Don't eat the marshmallow! | Joachim de Posada

970,166 views ・ 2009-08-10

TED


Please double-click on the English subtitles below to play the video.

Translator: Schubert Malbas Reviewer: Polimar Balatbat
00:18
I'm here because I have a very important message:
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Nandito ako dahil mayroon akong isang mahalagang mensahe:
00:21
I think we have found
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Sa palagay ko nahanap na natin
00:23
the most important factor for success.
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ang susi sa tagumpay.
00:26
And it was found close to here, Stanford.
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At natagpuan ito malapit dito, sa Stanford.
00:31
Psychology professor took kids that were four years old
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Dinala ng isang propesor ng sikolohiya ang mga batang apat na taong gulang
00:35
and put them in a room all by themselves.
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sa isang kuwarto at iniwan sila doon.
00:39
And he would tell the child, a four-year-old kid,
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At sinabi niya sa isang bata, na apat-na-taong gulang,
00:42
"Johnny, I am going to leave you here with a marshmallow
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"Johnny, iiwan ko itong marshmallow at aalis ako dito
00:45
for 15 minutes.
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sa loob ng 15 minuto.
00:47
If, after I come back, this marshmallow is here,
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Kung sa pagbalik ko, nandito pa ang marshmallow,
00:51
you will get another one. So you will have two."
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makakakuha ka ng isa pa. Magiging dalawa 'yan."
00:55
To tell a four-year-old kid to wait 15 minutes
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Ang pagsabi sa isang apat-na-taong gulang na maghintay ng 15 minuto
00:58
for something that they like,
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para sa isang bagay na gusto nila,
01:00
is equivalent to telling us, "We'll bring you coffee in two hours."
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ay katumbas ng pagsabi sa atin na, "Dadalhin namin ang inyong kape sa loob ng 2 oras."
01:04
(Laughter)
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(Tawanan)
01:05
Exact equivalent.
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Eksaktong katumbas.
01:07
So what happened when the professor left the room?
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Anong nangyari nung umalis ang propesor sa kuwarto?
01:12
As soon as the door closed...
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Sa sandaling nagsara ang pinto...
01:16
two out of three ate the marshmallow.
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Dalawa sa bawat tatlong bata, kinain ang marshmallow.
01:18
Five seconds, 10 seconds, 40 seconds, 50 seconds,
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Limang segundo, 10 segundo, 40 segundo, 50 segundo,
01:21
two minutes, four minutes, eight minutes.
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dalawang minuto, apat na minuto, walong minuto.
01:23
Some lasted 14-and-a-half minutes.
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Ang ilan, nakapagtiis sa loob ng 14-at-kalahating minuto.
01:26
(Laughter)
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(Tawanan)
01:27
Couldn't do it. Could not wait.
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Hindi magawa. Hindi makapaghintay.
01:31
What's interesting is that one out of three
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Kapansin-pansin na isa sa bawat tatlo
01:34
would look at the marshmallow and go like this ...
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ay tinitigan ang marshmallow at gumanito..
01:39
Would look at it.
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Tinitigan.
01:41
Put it back.
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Ibinalik.
01:43
They would walk around. They would play with their skirts and pants.
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Naglakad-lakad sila. Naglaro gamit ang kanilang pantalon at saya.
01:48
That child already, at four, understood
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Ang batang iyon, sa edad na 4, ay naunawaan na
01:51
the most important principle for success,
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ang pinakamahalagang prinsipyo ng tagumpay,
01:54
which is the ability to delay gratification.
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ang pagpapaliban ng gantimpala.
01:58
Self-discipline:
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Disiplina sa sarili:
02:00
the most important factor for success.
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ang pinakamahalagang susi sa tagumpay.
02:03
15 years later, 14 or 15 years later,
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Matapos ang 15 taon, halos 14 o 15 taon na,
02:06
follow-up study.
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isang karugtong na pag-aaral.
02:08
What did they find?
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Ano ang nalaman nila?
02:10
They went to look for these kids who were now 18 and 19.
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Hinanap nila ang mga batang iyon na ngayo'y 18 at 19 na.
02:13
And they found that 100 percent
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Nalaman nila na 100 porsyento
02:16
of the children that had not eaten the marshmallow were successful.
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ng mga bata na hindi kinain ang marshmallow ay naging matagumpay.
02:20
They had good grades. They were doing wonderful.
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Matataas ang kanilang marka. Kahanga-hanga ang kanilang mga nagawa.
02:22
They were happy. They had their plans.
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Naging masaya sila. Marami silang plano sa buhay.
02:24
They had good relationships with the teachers, students.
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Maganda ang kanilang naging ugnayan sa mga guro at kapwa mag-aaral.
