Damian Palin: Mining minerals from seawater

57,874 views ・ 2012-06-07

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:00
Translator: Timothy Covell Reviewer: Morton Bast
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λ²ˆμ—­: Seyoung Yoon κ²€ν† : Woo Hwang
00:15
I collaborate with bacteria.
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μ œκ°€ ν•˜λŠ” 일은 λ°•ν…Œλ¦¬μ•„μ™€ κ΄€λ ¨ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:17
And I'm about to show you
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μ§€κΈˆ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ—κ²Œ
00:18
some stop-motion footage that I made recently
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λ³΄μ—¬λ“œλ¦΄ μ˜μƒμ€ λ°•ν…Œλ¦¬μ•„λ“€μ΄
00:20
where you'll see bacteria accumulating minerals
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광물을 μΆ•μ ν•˜λŠ” λͺ¨μŠ΅μ„
00:23
from their environment
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ν•œ μ‹œκ°„ λ™μ•ˆ
00:24
over the period of an hour.
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μŠ€ν†± λͺ¨μ…˜μœΌλ‘œ 찍은 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:26
So what you're seeing here
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μ˜μƒ 속 λ°•ν…Œλ¦¬μ•„λ“€μ€
00:27
is the bacteria metabolizing,
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λ¬Όμ§ˆλŒ€μ‚¬λ₯Ό ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”λ°
00:30
and as they do so
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이 과정을 κ±°μΉ˜λ©΄μ„œ λ°•ν…Œλ¦¬μ•„λ“€μ€
00:31
they create an electrical charge.
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μ „ν•˜λ₯Ό 띠게 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:32
And this attracts metals
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이 μ „ν•˜λŠ” μ£Όλ³€μ˜ 광물을
00:35
from their local environment.
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λŒμ–΄λ‹ΉκΈ°λŠ”λ° 이둜 인해
00:37
And these metals accumulate as minerals
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λ°•ν…Œλ¦¬μ•„μ˜ ν‘œλ©΄ μœ„μ— 광물이 λͺ¨μ΄κ²Œ
00:40
on the surface of the bacteria.
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λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:42
One of the most pervasive problems
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  인λ₯˜κ°€ μ§λ©΄ν•œ
00:44
in the world today for people
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κ°€μž₯ 큰 문제점 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ”
00:46
is inadequate access
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κΉ¨λ—ν•œ μ‹μˆ˜μ˜
00:47
to clean drinking water.
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ν™•λ³΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:49
And the desalination process
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μ‹μˆ˜μ™€ λ†μ—…μš©μˆ˜λ₯Ό ν™•λ³΄ν•˜κΈ°
00:50
is one where we take out salts.
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μœ„ν•΄μ„  염뢄이 제거된 λ‹΄μˆ˜κ°€
00:52
We can use it for drinking and agriculture.
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ν•„μš”ν•œλ° 이λ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ
00:55
Removing the salts from water --
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방법 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜κ°€ μ—­μ‚Όνˆ¬λ²•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:57
particularly seawater --
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μ—­μ‚Όνˆ¬λ²•μœΌλ‘œ
00:58
through reverse osmosis
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바닷물을 λ‹΄μˆ˜λ‘œ λ§Œλ“œλŠ”
01:00
is a critical technique
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ν•΄μˆ˜λ‹΄μˆ˜ν™”λŠ” κΉ¨λ—ν•œ μ‹μˆ˜κ°€
01:01
for countries who do not have access to clean drinking water
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λΆ€μ‘±ν•œ λ‚˜λΌλ“€μ—κ²Œ 맀우 μœ μš©ν•œ
01:04
around the globe.
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κΈ°λ²•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:05
So seawater reverse osmosis
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μ—­μ‚Όνˆ¬λ²•μ—λŠ”
01:07
is a membrane-filtration technology.
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막여과가 μ‚¬μš©λ˜λŠ”λ°
01:09
We take the water from the sea
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바닷물에 μ••λ ₯이 가해지면
01:12
and we apply pressure.
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바닷물이 막을 ν†΅κ³Όν•˜λ©΄μ„œ
01:13
And this pressure forces the seawater
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ν•΄μˆ˜κ°€ λ‹΄μˆ˜ν™”λ˜λŠ”
01:16
through a membrane.
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μ›λ¦¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:17
This takes energy,
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그런데 이런 λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ
01:19
producing clean water.
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κΉ¨λ—ν•œ 물을 μ–»λŠ” λ°μ—λŠ” μ—λ„ˆμ§€κ°€ μ†Œμš”λ˜κ³ 
01:21
But we're also left with a concentrated salt solution, or brine.
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또 이 κ³Όμ •μ—μ„œ λΆ€μ‚°λ¬Όλ‘œ 브라인, 즉 λ†μΆ•λœ 바닷물이 μƒμ„±λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:25
But the process is very expensive
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μ—¬κΈ°μ—”
01:26
and it's cost-prohibitive for many countries around the globe.
