“ ืื—ื“ ืžื ื•ืฉืื™ ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“.
09:51
This is just another one of the modules.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื˜ืจื™ื’ื•ื ื•ืžื˜ืจื™ื”.
09:53
This is trigonometry.
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09:54
This is shifting and reflecting functions.
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ื–ื” ื”ื–ื–ื” ื•ืฉื™ืงื•ืฃ ืฉืœ ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช.
09:57
And they all fit together.
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ื•ื”ื ื›ื•ืœื ืžืฉืชืœื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ื“.
09:59
We have about 90 of these right now.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื”ื™ื•ื ื›-90 ื›ืืœื”.
10:01
You can go to the site right now,
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ื•ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื’ืฉืช ืœืืชืจ ืžืžืฉ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•. ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ื—ื™ื ื. ืœื ืžื ืกื” ืœืžื›ื•ืจ ืœื›ื ืžืฉื”ื•.
10:02
it's all free, not trying to sell anything.
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10:04
But the general idea is that they all fit into this knowledge map.
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ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ื ื›ื•ืœื ืžืฉืชืœื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžืคืช ื”ื™ื“ืข ื”ื–ื•.
ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ืฉื, ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืกืคืจื•ืช ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช.
10:08
That top node right there, that's literally single-digit addition,
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ื–ื” ื›ืžื• ืื—ื“ ื•ืขื•ื“ ืื—ื“ ืฉื•ื•ื” ืฉื ื™ื™ื.
10:11
it's like one plus one is equal to two.
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10:13
The paradigm is, once you get 10 in a row on that,
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ื•ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉื™ืฉ 10 ื”ืฆืœื—ื•ืช ื‘ืจืฆืฃ,
10:15
it keeps forwarding you to more and more advanced modules.
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ื–ื” ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืœืงื“ื ืืชื›ื ืœื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืชืงื“ืžื•ืช.
ื›ืš ืฉืื ื ืจื“ ืœืžื˜ื” ื‘ืžืคืช ื”ื™ื“ืข,
10:19
Further down the knowledge map,
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ืื ื• ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืชืงื“ื.
10:22
we're getting into more advanced arithmetic.
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10:24
Further down, you start getting into pre-algebra and early algebra.
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืžื˜ื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืงื“ื-ืืœื’ื‘ืจื” ื•ืœืืœื’ื‘ืจื” ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ืช.
10:27
Further down, you start getting into algebra one, algebra two,
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืžื˜ื”, ืžืชื—ืœื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืืœื’ื‘ืจื” 1, ืืœื’ื‘ืจื” 2,
10:31
a little bit of precalculus.
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ืžืขื˜ ืงื“ื-ืื™ื ืคื™.
10:33
And the idea is, from this we can actually teach everything --
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ื•ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื, ืฉืžื›ืืŸ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืœืžื“ ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ --
10:36
well, everything that can be taught in this type of a framework.
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ื˜ื•ื‘, ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืœืžื“
ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื›ื–ื•.
10:40
So you can imagine -- and this is what we are working on --
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ืื– ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ -- ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืื ื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืขืœื™ื• --
ืžืžืคืช ื”ื™ื“ืข ื”ื–ื•
10:43
from this knowledge map, you have logic, you have computer programming,
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ื™ืฉ ืœื•ื’ื™ืงื”, ื™ืฉ ืชื™ื›ื ื•ืช ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื,
10:46
you have grammar, you have genetics,
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ื™ืฉ ื“ืงื“ื•ืง, ื™ืฉ ื’ื ื˜ื™ืงื”,
10:49
all based off of that core of, if you know this and that,
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ื”ื›ืœ ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ื“ ืžืจื›ื–ื™,
ืื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื–ื” ื•ื–ื”,
10:52
now you're ready for this next concept.
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ืื– ืืชื ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ื ื‘ืชื•ืจ.
10:55
Now that can work well for an individual learner,
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ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ืขื ื›ืœ ืžืชืœืžื“ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื™ืฉื™,
10:58
and I encourage you to do it with your kids,
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ื•ืื ื™ ืžืขื•ื“ื“ ืืชื›ื, ืื—ื“, ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ืขื ื™ืœื“ื™ื›ื,
11:00
but I also encourage everyone in the audience to do it yourself.
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ืื‘ืœ ื’ื, ืื ื™ ืžืขื•ื“ื“ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืงื”ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ื‘ืขืฆืžื•.
ื–ื” ื™ืฉื ื” ืืช ื”ืื•ื™ืจื” ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื”ืื•ื›ืœ.
11:03
It'll change what happens at the dinner table.
