Our natural sleep cycle | Jessa Gamble

Prevodilac: Vanja Cakić Lektor: Elizabeta Petrovic

Let's start with day and night.

Hajde da počnemo sa danom i noći.

Life evolved under conditions

Život je evoluirao pod uslovima

of light and darkness,

svetla i mraka,

light and then darkness.

svetlost, a onda mrak.

And so plants and animals

Biljke i životinje

developed their own internal clocks

su razvile svoje sopstvene unutrašnje satove

so that they would be ready for these changes in light.

da bi bili spremni za ove promene u svetlosti.

These are chemical clocks,

Ovo su hemijski satovi

and they're found in every known being that has two or more cells

i nađeni su u svakom poznatom organizmu koji ima dve ili više ćelija

and in some that only have one cell.

i u nekim koji imaju samo jednu ćeliju.

I'll give you an example --

Daću vam primer.

if you take a horseshoe crab off the beach,

Ako uzmete merostomatu (vrsta krabe) sa plaže

and you fly it all the way across the continent,

i odnesete je na drugu stranu kontinenta

and you drop it into a sloped cage,

i stavite je u kavez sa kosim dnom,

it will scramble up the floor of the cage

ona će se popeti uz pod kaveza

as the tide is rising

kako se plima diže

on its home shores,

na obalama mesta odakle je uzeta,

and it'll skitter down again right as the water is receding

a spustiće se tačno kada se voda spušta

thousands of miles away.

hiljadama milja daleko.

It'll do this for weeks,

To će raditi nedeljama

until it kind of gradually loses the plot.

dok postepeno ne izgubi naviku.

And it's incredible to watch,

To je zanimljivo gledati,

but there's nothing psychic or paranormal going on;

ali nema tu nečeg vidovitog ili paranormalnog,

it's simply that these crabs have internal cycles

samo je to da ove krabe imaju unutrašnje satove

that correspond, usually, with what's going on around it.

koji korespondiraju, obično, sa onim što se događa oko njih.

So, we have this ability as well.

Dakle, mi imamo ovu mogućnost takođe.

And in humans, we call it the "body clock."

I kod čoveka mi ga zovemo telesni sat.

You can see this most clearly when you take away someone's watch

Ovo najjasnije možete videti kada uzmete nekom ručni sat

and you shut them into a bunker, deep underground,

i kada ga zatvorite u bunker, duboko ispod zemlje

for a couple of months. (Laughter)

na nekoliko meseci.

People actually volunteer for this,

Ljudi se, ustvari, dobrovoljno prijavljuju za ovo

and they usually come out

i obično izađu

kind of raving about their productive time in the hole.

pričajući oduševljeno o svom produktivnom vremenu u rupi.

So, no matter how atypical these subjects would have to be,

Dakle, bez obzira koliko su neobični ovi subjekti

they all show the same thing.

svi oni pokazuju istu stvar.

They get up just a little bit later every day -- say 15 minutes or so --

Oni ustaju po malo kasnije svakog dana -- recimo 15 minuta ili tako --

and they kind of drift all the way around the clock like this

i oni, u neku ruku, odstupaju od sata ovako

over the course of the weeks.

tokom nedelja.

And so, in this way we know that they are working on their own internal clocks,

I tako, na ovaj način, mi znamo da oni rade po svojim unutrašnjim satovima,

rather than somehow sensing the day outside.

pre nego da nekako osećaju dan napolju.

So fine, we have a body clock,

Dakle dobro, mi imamo telesni sat

and it turns out that it's incredibly important in our lives.

i kako je ispalo on je veoma važan u našim životima.

It's a huge driver for culture

Veliki je pokretač kulture

and I think that it's the most underrated force on our behavior.

i mislim da je najpotcenjenija sila našeg ponašanja.

We evolved as a species near the equator,

Evoluirali smo kao vrsta blizu ekvatora

and so we're very well-equipped

i tako smo potpuno opremljeni

to deal with 12 hours of daylight

da se nosimo sa 12 sati dnevnog svetla

and 12 hours of darkness.

i 12 sati mraka.

But of course, we've spread to every corner of the globe

Ali naravno, rasprostranili smo se u svaki kutak sveta

and in Arctic Canada, where I live,

i u artičkoj Kanadi, gde ja živim,

we have perpetual daylight in summer

imamo neprestanu dnevnu svetlost leti

and 24 hours of darkness in winter.

i 24 časa mraka zimi.

So the culture, the northern aboriginal culture,

Dakle kultura, severna domorodačka kultura,

traditionally has been highly seasonal.

je tradicionalno bila visoko sezonska.

In winter, there's a lot of sleeping going on;

Zimi se mnogo spava.

you enjoy your family life inside.

Uživaš u porodičnom životu unutra.

And in summer, it's almost manic hunting

A leti, skoro manijakalno lovite

and working activity very long hours,

i radite veoma dugo,

very active.

vrlo aktivno.

So, what would our natural rhythm look like?

Dakle, kako bi izgledao naš prirodni ritam?

What would our sleeping patterns be

Kako bi izgledali naši obrasci spavanja

in the sort of ideal sense?

u idealnom smislu?

Well, it turns out

Ispada da

that when people are living

kada ljudi žive

without any sort of artificial light at all,

bez ikakve vrste veštačkog svetla,

they sleep twice every night.

oni spavaju dva puta svake noći.

They go to bed around 8:00 p.m.

Idu u krevet oko 8 sati uveče

until midnight

do ponoći

and then again, they sleep

i onda opet, spavaju

from about 2:00 a.m. until sunrise.

od otprilike 2 sata ujutru do zore.

And in-between, they have a couple of hours

A između, imaju par sati

of sort of meditative quiet in bed.

neke vrste tihe meditacije u krevetu.

And during this time,

I u toku tog vremena,

there's a surge of prolactin,

dolazi do navale prolaktina

the likes of which a modern day never sees.

kakvu moderan svet nikada ne vidi.

The people in these studies

Ljudi u ovim studijama

report feeling so awake during the daytime,

izveštavaju da se osećaju veoma budno u toku dana

that they realize

da shvataju

they're experiencing true wakefulness

da doživljavaju pravu budnost

for the first time in their lives.

po prvi put u svom životu.

So, cut to the modern day.

Dakle, da pređemo na moderno vreme.

We're living in a culture of jet lag,

Mi živimo u kulturi vremenske dezorijentacije,

global travel,

svetska putovanja,

24-hour business,

24-časovni poslovi,

shift work.

rad u smenama.

And you know, our modern ways

I, znate, naši moderni načini

of doing things

bavljenja stvarima

have their advantages,

imaju svoje prednosti,

but I believe we should understand the costs.

ali ja verujem da treba da razumemo cenu.

Thank you.

Hvala vam.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)