William Kamkwamba: How I harnessed the wind

414,469 views ใƒป 2009-09-23

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Simon Park ๊ฒ€ํ† : soulkee JEON
00:12
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:15
Two years ago, I stood on the TED stage in Arusha, Tanzania.
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2๋…„ ์ „, ํƒ„์ž๋‹ˆ์•„ ์•„๋ฃจ์ƒค์˜ TED๋ฌด๋Œ€์— ์„ฐ์„ ๋•Œ,
00:19
I spoke very briefly about one of my proudest creations.
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์ €๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž ๊น ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:24
It was a simple machine that changed my life.
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๊ทธ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ œ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”๋ฒ„๋ ธ์ง€์š”.
00:28
Before that time,
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๊ทธ ์ „์— ์ €๋Š”
00:30
I had never been away from my home
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๋ง๋ผ์œ„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ œ ์ง‘์„
00:33
in Malawi.
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๋– ๋‚˜ ๋ณธ ์ ๋„ ์—†์—ˆ๊ณ ,
00:36
I had never used a computer.
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ๋ณธ ์ ๋„,
00:38
I had never seen an Internet.
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์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์ด๋ž€ ๊ฑธ ๋ณธ ์ ๋„ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:42
On the stage that day, I was so nervous.
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๋ฌด๋Œ€์—์„  ๊ทธ ๋‚ , ์ „ ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ๋–จ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:47
My English lost,
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ํ˜•ํŽธ์—†๋Š” ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ ,
00:51
I wanted to vomit.
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๋งˆ์น˜ ํ† ํ•  ๊บผ ๊ฐ™์•˜์–ด์š”.
00:53
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
00:57
I had never been surrounded by so many azungu,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์€ '์•„์ค‘๊ตฌ'๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์žˆ์–ด๋ณธ ์ ๋„ ์—†์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
01:01
white people.
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๋ฐฑ์ธ๋“ค ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
01:03
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
01:06
There was a story I wouldn't tell you then.
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๊ทธ ๋• ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋–จ๋ ค ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์–˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:09
But well, I'm feeling good right now.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„์š”.
01:12
I would like to share that story today.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๊ทธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ ๋ณด๋ ค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:15
We have seven children in my family.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ง‘์—” 7๋ช…์˜ ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:17
All sisters, excepting me.
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์ €๋ฅผ ๋นผ๊ณค ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ˆ„์ด์ฃ .
01:21
This is me with my dad when I was a little boy.
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์ด๊ฑด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ ์ €์™€ ์ œ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
Before I discovered the wonders of science,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ณผํ•™์— ๋ˆˆ์„ ๋œจ๊ธฐ ์ „,
01:29
I was just a simple farmer
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์ €๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋†๋ถ€๋“ค์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
01:31
in a country of poor farmers.
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์˜ฅ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์šฐ๋Š”
01:34
Like everyone else, we grew maize.
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๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•œ ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ๊ทธ์ € ํ‰๋ฒ”ํ•œ ๋†๋ถ€์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:38
One year our fortune turned very bad.
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์–ด๋Š ํ•ธ๊ฐ€ ์ž‘ํ™ฉ์ด ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ์•ˆ ์ข‹์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:43
In 2001 we experienced an awful famine.
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2001๋…„์ธ๋ฐ์š”. ๊ทธ๋•Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋”์ฐํ•œ ๊ธฐ๊ทผ์„ ๊ฒช์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:48
Within five months all Malawians began to starve to death.
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5๊ฐœ์›”์ด ๋ชป ๋˜์–ด, ๋งŽ์€ ๋ง๋ผ์œ„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ตถ์–ด์ฃฝ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:55
My family ate one meal per day, at night.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์€ ํ•˜๋ฃจ์— ์ €๋… ํ•œ ๋ผ๋งŒ ๋จน์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:59
Only three swallows of nsima for each one of us.
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๊ทธ์ € ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋‹น ์”จ๋งˆ(์˜ฅ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“  ์Œ์‹) ์„ธ ์ž…์ด ์ „๋ถ€์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:03
The food passes through our bodies.
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์Œ์‹๋ฌผ์ด ๋ชธ์— ๋“ค์–ด์™”์œผ๋‚˜
02:05
We drop down to nothing.
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๋ชธ์—์„  ์•„๋ฌด ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋‚˜์˜ค์งˆ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.
02:09
In Malawi, the secondary school,
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๋ง๋ผ์œ„์—์„  ์ค‘ํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋ ค๋ฉด
02:12
you have to pay school fees.
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ํ•™๋น„๋ฅผ ๋‚ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:14
Because of the hunger, I was forced to drop out of school.
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๊ตถ์ฃผ๋ฆผ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์† ๋‹ค๋‹ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:20
I looked at my father
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์ €๋Š” ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๊ณ 
02:22
and looked at those dry fields.
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๋ฉ”๋งˆ๋ฅธ ๋•…์„ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๊ณค ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:24
It was the future I couldn't accept.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:28
I felt very happy to be at the secondary school,
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์ค‘ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋งค์šฐ ํ–‰๋ณตํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ €๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉฐ
02:32
so I was determined to do anything possible
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๊ณต๋ถ€๋งŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋งŒ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ 
02:37
to receive education.
