The surprising habits of original thinkers | Adam Grant | TED

Translator: Mario Cal Reviewer: Marta Lorenzo Carballo

Seven years ago, a student came to me and asked me to invest in his company.

Hai sete anos, un estudante veume ver para pedirme que investise na súa empresa.

He said, "I'm working with three friends,

Díxome: "Traballo con tres amigos,

and we're going to try to disrupt an industry by selling stuff online."

e imos tratar de rebentar un sector industrial coa venda en liña."

And I said, "OK, you guys spent the whole summer on this, right?"

Eu dixen: "Moi ben, pasastes todo o verán con isto, non?"

"No, we all took internships just in case it doesn't work out."

"Non, todos estivemos de prácticas, por se a cousa non sae ben."

"All right, but you're going to go in full time once you graduate."

"Xa, pero ídesvos pór a tempo completo, cando vos graduedes."

"Not exactly. We've all lined up backup jobs."

"Non exactamente. Todos temos preparado outro traballo por se acaso."

Six months go by,

Pasan seis meses,

it's the day before the company launches,

chega o día do lanzamento da empresa,

and there is still not a functioning website.

e non teñen aínda a páxina web en marcha.

"You guys realize, the entire company is a website.

"Vós decatádesvos de que toda a empresa é unha páxina web.

That's literally all it is."

Iso é literalmente todo o que é."

So I obviously declined to invest.

Así que loxicamente non investín.

And they ended up naming the company Warby Parker.

E ao final chamáronlle á empresa Warby Parker.

(Laughter)

(Risas)

They sell glasses online.

Venden gafas por internet.

They were recently recognized as the world's most innovative company

Hai pouco nomeárona a empresa máis innovadora do mundo

and valued at over a billion dollars.

e valorárona en máis de mil millóns de dólares.

And now? My wife handles our investments.

E agora? A miña muller leva os nosos investimentos.

Why was I so wrong?

Por que cometín un erro tan grande?

To find out, I've been studying people that I come to call "originals."

Para atopar a resposta, levo tempo estudando a persoas que chamo "orixinais".

Originals are nonconformists,

Os orixinais son inconformistas,

people who not only have new ideas

son persoas que non só teñen ideas novidosas

but take action to champion them.

senón que ademais actúan e loitan por elas.

They are people who stand out and speak up.

Son persoas que destacan e fanse oír.

Originals drive creativity and change in the world.

Os orixinais impulsan a creatividade e o cambio no mundo.

They're the people you want to bet on.

Son esas persoas polas que un desexa apostar.

And they look nothing like I expected.

E non se parecen en nada ao que eu esperaba.

I want to show you today three things I've learned

Hoxe quérovos amosar tres cousas que aprendín

about recognizing originals

sobre como recoñecer aos orixinais

and becoming a little bit more like them.

e comezar a parecerse un pouquiño máis a eles.

So the first reason that I passed on Warby Parker

A primeira razón pola que lle dixen non a Warby Parker

was they were really slow getting off the ground.

foi que tardaron moito en despegar.

Now, you are all intimately familiar with the mind of a procrastinator.

Todos estades ben familiarizados coa mente dun procrastinador.

Well, I have a confession for you. I'm the opposite. I'm a precrastinator.

Pois teño algo que confesarvos. Eu son o contrario: un precrastinador.

Yes, that's an actual term.

Si, o termo existe.

You know that panic you feel a few hours before a big deadline

Sabedes ese pánico que sintes cando a unhas horas dun prazo importante

when you haven't done anything yet.

aínda non fixeches nada.

I just feel that a few months ahead of time.

A min pásame con meses de antelación.

(Laughter)

(Risas)

So this started early: when I was a kid, I took Nintendo games very seriously.

Comezou axiña: cando era un neno tomaba a Nintendo moi en serio.

I would wake up at 5am,

Despertaba ás 5 da mañá,

start playing and not stop until I had mastered them.

comezaba cun xogo e non paraba ata dominalo.

Eventually it got so out of hand that a local newspaper came

Finalmente fóiseme das mans ata tal punto que un xornal local publicou

and did a story on the dark side of Nintendo, starring me.

unha historia sobre o lado escuro da Nintendo, comigo de protagonista.

(Laughter)

(Risas)

(Applause)

(Aplausos)

Since then, I have traded hair for teeth.

Desde entón, cambiei pelo por dentes.

(Laughter)

(Risas)

But this served me well in college,

Pero isto foime de moita utilidade na universidade,

because I finished my senior thesis four months before the deadline.

xa que rematei o proxecto final catro meses antes do prazo.

