The $8 billion iPod | Rob Reid

950,665 views ・ 2012-03-15

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Young-ho Park κ²€ν† : Woo Hwang
00:15
The recent debate over copyright laws
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미ꡭ의 λΆˆλ²•λ³΅μ œ 방지법(SOPA)κ³Ό
00:17
like SOPA in the United States
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유럽의 μœ„μ‘°λ°©μ§€λ¬΄μ—­ν˜‘μ •(ACTA) 같은
00:19
and the ACTA agreement in Europe
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μ €μž‘κΆŒ 법에 λŒ€ν•œ 근래의 λ…ΌμŸμ€
00:21
has been very emotional.
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맀우 κ°μ •μ μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:23
And I think some dispassionate, quantitative reasoning
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μ €λŠ” μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 이런 토둠을 ν• λ•Œ 감정에 μ’Œμš°λ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ€
00:26
could really bring a great deal to the debate.
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μ •λŸ‰μ μΈ 좔둠을 μ μš©ν•΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:28
I'd therefore like to propose
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ €λŠ” μ €μž‘κΆŒμ—
00:30
that we employ, we enlist,
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κ΄€λ ¨λœ 문제λ₯Ό ν•΄κ²°ν•  λ•Œ
00:32
the cutting edge field of copyright math
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μ΅œμ²¨λ‹¨ μ €μž‘κΆŒ μˆ˜ν•™μ„
00:34
whenever we approach this subject.
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μ‚¬μš©ν•  것을 μ œμ•ˆν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:36
For instance, just recently
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예λ₯Όλ“€μ–΄, λ―Έκ΅­μ˜ν™”ν˜‘νšŒ(MPAA)λŠ”
00:38
the Motion Picture Association revealed
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λ―Έκ΅­ κ²½μ œκ°€ μ €μž‘κΆŒ μΉ¨ν•΄λ‘œ 맀년
00:40
that our economy loses 58 billion dollars a year
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580μ–΅ λ‹¬λŸ¬λ₯Ό μžƒκ³  μžˆλ‹€κ³ 
00:43
to copyright theft.
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μ΅œκ·Όμ— λ°ν˜”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:46
Now rather than just argue about this number,
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이 κΈˆμ•‘μ΄ λ§žλŠ”μ§€ λ…ΌμŸν•˜κΈ° 보닀
00:48
a copyright mathematician will analyze it
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μ €μž‘κΆŒ μˆ˜ν•™μžκ°€ 곧 이 κΈˆμ•‘μ„ 뢄석해 λ³΄λ‹ˆ
00:51
and he'll soon discover that this money
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κ·Έ λˆμ„ μ­‰ κΉ”λ©΄ 이 κ°•μ—°μ‹€μ—μ„œ
00:53
could stretch from this auditorium
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μ›¨μŠ€ν‹΄μ˜ μ˜€μ…˜ λΆˆλ ˆλ°”λ“œλ₯Ό 걸쳐
00:55
all the way across Ocean Boulevard
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화성에 κΉŒμ§€ κ°”λ‹€κ°€
00:57
to the Westin, and then to Mars ...
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μ˜€λŠ”λ° μΆ©λΆ„ ...
01:00
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
01:02
... if we use pennies.
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κ·Έ 거리λ₯Ό λ™μ „μœΌλ‘œ κΉ”λ©΄ 말이죠.
01:05
Now this is obviously a powerful,
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이건 λΆ„λͺ…νžˆ 맀우 κ°•λ ₯ν•œ, μ–΄μ©œ μœ„ν—˜ν•  μ •λ„λ‘œ μ—„μ²­λ‚˜κ²Œ
01:07
some might say dangerously powerful, insight.
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톡찰λ ₯μžˆλŠ” 아이디어일지도 λͺ¨λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:10
But it's also a morally important one.
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이건 λ˜ν•œ λ„λ•μ μœΌλ‘œλ„ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 아이디어죠.
01:12
Because this isn't just the hypothetical retail value
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κ·Έ μ΄μœ λŠ”, 이건 λ‹¨μˆœνžˆ λΆˆλ²•λ³΅μ œν•œ μ˜ν™”μ˜
01:15
of some pirated movies that we're talking about,
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μΆ”μ •ν•œ μ†Œλ§€κ°’λ§Œ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
01:17
but this is actual economic losses.