02:27
They were doing fine.
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Maayos ang kanilang buhay.
02:28
A great percentage of the kids that ate the marshmallow,
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Sa isang banda, marami sa mga bata na kinain ang marshmallow,
02:31
they were in trouble.
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maraming naging problema.
02:32
They did not make it to university.
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Hindi sila nakapasok ng kolehiyo.
02:34
They had bad grades. Some of them dropped out.
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Mababa ang kanilang grado. Nag-drop out ang ilan sa kanila.
02:36
A few were still there with bad grades.
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Ilan sa natira mababa pa rin ang grado.
02:38
A few had good grades.
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Ang ilan, maganda naman ang grado.
02:40
I had a question in my mind: Would Hispanic kids
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May tanong na bumabagabag sa aking isipan: Magiging magkatulad ba ang resulta
02:42
react the same way as the American kids?
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kung mga batang Latino sila kaysa sa batang Amerikano?
02:45
So I went to Colombia. And I reproduced the experiment.
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Kaya pumunta ako ng Colombia. At inulit ko ang eksperimento.
02:48
And it was very funny. I used four, five and six years old kids.
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At naging nakakatuwa naman; ang mga bata ay edad apat, lima, at anim.
02:51
And let me show you what happened.
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Hayaan niyong ipakita ko ang mga nangyari.
03:09
(Spanish) (Laughter)
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(Espanyol) (Tawanan)
04:50
So what happened in Colombia?
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Anong nangyari sa Colombia?
04:52
Hispanic kids, two out of three ate the marshmallow;
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Mga batang Latino, dalawa sa bawat tatlo, kinain ang marshmallow;
04:55
one out of three did not.
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isa sa bawat tatlo naman ay nakapagtiis.
04:57
This little girl was interesting;
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Nakakatuwa ang batang ito;
04:59
she ate the inside of the marshmallow.
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kinain niya ang loob ng marshmallow.
05:01
(Laughter)
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(Tawanan)
05:02
In other words, she wanted us to think that she had not eaten it, so she would get two.
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Samakatuwid, gusto niyang isipin natin na hindi niya kinain iyon, para makakuha siya ng isa pa.
05:06
But she ate it.
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Pero kinain niya ito.
05:08
So we know she'll be successful. But we have to watch her.
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Kaya alam natin na magtatagumpay siya. Ngunit kailangan natin siyang bantayan.
05:11
(Laughter)
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(Tawanan)
05:12
She should not go into banking, for example,
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Hindi siya pwede sa banko, halimbawa,
05:15
or work at a cash register.
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o magtrabaho bilang kahera.
05:17
But she will be successful.
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Pero magtatagumpay siya.
05:19
And this applies for everything. Even in sales.
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Totoo ito kahit saan. Kahit sa pagtitinda.
05:21
The sales person that --
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Ipagpalagay natin, isang tindera --
05:25
the customer says, "I want that." And the person says, "Okay, here you are."
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sabi ng customer, "Gusto ko niyan." At sasabihin ng tindera, "Okay, eto na."
05:27
That person ate the marshmallow.
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Kinain ng taong iyon ang marshmallow.
05:29
If the sales person says, "Wait a second.
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Kung sinabi ng tindera, "Teka muna.
05:31
Let me ask you a few questions to see if this is a good choice."
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Tatanungin muna kita upang malaman kung tama nga ang pinili mo."
05:34
Then you sell a lot more.
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Sigurado mas marami ang benta mo.
05:35
So this has applications in all walks of life.
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Nagagamit ito sa lahat ng aspeto ng buhay.
05:40
I end with -- the Koreans did this.
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Tatapusin ko na ito -- ito ay gawa ng mga Korean.
05:43
You know what? This is so good
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Alam mo ba? Sa sobrang tuwa
05:45
that we want a marshmallow book for children.
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ginusto namin ang isang pambatang libro tungkol sa marshmallow.
05:47
We did one for children. And now it is all over Korea.
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At gumawa kami ng librong pambata. Nagkalat na ito ngayon sa buong Korea.
05:50
They are teaching these kids exactly this principle.
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Tinuturo nila ang prinsipyong ito sa lahat ng bata doon.
05:52
And we need to learn that principle here in the States,
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At kailangan nating matutunan ang prinsipyong iyon dito sa Estados Unidos,
05:54
because we have a big debt.
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dahil malaki ang ating utang.
05:56
We are eating more marshmallows than we are producing.
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Mas maraming marshmallow ang kinakain natin kaysa sa nagagawa.
05:58
Thank you so much.
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Maraming salamat.
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