And I was proud of that, until a few years ago.

E estaba orgulloso diso ata hai uns anos.

I had a student named Jihae, who came to me and said,

Unha das miñas estudantes, Jihae, veume ver e díxome:

"I have my most creative ideas when I'm procrastinating."

"As ideas máis creativas véñenme cando estou procrastinando."

And I was like, "That's cute, where are the four papers you owe me?"

Contestei: "Iso está moi ben, pero onde están os catro ensaios que me debes?"

(Laughter)

(Risas)

No, she was one of our most creative students,

De feito era unha das estudantes máis creativas,

and as an organizational psychologist, this is the kind of idea that I test.

e como psicólogo organizacional, esta é a clase de ideas que analizo.

So I challenged her to get some data.

Así que desafieina a que recollese datos.

She goes into a bunch of companies.

Ela preséntase en varias empresas.

She has people fill out surveys about how often they procrastinate.

Pídelles aos empregados que cubran cuestionarios sobre canto procrastinan.

Then she gets their bosses to rate how creative and innovative they are.

Logo pídelles aos seus xefes que valoren o creativos e innovadores que son.

And sure enough, the precrastinators like me,

E efectivamente, os precrastinadores coma min,

who rush in and do everything early

que apuran e rematan todo cedo,

are rated as less creative

son valorados como menos creativos

than people who procrastinate moderately.

cós que procrastinan moderadamente.

So I want to know what happens to the chronic procrastinators.

Así que quixen saber que pasaba cos procrastinadores crónicos.

She was like, "I don't know. They didn't fill out my survey."

Ela respondeu: "Non o sei. Non cubriron o cuestionario."

(Laughter)

(Risas)

No, here are our results.

É broma. Estes son os resultados.

You actually do see that the people who wait until the last minute

De feito vemos que os que agardan ata o último minuto

are so busy goofing off that they don't have any new ideas.

están tan ocupados perdendo o tempo que non teñen ideas novas.

And on the flip side, the people who race in

No polo oposto, os que van a todo correr

are in such a frenzy of anxiety that they don't have original thoughts either.

padecen de tal ansiedade que tampouco teñen pensamentos orixinais.

There's a sweet spot where originals seem to live.

Existe unha zona ideal onde habitan os orixinais.

Why is this?

Por que pasa isto?

Maybe original people just have bad work habits.

Pode que a xente orixinal simplemente teña malos hábitos de traballo.

Maybe procrastinating does not cause creativity.

Pode que a procrastinación non sexa a causa da creatividade.

To find out, we designed some experiments.

Para comprobar isto, deseñamos varios experimentos.

We asked people to generate new business ideas,

Pedímoslles a unha serie de persoas que xerasen ideas empresariais,

and then we get independent readers

e logo buscamos lectores independentes

to evaluate how creative and useful they are.

que avaliasen a creatividade e a utilidade desas ideas.

And some of them are asked to do the task right away.

A algúns pediuselles que comezasen coa tarefa inmediatamente.

Others we randomly assign to procrastinate

A outros asignámolos ao chou ao grupo de procrastinadores

by dangling Minesweeper in front of them

poñéndolles diante o xogo do Buscaminas

for either five or 10 minutes.

durante cinco ou 10 minutos.

And sure enough, the moderate procrastinators

E en efecto, os procrastinadores moderados

are 16 percent more creative than the other two groups.

son o 16 por cento máis creativos cós outros dous grupos.

Now, Minesweeper is awesome, but it's not the driver of the effect,

Agora ben, o Buscaminas é fantástico, pero non é o que provoca ese efecto,

because if you play the game first before you learn about the task,

dado que se un se pon a xogar antes de coñecer a tarefa,

non se observa unha mellora da creatividade.

there's no creativity boost.

It's only when you're told that you're going to be working on this problem,

É só cando che din que vas traballar neste problema,

e logo ti comezas a procrastinar,

and then you start procrastinating,

pero a tarefa permanece activa na túa mente nun segundo plano,

but the task is still active in the back of your mind,

that you start to incubate.

entón é cando comezas a incubar.

Procrastination gives you time to consider divergent ideas,

A procrastinación dache tempo para contemplar ideas diverxentes,

to think in nonlinear ways, to make unexpected leaps.

para pensar de xeito non lineal e dar saltos inesperados.

