The demise of guys? | Philip Zimbardo

538,993 views ใƒป 2011-08-05

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Ido Dekkers ืžื‘ืงืจ: Shahar Kaiser
00:15
So today, I want us to reflect
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ืื– ื”ื™ื•ื, ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉื ื”ืจื”ืจ
00:17
on the demise of guys.
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ืขืœ ืงืฅ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื.
00:19
Guys are flaming out academically;
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ื‘ื ื™ื ื ื›ืฉืœื™ื ืืงื“ืžื™ืช;
00:21
they're wiping out socially with girls
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ื”ื ืœื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ืขื ื‘ื ื•ืช
00:23
and sexually with women.
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ื•ืžื™ื ื™ืช ืขื ื ืฉื™ื.
00:25
Other than that, there's not much of a problem.
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ื—ื•ืฅ ืžื–ื”, ืื™ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช.
00:28
So what's the data?
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ืื– ืžื”ื ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื?
00:30
So the data on dropping out is amazing.
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ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ืขืœ ื ืฉื™ืจื” ื”ื ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื™ื.
00:32
Boys are 30 percent more likely than girls
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ื‘ื ื™ื ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื›-30 ืื—ื•ื– ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืœื ืฉื•ืจ
00:34
to drop out of school.
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ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœื‘ื ื•ืช.
00:36
In Canada, five boys drop out for every three girls.
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ื‘ืงื ื“ื”, ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ื‘ื ื™ื ื ื•ืฉืจื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื‘ื ื•ืช.
00:39
Girls outperform boys now at every level,
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ื‘ื ื•ืช ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืจืžื”,
00:41
from elementary school to graduate school.
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ืžื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ ืœืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ.
00:43
There's a 10 percent differential
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ื™ืฉ ื”ืคืจืฉ ืฉืœ 10 ืื—ื•ื–
00:45
between getting BA's and all graduate programs,
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชื•ืืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื•ื›ืœ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืชื•ืืจ ืฉื ื™,
00:48
with guys falling behind girls.
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ืขื ื‘ื ื™ื ืฉืžืคื’ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื‘ื ื•ืช.
00:51
Two-thirds of all students in special ed. remedial programs are guys.
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ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ื ืžื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื”ื ื‘ื ื™ื.
00:55
And as you all know,
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ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉื›ื•ืœื›ื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื,
00:57
boys are five times more likely than girls
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ื‘ื ื™ื ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื ืคื™ ื—ืžืฉ ืžื‘ื ื•ืช
00:59
to be labeled as having attention deficit disorder --
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ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื•ื™ื™ื’ื™ื ื›ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืคืจืขืช ืงืฉื‘ --
01:01
and therefore we drug them with Ritalin.
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืกืžืžื™ื ืื•ืชื ืขื ืจื™ื˜ืœื™ืŸ.
01:04
What's the evidence of wiping out?
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ืžื” ื”ื”ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ืœื›ื™ืฉืœื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื—ืกื™ื?
01:06
First, it's a new fear of intimacy.
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ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื–ื” ืคื—ื“ ื—ื“ืฉ ืžืื™ื ื˜ื™ืžื™ื•ืช.
01:08
Intimacy means physical, emotional connection
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ืื™ื ื˜ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกืช ืœืงืฉืจ ืคื™ืกื™ ื•ืจื’ืฉื™
01:11
with somebody else --
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ืขื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ --
01:13
and especially with somebody of the opposite sex
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ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืขื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืžื”ืžื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™
01:16
who gives off ambiguous, contradictory,
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ืฉืžืฉื“ืจ ืžืกืจื™ื ื“ื• ืžืฉืžืขื™ื™ื, ืกื•ืชืจื™ื
01:18
phosphorescent signals.
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ืกื™ื’ื ืœื™ื ื–ืจื—ื ื™ื™ื.
01:20
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
01:24
And every year there's research done
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ื•ื›ืœ ืฉื ื” ื ืขืจืš ืžื—ืงืจ
01:26
on self-reported shyness among college students.
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ืขืœ ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื ื•ืช ืžื“ื•ื•ื—ืช ืขืฆืžืื™ืช ื‘ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ืงื•ืœื’'
01:29
And we're seeing a steady increase among males.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืขืœื™ื” ืžืชืžื“ืช ืืฆืœ ื‘ื ื™ื.
01:31
And this is two kinds.
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ื•ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืฉื ื™ ืกื•ื’ื™ื.
01:33
It's a social awkwardness.
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ื–ื• ืžื•ื–ืจื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช.
01:35
The old shyness was a fear of rejection.
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ื”ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉื ื” ื”ื™ืชื” ืคื—ื“ ืžื“ื—ื™ื”.
01:37
It's a social awkwardness like you're a stranger in a foreign land.
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ื–ื• ืžื•ื–ืจื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื›ืžื• ื›ืฉืืชื ื–ืจื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื–ืจื”.
01:39
They don't know what to say, they don't know what to do,
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ื”ื ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžื” ืœื”ื’ื™ื“, ื”ื ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช,
01:42
especially one-on-one [with the] opposite sex.
