The art of misdirection | Apollo Robbins | TED

Translator: Rudite Spakovska Reviewer: Kristaps Kadiķis

Do you think it's possible to control someone's attention?

Vai uzskatāt, ka ir iespējams kontrolēt kāda uzmanību?

Even more than that, what about predicting human behavior?

Vēl vairāk, vai ir iespējams paredzēt cilvēku uzvedību?

I think those are interesting ideas.

Manuprāt, tās ir interesantas domas.

For me, that would be the perfect superpower,

Man tā būtu ideāla superspēja

actually kind of an evil way of approaching it.

ar samērā ļaunu pieeju tās lietošanai.

But for myself, in the past, I've spent the last 20 years

Pats pēdējos 20 gadus esmu pavadījis

studying human behavior from a rather unorthodox way:

pētot cilvēku uzvedību visnotaļ netradicionālā veidā:

picking pockets.

kā kabatzaglis.

When we think of misdirection,

Iedomājoties par maldināšanu,

we think of something as looking off to the side,

mēs parasti domājam par skatīšanos pa malām,

when actually the things right in front of us

kad patiesībā to, kas ir acu priekšā,

are often the hardest to see,

bieži redzēt ir visgrūtāk.

the things that you look at every day that you're blinded to.

Tas, ko jūs redzat ikdienā, ko vairs neievērojat.

For example, how many of you still have your cell phones on you right now?

Piemēram, cik no jums joprojām ir līdzi mobilie tālruņi?

Great. Double-check.

Lieliski. Pārbaudiet vēlreiz,

Make sure you still have them.

Pārliecinieties, ka tie joprojām ir pie jums.

I was doing some shopping before.

Es pirms brīža jau nedaudz pasiroju.

(Laughter)

(Smiekli)

You've looked at them a few times today,

Šodien tajos pāris reizes jau esat skatījušies,

but I'll ask you a question.

bet es uzdošu vienu jautājumu.

Without looking at it directly yet,

Bez skatīšanās savā tālrunī,

can you remember the icon in the bottom right corner?

vai varat atcerēties, kāda ikona ir apakšējā, labajā stūrī?

Bring them out, check and see how accurate you were.

Paņemiet tālruņus un paskatieties, cik pareiza bija atbilde.

How'd you do?

Kā jums gāja?

Show of hands. Did we get it?

Paceliet rokas. Vai uzminējām?

Now that you're done, close them down.

Kad esat beiguši, nolieciet tos malā.

Every phone has something in common.

Visiem tālruņiem ir kaut kas kopīgs.

No matter how you organize the icons,

Neatkarīgi no tā, kā sakārtojat ikonas,

you still have a clock on the front.

pulkstenis tik un tā ir uz ekrāna.

So, without looking at your phone, what time was it?

Vēlreiz neskatoties telefonā, sakiet, cik bija pulkstenis?

You just looked at your clock, right?

Jūs tikko skatījāties pulkstenī, ne tā?

Interesting idea.

Interesanta doma.

Let's take that a step further with a game of trust.

Spersim soli tālāk ar uzticēšanās spēli.

Close your eyes.

Aizveriet acis.

I realize I'm asking you to do that while you just heard

Es saprotu, ka tikko dzirdējāt,

there's a pickpocket in the room, but close your eyes.

ka telpā ir kabatzaglis, bet aizveriet acis.

Now, you've been watching me for about 30 seconds.

Jūs esat skatījušies uz mani apmēram 30 sekundes.

With your eyes closed, what am I wearing?

Neatverot acis, kas man ir mugurā?

Make your best guess.

Miniet trīs reizes.

What color is my shirt? What color is my tie?

Kādā krāsā ir mans krekls? Kādā krāsā ir mana kaklasaite?

Now open your eyes.

Tagad atveriet acis.

Show of hands, were you right?

Paceliet rokas, vai uzminējāt?

Interesting, isn't it?

Interesanti, vai ne?

Some of us are a little bit more perceptive than others, it seems.

Tā vien šķiet, ka daži no mums ir drusku acīgāki nekā pārējie.