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11:05
But what we want to do
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืฉืื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช
11:06
is use the natural conclusion of the flipping of the classroom
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ื–ื” ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžืกืงื ื” ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ืžื”ืžื”ืคืš ื‘ื›ื™ืชื”
11:09
that those early teachers had emailed me about.
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ืืฉืจ ืื•ืชื ืžื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื—ื• ืœื™ ืขืœื™ื” ืื™-ืžื™ื™ืœื™ื ืžืงื•ื“ื.
11:12
And so what I'm showing you here,
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ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืžืจืื” ืœื›ื ื›ืืŸ,
11:13
this is data from a pilot in the Los Altos school district,
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ืืœื” ื‘ืขืฆื ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžืคื™ื™ืœื•ื˜ ืฉื ืขืจืš ื‘ืžื—ื•ื– ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช-ืกืคืจ ืœื•ืก-ืื˜ืœื•ืก,
11:16
where they took two fifth-grade classes and two seventh-grade classes,
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ืฉืฉื ื”ื ืœืงื—ื• ืฉืชื™ ื›ื™ืชื•ืช ื”' ื•ืฉืชื™ ื›ื™ืชื•ืช ื–'
ื•ืฉื™ื ื• ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืืช ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ื”ืžืชืžื˜ื™ืงื” ืฉืœื”ื.
11:20
and completely gutted their old math curriculum.
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ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืื™ื ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืกืคืจื™-ืœื™ืžื•ื“,
11:22
These kids aren't using textbooks, or getting one-size-fits-all lectures.
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ื”ื ืื™ื ื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื”ืจืฆืื•ืช ื—ื“-ืžื™ื“ืชื™ื•ืช.
11:25
They're doing Khan Academy, that software, for roughly half of their math class.
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ื”ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืืงื“ืžื™ื™ืช ื—ืืŸ, ื”ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชื•ื›ื ื”,
ื‘ืขืจืš ื‘ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ืžืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ื”ืžืชืžื˜ื™ืงื” ืฉืœื”ื.
11:29
I want to be clear: we don't view this as a complete math education.
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ื•ื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื”ื™ืจ ืฉืื ื• ืœื ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ื–ื” ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ืžืชืžื˜ื™ืงื” ืฉืœืžื™ื.
ืžื” ืฉื–ื” ืขื•ืฉื” -- ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื‘ืœื•ืก-ืืœื˜ื•ืก --
11:33
What it does is -- this is what's happening in Los Altos --
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ื–ื” ืžืคื ื” ื–ืžืŸ.
11:36
it frees up time -- it's the blocking and tackling,
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ื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ืžื—ืกื•ืžื™ื ื•ืขืฆื™ืจื•ืช,
11:38
making sure you know how to move through a system of equations,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœืคืชื•ืจ ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžืฉื•ื•ืื•ืช,
ื•ื–ื” ืžืคื ื” ื–ืžืŸ ืœื”ื“ื’ืžื•ืช, ืœืžืฉื—ืงื™ื,
11:41
and it frees up time for the simulations, for the games,
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ืœืžื›ื ื™ืงื”, ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืจื•ื‘ื•ื˜ื™ื,
11:44
for the mechanics, for the robot-building,
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ืœืื•ืžื“ืŸ ืฉืœ ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ื”ื’ื‘ืขื” ืขื•ืžื“ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฆืœ ืฉืœื”.
11:46
for the estimating how high that hill is based on its shadow.
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ื•ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ืžื•ืจื” ืžืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื,
11:49
And so the paradigm is the teacher walks in every day,
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11:51
every kid works at their own pace --
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ื›ืœ ื™ืœื“ ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืœืคื™ ื”ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœื• --
11:53
this is actually a live dashboard from the Los Altos school district --
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ื•ื–ื”ื• ืœืžืขืฉื” ืœื•ื— ื‘ืงืจื” ืฉืœ ืžื—ื•ื– ื‘ื™ืช-ืกืคืจ ืœื•ืก-ืืœื˜ื•ืก --
ื•ื”ื ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœ ืœื•ื— ื‘ืงืจื” ื–ื”.
11:57
and they look at this dashboard.
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11:58
Every row is a student.
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ื›ืœ ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื ืชืœืžื™ื“.
12:00
Every column is one of those concepts.
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ื›ืœ ืขืžื•ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ืื—ื“ ืžืื•ืชื ื”ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช.
12:02
Green means the student's already proficient.
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ื™ืจื•ืง ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ืฉื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืงื™.
12:04
Blue means they're working on it -- no need to worry.
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ื›ื—ื•ืœ ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ืฉื”ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื–ื” -- ืื™ืŸ ืžืงื•ื ืœื“ืื’ื”.
12:06
Red means they're stuck.
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ืื“ื•ื ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ืฉื”ื ืชืงื•ืขื™ื.
