Don't eat the marshmallow! | Joachim de Posada

975,768 views ใƒป 2009-08-10

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Seyoung Yoon ๊ฒ€ํ† : Yuju Hong
00:18
I'm here because I have a very important message:
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ ค์ค„ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์ด ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:21
I think we have found
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์ €๋Š” ์„ฑ๊ณต์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ
00:23
the most important factor for success.
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์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:26
And it was found close to here, Stanford.
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๊ทธ ์š”์†Œ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ์Šคํƒ ํฌ๋“œ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ์ฐพ์•˜์ฃ .
00:31
Psychology professor took kids that were four years old
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ํ•œ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•™ ๊ต์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ 4์‚ด์งœ๋ฆฌ ์• ๋“ค์„
00:35
and put them in a room all by themselves.
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ํ™€๋กœ ๋ฐฉ ์•ˆ์— ๋‘์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:39
And he would tell the child, a four-year-old kid,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์•„์ด์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:42
"Johnny, I am going to leave you here with a marshmallow
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"๋„ˆํ•œํ…Œ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋ฉœ๋กœ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๊ณ 
00:45
for 15 minutes.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ 15๋ถ„๋™์•ˆ ํ˜ผ์ž ๋‘˜๊ฑฐ์•ผ.
00:47
If, after I come back, this marshmallow is here,
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋Œ์•„์™”์„ ๋•Œ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋ฉœ๋กœ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋„Œ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋ฉœ๋กœ๋ฅผ
00:51
you will get another one. So you will have two."
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ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋” ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์–ป๋Š” ์…ˆ์ด์ง€."
00:55
To tell a four-year-old kid to wait 15 minutes
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4์‚ด์งœ๋ฆฌ ์• ํ•œํ…Œ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•ž์— ๋‘๊ณ  15๋ถ„๋™์•ˆ
00:58
for something that they like,
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๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งˆ์น˜ ์–ด๋ฅธ์—๊ฒŒ
01:00
is equivalent to telling us, "We'll bring you coffee in two hours."
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์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋‘ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ํ›„์— ๊ฐ–๋‹ค ์ฃผ๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:04
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
01:05
Exact equivalent.
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์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์ฃ .
01:07
So what happened when the professor left the room?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๊ต์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฉ์„ ๋‚˜๊ฐ”์„ ๋•Œ ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ๋ฒŒ์–ด์กŒ์„๊นŒ์š”?
01:12
As soon as the door closed...
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๋ฌธ์ด ๋‹ซํžˆ์ž ๋งˆ์ž 3๋ช… ์ค‘ 2๋ช…์€
01:16
two out of three ate the marshmallow.
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๋งˆ์‹œ๋ฉœ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊ฟ€๊บฝํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:18
Five seconds, 10 seconds, 40 seconds, 50 seconds,
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5์ดˆ, 10์ดˆ, 40์ดˆ, 50์ดˆ, 2๋ถ„, 4๋ถ„, 8๋ถ„.
01:21
two minutes, four minutes, eight minutes.
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๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋„ ์ฐธ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:23
Some lasted 14-and-a-half minutes.
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์–ด๋–ค ์• ๋“ค์€ 30์ดˆ๋ฅผ ๋‚จ๊ธฐ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์‹œ๋ฉœ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋จน๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
01:26
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
01:27
Couldn't do it. Could not wait.
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๊ทธ ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:31
What's interesting is that one out of three
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ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์ ์€ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ 3๋ช… ์ค‘ 1๋ช…์€
01:34
would look at the marshmallow and go like this ...
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๋งˆ์‹œ๋ฉœ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋šซ์–ด์ง€๊ฒŒ ์ณ๋‹ค๋ณธ ํ›„ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:39
Would look at it.
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๋งˆ์‹œ๋ฉœ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ณ๋‹ค๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:41
Put it back.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๋Š” ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋‚ด๋ ค๋†“์ฃ .
01:43
They would walk around. They would play with their skirts and pants.
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์ด๋Ÿฌ์ €๋ฆฌ ๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ์˜ท์„ ๋งŒ์ง€์ž‘๊ฑฐ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:48
That child already, at four, understood
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์ด ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ 4์‚ด์ธ๋ฐ๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ฏธ
01:51
the most important principle for success,
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์„ฑ๊ณต์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์š”์ธ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:54
which is the ability to delay gratification.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์š•๊ตฌ ์ถฉ์กฑ์„ ๋’ค๋กœ ๋ฏธ๋ฃฐ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด์ฃ .
01:58
Self-discipline:
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์ด ์ž์ œ๋ ฅ์ด ์„ฑ๊ณต์„ ์œ„ํ•œ
02:00
the most important factor for success.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์š”์ธ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:03
15 years later, 14 or 15 years later,
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15๋…„ ํ›„ ์ฏค ์‹คํ—˜์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ–ˆ๋˜ ์•„์ด๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
02:06
follow-up study.
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์‚ฌํ›„ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:08
What did they find?
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๊ณผ์—ฐ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
02:10
They went to look for these kids who were now 18 and 19.
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์ด์ œ 18์‚ด, 19์‚ด์ด ๋œ ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ์ง์ ‘ ์ฐพ์•„๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:13
And they found that 100 percent
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๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์‹คํ—˜ ๋‹น์‹œ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋ฉœ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋จน์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋˜ ์•„์ด๋“ค์€
02:16
of the children that had not eaten the marshmallow were successful.
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๋ชจ๋‘ ๋‹ค ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ์‚ถ์„ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:20
They had good grades. They were doing wonderful.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์„ฑ์ ๋„ ์ข‹์•˜๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฉด์—์„œ ์ž˜ ํ•ด๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
02:22
They were happy. They had their plans.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ–‰๋ณตํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณ„ํš์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:24
They had good relationships with the teachers, students.