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μ‹€μ œμ μΈ κ²½μ œμ†μ‹€μ— λŒ€ν•œ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
01:19
This is the equivalent
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이런 경제적 손싀은 λ―Έκ΅­ μ „μ²΄μ˜
01:21
to the entire American corn crop failing
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μ˜₯수수 농사 및 λͺ¨λ“  과일,
01:23
along with all of our fruit crops,
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λ°€, λ‹΄λ°°, μŒ€,그리고 수수 농사가
01:26
as well as wheat, tobacco,
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μ™„μ „νžˆ μ‹€νŒ¨ν•˜λŠ” 것과
01:28
rice, sorghum --
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λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€μ£ 
01:30
whatever sorghum is -- losing sorghum.
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μˆ˜μˆ˜κ°€ 뭔지 λͺ¨λ₯΄μ§€λ§Œμš”.
01:34
But identifying the actual losses to the economy
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 'μ €μž‘κΆŒ μˆ˜ν•™'을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šκ³ 
01:37
is almost impossible to do
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μ‹€μ œμ μΈ 경제 손싀을
01:39
unless we use copyright math.
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κ³„μ‚°ν•˜λŠ” 것은 거의 λΆˆκ°€λŠ₯ν•˜μ£ .
01:41
Now music revenues are down by about eight billion dollars a year
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λ‚©μŠ€ν„°κ°€ 생긴 ν›„ μ§€κΈˆκΉŒμ§€ μŒμ•… μ—…κ³„λŠ”
01:44
since Napster first came on the scene.
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맀년 80μ–΅ λ‹¬λŸ¬μ— λ‹¬ν•˜λŠ” μˆ˜μ΅μ„ μžƒμ—ˆμ£ .
01:46
So that's a chunk of what we're looking for.
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방금 λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦° μ†ν•΄μ•‘μ˜ 큰 뢀뢄이 λ°”λ‘œ 이거죠.
01:49
But total movie revenues
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κ·ΈλŸΌμ—λ„ λΆˆκ΅¬ν•˜κ³  κ·Ήμž₯, ν™ˆλΉ„λ””μ˜€ 그리고 νŽ˜μ΄νΌλ·°μ—
01:51
across theaters, home video and pay-per-view are up.
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μ˜ν•œ μ˜ν™”κ³„μ˜ μ΄μˆ˜μ΅μ€ μ˜¬λΌκ°€κ³  있죠.
01:53
And TV, satellite and cable revenues are way up.
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그리고, TV, μœ„μ„± 및 케이블 λ°©μ†‘μ˜ μˆ˜μ΅λ„ μ—„μ²­ 올랐죠.
01:56
Other content markets like book publishing and radio
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λ„μ„œμ‹œμž₯ 및 λΌλ””μ˜€ 같은 μ»¨ν…μΈ μ‹œμž₯도
01:58
are also up.
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μ—­μ‹œ μƒμŠΉκΈ°μ— μžˆκ³ μš”.
02:00
So this small missing chunk here
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 그듀이 λ§ν•˜λŠ” '큰 경제적 손싀'μ΄λΌλŠ”κ±΄
02:02
is puzzling.
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수수꺼끼 같은 쑴재죠.
02:04
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
02:07
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
02:10
Since the big content markets
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그런데 이 κ±°λŒ€ν•œ 컨텐츠 μ‹œμž₯의 μ„±μž₯율이
02:12
have grown in line with historic norms,
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역사적인 톡계에 λ”°λ₯Έ μ„±μž₯율과 λΉ„λ“±ν•˜κ²Œ
02:14
it's not additional growth that piracy has prevented,
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λ°œμ „ν•œ 사싀을 κ°μ•ˆν•˜λ©΄ λΆˆλ²•λ³΅μ œ λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
02:17
but copyright math tells us
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이 μ‹œμž₯의 μ„±μž₯이 μ–΅μ œλœκ±΄ μ•„λ‹Œλ°,
02:19
it must therefore be foregone growth
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μ €μž‘κΆŒ μˆ˜ν•™μ— μ˜ν•˜λ©΄ 이 μ‹œμž₯은 90λ…„λŒ€μ—λŠ”
02:22
in a market that has no historic norms --
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μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜μ§€λ„ μ•Šμ•˜λ˜ μ‹œμž₯의 역사적 톡계에
02:24
one that didn't exist in the 90's.
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μ˜ν•΄ μ„±μž₯이 μ–΅μ œλœκ²Œ λΆ„λͺ…ν•˜μ£ .
02:26
What we're looking at here
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ§€κΈˆ μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ 보고 μžˆλŠ” 것은
02:28
is the insidious cost of ringtone piracy.
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μŒν‰ν•œ μ‹ ν˜ΈμŒ λΆˆλ²•λ³΅μ œ ν–‰μœ„λ‘œ μΈν•œ 손해앑이죠.