12:08
And what the teacher does is literally just say,
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ื•ืžื” ืฉื”ืžื•ืจื” ืขื•ืฉื” ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื•ืžืจ,
12:11
"Let me intervene on the red kids."
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"ืืชืขืจื‘ ืืฆืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ืื“ื•ื."
12:13
Or even better, "Let me get one of the green kids,
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ืื• ืื•ืœื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘, "ืืงื— ืืช ืื—ื“ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ืฆื‘ืข ื”ื™ืจื•ืง
ืฉื”ื•ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืงื™ ื‘ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ
12:16
who are already proficient in that concept,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื•ื•ื” ืงื•-ื”ืชืงืคื” ืจืืฉื•ืŸ
12:18
to be the first line of attack, and actually tutor their peer."
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ื•ืœืžืขืฉื” ืฉื™ืœืžื“ ืืช ื—ื‘ืจื•."
12:23
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
12:28
Now, I come from a very data-centric reality,
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ืื ื™ ืžื’ื™ืข ืžืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืžืžื•ืงื“ืช-ื ืชื•ื ื™ื,
12:32
so we don't want that teacher to even go and intervene
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ื›ืš ืฉืื ื™ ืœื ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉืื•ืชื• ืžื•ืจื” ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ืชืขืจื‘
ื•ื™ืฉืืœ ืืช ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ ืฉืืœื•ืช ืœื ื ื•ื—ื•ืช:
12:35
and have to ask the kid awkward questions:
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"ืžื” ืื™ื ืš ืžื‘ื™ืŸ?" ืื• "ืžื” ืืชื” ื›ืŸ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ?"
12:37
"What don't you understand? What do you understand?" and all the rest.
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ื•ื›ืš ื”ืœืื”.
12:40
So our paradigm is to arm teachers with as much data as possible --
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ื›ืš ืฉื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื•ื ืžืžืฉ ืœืฆื™ื™ื“ ืืช ื”ืžื•ืจื” ื‘ื›ืžื” ืฉื™ื•ืชืจ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื --
12:43
data that, in any other field, is expected,
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ืžืžืฉ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื, ืฉื›ืžืขื˜ ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื—ื•ื ืื—ืจ, ื”ื ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ื™ืžืฆื,
12:45
in finance, marketing, manufacturing --
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื–ื” ื›ืกืคื™ื, ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง ืื• ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ.
12:47
so the teachers can diagnose what's wrong with the students
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ื•ื›ืš ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืขืฆื ืœืื‘ื—ืŸ ืžื” ืœื ื‘ืกื“ืจ ืืฆืœ ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื
12:50
so they can make their interaction as productive as possible.
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ื›ืš ืฉื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ืžื’ืขื™ื”ื ืขื ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืœื›ืžื” ืฉื™ื•ืชืจ ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื™ื.
12:53
Now teachers know exactly what the students have been up to,
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ืื– ื›ืขืช ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืขื ืžื” ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•,
12:56
how long they've spent each day, what videos they've watched,
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ื›ืžื” ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื ื”ืงื“ื™ืฉื• ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื, ืื™ื–ื” ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ื”ื ืฆืคื•,
ืžืชื™ ื”ื ืขืฆืจื• ืืช ื”ืฆืคื™ื™ื”, ืžืชื™ ื”ื ื”ืคืกื™ืงื• ืœืฆืคื•ืช,
12:59
when did they pause the videos, what did they stop watching,
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ืื™ื–ื” ืชืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื,
13:02
what exercises are they using, what have they focused on?
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ื‘ืžื” ื”ื ื”ืชืจื›ื–ื•?
13:04
The outer circle shows what exercises they were focused on.
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ื”ืžืขื’ืœ ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ืžืจืื” ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ืชืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ื”ื ื”ืชืจื›ื–ื•.
13:07
The inner circle shows the videos they're focused on.
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ื”ืžืขื’ืœ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืžืจืื” ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ื”ื ื”ืชืจื›ื–ื•.
ื•ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืœื“ื™ ืžื•ืคืจื“ื™ื ื•ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื
13:11
The data gets pretty granular,
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13:12
so you can see the exact problems the student got right or wrong.
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ื›ืš ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ืื™ื–ื” ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ ืคืชืจ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืื• ืฉื’ื” ื‘ื”ืŸ.
13:15
Red is wrong, blue is right.
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ืื“ื•ื ื–ื” ืฉื’ื™ืื”, ื›ื—ื•ืœ ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
13:17
The leftmost question is the first one the student attempted.
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ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ืฉืžืืœื™ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื™ื ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื ื™ืกื”.
ื”ื ืฆืคื• ื‘ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื”ื•ื ืฉื.
