Jane Chen: A warm embrace that saves lives

Prevodilac: Ivana Korom Lektor: Sandra Gojic

Please close your eyes,

Molim vas zatvorite oči

and open your hands.

i otvorite dlanove.

Now imagine what you could place in your hands:

Sada zamislite šta možete staviti na dlanove:

an apple, maybe your wallet.

jabuku, možda svoj novčanik.

Now open your eyes.

Sada otvorite oči.

What about a life?

A život?

What you see here is a premature baby.

Ovde vidite nedonošče.

He looks like he's resting peacefully, but in fact he's struggling to stay alive

Izgleda kao da se mirno odmara, ali ustvari se bori da ostane živ

because he can't regulate his own body temperature.

jer ne može sam da održava svoju telesnu temperaturu.

This baby is so tiny he doesn't have

Ova beba je toliko sitna da nema

enough fat on his body to stay warm.

dovoljno sala na telu da ga greje.

Sadly, 20 million babies like this

Nažalost, 20 miliona ovakvih beba

are born every year around the world.

se rodi svake godine širom sveta.

Four million of these babies die annually.

Četiri miliona ovakvih beba godišnje umre.

But the bigger problem is that the ones who do survive

Ali veći problem je što one koje uspeju da prežive

grow up with severe, long-term health problems.

odrastaju sa teškim, dugoročnim zdravstvenim problemima.

The reason is because in the first month of a baby's life,

Razlog tome je što je u prvom mesecu bebinog života

its only job is to grow.

njen jedini posao da raste.

If it's battling hypothermia, its organs can't develop normally,

Ako se bori protiv hipotermije njeni organi ne mogu normalno da se razvijaju,

resulting in a range of health problems

što rezultira raznim zdravstvenim problemima

from diabetes, to heart disease,

od dijabetesa do bolesti srca,

to low I.Q.

do niskog I.Q.-a.

Imagine: Many of these problems could be prevented

Zamislite, mnogi od ovih problema mogu se sprečiti

if these babies were just kept warm.

kad bi se bebe samo mogle ugrejati.

That is the primary function of an incubator.

To je primarna funkcija inkubatora.

But traditional incubators require electricity

Ali tradicionalni inkubatori zahtevaju struju

and cost up to 20 thousand dollars.

i koštaju do 20.000 dolara.

So, you're not going to find them in rural areas of developing countries.

Dakle, nećete ih videti u ruralnim delovima zemalja u razvoju.

As a result, parents resort to local solutions

Posledično, roditelji posežu za lokalnim rešenjima,

like tying hot water bottles around their babies' bodies,

kao što je vezivanje flaša sa toplom vodom oko bebinog tela

or placing them under light bulbs like the ones you see here --

ili stavljanje beba ispod sijalica kao što su ove koje vidite -

methods that are both ineffective and unsafe.

metode koje nisu ni učinkovite ni bezbedne.

I've seen this firsthand over and over again.

Viđam ovo iz prve ruke, iznova i iznova.

On one of my first trips to India, I met this young woman, Sevitha,

Prilikom jedne od prvih poseta Indiji upoznala sam ovu mladu ženu, Sevitu,

who had just given birth to a tiny premature baby, Rani.

koja je bila upravo rodila sitno nedonošče, Rani.

She took her baby to the nearest village clinic,

Odnela je svoju bebu u najbližu seosku kliniku

and the doctor advised her to take Rani

i doktor joj je savetovao da odnese Rani

to a city hospital so she could be placed in an incubator.

u gradsku bolnicu gde bi je stavili u inkubator.

But that hospital was over four hours away,

Ali ta bolnica je bila udaljena preko 4 sata.

and Sevitha didn't have the means to get there,

A Sevita nije imala načina da stigne tamo

so her baby died.

i njena beba je umrla.

Inspired by this story, and dozens of other similar stories like this,

Inspirisani ovom i desetinama priča sličnim ovoj,

my team and I realized what was needed was a local solution,

moj tim i ja smo shvatili da je potrebno lokalno rešenje,

something that could work without electricity,

nešto što bi radilo bez struje,

that was simple enough for a mother or a midwife to use,

što bi bilo dovoljno jednostavno za majku ili babicu da koriste,

given that the majority of births still take place in the home.

s obzirom da se većina porođaja i dalje dešava kod kuće.