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ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืื—ื“ ืขืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื•ืœ ื”ืžื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™.
01:45
They don't know the language of face contact,
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ื”ื ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืืช ืฉืคืช ื”ื‘ืขื•ืช ื”ืคื ื™ื,
01:48
the non-verbal and verbal set of rules
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ืกื˜ ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื”ืœื ืžื™ืœื•ืœื™
01:50
that enable you to comfortably talk to somebody else,
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ืฉืžืืคืฉืจ ืœื›ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื ื•ื—ื™ื•ืช ืขื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ,
01:53
listen to somebody else.
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ืœื”ืงืฉื™ื‘ ืœืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ.
01:55
There's something I'm developing here called social intensity syndrome,
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ื™ืฉ ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืื ื™ ืžืคืชื— ืคื” ืฉื ืงืจื ืกื™ื ื“ืจื•ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื’ื‘ืจืช,
01:58
which tries to account for why guys really prefer
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ืฉืžื ืกื” ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœืžื” ื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ืืžืช ืžืขื“ื™ืคื™ื
02:00
male bonding over female mating.
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ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื’ื‘ืจื™ืช ืขืœ ื—ื™ื–ื•ืจ ื ืฉื™ื.
02:03
It turns out, from earliest childhood,
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ื•ืžืกืชื‘ืจ, ืžื”ื™ืœื“ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืงื“ืžืช,
02:05
boys, and then men,
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ื‘ื ื™ื ื•ืื– ื’ื‘ืจื™ื,
02:07
prefer the company of guys --
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ืžืขื“ื™ืคื™ื ืืช ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื --
02:09
physical company.
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ื—ื‘ืจื” ืคื™ืกื™ืช.
02:11
And there's actually a cortical arousal we're looking at,
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ื•ื™ืฉ ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื—ื™ื–ื•ืจื™ืช ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื,
02:14
because guys have been with guys
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื‘ื ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืขื ื‘ื ื™ื
02:16
in teams, in clubs, in gangs, in fraternities,
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ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช, ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ื•ื ื™ื, ื‘ื›ื ื•ืคื™ื•ืช, ื‘ืื—ื•ื•ืช,
02:19
especially in the military, and then in pubs.
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ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืฆื‘ื, ื•ืื– ื‘ืคืื‘ื™ื.
02:22
And this peaks at Super Bowl Sunday
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ื•ื–ื” ื’ื•ืื” ื‘ื™ื•ื ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืกื•ืคืจื‘ื•ืœ
02:24
when guys would rather be in a bar with strangers,
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ื‘ื• ื‘ื ื™ื ื™ืขื“ื™ืคื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืจ ืขื ื–ืจื™ื,
02:27
watching a totally overdressed Aaron Rodgers of the Green Bay Packers,
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ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ืื”ืจื•ืŸ ืจื•ื“ื’'ืจืก ืžื”ื’ืจื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืคืืงืจืก ืœื‘ื•ืฉ ืžื™ื“ื™,
02:31
rather than Jennifer Lopez totally naked in the bedroom.
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืืช ื’'ื ื™ืคืจ ืœื•ืคื– ืขืจื•ืžื” ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ื”ืฉื™ื ื”.
02:34
The problem is they now prefer
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ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื ืžืขื“ื™ืคื™ื
02:36
[the] asynchronistic Internet world
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ืืช ืขื•ืœื ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ื”ืืกื™ื ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืกื˜ื™
02:38
to the spontaneous interaction
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ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืกืคื•ื ื˜ื ื™ื•ืช
02:40
in social relationships.
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ื‘ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื.
02:42
What are the causes? Well, it's an unintended consequence.
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ืžื”ื ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื? ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื–ื• ืชื•ืฆืื” ืœื ืžื›ื•ื•ื ืช.
02:45
I think it's excessive Internet use in general, excessive video gaming,
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื–ื” ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืžื•ื’ื–ื ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ื‘ื›ืœืœื™ื•ืช, ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™ ืžืฉื—ืงื™ ื•ื™ื“ืื•,
02:48
excessive new access to pornography.
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ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืžื“ื™ ืฉืœ ืคื•ืจื ื•ื’ืจืคื™ื”.
02:52
The problem is these are arousal addictions.
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ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉืืœื” ื”ืชืžื›ืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืขื•ืจืจื•ืช.
02:55
Drug addiction, you simply want more.
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ื”ืชืžื›ืจื•ืช ืœืกืžื™ื, ืืชื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืขื•ื“.
02:57
Arousal addiction, you want different.
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ื”ืชืžื›ืจื•ืช ืžืขื•ืจืจืช, ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืฉื•ื ื”.
02:59
Drugs, you want more of the same -- different.
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ืกืžื™ื, ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืขื•ื“ ืžืื•ืชื• ื“ื‘ืจ -- ืฉื•ื ื”.
03:01
So you need the novelty in order for the arousal to be sustained.
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ืื– ืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ื’ื™ืจื•ื™ ื™ืžืฉื™ืš.
03:04
And the problem is the industry is supplying it.