13:20
They watched the video over there.
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ื•ืื– ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช, ื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ืฉื”ื™ื• ืœื”ื 10 ื”ืฆืœื—ื•ืช ื‘ืจืฆืฃ.
13:22
And you can see, eventually they were able to get 10 in a row.
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ื–ื” ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ืื™ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืื•ืชื ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืขืฉืจืช ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช.
13:25
It's almost like you can see them learning over those last 10 problems.
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ื”ื ื’ื ื”ืคื›ื• ืœื–ืจื™ื–ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.
13:28
They also got faster -- the height is how long it took them.
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ื”ื’ื•ื‘ื” ืื•ืžืจ ื›ืžื” ื–ืžืŸ ื–ื” ืœืงื— ืœื”ื.
13:33
When you talk about self-paced learning, it makes sense for everyone --
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ื›ืš ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ืื™ืฉื™,
ื–ื” ื ืจืื” ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืœื›ื•ืœื -- ื‘ืฉืคืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืžื•ืชืื ืื™ืฉื™ืช --
13:38
in education-speak, "differentiated learning" --
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13:40
but it's kind of crazy, what happens when you see it in a classroom.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื“ื™ ืžื‘ื•ืœื’ืŸ ื›ืืฉืจ ื–ื” ืžืชื ื”ืœ ื‘ื›ื™ืชื”.
ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉืขืฉื™ื ื• ื–ืืช,
13:44
Because every time we've done this, in every classroom we've done,
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ื‘ื›ืœ ื›ื™ืชืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ื”,
13:48
over and over again, if you go five days into it,
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ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืฉื•ื‘, ืื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืืœื™ื” 5 ื™ืžื™ื,
13:50
there's a group of kids who've raced ahead
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ื™ืฉ ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืจืฆื” ืงื“ื™ืžื”
ื•ื™ืฉ ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืงืฆืช ืื™ื˜ื™ืช.
13:53
and a group who are a little bit slower.
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13:54
In a traditional model, in a snapshot assessment,
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ื‘ืžื•ื“ืœ ืžืกื•ืจืชื™, ืื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืื•ืžื“ืŸ ืจื’ืขื™,
ืื•ืžืจื™ื, "ืืœื” ื”ื ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืžื•ื›ืฉืจื™ื, ืืœื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืื™ื˜ื™ื™ื.
13:57
you say, "These are the gifted kids, these are the slow kids.
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ืื•ืœื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื ืœืžืกืœื•ืœ ืื—ืจ.
14:00
Maybe they should be tracked differently.
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ืื•ืœื™ ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืฉื™ื ืื•ืชื ื‘ื›ื™ืชื•ืช ื ืคืจื“ื•ืช."
14:02
Maybe we should put them in different classes."
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืžืชืื™ื ืœื• --
14:04
But when you let students work at their own pace --
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ื•ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื–ืืช ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืฉื•ื‘ --
14:06
we see it over and over again --
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14:08
you see students who took a little bit extra time
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ืจื•ืื™ื ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืฉื”ืฉืชื”ื• ืงืฆืช ื™ื•ืชืจ
ืขืœ ื‘ืขื™ื” ื›ื–ื• ืื• ืื—ืจืช,
14:11
on one concept or the other,
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14:12
but once they get through that concept,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉื”ื ื”ืฉืชืœื˜ื• ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื”,
ื”ื ืฉื•ืขื˜ื™ื ืงื“ื™ืžื”.
14:15
they just race ahead.
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14:16
And so the same kids that you thought were slow six weeks ago,
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ื›ืš ืฉืื•ืชื ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉื—ืฉื‘ื ื• ืฉื”ื ืื™ื˜ื™ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื™ืฉื” ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช,
14:19
you now would think are gifted.
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ื›ืขืช ืืคืฉืจ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื”ื ืžื—ื•ื ื ื™ื.
14:21
And we're seeing it over and over again.
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ื•ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื–ืืช ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืฉื•ื‘.
14:23
It makes you really wonder
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ื•ื–ื” ืžื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืชื”ื•ืช
14:25
how much all of the labels maybe a lot of us have benefited from
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ื›ืžื” ืžื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ืฉืจื‘ื™ื ืžืื™ืชื ื• ืื•ืœื™ ื”ืจื•ื™ื—ื• ืžื”ืŸ
14:28
were really just due to a coincidence of time.
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ื”ื™ื• ืœืืžื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืจืง ืฆื™ืจื•ืฃ-ืžืงืจื™ื.