02:30
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
02:34
50 billion dollars of it a year,
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이둜 μΈν•œ 손싀은 500μ–΅ λ‹¬λŸ¬μ— λ‹¬ν•˜λŠ”λ°
02:36
which is enough, at 30 seconds a ringtone,
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μ‹ ν˜ΈμŒ ν•˜λ‚˜λ₯Ό 30초라고 μ³μ„œ μ‹œκ°„μœΌλ‘œ
02:38
that could stretch from here
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κ³„μ‚°ν•˜λ©΄ μ§€κΈˆλΆ€ν„° λ„€μ•ˆλ°λ₯΄νƒˆμΈμ΄
02:40
to Neanderthal times.
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μ‚΄λ˜ μ‹œλŒ€κΉŒμ§€ 도달할 수 있죠.
02:42
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
02:46
It's true.
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사싀 κ·Έλž˜μš”.
02:48
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
02:50
I have Excel.
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μ œκ°€ μ—‘μ…€λ‘œ κ³„μ‚°ν–ˆμ£ .
02:52
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
02:54
The movie folks also tell us
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μ˜ν™”μ—…κ³„λŠ” 컨텐츠 도둑 ν–‰μœ„κ°€
02:56
that our economy loses
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37만개의 μΌμžλ¦¬κ°€ μ—†μ–΄μ§€λŠ” 손싀을
02:58
over 370,000 jobs to content theft,
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우리 κ²½μ œμ— λ―Έμ³€λ‹€κ³  λ§ν–ˆλŠ”λ°
03:01
which is quite a lot when you consider that, back in '98,
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이 μˆ«μžλŠ” 1998년에 λ―Έ 노동톡계ꡭ이 λ°œν‘œν•œ
03:04
the Bureau of Labor Statistics indicated
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ν†΅κ³„μ—μ„œ μ˜ν™”μ™€ λΉ„λ””μ˜€ 업계에
03:06
that the motion picture and video industries
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27만λͺ…이 μΌν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€κ³  λ°œν‘œν•œ 사싀을
03:08
were employing 270,000 people.
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κ°„μ£Όν• λ•Œ κ½€ λ§Žμ€ 숫자죠.
03:11
Other data has the music industry at about 45,000 people.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ 데이터에 μ˜ν•˜λ©΄ μŒμ•… 업계에
03:14
And so the job losses that came with the Internet
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μ•½ 4만 5천λͺ…이 μΌν•œλ‹€κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆκΉŒ
03:16
and all that content theft,
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인터넷과 컨텐츠 λ„λ‘‘ν–‰μœ„λ‘œ μžƒμ€ 일자리λ₯Ό ν•©μΉ˜λ©΄
03:18
have therefore left us with negative employment in our content industries.
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ν˜„μž¬ 컨텐츠 μ—…κ³„μ—μ„œ μΌν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ ν•œλͺ…도 μ—†μ–΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 결둠이죠.
03:21
And this is just one of the many mind-blowing statistics
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 이건 μ €μž‘κΆŒ μˆ˜ν•™μžλ“€μ΄ 맀일 μ ‘ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ”
03:24
that copyright mathematicians have to deal with every day.
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κΈ°λ§‰νžˆκ²Œ μ΄ν•΄ν•˜κΈ° νž˜λ“  ν†΅κ³„λ“€μ˜ ν•˜λ‚˜μ— λΆˆκ³Όν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:26
And some people think that string theory is tough.
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κ·ΈλŸ°λ°λ„ μ–΄λ–€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 끈 이둠이 μ–΄λ ΅λ‹€κ³  ν•˜μ£ .
03:29
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
03:31
Now this is a key number from the copyright mathematicians' toolkit.
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자, 이건 μ €μž‘κΆŒ μˆ˜ν•™μžμ˜ λ„κ΅¬μƒμžμ— μžˆλŠ” μ£Όμš”ν•œ λ„κ΅¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:34
It's the precise amount of harm
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이건 μ €μž‘κΆŒμ΄ μžˆλŠ”
03:36
that comes to media companies
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λ…Έλž˜λ‚˜ μ˜ν™”κ°€ λΆˆλ²•λ³΅μ œλ λ•Œ λ§ˆλ‹€
03:38
whenever a single copyrighted song or movie
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λ―Έλ””μ–΄ νšŒμ‚¬λ“€μ—κ²Œ λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ”
03:40
gets pirated.
