Bunker Roy: Learning from a barefoot movement

550,469 views ・ 2011-10-17

TED


Dvaput kliknite na engleske titlove ispod za reprodukciju videozapisa.

Prevoditelj: Kristina Prebeg Recezent: Tilen Pigac - EFZG
00:15
I'd like to take you to another world.
0
15260
4000
Želio bih vas povesti u drugi svijet.
00:19
And I'd like to share
1
19260
2000
I želio bih podijeliti
00:21
a 45 year-old love story
2
21260
4000
45 godina staru ljubavnu priču
00:25
with the poor,
3
25260
3000
sa siromaštvom,
00:28
living on less than one dollar a day.
4
28260
3000
životom s manje od jednog dolara na dan.
00:33
I went to a very elitist, snobbish,
5
33260
4000
Pohađao sam vrlo elitno, snobovsko,
00:37
expensive education in India,
6
37260
4000
skupo obrazovanje u Indiji
00:41
and that almost destroyed me.
7
41260
3000
i to me gotovo uništilo.
00:46
I was all set
8
46260
2000
Bio sam predodređen
00:48
to be a diplomat, teacher, doctor --
9
48260
3000
da budem diplomat, učitelj, liječnik --
00:51
all laid out.
10
51260
4000
sve je bilo posloženo.
00:55
Then, I don't look it, but I was the Indian national squash champion
11
55260
3000
Iako, ne izgleda tako, bio sam indijski nacionalni prvak u skvošu
00:58
for three years.
12
58260
2000
tri godine.
01:00
(Laughter)
13
60260
2000
(Smijeh)
01:02
The whole world was laid out for me.
14
62260
3000
Cijeli svijet mi je bio na raspolaganju.
01:05
Everything was at my feet.
15
65260
2000
Sve mi je bilo na dohvat ruke.
01:07
I could do nothing wrong.
16
67260
3000
Nisam mogao pogriješiti.
01:10
And then I thought out of curiosity
17
70260
2000
I onda sam iz znatiželje
01:12
I'd like to go and live and work
18
72260
2000
poželio otići živjeti i raditi
01:14
and just see what a village is like.
19
74260
2000
na selu, samo da vidim kako je to.
01:16
So in 1965,
20
76260
2000
I tako sam 1965. godine
01:18
I went to what was called the worst Bihar famine in India,
21
78260
4000
otišao u Bihar, mjesto najgore oskudice u Indiji
01:22
and I saw starvation, death,
22
82260
3000
i vidio sam izgladnjelost, smrt,
01:25
people dying of hunger, for the first time.
23
85260
3000
ljude koji umiru od gladi, i to po prvi put u životu.
01:28
It changed my life.
24
88260
3000
Promijenilo mi je život.
01:31
I came back home,
25
91260
2000
Vratio sam se kući,
01:33
told my mother,
26
93260
2000
rekao majci,
01:35
"I'd like to live and work in a village."
27
95260
3000
"Želio bih živjeti i raditi na selu."
01:38
Mother went into a coma.
28
98260
2000
Majka je pala u nesvijest.
01:40
(Laughter)
29
100260
3000
(Smijeh)
01:43
"What is this?
30
103260
2000
"Što je ovo?
01:45
The whole world is laid out for you, the best jobs are laid out for you,
31
105260
3000
Cijeli svijet ti je na raspolaganju, nude ti se najbolji poslovi,
01:48
and you want to go and work in a village?
32
108260
2000
i ti želiš otići i raditi na selu?
01:50
I mean, is there something wrong with you?"
33
110260
2000
Mislim, što nije u redu s tobom?"
01:52
I said, "No, I've got the best eduction.
34
112260
2000
Rekao sam: " Ne, imao sam najbolje obrazovanje.
01:54
It made me think.
35
114260
2000
Natjeralo me da razmislim.
01:56
And I wanted to give something back
36
116260
3000
I želio bih doprinijeti
01:59
in my own way."
37
119260
2000
na svoj način."
02:01
"What do you want to do in a village?
38
121260
2000
"Što bi želio raditi na selu?
02:03
No job, no money,
39
123260
2000
Bez posla, bez novca,
02:05
no security, no prospect."
40
125260
2000
bez sigurnosti, bez napredovanja."
02:07
I said, "I want to live
41
127260
2000
Rekao sam: " Hoću živjeti tamo
02:09
and dig wells for five years."
42
129260
3000
i kopati bunare pet godina."
02:12
"Dig wells for five years?
43
132260
2000
"Kopati bunare pet godina?
02:14
You went to the most expensive school and college in India,
44
134260
3000
Pohađao si najskuplju školu i fakultet u Indiji
02:17
and you want to dig wells for five years?"
45
137260
2000
i želiš kopati bunare slijedećih pet godina?"
02:19
She didn't speak to me for a very long time,
46
139260
4000
Dugo nije razgovarala sa mnom
02:23
because she thought I'd let my family down.
47
143260
3000
jer je smatrala da sam iznevjerio obitelj.
02:28
But then,
48
148260
2000
Ali tada,
02:30
I was exposed to the most extraordinary knowledge and skills
49
150260
3000
bio sam izložen najneobičnijem znanju i vještinama
02:33
that very poor people have,
50
153260
2000
koje posjeduju vrlo siromašni ljudi,
02:35
which are never brought into the mainstream --
51
155260
3000
a nisu uvrštena u regularno obrazovanje --
02:38
which is never identified, respected,
52
158260
2000
koje nikada nije definirano, vrednovano,
02:40
applied on a large scale.
