How autism freed me to be myself | Rosie King

814,514 views ・ 2014-11-21

TED


請雙擊下方英文字幕播放視頻。

譯者: Rocky LIANG 審譯者: Li Li
00:12
I haven't told many people this,
0
12738
1698
我還沒有告訴很多人一件事,
00:14
but in my head, I've got
1
14436
2396
在我的腦海中,
00:16
thousands of secret worlds all going on
2
16832
2137
會有成千上萬的秘密詞語,
00:18
all at the same time.
3
18969
2301
在同一時間湧出。
00:21
I am also autistic.
4
21270
2333
我是一名自閉症患者。
00:23
People tend to diagnose autism
5
23603
1946
人們一般在診斷自閉症時,
00:25
with really specific check-box descriptions,
6
25549
3319
都會有很詳細的描述。
00:28
but in reality, it's a whole variation as to what we're like.
7
28868
3048
但是現實是,每個自閉症患者 都會有完全不同的情況。
00:31
For instance, my little brother,
8
31916
1733
舉個例子,我的弟弟,
00:33
he's very severely autistic.
9
33649
1777
他是一名嚴重的自閉症患者。
00:35
He's nonverbal. He can't talk at all.
10
35426
2262
他不能使用語言,他不能說話。
00:37
But I love to talk.
11
37688
2492
但是我卻喜歡說話。
00:40
People often associate autism
12
40180
3303
人們經常把自閉症
00:43
with liking maths and science and nothing else,
13
43483
2673
和只喜歡數學、科學聯想在一起。
00:46
but I know so many autistic people
14
46156
1799
但是我知道很多自閉症患者,
00:47
who love being creative.
15
47955
2373
他們都喜歡創新。
00:50
But that is a stereotype,
16
50328
2442
但那只是刻板印象,
00:52
and the stereotypes of things
17
52770
1856
而所謂的刻板印象
00:54
are often, if not always, wrong.
18
54626
3262
大多時候都是錯誤的。
00:57
For instance, a lot of people
19
57888
2418
舉個例子,很多人
01:00
think autism and think "Rain Man" immediately.
20
60306
4253
聽到自閉症時, 會立刻聯想到電影《雨人》。
01:04
That's the common belief,
21
64559
1492
大家都認為
01:06
that every single autistic person is Dustin Hoffman,
22
66051
3295
每一個自閉症患者都是 電影裡的「達斯汀·霍夫曼」,
01:09
and that's not true.
23
69346
3003
但這不是真的。
01:12
But that's not just with autistic people, either.
24
72349
2801
而且也不是只對自閉症患者,
01:15
I've seen it with LGBTQ people,
25
75150
2340
對 LGBTQ(男、女同性戀、雙性戀、 跨性別和對性別有疑問)也這樣,
01:17
with women, with POC people.
26
77490
2420
對女人、有色人種也有刻板印象。
01:19
People are so afraid of variety
27
79910
2518
人們很害怕不同類型的人,
01:22
that they try to fit everything into a tiny little box
28
82428
2801
所以只想把任何東西 放在一個「小盒子」裡,
01:25
with really specific labels.
29
85229
2295
再把這個小盒子上貼上特定的標籤。
01:27
This is something that actually
30
87524
1631
這其實是現實中
01:29
happened to me in real life:
31
89155
2678
發生在我身上的
01:31
I googled "autistic people are ..."
32
91833
2688
我谷歌了一下:「自閉症患者是...」
01:34
and it comes up with suggestions
33
94521
2103
然後出現了很多建議
01:36
as to what you're going to type.
34
96624
2025
猜測你接下來要打什麼字。
01:38
I googled "autistic people are ..."
35
98649
1755
我查了查,
01:40
and the top result was "demons."
36
100404
3213
第一條出現的是「惡魔」,
01:43
That is the first thing that people think
37
103617
2258
那是人們每當想起自閉症患者,
01:45
when they think autism.
38
105875
2004
第一個想到的事。
01:47
They know.
39
107879
1906
他們知道。
01:49
(Laughter)
40
109785
3209
(笑聲)
01:56
One of the things I can do because I'm autistic —
41
116604
2597
身為自閉者,我可以做的其中一件事,
01:59
it's an ability rather than a disability —
42
119201
2441
因為自閉是能力而非殘疾,
02:01
is I've got a very, very vivid imagination.
43
121642
3535
我有很生動的想像力,
02:05
Let me explain it to you a bit.
44
125177
1673
讓我來解釋一下。
02:06
It's like I'm walking in two worlds most of the time.
45
126850
2250
就像我經常走在兩個世界
02:09
There's the real world, the world that we all share,
46
129100
2534
一個是真正的世界,我們共享的世界。
02:11
and there's the world in my mind,
47
131634
1980
還有一個就是我腦海中的世界,