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λ§Žμ€ λ‚˜λΌλ“€μ΄ κ°λ‹Ήν•˜κΈ° μ–΄λ €μšΈ μ •λ„λ‘œ
01:29
And also, the brine that's produced
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큰 돈이 ν•„μš”ν• λΏλ§Œ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
01:31
is oftentimes just pumped back out into the sea.
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λΈŒλΌμΈμ„ κ·Έλƒ₯ 바닀에 버릴 κ²½μš°μ—”
01:34
And this is detrimental to the local ecology
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지역 ν•΄μ–‘ μƒνƒœκ³„μ—
01:36
of the sea area that it's pumped back out into.
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λ‚˜μœ 영ν–₯을 미치게 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:39
So I work in Singapore at the moment,
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μ €λŠ” ν˜„μž¬ 싱가포λ₯΄μ—μ„œ
01:41
and this is a place that's really a leading place
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μΌν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”λ° 싱가포λ₯΄μ˜ λ‹΄μˆ˜ν™” κΈ°μˆ μ€ μ„Έκ³„μ—μ„œ
01:43
for desalination technology.
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손에 꼽힐 μ •λ„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:45
And Singapore proposes by 2060
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κ·Έ μœ„μƒμ— 걸맞게 싱가포λ₯΄λŠ” 2060λ…„κΉŒμ§€
01:48
to produce [900] million liters per day
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ν•˜λ£¨ 90μ–΅ λ¦¬ν„°μ˜ λ‹΄μˆ˜λ₯Ό μƒμ‚°ν•˜λŠ” 것을 κ³„νšν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:51
of desalinated water.
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그런데 μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ λ¬Έμ œλŠ”
01:53
But this will produce an equally massive amount
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λ‹΄μˆ˜κ°€ 더 많이 μƒμ‚°λ μˆ˜λ‘ λΈŒλΌμΈλ„ 그만큼 더 많이
01:56
of desalination brine.
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μƒμ„±λœλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:58
And this is where my collaboration with bacteria comes into play.
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이 문제λ₯Ό ν•΄κ²°ν•˜λŠ” 데에 λ°•ν…Œλ¦¬μ•„κ°€ μ‚¬μš©λ  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:01
So what we're doing at the moment
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μ €ν¬λŠ” λ‹΄μˆ˜ν™” κ³Όμ •μ—μ„œ μƒμ„±λœ
02:03
is we're accumulating metals
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λΈŒλΌμΈμ—μ„œ 칼슘, μΉΌλ₯¨, λ§ˆκ·Έλ„€μŠ˜κ³Ό 같은 광물을
02:06
like calcium, potassium and magnesium
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λͺ¨μœΌλŠ” κΈ°μˆ μ„ κ°œλ°œν•˜κ³ 
02:08
from out of desalination brine.
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μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:10
And this, in terms of magnesium
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ν•˜λ£¨ 90μ–΅ λ¦¬ν„°μ˜ λ‹΄μˆ˜λ₯Ό μƒμ‚°ν•œλ‹€κ³ 
02:12
and the amount of water that I just mentioned,
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κ°€μ •ν•  λ•Œ 이 κΈ°μˆ μ„ μ΄μš©ν•˜λ©΄
02:15
equates to a $4.5 billion
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싱가포λ₯΄λŠ” μ•„λ¬΄λŸ° μ²œμ—°μžμ›μ΄ μ—†λŠ” μƒνƒœμ—μ„œλ„
02:18
mining industry for Singapore --
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45μ–΅ λ‹¬λŸ¬ 치의 λ§ˆκ·Έλ„€μŠ˜μ„
02:20
a place that doesn't have any natural resources.
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생산할 수 있게 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:23
So I'd like you to image a mining industry
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이제 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ „ν˜€ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ ν˜•νƒœμ˜
02:25
in a way that one hasn't existed before;
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광업을 생각할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:28
imagine a mining industry
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지ꡬλ₯Ό
02:30
that doesn't mean defiling the Earth;
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μ˜€μ—Όμ‹œν‚€μ§€ μ•Šκ³ 
02:32
imagine bacteria helping us do this
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λ°•ν…Œλ¦¬μ•„λ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•΄
02:34
by accumulating and precipitating
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λ°”λ‹·λ¬Ό 속 광물을
02:38
and sedimenting minerals
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λͺ¨μ•„ μΉ¨μ „μ‹œν‚€κ³ 
02:40
out of desalination brine.
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μ±„μ·¨ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:42
And what you can see here
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아직 μ‹€ν—˜ 단계에 λΆˆκ³Όν•˜μ§€λ§Œ
02:43
is the beginning of an industry in a test tube,
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μ•žμœΌλ‘œ 이 κΈ°μˆ μ„ λ°œμ „μ‹œν‚€λ©΄
02:46
a mining industry that is in harmony with nature.
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광업을 μΉœν™˜κ²½μ μœΌλ‘œ λ°”κΏ€ 수 μžˆμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:49
Thank you.
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:50
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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