The art of misdirection | Apollo Robbins | TED

Prevodilac: Miloš Milosavljević Lektor: Mile Živković

Do you think it's possible to control someone's attention?

Mislite li da je moguće kontrolisati nečiju pažnju?

Even more than that, what about predicting human behavior?

I više od toga,

šta je sa predviđanjem ljudskog ponašanja?

I think those are interesting ideas.

Mislim da su to interesantne ideje, ako je moguće.

For me, that would be the perfect superpower,

Za mene bi to bila savršena super-moć,

actually kind of an evil way of approaching it.

u stvari zao pristup tome.

But for myself, in the past, I've spent the last 20 years

Ali što se mene tiče, ja sam proveo poslednjih 20 godina

studying human behavior from a rather unorthodox way:

proučavajući ljudsko ponašanje na vrlo neuobičajen način, a to je:

picking pockets.

džepareći.

When we think of misdirection,

Kad razmišljamo o navođenju na pogrešan trag,

we think of something as looking off to the side,

mislimo o nečemu kao što je skretanje pogleda na stranu

when actually the things right in front of us

dok su zapravo stvari koje su tu ispred nas

are often the hardest to see,

the things that you look at every day that you're blinded to.

one koje je najteže videti,

stvari koje gledate svakog dana i koje ne primećujete.

For example, how many of you still have your cell phones on you right now?

Na primer, koliko vas još uvek ima mobilni telefon

kod sebe?

Great. Double-check.

Odlično. Proverite.

Make sure you still have them.

Da budete sigurni da ih još uvek imate.

I was doing some shopping before.

Bio sam u kupovini pre ovoga.

(Laughter)

You've looked at them a few times today,

Iako ste ih pogledali verovatno nekoliko puta danas,

but I'll ask you a question.

postaviću vam jedno pitanje u vezi sa njima.

Without looking at it directly yet,

Bez gledanja direktno, još uvek, u vaš mobilni telefon,

can you remember the icon in the bottom right corner?

možete li da se setite ikonice u donjem desnom uglu?

Bring them out, check and see how accurate you were.

Izvadite ih, proverite i vidite da li ste pogodili.

How'd you do?

Kako ste prošli? Podignite ruke. Jeste li pogodili?

Show of hands. Did we get it?

Sada kada ste pogledali, zatvorite ih,

Now that you're done, close them down.

Every phone has something in common.

jer svi mobilni telefoni imaju nešto zajedničko.

No matter how you organize the icons,

Bez obzira kako organizujete ikonice,

you still have a clock on the front.

još uvek imate sat na početnom ekranu.

So, without looking at your phone, what time was it?

Pa, bez gledanja u telefon, koliko je bilo sati?

You just looked at your clock, right?

Upravo ste pogledali na sat, zar ne?

Interesting idea.

To je interesantna ideja.

Let's take that a step further with a game of trust.

Sada ću vas zamoliti da odemo korak dalje u igri poverenja.

Close your eyes.

Zažmurite.

I realize I'm asking you to do that while you just heard

Znam da tražim od vas da to uradite iako ste upravo čuli

there's a pickpocket in the room, but close your eyes.

da se džeparoš nalazi u prostoriji, ali zažmurite.

Now, you've been watching me for about 30 seconds.

Sada, gledali ste me oko 30 sekundi.

Sa zatvorenim očima, kako sam obučen?

With your eyes closed, what am I wearing?

Make your best guess.

Potrudite se da pogodite.

What color is my shirt? What color is my tie?

Koje boje je moja košulja? Koje boje je moja kravata?

Now open your eyes.

Sad otvorite oči.

Show of hands, were you right?

Ko je bio u pravu neka podigne ruku.

Interesting, isn't it?

Zanimljivo je, zar ne?

Some of us are a little bit more perceptive than others, it seems.

Neki od nas malo bolje zapažaju od drugih. Tako izgleda.

Ali ja imam drugačiju teoriju o tom modelu pažnje.

But I have a different theory about that model of attention.

Postoje moderne teorije pažnje, Poznerov trojni model.

They have fancy models of attention, Posner's trinity model of attention.

For me, I like to think of it very simple, like a surveillance system.

Ja volim da to posmatram jednostavno, kao sistem za nadgledanje.

It's kind of like you have all these fancy sensors,

To je kao da imate sve te moderne senzore,

and inside your brain is a little security guard.

a u vašem mozgu je mali radnik obezbeđenja.

For me, I like to call him Frank.

Ja volim da ga zovem Frenk.

So Frank is sitting at a desk.

Frenk sedi za stolom.

He's got lots of cool information in front of him,

Ima sve vrste dobrih informacija pred sobom,

high-tech equipment, he's got cameras,

visoko tehnološku opremu, kamere,

he's got a little phone that he can pick up, listen to the ears,

mali telefon na koji može da se javi, da čuje uši,

all these senses, all these perceptions.

sva ta čula, sva ta opažanja.