53
160260
2000
primijenjeno u širokoj upotrebi.
02:42
And I thought I'd start a Barefoot College --
54
162260
2000
I pomislio sam, osnovat ću Bosonogu školu --
02:44
college only for the poor.
55
164260
2000
školu samo za siromašne.
02:46
What the poor thought was important
56
166260
2000
Ono što siromašni misle da je važno
02:48
would be reflected in the college.
57
168260
3000
bit će preneseno u školu.
02:52
I went to this village for the first time.
58
172260
2000
Otišao sam u to selo po prvi put.
02:54
Elders came to me
59
174260
2000
Starješine su došle do mene
02:56
and said, "Are you running from the police?"
60
176260
2000
i pitali me: " Bježiš li od policije?"
02:58
I said, "No."
61
178260
2000
Rekao sam: "Ne."
03:00
(Laughter)
62
180260
3000
(Smijeh)
03:04
"You failed in your exam?"
63
184260
2000
"Pao si na ispitu?"
03:06
I said, "No."
64
186260
2000
Rekao sam: "Ne."
03:08
"You didn't get a government job?" I said, "No."
65
188260
3000
"Nisi dobio državni posao?" -- Rekao sam: "Ne."
03:11
"What are you doing here?
66
191260
2000
"Što onda radiš ovdje?
03:13
Why are you here?
67
193260
2000
Zašto si ovdje?
03:15
The education system in India
68
195260
2000
Obrazovni sustav u Indiji
03:17
makes you look at Paris and New Delhi and Zurich;
69
197260
3000
usmjerava te prema Parizu, New Delhiju i Zurichu;
03:20
what are you doing in this village?
70
200260
2000
što radiš u ovom selu?
03:22
Is there something wrong with you you're not telling us?"
71
202260
3000
Postoji li nešto što nam prešućuješ o sebi?"
03:25
I said, "No, I want to actually start a college
72
205260
3000
Rekao sam: Ne, zaista želim osnovati školu
03:28
only for the poor.
73
208260
2000
samo za siromašne.
03:30
What the poor thought was important would be reflected in the college."
74
210260
3000
Ono što siromašni misle da je važno, podučavat će se u ovoj školi."
03:33
So the elders gave me some very sound and profound advice.
75
213260
4000
Onda su mi starješine dale vrlo jasan i mudar savjet.
03:37
They said, "Please,
76
217260
2000
Rekli su:"Molimo te,
03:39
don't bring anyone with a degree and qualification
77
219260
3000
ne dovodi nikoga s diplomom i kvalifikacijama
03:42
into your college."
78
222260
2000
u svoju školu."
03:44
So it's the only college in India
79
224260
3000
I tako je ovo jedina škola u Indiji
03:47
where, if you should have a Ph.D. or a Master's,
80
227260
3000
u kojoj, ako imate doktorat ili magisterij,
03:50
you are disqualified to come.
81
230260
2000
niste dobrodošli.
03:52
You have to be a cop-out or a wash-out or a dropout
82
232260
5000
Morate biti osoba koja je odustala, nije dovoljno dobra ili neobrazovana
03:57
to come to our college.
83
237260
3000
kako bi bili primljeni u našu školu.
04:00
You have to work with your hands.
84
240260
2000
Morate raditi svojim rukama.
04:02
You have to have a dignity of labor.
85
242260
2000
Morate imati dostojanstvo za fizički rad.
04:04
You have to show that you have a skill that you can offer to the community
86
244260
3000
Morate pokazati da imate vještinu koju možete ponuditi zajednici
04:07
and provide a service to the community.
87
247260
3000
i osigurati uslugu zajednici.
04:10
So we started the Barefoot College,
88
250260
3000
Tako smo osnovali Bosonogu školu
04:13
and we redefined professionalism.
89
253260
2000
i promijenili pojam profesionalizma.
04:15
Who is a professional?
90
255260
2000
Tko je profesionalac?
04:17
A professional is someone
91
257260
2000
Profesionalac je osoba
04:19
who has a combination of competence,
92
259260
2000
koja ima kombinaciju sposobnosti,
04:21
confidence and belief.
93
261260
3000
samopouzdanje i vjere.
04:24
A water diviner is a professional.
94
264260
3000
Osoba koja zna pronaći vodu je profesionalac.
04:27
A traditional midwife
95
267260
2000
Tradicionalna primalja
04:29
is a professional.
96
269260
2000
je profesionalac.
04:31
A traditional bone setter is a professional.
97
271260
3000
Tradicionalni kiropraktičar je profesionalac.
04:34
These are professionals all over the world.
98
274260
2000
Takvih profesionalaca ima diljem svjeta.
04:36
You find them in any inaccessible village around the world.
99
276260
4000
Naći ćete ih u svakom nedostupnom selu posvuda u svijetu.
04:40
And we thought that these people should come into the mainstream
100
280260
3000
I smatramo da ti ljudi trebaju biti dio regularnog obrazovanja
04:43
and show that the knowledge and skills that they have
101
283260
3000
i pokazati da su znanja i vještine koje posjeduju
04:46
is universal.
102
286260
2000
univerzalna.
04:48
It needs to be used, needs to be applied,
103
288260
2000
Potrebno ih je upotrijebiti, primjeniti,
04:50
needs to be shown to the world outside --
104
290260
2000
potrebno je pokazati vanjskom svijetu --
04:52
that these knowledge and skills
105
292260
2000
da su ta znanja i vještine
04:54
are relevant even today.
