Cameron Sinclair: The refugees of boom-and-bust

15,119 views ใƒป 2009-11-13

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Ron Bentata ืžื‘ืงืจ: Sigal Tifferet
00:18
A few years ago, my eyes were opened
0
18330
3000
ืœืคื ื™ ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื ื™ื ื ืคืงื—ื• ืขื™ื ื™ื™
00:21
to the dark side of the construction industry.
1
21330
3000
ืœืฆื“ ื”ืืคืœ ืฉืœ ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื”.
00:24
In 2006, young Qatari students
2
24330
3000
ื‘ืฉื ืช 2006, ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืงื˜ืืจื™
00:27
took me to go and see the migrant worker camps.
3
27330
2000
ืœืงื—ื• ืื•ืชื™ ืœืจืื•ืช ืžื—ื ื” ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืžื”ื’ืจื™ื.
00:29
And since then I've followed the unfolding issue of worker rights.
4
29330
5000
ื•ืžืื– ืื ื™ ืขื•ืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ื”ื ื•ืฉื ืฉืœ ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื.
00:34
In the last six months, more than 300 skyscrapers
5
34330
2000
ื‘ืฉืฉืช ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื, ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-300 ื’ื•ืจื“ื™ ืฉื—ืงื™ื
00:36
in the UAE have been put on hold or canceled.
6
36330
3000
ื‘ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ื”ื ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื•ืช (ืขืจื‘ ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื™ืช) ื ืขืฆืจื• ืื• ื‘ื•ื˜ืœื•.
00:39
Behind the headlines that lay behind these buildings
7
39330
3000
ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ื›ื•ืชืจื•ืช ืฉืขื•ืžื“ื•ืช ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืืœื•
00:42
is the fate of the often-indentured construction worker.
8
42330
4000
ื ืžืฆื ื”ื’ื•ืจืœ ืฉืœ ืคื•ืขืœ ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœืจื•ื‘ ื›ื‘ื•ืœ ื‘ื—ื•ื–ื”.
00:46
1.1 million of them.
9
46330
2000
ื•ื™ืฉ 1.1 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื›ืืœื”.
00:48
Mainly Indian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan
10
48330
3000
ืจื•ื‘ื ืžื”ื•ื“ื•, ืคืงื™ืกื˜ืŸ, ืกืจื™ ืœื ืงื”,
00:51
and Nepalese, these laborers risk everything
11
51330
2000
ื•ื ืคืืœ ื•ื”ื ืžืกื›ื ื™ื ื”ื›ื•ืœ
00:53
to make money for their families back home.
12
53330
3000
ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืจื•ื•ื™ื— ื›ืกืฃ ืื•ืชื• ื”ื ืฉื•ืœื—ื™ื ื—ื–ืจื” ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”.
00:56
They pay a middle-man thousands of dollars to be there.
13
56330
2000
ื”ื ืžืฉืœืžื™ื ืœืžืชื•ื•ื›ื™ื ืืœืคื™ ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื.
00:58
And when they arrive, they find themselves in labor camps with no water,
14
58330
4000
ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื, ื”ื ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืขืฆืžื ื‘ืžื—ื ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืœืœื ืžื™ื,
01:02
no air conditioning, and their passports taken away.
15
62330
4000
ืœืœื ืžื™ื–ื•ื’ ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ื•ื”ื“ืจื›ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ื ืœืงื—ื™ื ืžื”ื.
01:06
While it's easy to point the finger at local officials and higher authorities,
16
66330
4000
ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื–ื” ืงืœ ืœื”ืืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื•ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”,
01:10
99 percent of these people are hired by the private sector,
17
70330
4000
99 ืื—ื•ื– ืžื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื• ืžื•ืขืกืงื™ื ืข"ื™ ื”ืกืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™.
01:14
and so therefore we're equally, if not more, accountable.
18
74330
3000
ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉื•ื•ื”, ืื ืœื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืื—ืจืื™ื™ื.
01:17
Groups like Buildsafe UAE have emerged,
19
77330
3000
ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื›ืžื• Buildsafe UAE ื ื•ืกื“ื•.
01:20
but the numbers are simply overwhelming.
20
80330
2000
ืืš ื”ืžืกืคืจื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื™ื.
01:22
In August 2008,
21
82330
2000
ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2008,
01:24
UAE public officials noted
22
84330
2000
ืคืงื™ื“ื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ื”ื ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืคืจืกืžื•
01:26
that 40 percent of the country's 1,098 labor camps
23
86330
4000
ื›ื™ 40 ืื—ื•ื– ืž-1098 ืžื—ื ื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”
01:30
had violated minimum health and fire safety regulations.
24
90330
3000
ื”ืคืจื• ืชืงื ื•ืช ืžื™ื ื™ืžืืœื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืืฉ.
01:33
And last summer, more than 10,000 workers
25
93330
3000
ื•ื‘ืงื™ืฅ ืฉืขื‘ืจ, ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-10 ืืœืฃ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื,
01:36
protested for the non-payment of wages,
26
96330
3000
ืžื—ืื• ืขืœ ืื™ ืชืฉืœื•ื ืžืฉื›ื•ืจื•ืช,
01:39
for the poor quality of food, and inadequate housing.