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ื•ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ืชืขืฉื™ื” ืžืกืคืงืช ืืช ื–ื”.
03:07
Jane McGonigal told us last year
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ื’'ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืงื’ื•ื ื™ื’ืœ ืกื™ืคืจื” ื‘ืฉื ื” ืฉืขื‘ืจื”
03:09
that by the time a boy is 21,
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ืฉืขื“ ื’ื™ืœ 21, ื‘ื—ื•ืจ
03:11
he's played 10,000 hours of video games,
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ื™ืฉื—ืง 10,000 ืฉืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉื—ืงื™ ื•ื™ื“ืื•,
03:13
most of that in isolation.
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ืจื•ื‘ื ืœื‘ื“.
03:15
As you remember, Cindy Gallop said
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ื›ืžื• ืฉืืชื ื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื, ืกื™ื ื“ื™ ื’ืืœื•ืค ืืžืจื”
03:17
men don't know the difference
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ืฉื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ
03:20
between making love and doing porn.
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืื”ื‘ื” ืœืœืขืฉื•ืช ืคื•ืจื ื•.
03:22
The average boy now watches 50 porn video clips a week.
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ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืžืžื•ืฆืข ืฆื•ืคื” ื‘ื›-50 ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ ืคื•ืจื ื• ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข.
03:25
And there's some guy watching a hundred, obviously.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืฉืฆื•ืคื” ื‘ืžืื”, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ.
03:28
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
03:30
And the porn industry is the fastest growing industry in America --
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ื•ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ืคื•ืจื ื• ื”ื™ื ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื” ืฉืฆื•ืžื—ืช ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื” --
03:33
15 billion annually.
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15 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื‘ืฉื ื”.
03:35
For every 400 movies made in Hollywood,
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ืœื›ืœ 400 ืกืจื˜ื™ื ืฉื ืขืฉื™ื ื‘ื”ื•ืœื™ื•ื•ื“,
03:37
there are 11,000 now made porn videos.
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ื ืขืฉื™ื ื›ื™ื•ื 11,000 ืกืจื˜ื™ ืคื•ืจื ื•.
03:40
So the effect, very quickly,
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ืื– ื”ืืคืงื˜, ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช,
03:42
is it's a new kind of arousal.
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ื”ื•ื ืฉืœ ืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ืžื”ื™ืจื”.
03:44
Boys' brains are being digitally rewired in a totally new way
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ืžื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื ืžื—ื•ื•ื˜ื™ื ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉื•ื ื” ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ
03:47
for change, novelty, excitement and constant arousal.
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ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™, ื—ื“ืฉื ื•ืช, ืจื™ื’ื•ืฉ ื•ืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ืชืžื™ื“ื™ืช.
03:50
That means they're totally out of sync in traditional classes,
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ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ืœื ืžืกื•ื ื›ืจื ื™ื ืขื ื”ืžืขืžื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ื™ื,
03:53
which are analog, static, interactively passive.
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ืฉื”ื ืื ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ื, ืกื˜ื˜ื™ื™ื, ื•ืคืกื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ืžืชื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื”.
03:55
They're also totally out of sync
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ื”ื ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ืœื ืžืกื•ื ื›ืจื ื™ื
03:57
in romantic relationships,
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ื‘ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืจื•ืžื ื˜ื™ื™ื,
03:59
which build gradually and subtly.
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ืฉื ื‘ื ื™ื ื‘ื”ื“ืจื’ื” ื•ื‘ืขื“ื™ื ื•ืช.
04:01
So what's the solution? It's not my job.
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ืื– ืžื” ื”ืคื™ืชืจื•ืŸ? ื–ื” ืœื ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™.
04:03
I'm here to alarm. It's your job to solve.
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ืื ื™ ืคื” ืœื”ืชืจื™ืข. ื–ื• ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ืฉืœื›ื ืœืคืชื•ืจ.
04:05
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
04:08
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
04:10
But who should care? The only people who should care about this
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืžื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื›ืคืช? ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื ืฉืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืžื–ื”
04:13
is parents of boys and girls,
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ื”ื ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื ื•ืช,
04:15
educators, gamers, filmmakers
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ืžื—ื ื›ื™ื, ื’ื™ื™ืžืจื™ื, ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ ืกืจื˜ื™ื
04:17
and women who would like a real man
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ื•ื ืฉื™ื ืฉืจื•ืฆื•ืช ื’ื‘ืจ ืืžื™ืชื™
04:19
who they can talk to, who can dance,
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ืฉื”ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืื™ืชื•, ืฉื™ื•ื“ืข ืœืจืงื•ื“,
04:21
who can make love slowly
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ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืื”ื‘ื” ืœืื˜
04:23
and contribute to the evolutionary pressures
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ื•ืœืชืจื•ื ืœืœื—ืฆื™ื ื”ืื‘ื•ืœื•ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื
04:25
to keep our species above banana slugs.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžื™ืŸ ืฉืœื ื• ืžืขืœ ื”ื—ืœื–ื•ื ื•ืช.
04:28
No offense to banana slug owners. Thank you.
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ื‘ืœื™ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ืœื–ื•ื ื•ืช. ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
04:30
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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