Jane Chen: A warm embrace that saves lives

翻译人员: Yuan Zhao 校对人员: Chaoran Yu

Please close your eyes,

请闭上眼睛

and open your hands.

打开双手

Now imagine what you could place in your hands:

想象下,你们的手中可以放些什么?

an apple, maybe your wallet.

一只苹果?或者钱包?

Now open your eyes.

请睁开眼睛.

What about a life?

你曾否想过一个生命?

What you see here is a premature baby.

这是一个早产儿。

He looks like he's resting peacefully, but in fact he's struggling to stay alive

看起来，他似乎在安睡，但实际上，他正与死神作斗争。

because he can't regulate his own body temperature.

因为他无法调节自己的体温。

This baby is so tiny he doesn't have

这个婴儿实在太小了，

enough fat on his body to stay warm.

他没有足够的脂肪来维持体温。

Sadly, 20 million babies like this

很悲哀...每年都有两千万这样的婴儿

are born every year around the world.

诞生在世界上。

Four million of these babies die annually.

其中的四百万无法存活。

But the bigger problem is that the ones who do survive

但更严重的问题是，如果他们侥幸存活

grow up with severe, long-term health problems.

一些慢性病将伴随他们一生。

The reason is because in the first month of a baby's life,

因为在婴儿诞生的第一个月

its only job is to grow.

他们唯一要做的就是成长。

If it's battling hypothermia, its organs can't develop normally,

如果体温不稳定，器官不能正常发育

resulting in a range of health problems

随之而来的，就是一连串健康问题

from diabetes, to heart disease,

如糖尿病，心脏病，

to low I.Q.

或弱智。

Imagine: Many of these problems could be prevented

想象下，这些问题本可避免

if these babies were just kept warm.

只要能让婴儿保暖。

That is the primary function of an incubator.

给婴儿保暖是恒温箱的主要功能。

But traditional incubators require electricity

但传统的恒温箱需要电源

and cost up to 20 thousand dollars.

且售价高达2万美元。

So, you're not going to find them in rural areas of developing countries.

在发展中国家的偏远地区，恒温箱根本不存在。

As a result, parents resort to local solutions

因此，父母们只能就地取材，

like tying hot water bottles around their babies' bodies,

如在早产儿身体周围绑上热水壶

or placing them under light bulbs like the ones you see here --

或如你们所看的这张图，将早产儿放在灯泡下--

methods that are both ineffective and unsafe.

这些方法效果差，且不安全。

I've seen this firsthand over and over again.

我多次亲眼目睹这些惨剧。

On one of my first trips to India, I met this young woman, Sevitha,

头几次去印度时，我遇到了这样一位年轻的女性，Sevitha，

who had just given birth to a tiny premature baby, Rani.

她刚刚诞下了一个瘦小的早产儿，Rani。

She took her baby to the nearest village clinic,

她带着孩子去了村子里最近的诊所，

and the doctor advised her to take Rani

医生建议她带Rani去市区的医院

to a city hospital so she could be placed in an incubator.

把Rani放在恒温箱里。

But that hospital was over four hours away,

但去医院要花四个多小时。

and Sevitha didn't have the means to get there,

Sevitha没办法去，

so her baby died.

于是，她的宝贝走了。

Inspired by this story, and dozens of other similar stories like this,

由这个故事，及其他类似的故事中受到启发，

my team and I realized what was needed was a local solution,

我和我的团队意识到，必须要有一个能够就地取材的办法，

something that could work without electricity,

一个可不插电的工具，

that was simple enough for a mother or a midwife to use,

简单易用，不会难倒母亲和产婆，

given that the majority of births still take place in the home.

因为大多数的婴儿仍然是在家中被接生的。

We needed something that was portable,

这个工具需方便携带，

something that could be sterilized and reused across multiple babies

能够被消毒，并给不同的婴儿重复使用，

and something ultra-low-cost,

价格得极其便宜，

compared to the 20,000 dollars

远低于两万美元，

that an incubator in the U.S. costs.

这就是我们要设计的恒温箱。

So, this is what we came up with.

这就是我们的成果。

What you see here looks nothing like an incubator.

它看起来一点也不像个恒温箱。

It looks like a small sleeping bag for a baby.

反似婴儿用的睡袋。

You can open it up completely. It's waterproof.

你可以把它完全打开。它是防水的。

There's no seams inside so you can sterilize it very easily.

无缝设计，便于消毒。

But the magic is in this pouch of wax.

但神奇的地方就在这一包蜡里。

This is a phase-change material.

这是一种渐变性材料。

It's a wax-like substance with a melting point

形似蜡，融点为人体体温

of human body temperature, 37 degrees Celsius.

37摄氏度。

You can melt this simply using hot water

用热水就可以把它融化

and then when it melts it's able to maintain one constant temperature

当它融化时，它将保持恒定的温度

for four to six hours at a time,

每次维持4到6小时，

after which you simply reheat the pouch.

之后，你可以对包囊再加热。

So, you then place it into this little pocket back here,

将它放在背后的小口袋里，

and it creates a warm micro-environment

它会为婴儿营造

for the baby.

一个温暖的小环境。

Looks simple, but we've reiterated this dozens of times

看似简单，但我们为此多次

by going into the field to talk to doctors, moms and clinicians

造访当地的医生，母亲，诊所

to ensure that this really meets the needs of the local communities.

以确保它能满足当地的要求。

We plan to launch this product in India in 2010,

我们计划于2010年在印度投放该产品。

and the target price point will be 25 dollars,

目标价格定为每只25美元，

less than 0.1 percent of the cost

不到传统恒温箱

of a traditional incubator.

价格的0.1%。

Over the next five years we hope to save the lives

在接下来的五年，

of almost a million babies.

我们希望能够救助一百万名婴儿。

But the longer-term social impact is a reduction in population growth.

但它长期的社会影响是降低人口增长。

This seems counterintuitive,

听起来似乎有违常理，

but turns out that as infant mortality is reduced,

但只要婴儿的死亡率降低，

population sizes also decrease,

人口也将减少，

because parents don't need to anticipate

因为父母们不用担心孩子会过早夭折

that their babies are going to die.

而生更多的孩子。

We hope that the Embrace infant warmer

我们希望这款"温暖的拥抱"

and other simple innovations like this

以及其他类似的小创新

represent a new trend for the future of technology:

能代表未来科技的趋势：

simple, localized, affordable solutions

简约化，本土化，经济化，

that have the potential to make huge social impact.

这将对社会产生巨大影响力。

In designing this we followed a few basic principles.

在设计中，我们遵循了一些基本的法则。

We really tried to understand the end user,

我们急用户之所急，想用户之所想，

in this case, people like Sevitha.

了解Sevitha他们的需求。

We tried to understand the root of the problem

我们努力挖掘问题的根源

rather than being biased by what already exists.

不受表面现象的影响。

And then we thought of the most simple solution we could

我们希望寻找最简单的方法

to address this problem.

来解决问题。

In doing this, I believe we can truly bring technology to the masses.

这样一来，我相信科技必将造福于大众。

And we can save millions of lives through the simple warmth of an Embrace.

通过简单的"温暖的拥抱"，我们可以拯救许多生命。