Bet man ir cita teorija par šo uzmanības pievēršanas modeli.

But I have a different theory about that model of attention.

They have fancy models of attention, Posner's trinity model of attention.

Ir daudzi smalki uzmanības modeļi, Posnera trīsvienības uzmanības modelis.

For me, I like to think of it very simple, like a surveillance system.

Es par to domāju gaužām vienkārši, kā par novērošanas sistēmu

It's kind of like you have all these fancy sensors,

Jums ir visvisādi smalki sensori,

and inside your brain is a little security guard.

un jūsu smadzenēs ir mazs apsargs.

For me, I like to call him Frank.

Es šo apsargu dēvēju par Frenku.

So Frank is sitting at a desk.

Tātad, Frenks sēž pie galda.

He's got lots of cool information in front of him,

Viņa priekšā ir visvisāda aizraujoša informācija,

high-tech equipment, he's got cameras,

augsto tehnoloģiju iekārtas, kameras,

he's got a little phone that he can pick up, listen to the ears,

Viņam ir telefoniņš, ko pacelt un paklausīties caur ausīm.

all these senses, all these perceptions.

Visas šīs maņas, uztvertā informācija.

But attention is what steers your perceptions,

Bet uztverto vada uzmanība.

it's what controls your reality.

Tā kontrolē jūsu realitāti.

It's the gateway to the mind.

Tie ir kā vārti uz prātu.

If you don't attend to something, you can't be aware of it.

Nepievēršot kaut kam uzmanību, to nevar apzināties.

But ironically, you can attend to something without being aware of it.

Taču, ironiskā kārtā, uzmanību var pievērst, to neapzinoties.

For example, the cocktail effect:

Piemēram, kokteiļballītes efekts.

You're in a party, having conversations with someone,

Kad, ballītes laikā, jūs ar kādu sarunājieties,

and yet you can recognize your name

bet tik un tā sadzirdat savu vārdu,

without realizing you were listening to that.

pat neapzinoties, ka visu laiku klausījāties.

Now, for my job, I have to play with techniques to exploit this,

Mans darbs ir to izmantot ar dažādiem paņēmieniem,

to play with your attention as a limited resource.

lai spēlētos ar jūsu uzmanību kā ierobežotu resursu.

So if I could control how you spend your attention,

Ja es spēju kontrolēt, kam tiek veltīta jūsu uzmanība,

if I could maybe steal your attention through a distraction.

Ja es spētu novēršot „nozagt” jūsu uzmanību.

Now, instead of doing it like misdirection

Tā vietā, lai uzmanību novērstu

and throwing it off to the side,

projām no vietas,

instead, what I choose to focus on is Frank,

tā vietā es izvēlos koncentrēties uz Frenku.

to be able to play with the Frank inside your head,

Apspēlējot jūsu galvā esošo Frenku,

your security guard,

jūsu iekšējo apsargu,

and get you, instead of focusing on your external senses,

un panāku, ka tā vietā, lai pievērstu uzmanību ārējām maņām,

just to go internal for a second.

jūs uz brīdi iegrimstat sevī.

So if I ask you to access a memory, like, what is that?

Kad es jums lūdzu atcerēties, piemēram, kas bija tas?

What just happened? Do you have a wallet?

Kas tikko notika? Jums joprojām ir maks?

Do you have an American Express in your wallet?

Vai American Express jums joprojām ir makā?

And when I do that, your Frank turns around.

Man to pajautājot, jūsu Frenks pagriežas

He accesses the file. He has to rewind the tape.

Viņš piekļūst datiem. Viņam filma jāpatin atpakaļ.

What's interesting is, he can't rewind the tape

Interesanti, ka viņš nevar tīt filmu atpakaļ,

at the same time that he's trying to process new data.

vienlaikus apstrādājot jaunus datus.

This sounds like a good theory,

Izklausās pēc labas teorijas,

but I could talk for a long time, tell you lots of things,

taču es jums varētu ilgi un dikti viskautko stāstīt,

and a portion of them may be true,

un daļa varētu būt patiesība,

but I think it's better if I tried to show that to you here live.

bet, manuprāt, labāk būtu, ja es to mēģinātu parādītu uz vietas.