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μ •ν™•ν•œ μ†ν•΄μ•‘μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:42
Hollywood and Congress derived this number mathematically
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이것은 ν—λ¦¬μš°λ“œμ™€ λ―Έκ΅­ μ˜νšŒκ°€ μ €μž‘κΆŒ μΉ¨ν•΄λ‘œ
03:45
back when they last sat down to improve copyright damages
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λ°œμƒν•˜λŠ” 손해λ₯Ό 쀄이기 μœ„ν•΄ μ €μž‘κΆŒ 법을 μ œμ •ν–ˆλ˜
03:48
and made this law.
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λ‹Ήμ‹œμ— μˆ˜ν•™μ μœΌλ‘œ μ‚°μΆœν•œ κΈˆμ•‘μ΄μ£ .
03:50
Some people think this number's a little bit large,
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μ–΄λ–€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 이 κΈˆμ•‘μ΄ μ•½κ°„ 크닀고
03:52
but copyright mathematicians who are media lobby experts
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생각할지 λͺ¨λ₯΄μ§€λ§Œ λ―Έλ””μ–΄ λ‘œλΉ„ 전문가인 μ €μž‘κΆŒ μˆ˜ν•™μžλ“€μ€
03:55
are merely surprised
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이 κΈˆμ•‘μ— 맀년 μΈν”Œλ ˆμ΄μ…˜μ΄
03:57
that it doesn't get compounded for inflation every year.
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μ μš©λ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€λŠ” 것에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œ λ†€λž„λΏμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:00
Now when this law first passed,
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이 법λ₯ μ΄ 처음 ν†΅κ³Όλ˜μ—ˆμ„λ•Œ
04:02
the world's hottest MP3 player could hold just 10 songs.
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제일 쒋은 MP3 ν”Œλ ˆμ΄μ–΄λŠ” λ…Έλž˜λ₯Ό 10개만 μ €μž₯ν•  수
04:05
And it was a big Christmas hit.
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μžˆμ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ 크리슀마슀 μ„ λ¬Όλ‘œ 큰 히트λ₯Ό μ³€μ£ .
04:07
Because what little hoodlum wouldn't want
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150λ§ŒλΆˆμ— μƒλ‹Ήν•˜λŠ” μž₯물을 μ£Όλ¨Έλ‹ˆμ— λ„£κ³ 
04:09
a million and a half bucks-worth of stolen goods in his pocket.
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λ‹€λ‹ˆλŠ”κ±Έ μ‹«λ‹€κ³  ν•  λ„λ‘‘λ†ˆλ“€μ΄ μ–΄λ”” μžˆκ² μ–΄μš”?
04:11
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
04:14
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
04:19
These days an iPod Classic can hold 40,000 songs,
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μš”μ¦˜ λ‚˜μ˜€λŠ” iPod ν΄λΌμ‹μ—λŠ” 4만개의 λ…Έλž˜λ₯Ό
04:22
which is to say eight billion dollars-worth
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μ €μž₯ν•  수 μžˆμœΌλ‹ˆκΉŒ κ·Έκ±Έ 돈으둜 치면 80μ–΅
04:25
of stolen media.
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λ‹¬λŸ¬μ— ν•΄λ‹Ήλ˜λŠ” λ―Έλ””μ–΄ μž₯λ¬Όμ΄λ‚˜
04:27
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
04:29
Or about 75,000 jobs.
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7만5천개의 μΌμžλ¦¬μ— ν•΄λ‹Ήν•˜μ£ .
04:31
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
04:33
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
04:38
Now you might find copyright math strange,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ μ €μž‘κΆŒ μˆ˜ν•™μ΄ μ•½κ°„ μ΄μƒν•˜λ‹€κ³ 
04:41
but that's because it's a field
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μƒκ°ν•˜μ‹€ 지 λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² μ§€λ§Œ κ·Έ μ΄μœ λŠ”
04:43
that's best left to experts.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μ „λ¬Έκ°€κ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
04:45
So that's it for now.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 이 강연은 μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ λ§ˆμΉ˜μ§€λ§Œ
04:47
I hope you'll join me next time
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λ‹€μŒμ— μ œκ°€ μ™Έκ³„μΈλ“€μ˜ μŒμ•… λ¬΄λ‹¨λ³΅μ œκ°€
04:49
when I will be making an equally scientific and fact-based inquiry
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λ―Έκ΅­ κ²½μ œμ— λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 손해에 λŒ€ν•΄ λ˜‘κ°™μ΄ 과학적이고
04:52
into the cost of alien music piracy to he American economy.
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사싀에 μ˜κ±°ν•œ 쑰사λ₯Ό ν• λ•Œλ„ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ 참석해 μ£Όμ‹œκΈ° λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:55
Thank you very much.
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λŒ€λ‹¨νžˆ κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:57
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
04:59
Thank you.
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:01
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)

Original video on YouTube.com
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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