So just as we were finishing these experiments,

Agora que estabamos rematando con estes experimentos,

I was starting to write a book about originals,

eu estaba comezando a escribir un libro sobre os orixinais,

and I thought, "This is the perfect time to teach myself to procrastinate,

e pensei: "É o momento perfecto para ensinarme a procrastinar,

ao tempo que escribo o capítulo sobre procrastinación."

while writing a chapter on procrastination."

So I metaprocrastinated,

Así que metaprocrastinei,

and like any self-respecting precrastinator,

e coma calquera procrastinador que se respecte,

I woke up early the next morning

erguinme cedo á mañá seguinte

and I made a to-do list with steps on how to procrastinate.

e fixen unha lista de pasos para procrastinar.

(Laughter)

(Risas)

And then I worked diligently

E traballei con dilixencia

toward my goal of not making progress toward my goal.

cara ao obxectivo de non avanzar cara ao meu obxectivo.

Comecei a redactar o capítulo sobre procrastinación,

I started writing the procrastination chapter,

and one day -- I was halfway through --

e un día -- cando ía pola metade --

I literally put it away in mid-sentence

literalmente deixeino a un lado á metade dunha frase

for months.

durante meses.

It was agony.

Foi angustioso.

But when I came back to it, I had all sorts of new ideas.

Pero cando voltei a el, tiña toda clase de ideas novas.

As Aaron Sorkin put it,

En palabras de Aaron Sorkin,

"You call it procrastinating. I call it thinking."

"Ti chámalo procrastinar. Eu chámoo pensar."

And along the way I discovered

E no proceso descubrín

that a lot of great originals in history were procrastinators.

que moitos dos orixinais da historia eran procrastinadores.

Take Leonardo da Vinci.

Leonardo da Vinci, sen ir máis lonxe.

He toiled on and off for 16 years

Peleou intermitentemente durante 16 anos

on the Mona Lisa.

coa Mona Lisa.

He felt like a failure.

Sentíase un fracasado.

He wrote as much in his journal.

Así o puso no seu diario.

But some of the diversions he took in optics

Pero algunhas das excursións que fixo pola Óptica

transformed the way that he modeled light

transformaron a súa concepción da luz

and made him into a much better painter.

e convertírono nun pintor mellor.

What about Martin Luther King, Jr.?

E que me dicides de Martin Luther King, Jr.?

The night before the biggest speech of his life,

A noite antes do discurso máis importante da súa vida,

the March on Washington,

o da Marcha sobre Washington,

he was up past 3am, rewriting it.

estivo esperto ata máis das 3 da mañá, reescribíndoo.

He's sitting in the audience waiting for his turn to go onstage,

Está sentado entre o público, agardando a súa quenda

and he is still scribbling notes and crossing out lines.

e aínda sigue engadindo notas e riscando liñas.

When he gets onstage, 11 minutes in,

Cando sube ao estrado e leva falando 11 minutos,

he leaves his prepared remarks

deixa as súas notas

to utter four words that changed the course of history:

e pronuncia unhas palabras que mudaron o rumbo da historia:

"I have a dream."

"Teño un soño"

That was not in the script.

Aquilo non estaba no guion.

By delaying the task of finalizing the speech until the very last minute,

Ao atrasar a finalización do discurso ata o último minuto,

he left himself open to the widest range of possible ideas.

deixou aberta a porta a unha serie amplísima de ideas posibles.

And because the text wasn't set in stone,

E como o texto non era inamovible,

he had freedom to improvise.

tivo liberdade para improvisar.

Procrastinating is a vice when it comes to productivity,

Procrastinar é un vicio cando falamos de produtividade,

but it can be a virtue for creativity.

pero pode ser unha virtude para a creatividade.

What you see with a lot of great originals

O que vemos en moitos dos grandes orixinais

is that they are quick to start but they're slow to finish.

é que comezan rápido pero tardan en rematar.

And this is what I missed with Warby Parker.

E iso é o que eu pasei por alto con Warby Parker.

When they were dragging their heels for six months,

Cando eles postergaron o tema durante seis meses,

I looked at them and said,

mireinos e díxenlles:

"Veredes, moitas outras empresas están comezando a vender gafas por internet."

"You know, a lot of other companies are starting to sell glasses online."

They missed the first-mover advantage.

Eles perderon a vantaxe de ser os primeiros.

But what I didn't realize was they were spending all that time

Pero do que non me decatara é de que dedicaban todo ese tempo

trying to figure out how to get people

a tratar de descubrir como facer

que a xente se sentise cómoda encargando gafas en liña.

to be comfortable ordering glasses online.