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์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค๊ณผ ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋„ ์ž˜ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ ์š”.
02:27
They were doing fine.
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๋ง ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ž˜ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:28
A great percentage of the kids that ate the marshmallow,
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— ๋งˆ์‹œ๋ฉœ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋จน์€ ์•„์ด๋“ค ์ค‘ ์ƒ๋‹น์ˆ˜๋Š”
02:31
they were in trouble.
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:32
They did not make it to university.
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๋Œ€ํ•™ ์ง„ํ•™์„ ํฌ๊ธฐํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
02:34
They had bad grades. Some of them dropped out.
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๋‚˜์œ ์„ฑ์ ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ํ•™์—…์„ ํฌ๊ธฐํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:36
A few were still there with bad grades.
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์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๋‚˜์œ ์„ฑ์ ์„ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ฉด์„œ ํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:38
A few had good grades.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ข‹์€ ์„ฑ์ ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
02:40
I had a question in my mind: Would Hispanic kids
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์ €๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜๋ฌธ์ ์ด ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณผ์—ฐ ๋ผํ‹ด
02:42
react the same way as the American kids?
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์•„๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ์นด๊ณ„์˜ ์•„์ด๋“ค๋„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์•„์ด๋“ค์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ–‰๋™ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
02:45
So I went to Colombia. And I reproduced the experiment.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ฝœ๋กฌ๋น„์•„๋กœ ๊ฐ€์„œ ๋™์ผํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‹คํ–‰ํ•ด๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:48
And it was very funny. I used four, five and six years old kids.
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4~6์‚ด์งœ๋ฆฌ ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋กœ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ทธ ๊ณผ์ •์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:51
And let me show you what happened.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ์ง์ ‘ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
(Spanish) (Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:50
So what happened in Colombia?
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์ฝœ๋กฌ๋น„์•„์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋‚˜์š”?
04:52
Hispanic kids, two out of three ate the marshmallow;
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๋ผํ‹ด ์•„๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ์นด๊ณ„ ์•„์ด๋“ค๋„ 3๋ช… ์ค‘ 2๋ช…์€ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋ฉœ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋จน์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:55
one out of three did not.
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๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ 3๋ช… ์ค‘ 1๋ช…์€ ๋จน์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ณ ์š”.
04:57
This little girl was interesting;
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์—ฌ์ž์•„์ด๋Š” ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:59
she ate the inside of the marshmallow.
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๊ทธ ์•„์ด๋Š” ๋งˆ์‹œ๋ฉœ๋กœ์˜ ๋‚ด๋ถ€๋งŒ ๋นจ์•„ ๋จน์—ˆ์ฃ .
05:01
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
05:02
In other words, she wanted us to think that she had not eaten it, so she would get two.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด ๋งˆ์‹œ๋ฉœ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋จน์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์„œ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋” ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:06
But she ate it.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ๋จน์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ๋„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
05:08
So we know she'll be successful. But we have to watch her.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ทธ ์•„์ด๋Š” ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•˜๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ ์ฃผ์˜ ๊นŠ๊ฒŒ ์‚ดํŽด ๋ณผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:11
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
05:12
She should not go into banking, for example,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์€ํ–‰์ด๋‚˜ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋Œ€์—์„œ
05:15
or work at a cash register.
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์ผํ•˜๋ฉด ์•ˆ๋˜๊ฒ ์ฃ .
05:17
But she will be successful.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์–ด์จŒ๋“  ๊ฐ„์— ๊ทธ ์•„์ด๋Š” ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:19
And this applies for everything. Even in sales.
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์ด ๋งˆ์‹œ๋ฉœ๋กœ ์›๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํŒ๋งค๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์— ์ ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:21
The sales person that --
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์ด ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ํŒ๋งค์›์ด
05:25
the customer says, "I want that." And the person says, "Okay, here you are."
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์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์—๊ฒŒ ์ค€๋‹ค๋ฉด
05:27
That person ate the marshmallow.
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๊ทธ ํŒ๋งค์›์€ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋ฉœ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋จน์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:29
If the sales person says, "Wait a second.
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— ํŒ๋งค์›์ด "๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•ด์„œ ๊ณ ๊ฐ๋‹˜์ด
05:31
Let me ask you a few questions to see if this is a good choice."
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์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ •๋ง ์ด๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์ฃ ."๋ผ๊ณ 
05:34
Then you sell a lot more.
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๋งํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ํŒ” ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
05:35
So this has applications in all walks of life.
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์ด ์›๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ์ƒ์ƒํ™œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฉด์— ์ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:40
I end with -- the Koreans did this.
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜์‘์ด ์ด๋žฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:43
You know what? This is so good
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์ด๊ฑฐ ์ •๋ง ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€๋ฐ? ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์•„์ด๋“คํ•œํ…Œ
05:45
that we want a marshmallow book for children.
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๋งˆ์‹œ๋ฉœ๋กœ ์›๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฑ…์„ ์„ ๋ฌผํ•ด์ค˜์•ผ๊ฒ ๋‹ค.
05:47
We did one for children. And now it is all over Korea.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ฑ…์„ ๋ƒˆ๊ณ  ํ˜„์žฌ ํ•œ๊ตญ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:50
They are teaching these kids exactly this principle.
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ํ•œ๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š” ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ด ์›๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ต์œก์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:52
And we need to learn that principle here in the States,
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๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ๋„ ์ด ์›๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ต์œก์‹œ์ผœ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:54
because we have a big debt.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ํ˜„์žฌ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค
05:56
We are eating more marshmallows than we are producing.
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์–‘์˜ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋ฉœ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋จน๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
05:58
Thank you so much.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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