14:34
Now as valuable as something like this is in a district like Los Altos,
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ื›ืขืช ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืฉื”ื• ื›ื” ืจื‘-ืขืจืš ื›ืžื• ื–ื”
ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืžื—ื•ื– ื›ืžื• ืœื•ืก-ืืœื˜ื•ืก,
14:39
our goal is to use technology
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ืžื˜ืจืชื ื• ื”ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”
14:41
to humanize, not just in Los Altos, but on a global scale,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืช ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืื•ืคื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื ื•ืฉื™, ืœื ืจืง ื‘ืœื•ืก-ืืœื˜ื•ืก
14:44
what's happening in education.
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ืืœื ื‘ืงื ื”-ืžื™ื“ื” ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™.
14:46
And that brings up an interesting point.
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ื•ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื–ื” ืžืขืœื” ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ืช.
ื—ืœืง ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžื”ืžืืžืฅ ืœื”ืคื™ื›ืช ื”ื›ื™ืชื” ืœืื ื•ืฉื™ืช
14:49
A lot of the effort in humanizing the classroom
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14:51
is focused on student-to-teacher ratios.
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ืžืชืžืงื“ ื‘ื™ื—ืกื™ ืชืœืžื™ื“-ืžื•ืจื”.
14:54
In our mind, the relevant metric is:
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ืœื“ืขืชื ื•, ื”ืกืงืืœื” ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ืช
ื”ื™ื ื” ื”ื™ื—ืก ืชืœืžื™ื“-ื–ืžืŸ ืื™ื›ื•ืช
14:57
student-to-valuable-human-time- with-the-teacher ratio.
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ืขื ื”ืžื•ืจื”.
15:01
So in a traditional model, most of the teacher's time
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ื›ืš ืฉื‘ืžื•ื“ืœ ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™, ืจื•ื‘ ื–ืžื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืจื”
15:03
is spent doing lectures and grading and whatnot.
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ืžื•ืงื“ืฉ ืœืžืชืŸ ื”ืจืฆืื•ืช ื•ืžืชืŸ ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื ื•ืžื” ืœื.
15:06
Maybe five percent of their time is sitting next to students
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ืื•ืœื™ 5 ืื—ื•ื– ืžื–ืžื ื ื”ื ืžืžืฉ ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืœื™ื“ ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื
ื•ืžืžืฉ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืื™ืชื.
15:09
and working with them.
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15:10
Now, 100 percent of their time is.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืื™ืชื 100 ืื—ื•ื– ืžื–ืžื ื.
15:12
So once again, using technology, not just flipping the classroom,
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ืื– ืฉื•ื‘, ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”, ืœื ืจืง ื‘ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ืžื”ืคืš ื‘ื›ื™ืชื”,
15:15
you're humanizing the classroom, I'd argue,
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืื ื• ืžืขื ื™ืงื™ื ืœื›ื™ืชื” ืื•ืคื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื ื•ืฉื™,
ืคื™ 5 ืื• 10.
15:18
by a factor of five or 10.
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15:20
As valuable as that is in Los Altos,
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ื•ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ืฉื–ื” ื‘ืขืœ ืขืจืš ื‘ืœื•ืก-ืืœื˜ื•ืก,
15:22
imagine what it does to the adult learner,
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ืชื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ืžื” ื–ื” ืขื•ืฉื” ืœืœื•ืžื“ ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจ
15:24
who's embarrassed to go back and learn stuff
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ืฉื—ืฉ ืžื‘ื•ื›ื” ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื•ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืžืจ
15:26
they should have known before going back to college.
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ืฉื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื“ืขืช ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื.
ื ืกื• ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืžื” ื–ื” ืขื•ืฉื”
15:29
Imagine what it does to a street kid in Calcutta,
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ืœื™ืœื“-ืจื—ื•ื‘ ื‘ื›ืœื›ืชื”
15:34
who has to help his family during the day,
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ืฉืขืœื™ื• ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืžืฉืคื—ืชื• ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื™ื•ื,
15:37
and that's the reason he or she can't go to school.
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ื•ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืื• ื”ื™ื ืื™ื ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืœื›ืช ืœื‘ื™ืช-ืกืคืจ.
ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืฉืขืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื•ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื,
15:40
Now they can spend two hours a day and remediate,
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15:42
or get up to speed and not feel embarrassed
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ืื• ืœื”ื“ื‘ื™ืง ืืช ื”ืคืขืจ ื•ืœื ืœื—ื•ืฉ ืžื‘ื•ื›ื”
ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืœืžื” ืฉื”ื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืื• ืœื.
15:45
about what they do or don't know.
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15:47
Now imagine what happens where --
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ื›ืขืช ื ืกื• ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืžื” ืงื•ืจื” ื›ืืฉืจ --
15:49
we talked about the peers teaching each other
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ื“ื™ื‘ืจื ื• ืขืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืžืœืžื“ื™ื
ืื—ื“ ืืช ื”ืฉื ื™ ื‘ื›ื™ืชื”.