And it turns out the first-mover advantage is mostly a myth.

E resulta que esa vantaxe do primeiro e, en boa medida, un mito.

Look at a classic study of over 50 product categories,

Fixádevos nun estudo clásico de máis de 50 categorías de produtos,

comparing the first movers who created the market

no que se comparan os pioneiros que crearon o mercado

with the improvers who introduced something different and better.

cos que despois introduciron un produto diferente e mellorado.

What you see is that the first movers had a failure rate of 47 percent,

O que atopamos é que o índice de fracaso dos pioneiros é do 47 por cento,

compared with only 8 percent for the improvers.

en comparación con só o 8 por cento dos que melloraron o produto.

Look at Facebook, waiting to build a social network

Fixádevos en Facebook, que construíu a súa rede social

until after Myspace and Friendster.

despois de Myspace e Friendster.

Look at Google, waiting for years after Altavista and Yahoo.

Fixádevos en Google, que veu anos despois de Altavista e Yahoo.

It's much easier to improve on somebody else's idea

É moito máis doado mellorar a idea doutro

than it is to create something new from scratch.

que crear algo novo partindo de cero.

So the lesson I learned is that to be original you don't have to be first.

A lección é que para ser orixinal non fai falla ser o primeiro.

You just have to be different and better.

Só se necesita ser diferente e mellor.

Pero ese non foi o único motivo polo que non aceptei a proposta de Warby Parker.

But that wasn't the only reason I passed on Warby Parker.

They were also full of doubts.

Tiñan ademais moitas dúbidas.

They had backup plans lined up,

Tiñan preparados plans alternativos,

and that made me doubt that they had the courage to be original,

e iso fíxome dubidar de que tivesen coraxe para ser orixinais,

because I expected that originals would look something like this.

porque eu esperaba que os orixinais fosen máis ben así.

(Laughter)

(Risas)

Now, on the surface,

A primeira vista,

moitos orixinais parecen moi seguros de si mesmos,

a lot of original people look confident,

but behind the scenes,

pero entre bastidores

they feel the same fear and doubt that the rest of us do.

teñen os mesmos medos e dúbidas có resto de nós.

Simplemente enfréntanse a iso de forma diferente.

They just manage it differently.

Let me show you: this is a depiction

Demostraréivolo: Este esquema representa

of how the creative process works for most of us.

como funciona o proceso creativo para a maioría de nós.

(Laughter)

(Risas)

Ben, nas miñas investigacións descubrín que hai dúas clases de dúbida.

Now, in my research, I discovered there are two different kinds of doubt.

There's self-doubt and idea doubt.

A dúbida sobre un mesmo e a dúbida sobre unha idea.

Self-doubt is paralyzing.

A dúbida sobre un mesmo é paralizante.

It leads you to freeze.

Lévanos ao bloqueo.

But idea doubt is energizing.

Pero a dúbida sobre unha idea é vigorizante.

It motivates you to test, to experiment, to refine,

Motívanos a probar, a experimentar, a perfeccionar,

just like MLK did.

tal e como fixo M. Luther King.

And so the key to being original

Así que a clave para ser orixinal

is just a simple thing

é a simple cuestión

of avoiding the leap from step three to step four.

de evitar dar o salto do paso tres ao catro.

Instead of saying, "I'm crap,"

No canto de dicir: "non vallo para nada"

you say, "The first few drafts are always crap,

dicimos: "Os primeiros borradores nunca valen,

and I'm just not there yet."

e aínda non logrei o que busco."

So how do you get there?

Que hai que facer para logralo?

Well, there's a clue, it turns out,

Pois, según parece, danos unha pista

in the Internet browser that you use.

o navegador que usades.

Pódese predicir o noso rendemento no traballo e a nosa implicación

We can predict your job performance and your commitment

just by knowing what web browser you use.

simplemente sabendo que navegador usamos.

Now, some of you are not going to like the results of this study --

A algúns non vos van gustar os resultados deste estudo.

(Laughter)

(Risas)

But there is good evidence that Firefox and Chrome users

Pero hai probas de que os usuarios de Firefox e Chrome

significantly outperform Internet Explorer and Safari users.

superan significativamente aos de Internet Explorer e Safari.

Yes.

Si.

(Applause)

(Aplausos)

They also stay in their jobs 15 percent longer, by the way.

Ademais que quedarse no seu posto un 15 por cento máis de tempo, por certo.

Why? It's not a technical advantage.

Por que? Non é unha vantaxe técnica.