02:13
and the world in my mind is often so much more real
48
133614
3037
而我腦海中的世界比真正的世界
02:16
than the real world.
49
136651
2487
要更加現實。
02:19
Like, it's very easy for me to let my mind loose
50
139138
3371
就像,我很容易就能放鬆我的大腦,
02:22
because I don't try and fit myself into a tiny little box.
51
142509
2871
因為我從來不把 我自己逼到那個小盒子裡。
02:25
That's one of the best things about being autistic.
52
145380
2239
那是身為自閉症患者最好的一件事。
02:27
You don't have the urge to do that.
53
147619
1969
你不需要敦促自己這麼做。
02:29
You find what you want to do,
54
149588
2768
你會找到你想做的,
02:32
you find a way to do it, and you get on with it.
55
152356
2784
然後找到一個方法去實現它。
02:35
If I was trying to fit myself into a box,
56
155140
2153
如果我把自己逼到那個「盒子」裡,
02:37
I wouldn't be here, I wouldn't have achieved
57
157293
2152
我就不會在這裡,我也不會成就
02:39
half the things that I have now.
58
159445
2150
我現在擁有的一半。
02:41
There are problems, though.
59
161595
1776
但是還是有很多問題。
02:43
There are problems with being autistic,
60
163371
2165
身為自閉症患者所產生的問題。
02:45
and there are problems with having too much imagination.
61
165536
2720
有很多人的想像力過度豐富了。
02:48
School can be a problem in general,
62
168256
2203
學校雖然也是一個問題,
02:50
but having also to explain to a teacher
63
170459
4031
但是自閉症患者要每天
02:54
on a daily basis
64
174490
2182
跟老師解釋,
02:56
that their lesson is inexplicably dull
65
176672
3645
他們的課堂是莫名的無聊,
03:00
and you are secretly taking refuge
66
180317
2621
他們的注意力一般不在課堂
03:02
in a world inside your head in which you are not in that lesson,
67
182938
3962
而在自己的世界裡秘密避難,
03:06
that adds to your list of problems.
68
186900
3496
也成為了一個大問題。
03:10
(Laughter)
69
190396
1868
(笑聲)
03:12
Also, when my imagination takes hold,
70
192264
4420
還有,當我的想像力控制住了我,
03:16
my body takes on a life of its own.
71
196684
1834
我的身體就沒有主人了。
03:18
When something very exciting happens in my inner world,
72
198518
2958
當一些很激動人心的事情 發生我在的內部世界時,
03:21
I've just got to run.
73
201476
1504
我就開始跑,
03:22
I've got to rock backwards and forwards,
74
202980
1916
我就前後不停地晃,
03:24
or sometimes scream.
75
204896
1788
或者甚至尖叫,
03:26
This gives me so much energy,
76
206684
2250
這樣可以給我很大的力量。
03:28
and I've got to have an outlet for all that energy.
77
208934
2621
但我也需要一個地方去釋放那些能量。
03:31
But I've done that ever since I was a child,
78
211555
2104
我從小就這樣,
03:33
ever since I was a tiny little girl.
79
213659
1718
從我是個小女孩開始。
03:35
And my parents thought it was cute, so they didn't bring it up,
80
215377
2869
我的父母認為這樣很可愛, 所以他們什麼也沒說。
03:38
but when I got into school,
81
218246
1618
但是當我上學之後,
03:39
they didn't really agree that it was cute.
82
219864
2301
他們不認為這樣是可愛。
03:42
It can be that people don't want to be friends
83
222165
2665
他們不想和一個在代數課上
03:44
with the girl that starts screaming in an algebra lesson.
84
224830
2977
突然尖叫的女孩做朋友。
03:47
And this doesn't normally happen in this day and age,
85
227807
3906
但是現在都不經常發生了,
03:51
but it can be that people don't want to be friends with the autistic girl.
86
231713
3577
但是還會有人不想 和一個自閉症女孩做朋友,
03:55
It can be that people don't want to associate
87
235290
3282
不想和一個不能把自己裝進
03:58
with anyone who won't or can't fit themselves
88
238572
2764
那個貼著「正常」標籤小盒子裡的人
04:01
into a box that's labeled normal.
89
241336
2970
做朋友。
04:04
But that's fine with me,
90
244306
2166
但是對我來說都沒關係,
04:06
because it sorts the wheat from the chaff,
91
246472
2134
因為物以類聚嘛,
04:08
and I can find which people are genuine and true
92
248606