106
294260
4000
važna još i danas.
04:58
So the college works
107
298260
2000
Dakle, Škola djeluje
05:00
following the lifestyle and workstyle of Mahatma Gandhi.
108
300260
4000
slijedeći životni stil i princip rada Mahatme Gandhija.
05:04
You eat on the floor, you sleep on the floor, you work on the floor.
109
304260
4000
Jedeš na podu, spavaš na podu, radiš na podu.
05:08
There are no contracts, no written contracts.
110
308260
2000
Nema ugovora, nema pisanih ugovora.
05:10
You can stay with me for 20 years, go tomorrow.
111
310260
3000
Možete ostati sa mnom 20 godina, ili otići sutra.
05:13
And no one can get more than $100 a month.
112
313260
3000
I nitko ne može dobiti više od 100$ mjesečno.
05:16
You come for the money, you don't come to Barefoot College.
113
316260
3000
Ako dolazite zbog novca, nemojte dolazite u Bosonogu školu.
05:19
You come for the work and the challenge,
114
319260
2000
Ako dolazite zbog rada i izazova,
05:21
you'll come to the Barefoot College.
115
321260
2000
dođite u Bosonogu školu.
05:23
That is where we want you to try crazy ideas.
116
323260
3000
Ovdje želimo da isprobate i kreirate ideje.
05:26
Whatever idea you have, come and try it.
117
326260
2000
Kakvu god ideju imate, dođite i isprobajte je.
05:28
It doesn't matter if you fail.
118
328260
2000
Nije važno ako ne uspijete.
05:30
Battered, bruised, you start again.
119
330260
3000
Iscrpljeni, u modricama, počinjete ispočetka.
05:33
It's the only college where the teacher is the learner
120
333260
3000
Ovo je jedina škola gdje je učitelj učenik,
05:36
and the learner is the teacher.
121
336260
3000
a učenik je učitelj.
05:39
And it's the only college where we don't give a certificate.
122
339260
3000
I to je jedina škola u kojoj se ne izdaje certifikat.
05:42
You are certified by the community you serve.
123
342260
3000
Certificirani ste od zajednice kojoj služite.
05:45
You don't need a paper to hang on the wall
124
345260
2000
Ne treba vam papir koji ćete objesiti na zid
05:47
to show that you are an engineer.
125
347260
3000
kako biste pokazali da ste inženjer.
05:52
So when I said that,
126
352260
2000
Kada tako govorim,
05:54
they said, "Well show us what is possible. What are you doing?
127
354260
3000
kažu mi:"Pa, pokažite nam što je moguće. Što vi radite?
05:57
This is all mumbo-jumbo if you can't show it on the ground."
128
357260
4000
To su sve gluposti ako ih ne možete primijeniti u praksi."
06:01
So we built the first Barefoot College
129
361260
3000
Izgradili smo prvu Bosonogu školu
06:04
in 1986.
130
364260
3000
1986. godine.
06:07
It was built by 12 Barefoot architects
131
367260
2000
Izgradilo ju je 12 bosonogih arhitekta
06:09
who can't read and write,
132
369260
2000
koji ne znaju čitati i pisati,
06:11
built on $1.50 a sq. ft.
133
371260
3000
izgrađena je za 1.50$ po kvadratu.
06:14
150 people lived there, worked there.
134
374260
4000
150 ljudi živi i radi tamo.
06:18
They got the Aga Khan Award for Architecture in 2002.
135
378260
3000
2002. godine dobili su Nagradu za arhitekturu "Aga Khan".
06:21
But then they suspected, they thought there was an architect behind it.
136
381260
3000
No ubrzo su posumnjali kako iza svega stoji arhitekt.
06:24
I said, "Yes, they made the blueprints,
137
384260
2000
Rekao sam:"Da, izradio je nacrte,
06:26
but the Barefoot architects actually constructed the college."
138
386260
4000
ali arhitekti Bosonoge škole izgradili su školu."
06:31
We are the only ones who actually returned the award for $50,000,
139
391260
3000
Bili smo jedini koji su morali vratiti nagradu od 50.000$,
06:34
because they didn't believe us,
140
394260
2000
jer nam nisu vjerovali
06:36
and we thought that they were actually casting aspersions
141
396260
4000
i mislili smo da će širiti klevete
06:40
on the Barefoot architects of Tilonia.
142
400260
3000
o Bosonogim arhitektima Tilonije.
06:43
I asked a forester --
143
403260
2000
Pitao sam šumara,
06:45
high-powered, paper-qualified expert --
144
405260
3000
utjecajnog, visoko obrazovanog stručnjaka,
06:48
I said, "What can you build in this place?"
145
408260
3000
"Što možeš izgraditi na ovom mjestu?"
06:51
He had one look at the soil and said, "Forget it. No way.
146
411260
2000
Bacio je jedan pogled na zemljište i rekao:"Zaboravi. Nema šanse.
06:53
Not even worth it.
147
413260
2000
Nije vrijedno.
06:55
No water, rocky soil."
148
415260
2000
Nema vode, kameno zemljište."
06:57
I was in a bit of a spot.
149
417260
2000
Ostao sam malo zatečen.
06:59
And I said, "Okay, I'll go to the old man in village
150
419260
2000
I rekao:" Dobro. Otići ću do starca u selo
07:01
and say, 'What should I grow in this spot?'"
151
421260
3000
i reći:" Što bih mogao posaditi na ovom zemljištu?"