We needed something that was portable,

Bilo nam je potrebno nešto prenosivo,

something that could be sterilized and reused across multiple babies

što bi moglo da se steriliše i ponovo koristi za više beba

and something ultra-low-cost,

i nešto ultra-jevtino,

compared to the 20,000 dollars

u poređenju sa cenom od 20.000 dolara

that an incubator in the U.S. costs.

koliko košta inkubator u S.A.D.

So, this is what we came up with.

Ovo smo smislili.

What you see here looks nothing like an incubator.

Ovo što ovde vidite uopšte ne liči na inkubator.

It looks like a small sleeping bag for a baby.

Izgleda kao mala vreća za spavanje za bebu.

You can open it up completely. It's waterproof.

Možete je potpuno otvoriti. Vodootporna je.

There's no seams inside so you can sterilize it very easily.

Nema šavova iznutra tako da je možete sterilisati veoma lako.

But the magic is in this pouch of wax.

Ali magija je u ovoj kesi sa voskom.

This is a phase-change material.

Ovo je materijal koji menja oblik.

It's a wax-like substance with a melting point

To je supstanca slična vosku koja se topi

of human body temperature, 37 degrees Celsius.

na temperaturi čovekovog tela, 37 stepeni Celzijusa.

You can melt this simply using hot water

Možete ga otopiti samo korišćenjem tople vode

and then when it melts it's able to maintain one constant temperature

i kada se otopi u stanju je da održi konstantnu temperaturu

for four to six hours at a time,

između 4 i 6 sati odjednom,

after which you simply reheat the pouch.

posle čega jednostavno ponovo ugrejete kesu.

So, you then place it into this little pocket back here,

Dakle, onda je smestite u ovaj mali džep pozadi

and it creates a warm micro-environment

i to stvara toplo mikro-okruženje

for the baby.

za bebu.

Looks simple, but we've reiterated this dozens of times

Izgleda jednostavno, ali ponavljali smo ovo desetine puta

by going into the field to talk to doctors, moms and clinicians

tako što smo išli na teren i pričali sa doktorima, mamama i kliničarima

to ensure that this really meets the needs of the local communities.

kako bismo bili sigurni da stvarno zadovoljava potrebe lokalnih zajednica.

We plan to launch this product in India in 2010,

Planiramo da lansiramo ovaj proizvod u Indiji 2010.

and the target price point will be 25 dollars,

Cena će biti 25 dolara,

less than 0.1 percent of the cost

manje od 0.1% cene

of a traditional incubator.

tradicionalnog inkubatora.

Over the next five years we hope to save the lives

U narednih pet godina planiramo da spasemo živote

of almost a million babies.

skoro milion beba.

But the longer-term social impact is a reduction in population growth.

Ali dugoročni društveni rezultat je smanjenje rasta populacije.

This seems counterintuitive,

Ovo zvuči nelogično,

but turns out that as infant mortality is reduced,

ali ispostavlja se da, kako opada smrtnost novorođenčadi,

population sizes also decrease,

veličina populacije se takođe smanjuje,

because parents don't need to anticipate

jer roditelji ne moraju da iščekuju

that their babies are going to die.

da će im bebe umreti.

We hope that the Embrace infant warmer

Nadam se da će Embrace grejač beba

and other simple innovations like this

i druga ovako jednostavna rešenja,

represent a new trend for the future of technology:

predstavljati novi trend u budućnosti tehnologije:

simple, localized, affordable solutions

jednostavna, lokalna, pristupačna rešenja

that have the potential to make huge social impact.

koja imaju potencijal da ostvare ogroman društveni uticaj.

In designing this we followed a few basic principles.

Prilikom dizajna pratili smo nekoliko osnovnih principa.

We really tried to understand the end user,

Zaista smo pokušali da razumemo krajnje korisnike,

in this case, people like Sevitha.

u ovom slučaju ljude kao što je Sevita.

We tried to understand the root of the problem

Pokušavamo da razumemo koren problema,

rather than being biased by what already exists.

a da na nas ne utiče ono što već postoji.

And then we thought of the most simple solution we could

I onda smo došli do najjednostavnijeg mogućeg rešenja

to address this problem.

za ovaj problem.

In doing this, I believe we can truly bring technology to the masses.

Radeći ovo, mislim da stvarno možemo približiti tehnologiju masama.

And we can save millions of lives through the simple warmth of an Embrace.

I možemo spasiti milione života, jednostavnom toplinom Zagrljaja.