27
99330
3000
ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื™ืจื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืื•ื›ืœ ื•ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื ืœื ืจืื•ื™ื™ื.
01:42
And then the financial collapse happened.
28
102330
3000
ื•ืื– ื”ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ืงืจื”.
01:45
When the contractors have gone bust,
29
105330
2000
ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืงื‘ืœื ื™ื ืคืฉื˜ื• ืืช ื”ืจื’ืœ,
01:47
as they've been overleveraged like everyone else,
30
107330
2000
ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื’ื ื”ื ืขื‘ื“ื• ืขืœ ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืขืชื™ื“ื™ื™ื,
01:49
the difference is everything goes missing,
31
109330
3000
ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืื™ื‘ื•ื“,
01:52
documentation, passports,
32
112330
2000
ืžืกืžื›ื™ื, ื“ืจื›ื•ื ื™ื,
01:54
and tickets home for these workers.
33
114330
2000
ื•ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ ื˜ื™ืกื” ื”ื‘ื™ืชื” ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื.
01:56
Currently, right now, thousands of workers are abandoned.
34
116330
4000
ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™, ืžืžืฉ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืืœืคื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื ื ื˜ืฉื™ื.
02:00
There is no way back home.
35
120330
2000
ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ื“ืจืš ื—ื–ืจื” ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”.
02:02
And there is no way, and no proof of arrival.
36
122330
3000
ื•ืื™ืŸ ื“ืจืš, ืื• ื”ื•ื›ื—ื” ืฉื”ื ื”ื’ื™ืขื•.
02:05
These are the boom-and-bust refugees.
37
125330
3000
ืืœื• ื”ื ืคืœื™ื˜ื™ ื”"ื‘ื ื” ื•ื‘ืจื—".
02:08
The question is, as a building professional,
38
128330
3000
ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื™ื, ื›ืžื•ืžื—ื™ ื‘ื ื™ื™ื”,
02:11
as an architect, an engineer, as a developer,
39
131330
2000
ื›ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™ื, ื›ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื, ื›ืžืคืชื—ื™ื,
02:13
if you know this is going on,
40
133330
2000
ืื ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื”,
02:15
as we go to the sights every single week,
41
135330
3000
ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืืœื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื‘ื•ืข,
02:18
are you complacent or complicit
42
138330
2000
ื”ืื ืืชื ืฉืื ื ื™ื ืื• ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขื‘ื™ืจื”
02:20
in the human rights violations?
43
140330
2000
ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื”ืคืจืช ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื“ื?
02:22
So let's forget your environmental footprint.
44
142330
3000
ืื– ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืฉื›ื— ืžื˜ื‘ื™ืขืช ื”ืจื’ืœ ืฉืœืš ืขืœ ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”.
02:25
Let's think about your ethical footprint.
45
145330
2000
ื•ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื˜ื‘ื™ืขืช ื”ืจื’ืœ ื”ืืชื™ืช ืฉืœืš.
02:27
What good is it
46
147330
3000
ืžื” ื”ืชื•ืขืœืช
02:30
to build a zero-carbon, energy efficient complex,
47
150330
3000
ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืžื‘ื ื” ื ื˜ื•ืœ ืคื—ืžืŸ ื•ื™ืขื™ืœ ื‘ืื ืจื’ื™ื”,
02:33
when the labor producing this architectural gem
48
153330
3000
ื›ืืฉืจ ื›ื•ื— ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉื™ื•ืฆืจ ืืช ื”ืชื›ืฉื™ื˜ ื”ืึทืจึฐื›ึดื™ื˜ึถืงึฐื˜ื•ึนื ึดื™
02:36
is unethical at best?
49
156330
3000
ื”ื•ื ืœื ืืชื™ ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื”ื˜ื•ื‘?
02:39
Now, recently I've been told I've been taking the high road.
50
159330
2000
ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืืžืจื• ืœื™ ืฉืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ืžื•ืกืจื™ืช.
02:41
But, quite frankly, on this issue,
51
161330
2000
ืืš, ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืืžืช, ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื ื•ืฉื ื–ื”,
02:43
there is no other road.
52
163330
2000
ืื™ืŸ ื“ืจืš ืื—ืจืช.
02:45
So let's not forget who is really paying the price of this financial collapse.
53
165330
4000
ืื– ื‘ื•ืื• ืœื ื ืฉื›ื— ืžื™ ื‘ืืžืช ืžืฉืœื ืืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™.
02:49
And that as we worry about our next job in the office,
54
169330
3000
ื•ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืื ื• ื“ื•ืื’ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ื‘ื ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ืžืฉืจื“,
02:52
the next design that we can get, to keep our workers.
55
172330
4000
ื”ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื”ื‘ื ืฉืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•.
02:56
Let's not forget these men, who are truly dying to work.
56
176330
3000
ื‘ื•ืื• ืœื ื ืฉื›ื— ืืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื• ืฉืคืฉื•ื˜ "ืžืชื™ื" ืœืขื‘ื•ื“.
02:59
Thank you.
57
179330
2000
ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
03:01
(Applause)
58
181330
2000
(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7