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๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:39
So I went to a library.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋„์„œ๊ด€์— ๊ฐ€์„œ
02:41
I read books, science books, especially physics.
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์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณผํ•™์ฑ…, ํŠนํžˆ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:45
I couldn't read English that well.
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์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์ž˜ ์ฝ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ด
02:47
I used diagrams and pictures
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๋„ํ‘œ์™€ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉฐ
02:50
to learn the words around them.
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๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์ตํ˜”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:55
Another book put that knowledge in my hands.
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์–ด๋–ค ์ฑ…์—” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง€์‹์ด ๋‹ด๊ฒจ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:59
It said a windmill could pump water and generate electricity.
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๊ทธ ์ฑ…์—” ํ’์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌผ์„ ํผ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ „๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์ค€๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ ํ˜€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:05
Pump water meant irrigation,
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๋ฌผ์„ ํผ์˜ฌ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑด ๊ด€๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋œปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:08
a defense against hunger,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ตถ์ฃผ๋ฆผ์—์„œ
03:10
which we were experiencing by that time.
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๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด ์ค„ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ๋œปํ•˜์ง€์š”.
03:14
So I decided I would build one windmill for myself.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ˜ผ์ž ํ’์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด์ž๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:18
But I didn't have materials to use,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
03:21
so I went to a scrap yard
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Ÿฌ
03:23
where I found my materials.
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ํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ ํ•˜์น˜์žฅ์— ๊ฐ€๊ณค ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:26
Many people, including my mother,
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์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋ฅผ ๋น„๋กฏํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
03:30
said I was crazy.
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๋ฏธ์ณค๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์ฃ .
03:32
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
03:34
I found a tractor fan,
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ํŠธ๋ž™ํ„ฐ์˜ ํŒฌ๊ณผ
03:36
shock absorber, PVC pipes.
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์ถฉ๊ฒฉ ํก์ˆ˜์žฅ์น˜, PVC ํŒŒ์ดํ”„๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ ,
03:38
Using a bicycle frame
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์ž์ „๊ฑฐ์˜ ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„๊ณผ
03:41
and an old bicycle dynamo,
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์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ ๋ฐœ์ „๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
03:45
I built my machine.
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ํ’์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:47
It was one light at first.
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์ฒ˜์Œ์—” ์ „๋“ฑ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฟ์ด์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
03:50
And then four lights,
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๋‚˜์ค‘์—” ์Šค์œ„์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฐ
03:53
with switches, and even a circuit breaker,
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์ „๊ตฌ 4๊ฐœ์™€ ๋‘๊บผ๋น„์ง‘๋„ ๋‹ฌ๊ณ 
03:58
modeled after an electric bell.
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์ „๊ธฐ๊ณ ์ง€์„œ๋„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:02
Another machine pumps water
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ’์ฐจ๋„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๊ด€๊ฐœ์‹œ์„ค๋กœ
04:06
for irrigation.
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๋ฌผ์„ ํผ์˜ฌ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:09
Queues of people start lining up at my house
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ง‘ ์•ž์— ์ค„์„ ์„œ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:12
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:14
to charge their mobile phone.
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ํ•ธ๋“œํฐ ์ถฉ์ „์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ์š”.
04:16
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
04:20
I could not get rid of them.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋ง‰์„ ์ˆœ ์—†์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:22
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:24
And the reporters came too,
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์–ด๋Š ์ƒŒ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ์ž๋“ค์ด ์ฐพ์•„์™€์„œ
04:27
which lead to bloggers
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์ด๋ฅผ ๋ธ”๋กœ๊ฑฐ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ „ํ•˜๊ณ 
04:29
and which lead to a call from something called TED.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์—” TED๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์—ฐ๋ฝ์ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:34
I had never seen an airplane before.
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๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ณธ ์ ๋„ ์—†๊ณ 
04:36
I had never slept in a hotel.
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ํ˜ธํ…”์ด๋ž€ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์ž ๋ณธ ์ ๋„ ์—†๋˜
04:39
So, on stage that day in Arusha,
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋‚  ์•„๋ฃจ์ƒค์˜ ๋ฌด๋Œ€์—์„œ
04:43
my English lost,
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ํ˜•ํŽธ์—†๋Š” ์˜์–ด๋กœ
04:46
I said something like,
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๊ทธ์ € ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:49
"I tried. And I made it."
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"๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•ด์„œ..ํ’์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์–ด์š”."
04:53
So I would like to say something
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์ „ ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ฒ˜์ง€์˜
04:55
to all the people out there like me
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๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ,
04:58
to the Africans, and the poor
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์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์ธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ,
05:01
who are struggling with your dreams.
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๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฟˆ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ถ„ํˆฌํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ,
05:05
God bless.
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์‹ ์˜ ์€์ด์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:07
Maybe one day you will watch this on the Internet.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ด ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜
05:11
I say to you, trust yourself and believe.
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์ž๊ธฐ ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋ฏฟ๊ณ  ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•˜๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์”€์„ ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:16
Whatever happens, don't give up.
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๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์žˆ์–ด๋„ ํฌ๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
05:18
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:20
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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