But attention is what steers your perceptions,

Ali pažnja je ono što upravlja vašim opažajima

it's what controls your reality.

i kontroliše vašu realnost.

It's the gateway to the mind.

Ona je ulazna kapija u um.

If you don't attend to something, you can't be aware of it.

Ako ne obratite pažnju na nešto, ne možete biti svesni toga.

But ironically, you can attend to something without being aware of it.

Ali ironično, možete obratiti pažnju na nešto,

a da ne budete svesni toga.

For example, the cocktail effect:

Zbog toga postoji efekat koktela:

You're in a party, having conversations with someone,

kad ste na žurci, razgovarate s nekim

a ipak možete da prepoznate svoje ime,

and yet you can recognize your name

without realizing you were listening to that.

a da niste uopšte svesni da ste to slušali.

Now, for my job, I have to play with techniques to exploit this,

U mom poslu moram da se igram tehnikama da iskoristim ovo,

da se igram sa vašom pažnjom kao ograničenim resursom.

to play with your attention as a limited resource.

So if I could control how you spend your attention,

Ako bih mogao da kontrolišem kako koristite vašu pažnju,

if I could maybe steal your attention through a distraction.

ako bih mogao da ukradem vašu pažnju kroz njeno odvlačenje.

Now, instead of doing it like misdirection

Umesto da je pogrešno usmeravam

and throwing it off to the side,

i odvlačim na stranu,

instead, what I choose to focus on is Frank,

ja biram da se fokusiram na Frenka,

to be able to play with the Frank inside your head,

da bih mogao da se igram sa Frenkom u vašoj glavi,

your security guard,

s vašim malim radnikom obezbeđenja

and get you, instead of focusing on your external senses,

i nateram vas da se fokusirate na sekund na svoja unutrašnja čula

just to go internal for a second.

umesto na spoljašnja.

So if I ask you to access a memory, like, what is that?

I ako vas pitam da pristupite sećanju kao na primer pitanjima: šta je to?

What just happened? Do you have a wallet?

Šta se desilo? Imate li novčanik?

Do you have an American Express in your wallet?

Da li imate Amerikan ekspres karticu u novčaniku?

And when I do that, your Frank turns around.

Kad to uradim, vaš Frenk se okreće.

He accesses the file. He has to rewind the tape.

Pristupa podacima. Mora da vrati traku.

What's interesting is, he can't rewind the tape

I ono što je interesantno je da on ne može da vrati traku

at the same time that he's trying to process new data.

u isto vreme dok pokušava da obradi nove podatke.

This sounds like a good theory,

Ovo zvuči kao dobra teorija

but I could talk for a long time, tell you lots of things,

ali mogu da pričam dugo i da vam kažem puno stvari

and a portion of them may be true,

i one mogu da budu tačne, deo njih,

but I think it's better if I tried to show that to you here live.

ali mislim da je bolje ako probam da vam to pokažem ovde uživo.

If I come down, I'm going to do a bit of shopping.

Kad siđem malo ću da krenem u šoping.

Just hold still where you are.

Ostanite gde ste.

Hello, how are you? It's lovely to see you.

Zdravo, kako si? Lepo je videti te.

Wonderful job onstage.

Bila si odlična na bini.

Lovely watch, it doesn't come off very well.

Imaš divan sat koji se ne skida tako lako.

Do you have a ring as well?

Je l' imaš i prsten?

Good. Just taking inventory. You're like a buffet.

Dobro. Samo pravim popis. Ti si kao švedski sto.

Hard to tell where to start, so many great things.

Teško je odlučiti gde da počneš, ima toliko dobrih stvari.

Hi, how are you? Good to see you.

Zdavo kako si? Drago mi je da te vidim.

Hi, sir, could you stand up, please? Just right where you are.

Dobar dan gospodine, možete li da ustanete molim vas? Tu gde ste.

You're married, you follow directions well.

Oh, oženjeni ste. Pratite dobro uputstva.

Nice to meet you, sir.

You don't have a lot in your pockets. Anything down here?

Drago mi je da smo se upoznali, gospodine.

Nemate puno toga u džepovima. Nešto u ovom džepu ovde?

Hopefully so. Have a seat. There you go. You're doing well.

Nadam se. Sedite. Odlično.

Dobar dan gospodine, kako ste?

Hi, sir, how are you?

Good to see you, sir. You have a ring, a watch.

Drago mi je da vas vidim. Imate prsten, sat.

Do you have a wallet on you? Joe: I don't.

Imate li novčanik? Džo: Nemam.

AR: Well, we'll find one for you. Come on up this way, Joe.