15:52
inside of a classroom.
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื ืžืขืจื›ืช ืื—ืช.
15:54
But this is all one system.
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15:55
There's no reason why you can't have that peer-to-peer tutoring
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ืื™ืŸ ืกื™ื‘ื” ืžื“ื•ืข ืฉืœื ืชื”ื™ื”
ืื•ืชื” ื”ื“ืจื›ื” ื—ื‘ืจื™ืช
15:59
beyond that one classroom.
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ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื›ื™ืชืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื—ืช.
16:01
Imagine what happens if that student in Calcutta
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ื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ืžื” ื™ืงืจื” ืื ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื‘ื›ืœื›ืชื”
16:04
all of the sudden can tutor your son,
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ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืคืชืื•ื ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื‘ื ืš,
16:06
or your son can tutor that kid in Calcutta.
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ืื• ืฉื‘ื ืš ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ืื•ืชื• ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื‘ื›ืœื›ืชื”?
16:09
And I think what you'll see emerging
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ื•ืื ื™ ืกื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื ืจืื” ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช
16:11
is this notion of a global one-world classroom.
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ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื™ืชืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื—ืช ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช.
16:17
And that's essentially what we're trying to build.
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ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื‘ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืื ื• ืžื ืกื™ื ืœื”ืงื™ื.
16:21
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
16:22
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
16:31
Bill Gates: I'll ask about two or three questions.
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16:33
Salman Khan: Oh, OK.
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16:35
(Applause continues)
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17:02
(Applause ends)
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17:04
BG: I've seen some things you're doing in the system,
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ื‘ื™ืœ ื’ื™ื™ื˜ืก: ืจืื™ืชื™ ื›ืžื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืืชื” ืขื•ืฉื” ืขื ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช
17:07
that have to do with motivation and feedback --
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ืืฉืจ ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืžื•ื˜ื™ื‘ืฆื™ื” ื•ืžืฉื•ื‘ --
17:09
energy points, merit badges.
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ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืจืฆื”, ืชื’ื™ ื”ืฆื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ืช.
17:12
Tell me what you're thinking there.
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ืกืคืจ ืœื™ ืขืœ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืชื™ืš ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื”.
17:14
SK: Oh yeah. No, we have an awesome team working on it.
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ืก.ื—.: ื›ืŸ, ื‘ื˜ื—. ืœื, ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื ื”ื“ืจืช ืฉืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ืขืœ ื–ื”.
17:16
I have to be clear, it's not just me anymore.
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ื•ืขืœื™ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื”ื™ืจ, ื–ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ืจืง ืื ื™.
ืื ื™ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื,
17:19
I'm still doing all the videos,
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17:20
but we have a rock-star team doing the software.
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืคื’ื– ืฉื›ื•ืชื‘ืช ืืช ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื”.
17:22
We've put a bunch of game mechanics in there, where you get badges,
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ื›ืŸ, ื”ื›ื ืกื ื• ื›ืžื” ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืžืฉื—ืง
ืฉืœืคื™ื”ื ื–ื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ืชื’ื™ื ืืœื•,
17:26
we're going to start having leader boards by area, you get points.
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ืื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืœืคื™ ืื–ื•ืจื™ื, ื•ื›ืš ื–ื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช.
17:29
It's actually been pretty interesting.
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ื‘ืขืฆื ื–ื” ื“ื™ ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ.
17:31
Just the wording of the badging,
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ืจืง ืœืคื™ ื”ื ื™ืกื•ื— ืฉืขืœ ื”ืชื’ื™ื ืื• ื‘ื›ืžื” ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื–ื•ื›ื™ื ืชืžื•ืจืช ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ืžืฉื”ื•,
17:32
or how many points you get for doing something,
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ืื ื• ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื›ื•ืœื”,
17:35
we see on a system-wide basis,
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17:36
like tens of thousands of fifth-graders or sixth-graders
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ืžืฉื”ื• ื›ืžื• ืขืฉืจื•ืช-ืืœืคื™ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื›ื™ืชื” ื”' ืื• ื•'
ื”ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื–ื” ืื• ืื—ืจ,
17:39
going one direction or another, depending what badge you give them.
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ืชืœื•ื™ ืื™ื–ื” ืชื’ ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืœื”ื.
17:42
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
17:44
BG: And the collaboration you're doing with Los Altos,
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ื‘.ื’.: ื•ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ-ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ืฉืœื›ื ืขื ืœื•ืก-ืืœื˜ื•ืก,
17:47
how did that come about?
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ืื™ืš ื–ื” ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ?