07:04
He looked quietly at me and said,
152
424260
2000
Smireno me pogledao i rekao,
07:06
"You build this, you build this, you put this, and it'll work."
153
426260
2000
"Izgradi ovo, izgradi ovo, napravi ovo, i uspjet će."
07:08
This is what it looks like today.
154
428260
3000
Ovako danas izgleda.
07:12
Went to the roof,
155
432260
2000
Otišao sam na krov
07:14
and all the women said, "Clear out.
156
434260
2000
i sve su žene rekle:"Makni se odavde.
07:16
The men should clear out because we don't want to share this technology with the men.
157
436260
3000
Muškarci trebaju otići, jer ne želimo s njima dijeliti ovu tehnologiju.
07:19
This is waterproofing the roof."
158
439260
2000
Ovo krov čini vodootpornim."
07:21
(Laughter)
159
441260
2000
(Smijeh)
07:23
It is a bit of jaggery, a bit of urens
160
443260
3000
To je malo nerafiniranog šećera, urina
07:26
and a bit of other things I don't know.
161
446260
2000
i još nekih sastojaka za koje ne znam.
07:28
But it actually doesn't leak.
162
448260
2000
Ali krov zaista ne prokišnjava.
07:30
Since 1986, it hasn't leaked.
163
450260
3000
Nije promočio od 1986.
07:33
This technology, the women will not share with the men.
164
453260
3000
Ovu tehnologiju žene odbijaju podijeliti s muškarcima.
07:36
(Laughter)
165
456260
3000
(Smijeh)
07:39
It's the only college
166
459260
2000
To je jedina škola
07:41
which is fully solar-electrified.
167
461260
4000
koja se u potpunosti napaja solarnom energijom
07:45
All the power comes from the sun.
168
465260
2000
Sva električna energija dolazi od sunca.
07:47
45 kilowatts of panels on the roof.
169
467260
2000
45 kW solarnih ploča na krovu.
07:49
And everything works off the sun for the next 25 years.
170
469260
2000
I sve radi pomoću sunca slijedećih 25 godina.
07:51
So long as the sun shines,
171
471260
2000
Dok god sija sunce,
07:53
we'll have no problem with power.
172
473260
2000
nećemo imati problema s električnom energijom.
07:55
But the beauty is
173
475260
2000
No ljepota je u tome
07:57
that is was installed
174
477260
3000
što je sve instalirao
08:00
by a priest, a Hindu priest,
175
480260
3000
svećenik, hindu svećenik,
08:03
who's only done eight years of primary schooling --
176
483260
3000
koji ima samo osnovno školovanje,
08:06
never been to school, never been to college.
177
486260
3000
nikad nije bio u školi, ni na fakultetu.
08:09
He knows more about solar
178
489260
2000
On zna više o solarnoj energiji
08:11
than anyone I know anywhere in the world guaranteed.
179
491260
4000
nego itko koga znam bilo gdje u svijetu, garantirano.
08:17
Food, if you come to the Barefoot College,
180
497260
2000
Hrana, ako dođete u Bosonogu školu,
08:19
is solar cooked.
181
499260
3000
kuhana je pomoću solarne energije.
08:22
But the people who fabricated that solar cooker
182
502260
3000
A osobe koje su proizvele to solarno kuhalo
08:25
are women,
183
505260
3000
su žene,
08:28
illiterate women,
184
508260
2000
nepismene žene,
08:30
who actually fabricate
185
510260
2000
koje zaista proizvode
08:32
the most sophisticated solar cooker.
186
512260
2000
najsofisticiranija solarna kuhala.
08:34
It's a parabolic Scheffler solar cooker.
187
514260
3000
To je parabolično Sheffler solarno kuhalo.
08:40
Unfortunately, they're almost half German,
188
520260
4000
Nažalost, one su gotovo polovinu Njemice,
08:44
they're so precise.
189
524260
2000
tako su precizne.
08:46
(Laughter)
190
526260
2000
(Smijeh)
08:48
You'll never find Indian women so precise.
191
528260
3000
Nikada nećete naći toliko preciznu Indijku.
08:52
Absolutely to the last inch,
192
532260
2000
Apsolutno do zadnjeg inča,
08:54
they can make that cooker.
193
534260
2000
one mogu proizvesti to kuhalo.
08:56
And we have 60 meals twice a day
194
536260
2000
I imamo 60 jela dva puta dnevno
08:58
of solar cooking.
195
538260
2000
solarno kuhana.
09:00
We have a dentist --
196
540260
2000
Imamo zubaricu,
09:02
she's a grandmother, illiterate, who's a dentist.
197
542260
3000
ona je baka, nepismena zubarica.
09:05
She actually looks after the teeth
198
545260
2000
Ona se uistinu brine o zubima
09:07
of 7,000 children.
199
547260
3000
7.000 djece.
09:11
Barefoot technology:
200
551260
2000
Bosonoga tehnologija:
09:13
this was 1986 -- no engineer, no architect thought of it --
201
553260
3000
Govorim o 1986. -- bez inženjera, arhitekta koji bi to osmislili --
09:16
but we are collecting rainwater from the roofs.
202
556260
3000
skupljali smo kišnicu s krovova.
09:19
Very little water is wasted.
203
559260
2000
Jako je malo vode ostalo neiskorišteno.
09:21
All the roofs are connected underground
204
561260
2000
Svi su krovovi povezni
09:23
to a 400,000 liter tank,
205
563260
2000
podzemnim spremnikom od 400.000 litara
09:25
and no water is wasted.