If I come down, I'm going to do a bit of shopping.

Tā, es dodos lejā, lai drusku pasirotu.

Just hold still where you are.

Palieciet savās vietās.

Hello, how are you? It's lovely to see you.

Sveiki, kā jums klājas? Prieks jūs redzēt!

Wonderful job onstage.

Brīnišķīga uzstāšanās!

Lovely watch, it doesn't come off very well.

Jauks pulkstenis, nav gan viegli noņemams.

Do you have a ring as well?

Jums ir arī gredzens?

Good. Just taking inventory. You're like a buffet.

Labi. Es tikai pārbaudu. Jūs esat kā uzkodu galds!

Hard to tell where to start, so many great things.

Grūti izvēlēties, ar ko sākt, tik daudz visādu labumu!

Hi, how are you? Good to see you.

Sveiki, kā klājas? Prieks jūs redzēt!

Hi, sir, could you stand up, please? Just right where you are.

Sveiki, kungs, varētu lūdzu piecelties kājās? Tepat uz vietas.

You're married, you follow directions well.

Jūs esat precēts, tad jau labi izpildāt pavēles.

Nice to meet you, sir.

Patīkami jūs satikt, kungs.

You don't have a lot in your pockets. Anything down here?

Jums kabatas tādas patukšas. Vai šajā kabatā kaut kas ir?

Hopefully so. Have a seat. There you go. You're doing well.

Cerams. Sēdieties, jums lieliski sanāk!

Hi, sir, how are you?

Sveicināti, kā klājas?

Good to see you, sir. You have a ring, a watch.

Prieks jūs redzēt, kungs! Jums ir pulkstenis, gredzens.

Do you have a wallet on you? Joe: I don't.

Vai jums līdzi ir maks? Džo: Nav.

AR: Well, we'll find one for you. Come on up this way, Joe.

A.R.: Mēs jums atradīsim maku.

Sekojiet man, Džo.

Give Joe a round of applause. Come on up, Joe. Let's play a game.

Aplausi par godu Džo!

Nāciet uz skatuves, Džo. Paspēlēsim spēli.

(Applause)

(Aplausi)

AR: Pardon me.

A.R.: Es atvainojos.

I don't think I need this clicker anymore.

Man laikam vairāk nevajadzēs pulti.

Thank you very much. I appreciate that.

Liels paldies. Es to novērtēju.

Come on up to the stage, Joe. Let's play a little game now.

Kāpiet uz skatuves, Džo, paspēlēsim mazu spēlīti.

Anything in your front pockets?

Jums priekšējās kabatās kaut kas ir?

J: Money.

Džo: Nauda.

AR: Money! All right, let's try that.

A.R.: Nauda! Labi, tas derēs.

Can you stand right over this way for me?

Vai jūs varētu te nostāties?

Turn around and, let's see,

Pagriezieties un paskatīsimies,

if I give you something that belongs to me,

ja es jums iedotu kaut ko, kas pieder man,

this is just something I have,

kas man vienkārši ir līdzi,

a poker chip.

pokera žetons.

Izstiepiet roku.

Hold out your hand for me.

Vērojiet to uzmanīgi.

Watch it closely.

This is a task for you to focus on.

Šis ir darbs, kam pievēršat uzmanību.

You have your money in your front pocket?

Jums ir nauda priekšējā kabatā?

J: Yup. AR: Good.

Džo: Jā. A.R.: Labi.

I won't put my hand in your pocket. I'm not ready for that kind of commitment.

Es gan nelikšu roku jūsu kabatā.

Es nejūtos gatavs šādām saistībām.

Once a guy had a hole in his pocket,

Reiz puisim kabatā bija caurums,

and that was rather traumatizing for me.

un tas bija diezgan traumatiski.

I wanted his wallet, he gave me his number.

Es gribēju maku, bet dabūju viņa numuru.

Big miscommunication.