17:49
SK: Los Altos, it was kind of crazy.
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ืก.ื—.: ืœื•ืก-ืืœื˜ื•ืก, ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื“ื™ ืžืฉื•ื ื”.
ืฉื•ื‘, ืœื ืฆื™ืคื™ืชื™ ืฉื–ื” ื™ืฉืžืฉ ื‘ื›ื™ืชื•ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“.
17:52
Once again, I didn't expect it to be used in classrooms.
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17:55
Someone from their board came and said,
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ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืžื”ื”ื ื”ืœื” ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ื ื•ืืžืจ,
17:57
"What would you do if you had carte Blanche in a classroom?"
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"ืžื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืื ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื›ื ื™ื“-ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช ื‘ื›ื™ืชื”?"
ืขื ื™ืชื™, "ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืฉื›ืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื™ืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœื•
18:00
I said, "Well, every student would work at their own pace,
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ืขืœ ืžืฉื”ื• ื›ื–ื” ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืœื•ื—-ื‘ืงืจื”."
18:03
on something like this, we'd give a dashboard."
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ื•ื”ื ืืžืจื•, "ื–ื” ืงืฆืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™. ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื–ื”."
18:05
They said, "This is kind of radical. We have to think about it."
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ื•ืื ื™ ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื—ืฉื‘ื ื•
18:08
Me and the rest of the team were like, "They're never going to want to do this."
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ืฉื”ื ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ื™ืจืฆื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช.
ืื‘ืœ ื›ื‘ืจ ืœืžื—ืจืช ื”ื ื‘ืื• ื•ืืžืจื•, "ื”ืื ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืชื•ืš ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™ื™ื?"
18:12
But literally the next day they were like, "Can you start in two weeks?"
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
18:15
(Laughter)
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ื‘.ื’: ืื– ื–ื” ื ืžืฆื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ืจืžื” ืฉืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื›ื™ืชื” ื”'?
18:17
BG: So fifth-grade math is where that's going on right now?
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ืก.ื—.: ืืœื” ืฉืชื™ ื›ื™ืชื•ืช ื”' ื•ืฉืชื™ ื›ื™ืชื•ืช ื–'.
18:20
SK: It's two fifth-grade classes and two seventh-grade classes.
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ื•ื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื–ืืช ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ืžื—ื•ื–.
18:23
They're doing it at the district level.
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื”ื ืžืชืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืžื–ื” ืฉื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ืœืœื•.
18:25
I think what they're excited about is they can follow these kids,
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ื–ื” ืœื ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ืจืง-ื‘ื‘ื™ืช-ืกืคืจ.
18:28
not only in school; on Christmas, we saw some of the kids were doing it.
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ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื—ื’-ื”ืžื•ืœื“, ืจืื™ื ื• ื›ืžื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื–ื”.
18:31
We can track everything, track them as they go through the entire district.
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ื•ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ ื”ื›ืœ.
ื›ืš ืฉื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจื™ื”ื ืœื›ืœ ืื•ืจืš ื•ืจื•ื—ื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื—ื•ื–.
18:35
Through the summers, as they go from one teacher to the next,
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ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื—ื•ืคืฉืช ื”ืงื™ืฅ, ื›ืืฉืจ ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืžื•ืจื” ืœืžื•ืจื”,
ื™ืฉ ื”ืžืฉื›ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื
18:38
you have this continuity of data that even at the district level, they can see.
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ื•ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ืžื—ื•ื–.
ื‘.ื’.: ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืชืฆื•ื’ื•ืช ืฉืจืื™ื ื•
18:42
BG: So some of those views we saw were for the teacher
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ื”ื™ื• ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื
18:45
to go in and track actually what's going on with those kids.
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ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ื•ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ืืฆืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื.
18:48
So you're getting feedback on those teacher views
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ืื– ื”ืื ืืชื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ืจื•ืื™ื
ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ืขืช ืžื” ื“ืขืชื ืขืœ ื”ืชืฆื•ื’ื•ืช?
18:51
to see what they think they need?
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18:53
SK: Oh yeah. Most of those were specs by the teachers.
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ืก.ื—.: ื›ืŸ ื‘ื˜ื—. ืจื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ืŸ ืชืฆื•ื’ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื’ื“ืจื• ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื.
ื‘ื ื™ื ื• ื›ืžื” ืžื”ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื›ืš ืฉื”ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื,
18:57
We made some of those for students so they could see their data,
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืœื•ืœืืช ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื”ื“ื•ืงื” ืขื ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ืขืฆืžื.
19:00
but we have a very tight design loop with the teachers themselves.
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ื•ื”ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ื• ื›ืžืฉืžืขื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื, "ื”ื™ื™, ื–ื” ื ื—ืžื“, ืื‘ืœ..."