Apolo Robins: Dobro, naći ćemo vam neki.

Pođite ovuda, Džo.

Give Joe a round of applause. Come on up, Joe. Let's play a game.

Dajte Džou aplauz.

Dođite gore Džo. Hajde da igramo igru.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

AR: Pardon me.

Pardon.

I don't think I need this clicker anymore.

Mislim da mi ne treba više ovaj daljinski. Možete ga uzeti.

Thank you very much. I appreciate that.

Hvala puno.

Come on up to the stage, Joe. Let's play a little game now.

Dođite na binu Džo. Hajde da igramo malu igru sada.

Anything in your front pockets?

Jel' imate nešto u prednjim džepovima?

J: Money.

AR: Money! All right, let's try that.

AR: Pare. Dobro, hajde da probamo to.

Can you stand right over this way for me?

Možete li da stanete ovde?

Turn around and, let's see,

Okrenite se i da vidimo,

if I give you something that belongs to me,

ako vam dam nešto što je moje,

this is just something I have,

to je samo nešto što imam, žeton za poker.

a poker chip.

Hold out your hand for me.

Ispružite ruku. Gledajte dobro.

Watch it closely.

Zadatak vam je da se fokusirate na to.

This is a task for you to focus on.

You have your money in your front pocket?

Imate li pare u prednjem džepu ovde? Džo: Da.

J: Yup. AR: Good.

I won't put my hand in your pocket. I'm not ready for that kind of commitment.

AR: Dobro. Neću da stavim ruku u vaš džep.

Nisam spreman na tu vrstu obaveze.

Once a guy had a hole in his pocket,

Jednom je tip imao rupu u džepu

i to je bilo vrlo traumatično za mene.

and that was rather traumatizing for me.

Tražio sam njegov novčanik, a on mi je dao svoj broj telefona.

I wanted his wallet, he gave me his number.

Big miscommunication.

To je bio veliki nesporazum.

(Laughter)

Let's do this simply. Squeeze your hand tight.

Hajde da uradimo ovo jednostavno. Stisnite šaku.

Do you feel the poker chip in your hand?

Stisnite je dobro. Da li osećate žeton u ruci?

J: I do.

Džo: Osećam.

AR: Would you be surprised if I took it? Say yes.

AR: Je l' biste bili iznenađeni kad bih vam ga uzeo iz ruke? Kažite "da".

J: Very. AR: Good.

Open your hand. Thank you very much.

Džo: Veoma. AR: Odlično.

Otvorite ruku. Hvala vam puno.

I'll cheat if you give me a chance.

Make it harder for me. Just use your hand.

Varaću ako mi pružite priliku.

Otežajte mi. Samo koristite ruku.

Grab my wrist, but squeeze, squeeze firm.

Uhvatite moj zglob, ali ga stisnite jako.

Did you see it go? Joe: No.

Jeste li videli da je nestao?

Džo: Ne. AR: Ne, nije ovde. Otvorite ruku.

AR: No, it's not here. Open your hand.

While we're focused on the hand, it's sitting on your shoulder.

Vidite, dok smo fokusirani na ruku

on se nalazi na vašem ramenu.

Uzmite ga.

Go ahead and take it off.

Now, let's try that again.

Hajde da probamo ponovo.

Hold your hand out flat. Open it up.

Ispružite ruku. Otvorite je skroz.

Put your hand up a little bit higher, but watch it close.

Stavite ruku malo više, ali pazite dobro, Džo.

If I did it slowly, it'd be on your shoulder.

Vidite, da sam to uradio sporo, opet bi bio na vašem ramenu.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Joe, we're going to keep doing this till you catch it.

Džo, nastavićemo da radimo ovo dok ne shvatite.

Shvatićete na kraju. Verujem u vas.

You'll get it eventually. I have faith in you.

Stisnite jako. Čovek ste, niste glupi.

Squeeze firm. You're human, you're not slow.

It's back on your shoulder.

Opet je na vašem ramenu.

You were focused on your hand, distracted.

Bili ste fokusirani na vašu ruku. Zato vam je bila odvučena pažnja.

While you were watching, I couldn't get your watch off.

Dok ste gledali ovo, nisam baš mogao da vam skinem sat. Bilo je teško.

Yet you had something inside your pocket.

Do you remember what it was?

Ipak ste imali nešto u prednjem džepu.

Da li se sećate šta je to bilo?

J: Money.

AR: Check your pocket. Is it still there?

Džo: Pare.

AR: Proverite džepove. Da li su još tamo? (Smeh)

(Laughter)

Oh, there it was. Put it away.

Aha, tu su bile. Vratite ih.

We're just shopping.

Samo smo u šopingu. Suština ovog trika je u stvari, u reagovanju na vreme.