The four browser groups on average have similar typing speed

Os catro grupos de usuarios teclean a unha velocidade media similar

and they also have similar levels of computer knowledge.

e teñen niveis semellantes de coñecementos informáticos.

It's about how you got the browser.

Ten que ver con como se obtivo o navegador.

Because if you use Internet Explorer or Safari,

Porque se usades Internet Explorer ou Safari,

those came preinstalled on your computer,

eses veñen preinstalados,

and you accepted the default option that was handed to you.

e é que aceptastes a opción por defecto que vos chegou.

If you wanted Firefox or Chrome, you had to doubt the default

Se preferistes Firefox ou Chrome, cuestionastes a que viña por defecto,

and ask, is there a different option out there,

e preguntastes se existía unha opción diferente,

and then be a little resourceful and download a new browser.

fostes un pouquiño enxeñosos e descargastes un novo navegador.

So people hear about this study and they're like,

Algúns que oen falar do estudo din:

"Great, if I want to get better at my job, I just need to upgrade my browser?"

"Xenial, se quero mellorar no choio só teño que actualizar o navegador?"

(Laughter)

(Risas)

No, it's about being the kind of person

Non, trátase de ser o tipo de persoa

que toma a iniciativa de cuestionar a opción por defecto

who takes the initiative to doubt the default

and look for a better option.

e buscar outra mellor.

And if you do that well,

E se o fas como é debido,

you will open yourself up to the opposite of déjà vu.

poderás experimentar o contrario dun déjà vu.

There's a name for it. It's called vuja de.

Ten nome. Chámase "vuja de".

(Laughter)

(Risas)

Vuja de is when you look at something you've seen many times before

O vuja de é cando miras algo que xa viras moitas veces

and all of a sudden see it with fresh eyes.

e, de repente, velo con novos ollos.

It's a screenwriter who looks at a movie script

É o caso dunha guionista que revisa un guion de cine

that can't get the green light for more than half a century.

que leva máis de cincuenta anos sen recibir luz verde.

In every past version, the main character has been an evil queen.

En todas as versións anteriores, a protagonista era unha raíña malvada.

But Jennifer Lee starts to question whether that makes sense.

Pero Jennifer Lee comeza a cuestionarse se iso ten sentido.

She rewrites the first act,

Reescribe o primeiro acto,

reinvents the villain as a tortured hero

reinventa o vilán como heroe torturado

and Frozen becomes the most successful animated movie ever.

e Frozen convírtese na película de animación de máis éxito da historia.

So there's a simple message from this story.

A mensaxe desta historia é clara.

When you feel doubt, don't let it go.

Cando teñas dúbidas, "non o soltes".

(Laughter)

(Risas)

What about fear?

E que hai do medo?

Originals feel fear, too.

Os orixinais tamén sinten medo.

They're afraid of failing,

Teñen medo a fracasar,

but what sets them apart from the rest of us

pero o que os diferencia do resto de nós

is that they're even more afraid of failing to try.

é que teñen aínda máis medo de non intentalo.

They know you can fail by starting a business that goes bankrupt

Saben que podemos fracasar por montar unha empresa que vai á ruína

or by failing to start a business at all.

ou por simplemente non montar nada.

They know that in the long run, our biggest regrets are not our actions

Saben que a longo prazo, o que máis lamentaremos non son as nosas accións

but our inactions.

senón a nosa inacción.

The things we wish we could redo, if you look at the science,

As cousas que nos gustaría corrixir, se nos fixamos nos estudos,

are the chances not taken.

son as oportunidades desaproveitadas.

Elon Musk told me recently, he didn't expect Tesla to succeed.

Elon Musk contoume hai pouco que non esperaba que Tesla tivese éxito.

He was sure the first few SpaceX launches

E estaba convencido de que os primeiros lanzamentos de SpaceX

would fail to make it to orbit, let alone get back,

non lograrían entrar en órbita, nin, por suposto, voltar á Terra,

but it was too important not to try.

pero eran demasiado importantes como para non intentalo.

And for so many of us, when we have an important idea,

Moitos de nós, cando temos unha idea importante,

we don't bother to try.

nin nos molestamos en intentalo.

But I have some good news for you.

Pero teño boas novas para vós.

You are not going to get judged on your bad ideas.

Non vos van xulgar polas malas ideas que teñades.

A lot of people think they will.

Moitos pensan que si.

