Amy Lockwood: Selling condoms in the Congo

58,618 views ใƒป 2011-09-21

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Ran Amitay ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:15
I am a reformed marketer,
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ืื ื™ ืืฉืช ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง ืฉื—ื–ืจื” ืœืžื•ื˜ื‘
00:17
and I now work in international development.
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ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ื‘ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™.
00:20
In October, I spent some time in the Democratic Republic of Congo,
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ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืœื™ืชื™ ื–ืžืŸ ืžื” ื‘ืจืคื•ื‘ืœื™ืงื” ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืงื•ื ื’ื•,
00:23
which is the [second] largest country in Africa.
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ืฉื”ื™ื ื” ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœื” ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื”.
00:25
In fact, it's as large as Western Europe,
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื›ืžื• ืžืขืจื‘ ืื™ืจื•ืคื”,
00:28
but it only has 300 miles of paved roads.
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ืจืง 300 ืžื™ื™ืœ ืฉืœ ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืกืœื•ืœื•ืช.
00:32
The DRC is a dangerous place.
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ืงื•ื ื’ื• (ืจืคื•ื‘ืœื™ืงื” ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืงื•ื ื’ื•) ื”ื™ื ืžืงื•ื ืžืกื•ื›ืŸ.
00:34
In the past 10 years, five million people have died
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ื‘10 ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืžืœื™ื•ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืชื•
00:37
due to a war in the east.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžื–ืจื—.
00:39
But war isn't the only reason
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ืื‘ืœ ืžืœื—ืžื” ืื™ื ื” ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื”
00:41
that life is difficult in the DRC.
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ืฉื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืงื•ื ื’ื• ืงืฉื™ื.
00:43
There are many health issues as well.
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ื™ืฉื ืŸ ื’ื ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช.
00:45
In fact, the HIV prevalence rate
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืฉื›ื™ื—ื•ืช ื”ืื™ื™ื“ืก
00:47
is 1.3 percent among adults.
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ื”ื™ื 1.3 ืื—ื•ื– ื‘ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื” ื”ื‘ื•ื’ืจืช.
00:50
This might not sound like a large number,
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ื–ื” ืื•ืœื™ ืœื ื ืฉืžืข ื›ืžื• ืžืกืคืจ ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”,
00:52
but in a country with 76 million people,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขื 76 ืžืœื™ื•ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื,
00:55
it means there are 930,000 that are infected.
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ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉ 930,000 ื ืฉืื™ื.
00:59
And due to the poor infrastructure,
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ื•ืขืงื‘ ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื’ืจื•ืขื•ืช,
01:01
only 25 percent of those
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ืจืง 25 ืื—ื•ื– ืžืืœื”
01:03
are receiving the life-saving drugs that they need.
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ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ืžืฆื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืœื”ืŸ ื”ื ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื.
01:06
Which is why, in part,
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ื•ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืื—ืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื’ืœืœืŸ
01:08
donor agencies provide condoms
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ืื™ืจื’ื•ื ื™ ืขื–ืจื” ืžืกืคืงื™ื ืงื•ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื
01:10
at low or no cost.
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ื‘ื–ื•ืœ ืื• ื‘ื—ื™ื ื.
01:12
And so while I was in the DRC,
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ื•ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื•ืชื™ ื‘ืงื•ื ื’ื•,
01:14
I spent a lot of time talking to people about condoms,
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ื‘ื™ืœื™ืชื™ ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ื‘ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ืขื ืื ืฉื™ื ืขืœ ืงื•ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื
01:16
including Damien.
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ื‘ื™ื ื”ื ื“ืžื™ืืŸ.
01:18
Damien runs a hotel outside of Kinshasa.
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ื“ืžื™ืืŸ ืžื ื”ืœ ืžืœื•ืŸ ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืงื™ื ืฉืกื”.
01:21
It's a hotel that's only open until midnight,
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ื–ื” ืžืœื•ืŸ ืฉืคืชื•ื— ืจืง ืขื“ ื—ืฆื•ืช,
01:23
so it's not a place that you stay.
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ืื– ื–ื” ืœื ืžืงื•ื ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื‘ื•.
01:25
But it is a place where sex workers and their clients come.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืžืงื•ื ืืœื™ื• ื‘ืื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืžื™ืŸ ื•ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื.
01:29
Now Damien knows all about condoms,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื“ืžื™ืืŸ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ื‘ืงื•ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื,
01:31
but he doesn't sell them.
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ืืš ืื™ื ื• ืžื•ื›ืจ ืื•ืชื.
01:33
He said there's just not in demand.
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ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืคืฉื•ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉ.
01:35
It's not surprising,
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ื–ื” ืœื ืžืคืชื™ืข.
01:37
because only three percent of people in the DRC
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ื›ื™ ืจืง ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืžืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ืงื•ื ื’ื•
01:39
use condoms.
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ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืงื•ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื.
01:41
Joseph and Christine,
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ื’'ื•ื–ืฃ ื•ืงืจื™ืกื˜ื™ืŸ,
01:43
who run a pharmacy where they sell a number of these condoms,
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ื”ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืช ืžืจืงื—ืช ื‘ื• ื”ื ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ืžื‘ื—ืจ ืงื•ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื,
01:45
said despite the fact that donor agencies provide them at low or no cost,
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ืืžืจื• ืฉืืข"ืค ืฉืื™ืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื”ืกื™ื•ืข ืžืกืคืงื™ื ืื•ืชื ื‘ื–ื•ืœ ืื• ื‘ื—ื™ื ื
01:49
and they have marketing campaigns that go along with them,
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ื•ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ื‘ืžืกืขื•ืช ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ืื™ืชื,
01:52
their customers don't buy the branded versions.