206
565260
2000
i ni jedna kap ne propadne.
09:27
If we have four years of drought, we still have water on the campus,
207
567260
3000
U slučaju 4 godine suše, i dalje bismo imali dovoljno vode na kampusu,
09:30
because we collect rainwater.
208
570260
2000
jer skupljamo kišnicu.
09:32
60 percent of children don't go to school,
209
572260
3000
60 posto djece ne ide u školu
09:35
because they have to look after animals --
210
575260
2000
jer se moraju brinuti o životinjama --
09:37
sheep, goats --
211
577260
2000
ovcama, kozama --
09:39
domestic chores.
212
579260
2000
raditi kućanske poslove.
09:41
So we thought of starting a school
213
581260
3000
Pa smo se sjetili započeti
09:44
at night for the children.
214
584260
2000
noćnu školu za djecu.
09:46
Because the night schools of Tilonia,
215
586260
2000
Zbog noćnih škola Talonije,
09:48
over 75,000 children have gone through these night schools.
216
588260
3000
više od 75.000 djece pohađa te noćne škole.
09:51
Because it's for the convenience of the child;
217
591260
2000
One su prilagođene potrebama djeteta,
09:53
it's not for the convenience of the teacher.
218
593260
2000
a ne potrebama učitelja.
09:55
And what do we teach in these schools?
219
595260
2000
Što podučavamo u tim školama?
09:57
Democracy, citizenship,
220
597260
2000
Demokraciju, državljanstvo,
09:59
how you should measure your land,
221
599260
3000
kako biste trebali mjeriti svoje zemljište,
10:02
what you should do if you're arrested,
222
602260
2000
što biste trebali napraviti ako vas uhite,
10:04
what you should do if your animal is sick.
223
604260
4000
ili ako vam je životinja bolesna.
10:08
This is what we teach in the night schools.
224
608260
2000
To su stvari koje podučavamo u noćnoj školi.
10:10
But all the schools are solar-lit.
225
610260
3000
No, sve su škole osvjetljene solarnom energijom.
10:13
Every five years
226
613260
2000
Svakih pet godina
10:15
we have an election.
227
615260
2000
imamo izbore.
10:17
Between six to 14 year-old children
228
617260
4000
Djeca u dobi od šest do 14 godina
10:21
participate in a democratic process,
229
621260
3000
sudjeluju u demokratskom procesu
10:24
and they elect a prime minister.
230
624260
4000
i biraju premijera.
10:28
The prime minister is 12 years old.
231
628260
3000
Premijerka ima 12 godina.
10:32
She looks after 20 goats in the morning,
232
632260
2000
Ujutro čuva 20 koza,
10:34
but she's prime minister in the evening.
233
634260
3000
a navečer je premijerka.
10:37
She has a cabinet,
234
637260
2000
Ima svoj kabinet,
10:39
a minister of education, a minister for energy, a minister for health.
235
639260
3000
ministra obrazovanja, ministra energije i ministra zdravstva.
10:42
And they actually monitor and supervise
236
642260
2000
Oni zbilja upravljaju i nadgledaju
10:44
150 schools for 7,000 children.
237
644260
3000
150 škola za 7.000 djece.
10:49
She got the World's Children's Prize five years ago,
238
649260
2000
Prije pet godina osvojila je Svjetsku Dječju Nagradu
10:51
and she went to Sweden.
239
651260
2000
i posjetila Švedsku.
10:53
First time ever going out of her village.
240
653260
2000
Prvi put je otišla iz svog sela.
10:55
Never seen Sweden.
241
655260
3000
Nikada nije vidjela Švedsku.
10:58
Wasn't dazzled at all by what was happening.
242
658260
2000
Nije uopće bila očarana događajima oko nje.
11:00
And the Queen of Sweden, who's there,
243
660260
2000
I švedska kraljica, koja je bila tamo,
11:02
turned to me and said, "Can you ask this child where she got her confidence from?
244
662260
3000
okrenula se prema meni i rekla: "Možete li pitati dijete odakle joj samopouzdanje?
11:05
She's only 12 years old,
245
665260
2000
Ima samo 12 godina,
11:07
and she's not dazzled by anything."
246
667260
3000
i nije očarana ničime."
11:10
And the girl, who's on her left,
247
670260
3000
A djevojčica, koja je stajala s njene lijeve strane,
11:13
turned to me and looked at the queen straight in the eye
248
673260
3000
okrene se prema meni i pogleda kraljicu ravno u oči
11:16
and said, "Please tell her I'm the prime minister."
249
676260
3000
i kaže: "Molim vas, recite joj da sam premijerka."
11:19
(Laughter)
250
679260
2000
(Smijeh)
11:21
(Applause)
251
681260
8000
(Pljesak)
11:29
Where the percentage of illiteracy is very high,
252
689260
4000
Tamo gdje je postotak nepismenosti jako visok,
11:33
we use puppetry.
253
693260
3000
koristimo lutkarstvo.
11:36
Puppets is the way we communicate.
254
696260
3000
Lutke su naš način komunikacije.
11:45
You have Jokhim Chacha
255
705260
3000
Imamo Jokhima Chachu
11:48
who is 300 years old.
256
708260
4000
starog 300 godina.
11:52
He is my psychoanalyst. He is my teacher.
257
712260
3000
On je moj psihoanalitičar. On je moj učitelj.
11:55
He's my doctor. He's my lawyer.
258
715260
2000
On je moj doktor. On je moj odvjetnik.
11:57
He's my donor.