If you look across industries

Se miramos en todos os sectores industriais

and ask people about their biggest idea, their most important suggestion,

e lle preguntamos á xente pola súa idea ou proposta máis importante,

85 percent of them stayed silent instead of speaking up.

o 85 por cento quedaron calados no canto de expoñela.

They were afraid of embarrassing themselves, of looking stupid.

Tiveron medo de facer o ridículo ou parecer estúpidos.

But guess what? Originals have lots and lots of bad ideas,

Pero sabedes que? Os orixinais teñen moreas de malas ideas,

tons of them, in fact.

toneladas delas, de feito.

Take the guy who invented this.

Pensade no que inventou isto.

Do you care that he came up with a talking doll so creepy

Importa moito que se lle ocorrese unha boneca parlante tan horrible

that it scared not only kids but adults, too?

que asustaba a nenos e adultos por igual?

No. You celebrate Thomas Edison for pioneering the light bulb.

Non. Eloxiamos a Thomas Edison por inventar a lámpada.

(Laughter)

(Risas)

If you look across fields,

En todos os sectores,

the greatest originals are the ones who fail the most,

os máis orixinais son os que máis fallan,

because they're the ones who try the most.

porque son os que máis o intentan.

Take classical composers, the best of the best.

Pensade nos compositores clásicos, os mellores dos mellores.

Why do some of them get more pages in encyclopedias than others

Por que ocupan uns máis páxinas nas enciclopedias ca outros?

and also have their compositions rerecorded more times?

e por que se gravan máis veces as súas composicións?

Un dos indicadores máis fiables

One of the best predictors

is the sheer volume of compositions that they generate.

é o volume total de composicións que xeran.

The more output you churn out, the more variety you get

Canto máis produces, máis variedade obtés

and the better your chances of stumbling on something truly original.

e máis posibilidades tes de dar con algo verdadeiramente orixinal.

Even the three icons of classical music -- Bach, Beethoven, Mozart --

As tres grandes figuras da música clásica --Bach, Beethoven, Mozart--

had to generate hundreds and hundreds of compositions

tamén tiveron que xerar centos e centos de composicións

to come up with a much smaller number of masterpieces.

para reunir un número moito máis pequeno de obras maestras.

Now, you may be wondering,

Preguntarédesvos:

how did this guy become great without doing a whole lot?

Como acadou este tío a grandeza sen facer moitas cousas?

I don't know how Wagner pulled that off.

Eu non sei como o logrou Wagner?

But for most of us, if we want to be more original,

Pero para a maioría de nós, se queremos ser máis orixinais,

we have to generate more ideas.

temos que xerar máis ideas.

The Warby Parker founders, when they were trying to name their company,

Cando os fundadores de Warby Parker buscaban un nome para a empresa,

they needed something sophisticated, unique, with no negative associations

necesitaban algo sofisticado, único, sen asociacións negativas

to build a retail brand,

para crear unha marca de distribución,

and they tested over 2,000 possibilities

e probaron máis de 2.000 posibilidades

before they finally put together

antes de idear finalmente

Warby and Parker.

Warby and Parker.

So if you put all this together, what you see is that originals

Así que se xuntamos todo isto, vemos que os orixinais

are not that different from the rest of us.

non son tan diferentes do resto de nós.

They feel fear and doubt. They procrastinate.

Teñen medo e dúbidas. Procrastinan.

They have bad ideas.

Teñen malas ideas.

And sometimes, it's not in spite of those qualities but because of them

E en ocasións, non é a pesar desas cualidades, senón grazas a elas

that they succeed.

que teñen éxito.

Por tanto, cando as teñades diante non cometades o mesmo erro ca min.

So when you see those things, don't make the same mistake I did.

Don't write them off.

Non as desbotedes.

And when that's you, don't count yourself out either.

E cando se trata de vós, non vos descartedes tampouco.

Know that being quick to start but slow to finish

Lembrade que comezar rápido pero ser lentos en rematar

can boost your creativity,

pode estimular a vosa creatividade,

that you can motivate yourself by doubting your ideas

que podedes motivarvos dubidando das vosas ideas

and embracing the fear of failing to try,

e aceptando o medo a non intentalo

and that you need a lot of bad ideas in order to get a few good ones.

e que son necesarias moitas malas ideas para ter algunhas boas.

Look, being original is not easy,

Mirade, ser orixinal non é doado,

but I have no doubt about this:

pero non me cabe dúbida disto:

it's the best way to improve the world around us.

É a maneira idónea de mellorar o mundo que nos rodea.

Thank you.

Grazas

(Applause)

(Aplausos)