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ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืื™ื ื ืงื•ื ื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื ื”ืžืžื•ืชื’ื™ื.
01:55
They like the generics.
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ื”ื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ื’ื ืจื™ื™ื.
01:57
And as a marketer, I found that curious.
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ื•ื›ืžืฉื•ื•ืงืช, ื–ื” ืกื™ืงืจืŸ ืื•ืชื™.
02:00
And so I started to look at what the marketing looked like.
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ืื– ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ืžืขืจืš ื”ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง.
02:03
And it turns out that there are three main messages
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ื•ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืžืกืจื™ื ืขื™ืงืจื™ื™ื
02:06
used by the donor agencies for these condoms:
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ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืข"ื™ ืื™ืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื”ืกื™ื•ืข ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืงื•ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื:
02:10
fear, financing and fidelity.
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ืคื—ื“, ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื•ื ืืžื ื•ืช.
02:14
They name the condoms things like Vive, "to live"
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ื”ื ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืœืงื•ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืฉืžื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื•ื™ื•, "ืœื—ื™ื•ืช"
02:18
or Trust.
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ืื• ืืžื•ืŸ.
02:20
They package it with the red ribbon
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ื”ื ืขื•ื˜ืคื™ื ืื•ืชื ื‘ืกืจื˜ ื”ืื“ื•ื
02:22
that reminds us of HIV,
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ืฉืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœื ื• ืื™ื™ื“ืก,
02:24
put it in boxes that remind you who paid for them,
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ืžื›ื ื™ืกื™ื ืื•ืชื ืœืงื•ืคืกืื•ืช ืฉืžืจืื•ืช ืœื ื• ืžื™ ืฉื™ืœื ืขืœื™ื”ื,
02:28
show pictures of your wife or husband
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ืžืจืื™ื ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื™ืฉืชืš ืื• ื‘ืขืœืš
02:30
and tell you to protect them
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ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื ื• ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœื™ื”ื
02:32
or to act prudently.
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ืื• ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ื–ื”ื™ืจื•ืช.
02:35
Now these are not the kinds of things that someone is thinking about
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืืœื” ืœื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืืชื” ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืขืœื™ื”ื
02:38
just before they go get a condom.
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ืžืžืฉ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืืชื” ืงื•ื ื” ืงื•ื ื“ื•ื.
02:40
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
02:44
What is it that you think about
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ืขืœ ืžื” ืืชื” ื—ื•ืฉื‘
02:46
just before you get a condom?
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ืžืžืฉ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืืชื” ืงื•ื ื” ืงื•ื ื“ื•ื?
02:48
Sex!
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ืกืงืก!
02:51
And the private companies that sell condoms in these places,
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ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื›ืจื•ืช ืงื•ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืืœื”
02:54
they understand this.
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ื”ืŸ ืžื‘ื™ื ื•ืช ืืช ื–ื”.
02:56
Their marketing is slightly different.
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ื”ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง ืฉืœื”ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ืžืขื˜.
02:59
The name might not be much different,
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ื”ืฉื ืื•ืœื™ ืœื ืฉื•ื ื” ืžืื•ื“,
03:01
but the imagery sure is.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜.
03:03
Some brands are aspirational,
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ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžื•ืชื’ื™ื ืฉืืคืชื ื™ื™ื,
03:06
and certainly the packaging is incredibly provocative.
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ื•ื”ืืจื™ื–ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืคืจื•ื‘ื•ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช.
03:10
And this made me think
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ื•ื–ื” ื’ืจื ืœื™ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘
03:12
that perhaps the donor agencies had just missed out
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ืฉืื•ืœื™ ืื™ืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื”ืกื™ื•ืข ืคื™ืกืคืกื•
03:15
on a key aspect of marketing:
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ืืกืคืงื˜ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง:
03:17
understanding who's the audience.
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ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื™ ื”ืงื”ืœ.
03:20
And for donor agencies, unfortunately,
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ื•ืœืื™ืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื”ืกื™ื•ืข, ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืฆืขืจ,
03:23
the audience tends to be
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ื”ืงื”ืœ ื ื•ื˜ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช
03:25
people that aren't even in the country they're working [in].
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืžื“ื™ื ื”.
03:27
It's people back home,
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ืืœื” ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช,
03:29
people that support their work,
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืืฉืจ ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื”ื,
03:31
people like these.
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ืื ืฉื™ื ื›ืžื• ืืœื”.
03:34
But if what we're really trying to do
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืืžืช ืžื ืกื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช
03:36
is stop the spread of HIV,
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ื”ื•ื ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื”ืื™ื™ื“ืก,
03:39
we need to think about the customer,
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ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืฆืจื›ืŸ,
03:41
the people whose behavior needs to change --
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ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืืฉืจ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ืฉืชื ื•ืช --
03:44
the couples,
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ื”ื–ื•ื’ื•ืช,
03:46
the young women, the young men --
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ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื”, ื”ื’ื‘ืจ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ --
03:48
whose lives depend on it.
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ืืฉืจ ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ืš.
03:51
And so the lesson is this:
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ, ืžื•ืกืจ ื”ื”ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื•ื:
03:53
it doesn't really matter what you're selling;
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ืœื ืžืžืฉ ืžืฉื ื” ืžื” ืืชื” ืžื•ื›ืจ,
03:56
you just have to think about who is your customer,
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ืืชื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืžื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ืœืงื•ื— ืฉืœืš,
03:59
and what are the messages
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ื•ืžื” ื”ืžืกืจื™ื
04:01
that are going to get them to change their behavior.
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ืฉื™ื’ืจืžื• ืœื”ื ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื.
04:03
It might just save their lives.
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ื–ื” ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื”ื.
04:05
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
04:07
(Applause)
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(ืชืฉื•ืื•ืช)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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