2767
所以我能找到那些對我真誠的人,
04:11
and I can pick these people as my friends.
93
251373
2556
然後和那些人交朋友。
04:13
But if you think about it, what is normal?
94
253929
3420
但是當你想一想,什麼是正常?
04:17
What does it mean?
95
257349
1811
正常的意思是什麼?
04:19
Imagine if that was the best compliment you ever received.
96
259160
2780
想像一下,如果你收到最好的表揚是:
04:21
"Wow, you are really normal."
97
261940
2281
「哇,你真的很正常。」
04:24
(Laughter)
98
264221
1385
(笑聲)
04:25
But compliments are,
99
265606
3404
但是真正的表揚是
04:29
"you are extraordinary"
100
269010
1408
「你真的很非凡」,
04:30
or "you step outside the box."
101
270418
1834
或者「你突破了常規」,
04:32
It's "you're amazing."
102
272252
1721
「你真的很驚人」。
04:33
So if people want to be these things,
103
273973
1890
所以如果人們想成為這樣的人,
04:35
why are so many people striving to be normal?
104
275863
2508
為什麼他們還在努力成為正常的人?
04:38
Why are people pouring their brilliant individual light into a mold?
105
278371
5014
為什麼人們要把自己的 個人才華倒入一個模具中?
04:43
People are so afraid of variety that they try and force everyone,
106
283385
4755
人們很害怕各種不同的人, 所以他們嘗試逼迫一些
04:48
even people who don't want to or can't, to become normal.
107
288140
3718
不能或不想成為正常人的人去變正常。
04:51
There are camps for LGBTQ people
108
291858
2839
有很多 LGBTQ 的人或者自閉症患者
04:54
or autistic people to try and make them this "normal,"
109
294697
3476
都嘗試把自己變正常。
04:58
and that's terrifying that people would do that in this day and age.
110
298173
4525
而這才是讓人害怕的。
05:02
All in all, I wouldn't trade my autism and my imagination for the world.
111
302698
4607
總之,我不會和任何人 交易我的想像力和自閉症。
05:07
Because I am autistic,
112
307305
1990
正是因為我的自閉症,
05:09
I've presented documentaries to the BBC,
113
309295
2992
我出現在英國廣播電視台的紀錄片裡,
05:12
I'm in the midst of writing a book,
114
312287
2239
我也正在寫一本書。
05:14
I'm doing this — this is fantastic —
115
314526
2148
我在做這些很奇妙的事情,
05:16
and one of the best things that I've achieved,
116
316674
3251
然而這中間最好的一件事,
05:19
that I consider to have achieved,
117
319925
2585
就是當我想到我成就了什麼,
05:22
is I've found ways of communicating
118
322510
1982
就是我找到了可以和我弟弟妹妹
05:24
with my little brother and sister,
119
324492
1845
溝通的方法。
05:26
who as I've said are nonverbal. They can't speak.
120
326337
3363
而就像我剛才說的, 他們沒有說話的能力。
05:29
And people would often write off someone who's nonverbal,
121
329700
2860
但是很多人都放棄了 那些沒有語言溝通能力的人。
05:32
but that's silly, because my little brother and sister
122
332560
2734
這樣很愚蠢, 因為我的弟弟和妹妹
05:35
are the best siblings that you could ever hope for.
123
335294
2693
是你能想到最棒的兄弟姊妹。
05:37
They're just the best, and I love them so much
124
337987
2287
他們是最棒的, 我也很愛他們,
05:40
and I care about them more than anything else.
125
340274
3555
我世界上最在乎的就是他們。
05:43
I'm going to leave you with one question:
126
343829
2678
我要給你們留下一個問題:
05:46
If we can't get inside the person's minds,
127
346507
3137
如果你無法了解到一個人在想什麼,
05:49
no matter if they're autistic or not,
128
349644
2093
無論是不是自閉症患者,
05:51
instead of punishing anything that strays from normal,
129
351737
3037
不要懲罰一切不正常的東西,
05:54
why not celebrate uniqueness
130
354774
1755
何不慶祝他們的獨一無二?
05:56
and cheer every time someone unleashes their imagination?
131
356529
4061
何不為他們每一次綻放想像力而歡呼?
06:00
Thank you.
132
360590
1576
謝謝
06:02
(Applause)
133
362166
5180
(歡呼)
關於本網站

本網站將向您介紹對學習英語有用的 YouTube 視頻。 您將看到來自世界各地的一流教師教授的英語課程。 雙擊每個視頻頁面上顯示的英文字幕,從那裡播放視頻。 字幕與視頻播放同步滾動。 如果您有任何意見或要求,請使用此聯繫表與我們聯繫。

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7