Liels pārpratums.

(Laughter)

(Smiekli)

Let's do this simply. Squeeze your hand tight.

Darīsim vienkāršāk. Saspiediet to plaukstā.

Do you feel the poker chip in your hand?

Vai jūtat pokera žetonu savā rokā?

J: I do.

Džo: Jūtu.

AR: Would you be surprised if I took it? Say yes.

Vai būtu pārsteigts, ja es to paņemtu? Sakiet jā!

J: Very. AR: Good.

Džo: Ļoti. A.R.: Labi.

Open your hand. Thank you very much.

Atveriet plaukstu. Liels paldies!

I'll cheat if you give me a chance.

Es krāpšos, ja dosiet man iespēju.

Make it harder for me. Just use your hand.

Apgrūtiniet man darbu. Izmantojiet roku.

Grab my wrist, but squeeze, squeeze firm.

Turiet manu plaukstu. Turiet cieši.

Did you see it go? Joe: No.

Redzējāt, kur tas palika?

Džo: Nē A.R. Te tā nav.

AR: No, it's not here. Open your hand.

Atveriet plaukstu.

While we're focused on the hand, it's sitting on your shoulder.

Kamēr mēs pievērsāmies rokai,

žetons palika uz jūsu pleca

Noņemiet to.

Go ahead and take it off.

Now, let's try that again.

Pamēģināsim vēlreiz.

Hold your hand out flat. Open it up.

Izstiepiet atvērtu plaukstu. Pavisam plakanu.

Put your hand up a little bit higher, but watch it close.

Paceliet roku drusku augstāk, bet vērojiet to cieši.

If I did it slowly, it'd be on your shoulder.

Ja darītu to lēnām, tas būtu atpakaļ uz pleca.

(Laughter)

(Smiekli)

Joe, we're going to keep doing this till you catch it.

Džo, mēs to atkārtosim, kamēr uzķersiet.

You'll get it eventually. I have faith in you.

Beigu beigās jūs sapratīsiet, es jums ticu.

Squeeze firm. You're human, you're not slow.

Saspiediet cieši. Jūs esat cilvēks, neesat lēns.

It's back on your shoulder.

Tas atkal ir uz jūsu pleca.

You were focused on your hand, distracted.

Jūs pievērsāt uzmanību rokai, novērsāties.

While you were watching, I couldn't get your watch off.

Kamēr vērojāt roku, man neizdevās noņemt jūsu pulksteni.

Yet you had something inside your pocket.

Bet jums kaut kas bija priekšējā kabatā.

Do you remember what it was?

Atceraties, kas tur bija?

J: Money.

Džo: Nauda.

AR: Check your pocket. Is it still there?

A.R.: Pārbaudiet kabatu. Vai tā joprojām ir tur?

(Laughter)

(Smiekli)

Oh, there it was. Put it away.

Ā, tā bija tur! Nolieciet atpakaļ.

We're just shopping.

Mēs tikai pasirojam.

This trick's more about the timing.

Galvenais ir īstais brīdis.

I'm going to try to push it inside your hand.

Es mēģināšu žetonu iespiest jūsu dūrē.

Put your other hand on top, would you?

Uzlieciet otru roku pa virsu, labi?

It's amazingly obvious now, isn't it?

Apbrīnojami acīmredzami, ne tā?

Looks a lot like the watch I was wearing, doesn't it?

Ļoti līdzīgi pulkstenim, ko iepriekš nēsāju, vai ne?

(Laughter) (Applause)

(Smiekli) (Aplausi)

J: That's pretty good. AR: Oh, thanks.

Džo: Nav slikti! A.R.: Oo, paldies!

(Applause)

(Aplausi)

But it's only a start. Let's try it a little bit differently.

Bet tas ir tikai sākums. Pamēģināsim vēlreiz drusku citādāk.

Hold your hands together. Your other hand on top.

Salieciet kopā rokas. Vienu virs otras.

If you're watching this little token,

Ja vērojat šo žetoniņu,

this obviously has become a little target, like a red herring.

tas acīmredzami ir kļuvis par mērķi, kā malduguns.