259
717260
2000
On je moj donator.
11:59
He actually raises money,
260
719260
2000
On uistinu sakuplja novac,
12:01
solves my disputes.
261
721260
3000
rješava moje nesuglasice.
12:04
He solves my problems in the village.
262
724260
3000
On rješava moje probleme u selu.
12:07
If there's tension in the village,
263
727260
2000
Ukoliko postoji napetost u selu,
12:09
if attendance at the schools goes down
264
729260
2000
ukoliko se prisutnost djece u školi smanji
12:11
and there's a friction between the teacher and the parent,
265
731260
2000
ili postoji neslaganje između učtelja i roditelja,
12:13
the puppet calls the teacher and the parent in front of the whole village
266
733260
3000
lutka pozove učitelja i roditelja ispred cijelog sela
12:16
and says, "Shake hands.
267
736260
2000
i kaže: "Rukujte se.
12:18
The attendance must not drop."
268
738260
2000
Prisutnost djece u školi ne smije pasti."
12:22
These puppets
269
742260
2000
Te su lutke
12:24
are made out of recycled World Bank reports.
270
744260
2000
napravljene od recikliranih izvještaja Svjetske Banke.
12:26
(Laughter)
271
746260
2000
(Smijeh)
12:28
(Applause)
272
748260
7000
(Pljesak)
12:35
So this decentralized, demystified approach
273
755260
4000
Tim decentraliziranim, demistificiranim pristupom
12:39
of solar-electrifying villages,
274
759260
2000
solarno napajanih sela,
12:41
we've covered all over India
275
761260
2000
pokrili smo cijelu Indiju
12:43
from Ladakh up to Bhutan --
276
763260
3000
od Ladakha do Bhutana --
12:48
all solar-electrified villages
277
768260
2000
sva solarno napajana sela
12:50
by people who have been trained.
278
770260
3000
od strane treniranih ljudi.
12:54
And we went to Ladakh,
279
774260
2000
Otišli smo u Ladakh,
12:56
and we asked this woman --
280
776260
2000
i upitali jednu ženu --
12:58
this, at minus 40, you have to come out of the roof,
281
778260
3000
na minus 40, gdje smo morali izaći na krov,
13:01
because there's no place, it was all snowed up on both sides --
282
781260
3000
jer nije bilo mjesta, snježni nasipi su bili s obje strane --
13:04
and we asked this woman,
283
784260
2000
i upitali smo tu ženu,
13:06
"What was the benefit you had
284
786260
2000
"Kakvu si korist imala
13:08
from solar electricity?"
285
788260
2000
od solarne energije?"
13:10
And she thought for a minute and said,
286
790260
2000
Razmišljala je minutu i rekla,
13:12
"It's the first time I can see my husband's face in winter."
287
792260
4000
"Prvi put mogu vidjeti lice svoga muža po zimi."
13:16
(Laughter)
288
796260
3000
(Smijeh)
13:19
Went to Afghanistan.
289
799260
2000
Otišli smo u Afganistan.
13:21
One lesson we learned in India
290
801260
5000
U Indiji smo naučili jednu lekciju,
13:26
was men are untrainable.
291
806260
4000
muškarce se ne može trenirati.
13:30
(Laughter)
292
810260
4000
(Smijeh)
13:34
Men are restless,
293
814260
2000
Muškarci su nemirni,
13:36
men are ambitious,
294
816260
2000
muškarci su ambiciozni,
13:38
men are compulsively mobile,
295
818260
3000
oni su kompulzivno mobilni
13:41
and they all want a certificate.
296
821260
2000
i svi žele certifikat.
13:43
(Laughter)
297
823260
2000
(Smijeh)
13:45
All across the globe, you have this tendency
298
825260
3000
Globalno postoji težnja
13:48
of men wanting a certificate.
299
828260
2000
muškaraca za certifikatom.
13:50
Why? Because they want to leave the village
300
830260
3000
Zašto? Zato što žele napustiti selo
13:53
and go to a city, looking for a job.
301
833260
3000
i otići u grad, u potrazi za poslom.
13:56
So we came up with a great solution:
302
836260
3000
Zato smo smislili odlično rješenje:
13:59
train grandmothers.
303
839260
2000
trenirati bake.
14:03
What's the best way of communicating
304
843260
2000
Koji je danas najbolji način komunikacije
14:05
in the world today?
305
845260
2000
u svijetu?
14:07
Television? No.
306
847260
2000
Televizija? Ne.
14:09
Telegraph? No.
307
849260
2000
Telegraf? Ne.
14:11
Telephone? No.
308
851260
2000
Telefon? Ne.
14:13
Tell a woman.
309
853260
2000
Reci ženi.
14:15
(Laughter)
310
855260
3000
(Smijeh)
14:18
(Applause)
311
858260
4000
(Pljesak)
14:22
So we went to Afghanistan for the first time,
312
862260
2000
I tako smo otišli po prvi put u Afganistan,
14:24
and we picked three women
313
864260
2000
i izabrali tri žene
14:26
and said, "We want to take them to India."
314
866260
2000
i rekli, "Želimo ih odvesti u Indiju."
14:28
They said, "Impossible. They don't even go out of their rooms,
315
868260
2000
One su rekle; "Nemoguće. Ne izlaze niti iz svojih soba,
14:30
and you want to take them to India."
316
870260
2000
a vi biste ih vodili u Indiju."
14:32
I said, "I'll make a concession. I'll take the husbands along as well."
