Damian Palin: Mining minerals from seawater

56,976 views ・ 2012-06-07

TED


Please double-click on the English subtitles below to play the video.

00:00
Translator: Timothy Covell Reviewer: Morton Bast
0
0
7000
Translator: Òscar Aznar Alemany Reviewer: Sonia Redondo
00:15
I collaborate with bacteria.
1
15572
2138
Col·laboro amb els bacteris.
00:17
And I'm about to show you
2
17710
882
Us vull mostrar
00:18
some stop-motion footage that I made recently
3
18592
2180
unes imatges que he enregistrat fa poc
00:20
where you'll see bacteria accumulating minerals
4
20772
2234
en què veieu bacteris acumulant minerals
00:23
from their environment
5
23006
1550
del seu entorn
00:24
over the period of an hour.
6
24556
1934
durant una hora.
00:26
So what you're seeing here
7
26490
1365
El que veieu aquí
00:27
is the bacteria metabolizing,
8
27855
2218
és el resultat del metabolisme
00:30
and as they do so
9
30073
1199
dels bacteris,
00:31
they create an electrical charge.
10
31272
1606
que creen una càrrega elèctrica
00:32
And this attracts metals
11
32878
2333
que atrau els metalls
00:35
from their local environment.
12
35211
2167
del seu voltant.
00:37
And these metals accumulate as minerals
13
37378
2917
Aquests metalls s'acumulen com a minerals
00:40
on the surface of the bacteria.
14
40295
1917
a la superfície dels bacteris.
00:42
One of the most pervasive problems
15
42212
2167
Un dels problemes més comuns
00:44
in the world today for people
16
44379
1749
avui al món
00:46
is inadequate access
17
46128
1417
és disposar
00:47
to clean drinking water.
18
47545
1751
d'aigua potable.
00:49
And the desalination process
19
49296
1666
En la dessalinització
00:50
is one where we take out salts.
20
50962
1784
se n'eliminen les sals,
00:52
We can use it for drinking and agriculture.
21
52746
2515
i es pot utilitzar per beure o en l'agricultura.
00:55
Removing the salts from water --
22
55261
2085
Extreure les sals de l'aigua,
00:57
particularly seawater --
23
57346
1261
especialment de la de mar,
00:58
through reverse osmosis
24
58607
1604
a través d'osmosi inversa
01:00
is a critical technique
25
60211
1318
és una tècnica crucial
01:01
for countries who do not have access to clean drinking water
26
61529
3232
per a països sense accés a aigua potable
01:04
around the globe.
27
64761
1119
a tot el món.
01:05
So seawater reverse osmosis
28
65880
1464
L'osmosi inversa
01:07
is a membrane-filtration technology.
29
67344
2167
és una tècnica de filtració de membrana.
01:09
We take the water from the sea
30
69511
2570
Prenem l'aigua del mar
01:12
and we apply pressure.
31
72081
1531
i hi apliquem pressió.
01:13
And this pressure forces the seawater
32
73612
2924
I aquesta pressió força l'aigua
01:16
through a membrane.
33
76536
1300
a travessar una membrana.
01:17
This takes energy,
34
77836
1435
Es consumeix energia
01:19
producing clean water.
35
79271
2532
per produir aigua potable.
01:21
But we're also left with a concentrated salt solution, or brine.
36
81803
3701
I també queda una dissolució concentrada de sal, la salmorra.
01:25
But the process is very expensive
37
85504
1413
És un procés molt car
01:26
and it's cost-prohibitive for many countries around the globe.
38
86917
2634
i prohibitiu per a molts països.
01:29
And also, the brine that's produced
39
89551
1782
A més, la salmorra que es produeix
01:31
is oftentimes just pumped back out into the sea.
40
91333
2884
sovint es bombeja de volta al mar,
01:34
And this is detrimental to the local ecology
41
94217
2548
fet que perjudica la regió
01:36
of the sea area that it's pumped back out into.
42
96765
2435
del mar on s'aboca.
01:39
So I work in Singapore at the moment,
43
99200
2016
Ara treballo a Singapur,
01:41
and this is a place that's really a leading place
44
101216
2767
que és un lloc capdavanter pel que fa a
01:43
for desalination technology.
45
103983
2001
la tecnologia de dessalinització.
01:45
And Singapore proposes by 2060
46
105984
2550
Singapur es proposa, per al 2060,
01:48
to produce [900] million liters per day
47
108534
3099
produir 900 milions de litres al dia
01:51
of desalinated water.
48
111633
1833
d'aigua dessalinitzada.
01:53
But this will produce an equally massive amount
49
113466
3350
Però això produirà la mateixa quantitat
01:56
of desalination brine.
50
116816
1753
de salmorra.
01:58
And this is where my collaboration with bacteria comes into play.
51
118569
3198
I aquí és on la col·laboració amb els bacteris entra en joc.
02:01
So what we're doing at the moment
52
121767
1949
Actualment estem
02:03
is we're accumulating metals
53
123716
2666
obtenint metalls com ara
02:06
like calcium, potassium and magnesium
54
126382
1984
calci, potassi i magnesi
02:08
from out of desalination brine.
55
128366
2234
de la salmorra.
02:10
And this, in terms of magnesium
56
130600
2282
El volum de magnesi
02:12
and the amount of water that I just mentioned,
57
132882
2550
a la quantitat d'aigua que he dit
02:15
equates to a $4.5 billion
58
135432
2950
equival a uns 3.400 milions d'euros
02:18
mining industry for Singapore --
59
138382
2399
a la indústria minera de Singapur,
02:20
a place that doesn't have any natural resources.
60
140797
2534
un lloc sense recursos naturals.
02:23
So I'd like you to image a mining industry
61
143331
2650
Imagineu ara una indústria minera
02:25
in a way that one hasn't existed before;
62
145981
2089
com no n'ha existit mai cap;
02:28
imagine a mining industry
63
148070
2166
imagineu una indústria minera
02:30
that doesn't mean defiling the Earth;
64
150236
2267
que no profana la terra;
02:32
imagine bacteria helping us do this
65
152503
2111
imagineu els bacteris ajudant-nos
02:34
by accumulating and precipitating
66
154614
3472
acumulant, precipitant
02:38
and sedimenting minerals
67
158086
2417
i sedimentant els minerals
02:40
out of desalination brine.
68
160503
1849
de la salmorra.
02:42
And what you can see here
69
162352
1418
I el que veieu aquí
02:43
is the beginning of an industry in a test tube,
70
163770
2482
és el principi d'una indústria en un tub d'assaig,
02:46
a mining industry that is in harmony with nature.
71
166252
3350
una indústria minera en harmonia amb la natura.
02:49
Thank you.
72
169602
1351
Gràcies.
02:50
(Applause)
73
170953
3632
(Aplaudiments)
About this website

This site will introduce you to YouTube videos that are useful for learning English. You will see English lessons taught by top-notch teachers from around the world. Double-click on the English subtitles displayed on each video page to play the video from there. The subtitles scroll in sync with the video playback. If you have any comments or requests, please contact us using this contact form.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7