If we watch this kind of close, it looks like it goes away.

Ja mēs cieši vērojam notiekošo, izskatās, ka tas pazūd.

It's not back on your shoulder.

Tas nav uz jūsu pleca.

It falls out of the air, lands right back in the hand.

Tas izkrīt no zila gaisa un iekrīt tieši plaukstā.

Did you see it go?

Kur tas palika?

Yeah, funny. We've got a little guy. He's union, works up there all day.

Jā, savādi gan. Tur ir mūsējais, kurš tur sēž visu dienu.

If I do it slowly it goes straight away, it lands by your pocket.

Lēnām, ja viss notiktu uzreiz, žetons iekristu jūsu kabatā.

Is it in this pocket, sir?

Šajā kabatā, kungs?

Don't reach in your pocket. That's a different show.

Nebāziet roku kabatā. Tas ir kam citam.

(Squeaking)

(Pīkstoņa).

That's rather strange. They have shots for that.

Nu gan dīvaini. Tam ir injekcijas.

Can I show them? Rather bizarre. Is this yours, sir?

Varu parādīt? Savādi gan. Kungs, tas ir jūsējais?

I have no idea how that works. We'll send that over there.

Man nav ne jausmas, kā tas notiek. Vienkārši aizsūtīsim to prom.

I need help with this one.

Tagad man vajadzēs palīdzību.

Step over this way for me.

Paejiet turp.

Don't run away. You had something down by your pants pocket.

Vēl neskrieniet projām. Jums bikšu kabatā kaut kas bija.

I was checking mine. I couldn't find everything,

Es pārbaudīju savas. Es nevarēju neko atrast,

but I noticed you had something here.

bet jums tur kaut kas ir.

Can I feel the outside for a moment?

Vai varu pataustīt jūsu kabatu no ārpuses?

Down here I noticed this. Is this something of yours, sir?

Šeit lejā es pamanīju šo te. Kungs, vai tā ir jūsējā?

I have no idea. That's a shrimp.

Man nav ne jausmas. Tā ir garnele.

J: Yeah. I'm saving it for later.

Džo: Jā, pataupīju to vēlākam.

AR: You've entertained all of these people in a wonderful way,

A.R.: Jūs brīnišķīgi izklaidējāt visus šos cilvēkus,

better than you know.

labāk nekā jums šķita.

So we'd love to give you this lovely watch as a gift.

Tādēļ mēs jums uzdāvināsim šo jauko pulksteni.

(Laughter)

(Smiekli)

Hopefully it matches his taste.

Cerams, tas ir viņa gaumē.

We have a couple of other things,

Bet mums ir arī dažas citas lietas,

a little bit of cash.

drusku skaidras naudas.

And we have a few other things,

Vēl pāris lietas.

these all belong to you,

Tie visi ir jūsējie,

un protams, skaļi aplausi par godu jums.

along with a big round of applause from all your friends.

(Applause)

(Aplausi)

Joe, thank you very much.

Džo, liels paldies!

(Aplausi)

(Applause)

(Applause ends)

(Aplausi beidzas)

So, same question I asked you before,

Tas pats jautājums, ko uzdevu jau iepriekš,

but this time you don't have to close your eyes.

tikai šoreiz jums nav jāaizver acis.

What am I wearing?

Kas man ir mugurā?

Audience: Oh!

Skatītāji: Oh!

(Laughter)

(Smiekli)

(Hesitant applause)

(Atturīgi aplausi)

(Applause ends)

(Aplausi beidzas)

Attention is a powerful thing.

Uzmanība ir nozīmīga lieta.

Like I said, it shapes your reality.

Kā jau teicu, tā veido jūsu realitāti.

So, I guess I'd like to pose that question to you.

Man gribētos uzdot jums jautājumu:

If you could control somebody's attention,

Ja spētu kontrolēt kāda uzmanību,

what would you do with it?

ko jūs ar šo spēju darītu?

Thank you.

Paldies!

(Applause)

(Aplausi)