317
872260
2000
Rekao sam. "Napravit ću iznimku. Povest ću i muževe s njima."
14:34
So I took the husbands along.
318
874260
2000
I tako sam poveo i muževe.
14:36
Of course, the women were much more intelligent than the men.
319
876260
3000
Naravno, žene su bile mnogo inteligentnije od njih.
14:39
In six months,
320
879260
2000
Kako smo u 6 mjeseci
14:41
how do we train these women?
321
881260
3000
promijenili te žene?
14:44
Sign language.
322
884260
2000
Znakovnim jezikom.
14:46
You don't choose the written word.
323
886260
3000
Ne koristite pisanu riječ.
14:49
You don't choose the spoken word.
324
889260
2000
Ne koristite izgovorenu riječ.
14:51
You use sign language.
325
891260
3000
Koristite znakovni jezik.
14:54
And in six months
326
894260
2000
I u tih 6 mjeseci
14:56
they can become solar engineers.
327
896260
4000
one mogu postati solarne inženjerke.
15:00
They go back and solar-electrify their own village.
328
900260
3000
Vrate se kući i solarno napajaju svoja sela.
15:03
This woman went back
329
903260
2000
Jedna se žena vratila kući
15:05
and solar-electrified the first village,
330
905260
3000
i postavila solarno napajanje u prvom selu,
15:08
set up a workshop --
331
908260
2000
otvorila radionicu --
15:10
the first village ever to be solar-electrified in Afghanistan
332
910260
3000
prvo selo sa solarnim napajanjem ikada u Afganistanu
15:13
[was] by the three women.
333
913260
3000
produkt je triju žena.
15:16
This woman
334
916260
2000
Ta je žena
15:18
is an extraordinary grandmother.
335
918260
2000
neobična baka.
15:20
55 years old, and she's solar-electrified 200 houses for me in Afghanistan.
336
920260
5000
Stara 55 godina, u moje je ime solarnom energijom opskrbila 200 kuća u Afganistanu.
15:25
And they haven't collapsed.
337
925260
3000
I nisu se urušile.
15:28
She actually went and spoke to an engineering department in Afghanistan
338
928260
3000
Čak je otišla porazgovarati s odjelom inženjeringa u Afganistanu
15:31
and told the head of the department
339
931260
2000
i rekla je šefu odjela
15:33
the difference between AC and DC.
340
933260
2000
razliku između izmjenične i istosmjerne struje.
15:35
He didn't know.
341
935260
2000
On to nije znao.
15:37
Those three women have trained 27 more women
342
937260
3000
Te su tri žene podučile još 27 žena
15:40
and solar-electrified 100 villages in Afghanistan.
343
940260
3000
i solarno opskrbile 100 sela u Afganistanu.
15:43
We went to Africa,
344
943260
3000
Otišli smo u Afriku,
15:46
and we did the same thing.
345
946260
2000
i učinili istu stvar.
15:48
All these women sitting at one table from eight, nine countries,
346
948260
3000
Sve te žene sjede za istim stolom, iz osam, devet zemalja,
15:51
all chatting to each other, not understanding a word,
347
951260
3000
sve međusobno čavrljaju, a uopće se ne razumiju,
15:54
because they're all speaking a different language.
348
954260
2000
zato što govore različitim jezikom.
15:56
But their body language is great.
349
956260
2000
No njihov je govor tijela odličan.
15:58
They're speaking to each other
350
958260
2000
Međusobno razgovaraju
16:00
and actually becoming solar engineers.
351
960260
2000
i uistinu postaju solarne inženjerke.
16:02
I went to Sierra Leone,
352
962260
3000
Otišao sam u Sierra Leone,
16:05
and there was this minister driving down in the dead of night --
353
965260
3000
a tamo je bio jedan ministar koji se vozio po mrklom mraku --
16:08
comes across this village.
354
968260
2000
i ugledao selo.
16:10
Comes back, goes into the village, says, "Well what's the story?"
355
970260
3000
Zaustavio se i otišao u selo, govoreći, "Dakle, koja je priča?"
16:13
They said, "These two grandmothers ... "
356
973260
2000
Oni su rekli, "Radi se o dvije bake ..."
16:15
"Grandmothers?" The minister couldn't believe what was happening.
357
975260
3000
"Bake?" Ministar nije mogao vjerovati što se događa.
16:18
"Where did they go?" "Went to India and back."
358
978260
3000
"Kamo su otišle?" "Otišle su do Indije i nazad."
16:21
Went straight to the president.
359
981260
2000
Odmah je otišao do predsjednika.
16:23
He said, "Do you know there's a solar-electrified village in Sierra Leone?"
360
983260
2000
Rekao je, "Znate li da postoji selo opremljeno solarnom energijom u Sierra Leoni?"
16:25
He said, "No." Half the cabinet went to see the grandmothers the next day.
361
985260
3000
Ovaj je rekao, "Ne." Slijedeći dan je pola kabineta otišlo vidjeti bake.
16:28
"What's the story."
362
988260
2000
"Koja je priča."
16:30
So he summoned me and said, "Can you train me 150 grandmothers?"
363
990260
4000
Pozvao me i rekao, "Možeš li istrenirati 150 baka?"
16:34
I said, "I can't, Mr. President.
364
994260
2000
Rekao sam, "Ne mogu, gospodine predsjedniče.
16:36
But they will. The grandmothers will."
365
996260
2000
Ali one mogu. Bake mogu."
16:38
So he built me the first Barefoot training center in Sierra Leone.