19:03
And they're saying, "Hey, this is nice, but --"
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19:05
Like that focus graph, a lot of the teachers said,
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ื›ืžื• ืื•ืชื• ื’ืจืฃ ืžื™ืงื•ื“, ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื•ืจื™ื ืืžืจื•,
"ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ื”ืจื’ืฉื” ืฉื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืžืงืคืฆื™ื ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘
19:08
"I have a feeling a lot of the kids are jumping around
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ื•ืื™ื ื ืžืชืžืงื“ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื."
19:10
and not focusing on one topic."
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ืœื›ืŸ ื™ืฆืจื ื• ืืช ืชืจืฉื™ื ื”ืžื™ืงื•ื“.
19:12
So we made that focus diagram.
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19:13
So it's all been teacher-driven. It's been pretty crazy.
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ื›ืš ืฉื”ื›ืœ ืžื’ื™ืข ืžืŸ ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื.
ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื“ื™ ืžื˜ื•ืจืฃ.
19:16
BG: Is this ready for prime time?
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ื‘.ื’.: ื”ืื ื–ื” ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœื”ืคืขืœื” ืขืœ ืืžืช?
19:18
Do you think a lot of classes next school year should try this thing out?
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ื”ืื ืืชื” ืกื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื”ืจื‘ื” ื›ื™ืชื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืœื ืกื•ืช ืืช ื–ื”?
19:22
SK: Yeah, it's ready.
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ืก.ื—.: ื›ืŸ, ื–ื” ืžื•ื›ืŸ.
19:23
We've got a million people on the site already,
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืžื‘ืงืจื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ,
19:26
so we can handle a few more.
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ื›ืš ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืกืชื“ืจ ืขื ืขื•ื“ ื›ืžื”.
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
19:29
(Laughter)
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19:31
No, no reason why it really can't happen
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ืœื, ืื™ืŸ ืกื™ื‘ื” ืžื“ื•ืข ื–ื” ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืงืจื•ืช
19:33
in every classroom in America tomorrow.
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ืžื—ืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ื›ื™ืชื” ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘.
19:35
BG: And the vision of the tutoring thing.
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ื‘.ื’.: ื•ื”ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื“ืจื›ื•ืช.
19:38
The idea there is, if I'm confused about a topic,
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ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉืื ืื ื™ ืžืชื‘ืœื‘ืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื,
19:41
somehow right in the user interface,
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ืฉืื™ื›ืฉื”ื• ื™ืฉืจ ื‘ืžืžืฉืง ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉ
19:43
I'd find people who are volunteering,
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ื™ื”ื™ื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืžืชื ื“ื‘ื™ื,
19:45
maybe see their reputation,
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ืื•ืœื™ ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžื•ื ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื”ื,
19:47
and I could schedule and connect up with those people?
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ื•ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืœื•ื—-ื–ืžื ื™ื ื•ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืงืฉืจ ืขื ืื•ืชื ืื ืฉื™ื?
19:50
SK: Absolutely. And this is something I recommend everyone in this audience do.
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ืก.ื—.: ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜. ื•ื–ื” ืžืฉื”ื•
ืฉืื ื™ ืžืžืœื™ืฅ ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืงื”ืœ ื–ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช.
19:54
Those dashboards the teachers have, you can go log in right now
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ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ื”ืืœื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืžื•ืจื™ื, ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชื—ื‘ืจ ืืœื™ื”ื ื‘ืจื’ืข ื–ื”
19:57
and you can essentially become a coach
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ื•ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœืžื“ืจื™ื›ื™ื
19:59
for your kids, your nephews, your cousins,
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ืฉืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ื›ื, ืื• ืื—ื™ื™ื ื™ื›ื ืื• ื‘ื ื™-ื“ื•ื“ื›ื,
20:02
or maybe some kids at the Boys and Girls Club.
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ืื• ืฉืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื›ืœืฉื”ื ื‘"ืžื•ืขื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื ื•ืช".
ื•ื›ืŸ, ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ืื• ืžื“ืจื™ื›ื™ื
20:05
And yeah, you can start becoming a mentor, a tutor,
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20:07
really immediately.
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ืžืžืฉ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•.
20:09
But yeah, it's all there.
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ื›ืŸ, ื”ื›ืœ ืฉื.
20:11
BG: Well, it's amazing.
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ื‘.ื’.: ื–ื” ืžื“ื”ื™ื.
20:12
I think you just got a glimpse of the future of education.
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœืชื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ืฆืฆื” ืืœ ืขืชื™ื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš.
20:15
BG: Thank you. SK: Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืœืš. (ืก.ื—.: ืชื•ื“ื”.)
20:17
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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