How can we control the coronavirus pandemic? | Adam Kucharski

Reviewer: Qomariah Najmi

[Bagaimana cara mengontrol pandemi virus corona?]

[Dari ahli penyakit menular Adam Kucharski]

[Pertanyaan 1: Apa arti dari “pembatasan” saat membicarakan wabah?]

Pembatasan adalah ketika Anda memusatkan usaha untuk sangat mengontrol

[How can we control the coronavirus pandemic?]

tiap kasus dan kontaknya.

[From infectious disease expert Adam Kucharski]

Jadi Anda tidak menganggu populasi luas,

saat ada kasus yang masuk, Anda mengisolasinya,

[Question 1: What does containment mean when it comes to outbreaks?]

Anda mencari tahu siapa saja mereka berhubungan,

Containment is this idea that you can focus your effort on control

siapa saja yang berpotensi terpapar,

very much on the cases and their contacts.

kemudian Anda bisa mengikuti orang-orang itu,

So you're not causing disruption to the wider population,

mungkin mengkarantinanya, memastikan tidak ada penularan lebih lanjut.

you have a case that comes in, you isolate them,

Sehingga ini adalah metode yang sangat fokus, terpusat

you work out who they've come into contact with,

who's potentially these opportunities for exposure

dan telah berjalan baik untuk SARS.

Tapi menurut saya, untuk infeksi ini,

and then you can follow up those people,

karena beberapa kasus akan terlewat, atau tidak terdeteksi,

maybe quarantine them, to make sure that no further transmission happens.

Anda akan sangat menemukan banyak orang yang beresiko tertular.

So it's a very focused, targeted method,

Jika beberapa orang lolos,

and for SARS, it worked remarkably well.

wabah sangat mungkin terjadi.

But I think for this infection,

[Pertanyaan 2 : Jika pembatasan tidak cukup, bagaimana selanjutnya?]

because some cases are going to be missed, or undetected,

Dalam hal itu,

you've really got to be capturing a large chunk of people at risk.

harus ada perubahan besar dalam interaksi sosial kita.

Itulah yang dibutuhkan,

If a few slip through the net,

potentially, you're going to get an outbreak.

untuk mengurangi penyebaran virus,

[Question 2: If containment isn't enough, what comes next?]

melalui kontak langsung,

semua orang dalam populasi, rata-rata,

In that respect,

it would be about massive changes in our social interactions.

perlu mengurangi interaksi sosial

sejumlah 2/3 kali.

And so that would require,

of the opportunities that could spread the virus

Hal ini bisa dilakukan dengan bekerja dari rumah,

so these kind of close contacts,

mengubah gaya hidup,

everybody in the population, on average,

dan berpikir ulang ketika keluar ke tempat ramai dan restoran.

will be needing to reduce those interactions

Tentunya, tindakan ini, seperti penutupan sekolah

potentially by two-thirds to bring it under control.

dan hal lainnya berupaya untuk mengurangi

That might be through working from home,

percampuran sosial di masyarakat.

from changing lifestyle

[Pertanyaan 3: Apa saja risiko yang perlu orang-orang ketahui?]

and kind of where you go in crowded places and dinners.

Bukan hanya siapa yang Anda salami,

And of course, these measures, things like school closures,

tapi siapa lagi yang orang itu salami.

and other things that just attempt to reduce

Lalu kita perlu berpikir tentang langkah selanjutnya,

the social mixing of a population.

bahwa mungkin Anda kira Anda beresiko rendah

[Question 3: What are the risks that we need people to think about?]

dan termasuk kelompok usia muda,

tapi Anda akan seringkali berada sangat dekat

It's not just whose hand you shake,

it's whose hand that person goes on to shake.

dengan orang yang terdampak besar oleh penyakit ini.

And I think we need to think about these second-degree steps,

Dan Saya pikir kita harus punya kesadaran sosial

that you might think you have low risk

dan ini bisa menjadi perubahan perilaku yang dramatis,

and you're in a younger group,

but you're often going to be a very short step away

tapi ini perlu dilakukan

untuk mengurangi dampak yang mungkin kita hadapi.

from someone who is going to get hit very hard by this.

[Pertanyaan 4: Seberapa jauh jarak aman dari orang lain?]

And I think we really need to be socially minded

and think this could be quite dramatic in terms of change of behavior,

Sulit diketahui pasti,

tapi saya pikir hal yang perlu diingat bahwa tidak ada banyak bukti

but it needs to be

kalau jenis erosol ini menyebar sangat jauh --

to reduce the impact that we're potentially facing.

biasanya relatif dalam jarak dekat.

[Question 4: How far apart should people stay from each other?]

Saya tidak berpikir bahwa

jika Anda duduk beberapa meter dari orang lain,

I think it's hard to pin down exactly,

but I think one thing to bear in mind is that there's not so much evidence

dan virus ini akan menyebar.

Ini tentang interaksi yang lebih dekat,

that this is a kind of aerosol and it goes really far --

inilah mengapa kita melihat banyak penularan

it's reasonably short distances.

I don't think it's the case

terjadi saat makan bersama atau kumpul-kumpul berdekatan.

that you're sitting a few meters away from someone

Karena jika Anda bayangkan,

and the virus is somehow going to get across.

di sanalah Anda akan terserang virus:

It's in closer interactions,

pada permukaan benda, pada tangan, pada wajah,

and it's why we're seeing so many transmission events

dan ini benar-benar situasi yang harus kita pikirkan.

occur in things like meals and really tight-knit groups.

[Pertanyaan 5: Perlindungan seperti apa

Because if you imagine

yang harus diterapkan negara?]

that's where you can get a virus out and onto surfaces

Menurut saya, inilah yang dipikirkan semua orang,

and onto hands and onto faces,

pertama: apa yang dilakukan.

and it's really situations like that we've got to think more about.

Baru dalam beberapa minggu lalu,

[Question 5: What kind of protective measures

kita menyadari bahwa penyakit ini bisa dikontrol

should countries put in place?]

dengan intervensi ini,

I think that's what people are trying to piece together,

tapi tidak semua negara bisa melakukan apa yang Cina lakukan,

first in terms of what works.

beberapa tindakan ini

It's only really in the last sort of few weeks

mengakibatkan beban sosial, ekonomi, dan psikologis

we've got a sense that this thing can be controllable

pada masyarakat.

Dan tentu saja, ada batasan waktu.

with this extent of interventions,

Di Cina, mereka bertahan selama 6 minggu,

but of course, not all countries can do what China have done,

tapi ini sangat sulit,

jadi kita perlu mempertimbangkan ini,

some of these measures

incur a huge social, economic, psychological burden

dari apa yang kita minta untuk masyarakat lakukan,

on populations.

adalah hal yang paling membantu untuk mengurangi beban pada sistem.

And of course, there's the time limit.

[Untuk mengetahui lebih lanjut,

In China, they've had them in for six weeks,

kunjungi: Pusat Pengendalian dan Pencegahan Penyakit]

it's tough to maintain that,

so we need to think of these tradeoffs

of all the things we can ask people to do,

what's going to have the most impact on actually reducing the burden.

[To learn more, visit: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]

[World Health Organization]