366
998260
3000
I tako mi je izgradio prvi Bosonogi centar za obuku u Sierra Leonu.
16:41
And 150 grandmothers have been trained in Sierra Leone.
367
1001260
4000
I 150 baka je prošlo obuku u Sierra Leonu.
16:45
Gambia:
368
1005260
2000
Gambia:
16:47
we went to select a grandmother in Gambia.
369
1007260
3000
otišli smo izabrati baku iz Gambije.
16:50
Went to this village.
370
1010260
2000
Otišli smo do jednog sela.
16:52
I knew which woman I would like to take.
371
1012260
2000
Već sam znao koju bih ženu želio povesti.
16:54
The community got together and said, "Take these two women."
372
1014260
3000
Zajednica se sastala i rekla, "Uzmi ove dvije žene."
16:57
I said, "No, I want to take this woman."
373
1017260
2000
Rekao sam, "Ne , želim povesti ovu ženu."
16:59
They said, "Why? She doesn't know the language. You don't know her."
374
1019260
2000
Oni su rekli, "Zašto? Ona ne zna jezik. Ne poznaješ ju."
17:01
I said, "I like the body language. I like the way she speaks."
375
1021260
3000
Rekao sam, "Sviđa mi se njen govor tijela. Sviđa mi se način na koji govori."
17:04
"Difficult husband; not possible."
376
1024260
2000
"Težak suprug; nije moguće."
17:06
Called the husband, the husband came,
377
1026260
2000
Pozvao sam muža, on stigao,
17:08
swaggering, politician, mobile in his hand. "Not possible."
378
1028260
3000
razmetljiv, političar, s mobitelom u ruci. "Nemoguće."
17:11
"Why not?" "The woman, look how beautiful she is."
379
1031260
3000
"Zašto?" "Žena, pogledaj je kako je lijepa."
17:14
I said, "Yeah, she is very beautiful."
380
1034260
2000
Rekao sam, "Da, veoma je lijepa."
17:16
"What happens if she runs off with an Indian man?"
381
1036260
2000
"Što će se dogoditi ako pobjegne s Indijcem?"
17:18
That was his biggest fear.
382
1038260
2000
To mu je bio najveći strah.
17:20
I said, "She'll be happy. She'll ring you up on the mobile."
383
1040260
3000
Rekao sam, "Bit će sretna. Javljat će ti se mobitelom."
17:23
She went like a grandmother
384
1043260
3000
Otišla je kao baka
17:26
and came back like a tiger.
385
1046260
2000
i vratila se kao tigrica.
17:28
She walked out of the plane
386
1048260
2000
Izašla je iz aviona
17:30
and spoke to the whole press as if she was a veteran.
387
1050260
3000
i održala govor pred novinarima kao da je veteran.
17:33
She handled the national press,
388
1053260
3000
Odradila je nacionalne novinare
17:36
and she was a star.
389
1056260
2000
i bila je zvijezda.
17:38
And when I went back six months later, I said, "Where's your husband?"
390
1058260
3000
I kada sam se vratio nakon 6 mjeseci, rekao sam, "Gdje ti je suprug?"
17:41
"Oh, somewhere. It doesn't matter."
391
1061260
2000
"Ma negdje. Nije bitno."
17:43
(Laughter)
392
1063260
2000
(Smijeh)
17:45
Success story.
393
1065260
2000
Priča o uspjehu.
17:47
(Laughter)
394
1067260
2000
(Smijeh)
17:49
(Applause)
395
1069260
3000
(Pljesak)
17:52
I'll just wind up by saying
396
1072260
6000
Završio bih time
17:58
that I think you don't have to look for solutions outside.
397
1078260
4000
da mislim kako ne trebate tražiti rješenja izvana.
18:02
Look for solutions within.
398
1082260
2000
Tražite rješenja iznutra.
18:04
And listen to people. They have the solutions in front of you.
399
1084260
3000
I slušajte ljude koji imaju rješenja pred vama.
18:07
They're all over the world.
400
1087260
2000
Ima ih diljem svijeta.
18:09
Don't even worry.
401
1089260
2000
Nemojte se brinuti.
18:11
Don't listen to the World Bank, listen to the people on the ground.
402
1091260
3000
Ne slušajte Svjetsku Banku, slušajte ljude oko sebe.
18:14
They have all the solutions in the world.
403
1094260
3000
Oni imaju sva rješenja svijeta.
18:17
I'll end with a quotation by Mahatma Gandhi.
404
1097260
3000
Završit ću citatom Mahatme Gandhija.
18:20
"First they ignore you,
405
1100260
2000
"Najprije vas ignoriraju,
18:22
then they laugh at you,
406
1102260
2000
onda vam se smiju,
18:24
then they fight you,
407
1104260
2000
onda se bore s vama,
18:26
and then you win."
408
1106260
2000
onda pobjedite."
18:28
Thank you.
409
1108260
2000
Hvala vam.
18:30
(Applause)
410
1110260
31000
(Pljesak)
O ovoj web stranici

Ova stranica će vas upoznati s YouTube videozapisima koji su korisni za učenje engleskog jezika. Vidjet ćete lekcije engleskog koje vode vrhunski profesori iz cijelog svijeta. Dvaput kliknite na engleske titlove prikazane na svakoj video stranici da biste reproducirali video s tog mjesta. Titlovi se pomiču sinkronizirano s reprodukcijom videozapisa. Ako imate bilo kakvih komentara ili zahtjeva, obratite nam se putem ovog obrasca za kontakt.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7