This trick's more about the timing.

I'm going to try to push it inside your hand.

Probaću da ga uguram u vašu ruku.

Put your other hand on top, would you?

Stavite drugu ruku preko moje.

It's amazingly obvious now, isn't it?

Sada je neverovatno očigledno, zar ne?

Looks a lot like the watch I was wearing, doesn't it?

Mnogo liči na sat koji sam nosio, zar ne?

(Smeh) (Aplauz)

(Laughter) (Applause)

J: That's pretty good. AR: Oh, thanks.

Džo: To je bilo vrlo dobro. AR: O, hvala.

(Applause)

But it's only a start. Let's try it a little bit differently.

Ali to je samo početak. Da probamo ponovo, malo drugačije.

Hold your hands together. Your other hand on top.

Spojite šake. Stavite drugu ruku preko.

If you're watching this little token,

Ako sada gledate ovaj mali žeton, očigledno je postao mala meta.

this obviously has become a little target, like a red herring.

Kao mamac za odvlačenje pažnje.

If we watch this kind of close, it looks like it goes away.

Ako gledamo ovo izbliza, izgleda kao da je nestao.

It's not back on your shoulder.

Nije na vašem ramenu

It falls out of the air, lands right back in the hand.

već pada iz vazduha i sleće ponovo u ruku.

Did you see it go?

Jeste li ga videli kako pada?

Yeah, funny. We've got a little guy. He's union, works up there all day.

Da, čudno je. Imamo malog tipa gore. On je iz sindikata. Radi gore ceo dan.

If I do it slowly it goes straight away, it lands by your pocket.

Ako uradim to sporo, ako odmah nestane -

onda upadne u vaš džep.

Is it in this pocket, sir?

Mislim da je u ovom džepu, gospodine?

Don't reach in your pocket. That's a different show.

Ne gurajte ruku u svoj džep. To je iz druge emisije.

(Squeaking)

That's rather strange. They have shots for that.

I... (Pištanje) - to je baš čudno. Postoje vakcine za to.

Can I show them? Rather bizarre. Is this yours, sir?

Mogu li da im pokažem šta je to? Baš je neobično.

I have no idea how that works. We'll send that over there.

Je li ovo vaše, gospodine?

Nemam pojma kako to radi. Poslaćemo ga tamo.

I need help with this one.

To je sjajno. Treba mi pomoć za ovo.

Step over this way for me.

Don't run away. You had something down by your pants pocket.

Stanite ovde.

Nemojte da pobegnete. Imate nešto u džepu od pantalona.

I was checking mine. I couldn't find everything,

Proveravao sam u svojim. Nisam mogao sve da pronađem,

but I noticed you had something here.

ali sam primetio da imate nešto ovde.

Can I feel the outside for a moment?

Mogu li da opipam spolja vaš džep za trenutak?

Down here I noticed this. Is this something of yours, sir?

Ovde dole sam primetio ovo. Je l' ovo nešto vaše, gospodine?

I have no idea. That's a shrimp.

Nemam pojma. To je škamp.

J: Yeah. I'm saving it for later.

Džo: Da. Čuvam ga za posle.

AR: You've entertained all of these people in a wonderful way,

AR: Zabavili ste ove ljude na divan način,

better than you know.

i više nego što ste svesni.

So we'd love to give you this lovely watch as a gift.

Zato bismo voleli da vam damo ovaj lep sat kao poklon. (Smeh)

(Laughter)

Hopefully it matches his taste.

Nadam se da je po njegovom ukusu.

We have a couple of other things,

Ali imamo i nekoliko drugih stvari,

a little bit of cash.

malo keša i onda imamo nekoliko drugih stvari.

And we have a few other things,

these all belong to you,

Sve one pripadaju vama

zajedno sa velikim aplauzom od svih vaših prijatelja. (Aplauz)

along with a big round of applause from all your friends.

(Applause)

Džo, hvala vam puno.

Joe, thank you very much.

(Aplauz)

(Applause)

(Applause ends)

So, same question I asked you before,

Isto pitanje koje sam vas pitao pre,

but this time you don't have to close your eyes.

ali ovaj put ne morate da zatvorite oči.

What am I wearing?

Kako sam obučen?

Audience: Oh!

(Smeh)

(Laughter)

(Hesitant applause)

(Aplauz)

(Applause ends)

Attention is a powerful thing.

Pažnja je moćna stvar.

Like I said, it shapes your reality.

Kao što sam rekao, oblikuje vašu realnost.

So, I guess I'd like to pose that question to you.

Zato bih želeo da vam postavim to pitanje.

If you could control somebody's attention,

Ako biste mogli da kontrolišete nečiju pažnju,

what would you do with it?

šta biste uradili s njom?

Thank you.

Hvala.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)