Atheism 2.0 | Alain de Botton

Translator: Nela Kacmarcik Reviewer: Mislav Ante Omazić - EFZG

One of the most common ways of dividing the world

Jedan od najraširenijih načina za podjelu svijeta

is into those who believe

je podjela na one koji vjeruju

and those who don't --

i one koji ne vjeruju --

into the religious and the atheists.

na vjernike i ateiste.

And for the last decade or so,

Tokom posljednjih desetak godina,

it's been quite clear

postalo je veoma jasno

what being an atheist means.

šta znači biti ateista.

There have been some very vocal atheists

Bilo je veoma glasnih ateista

who've pointed out,

koji su tvrdili,

not just that religion is wrong,

ne samo da je religija u krivu,

but that it's ridiculous.

nego da je vrijedna podsmijeha.

These people, many of whom have lived in North Oxford,

Ti ljudi, od kojih je većina živjela u sjevernom dijelu Oxforda,

have argued --

tvrdili su -

they've argued that believing in God

tvrdili su da vjerovanje u Boga

is akin to believing in fairies

je u stvari zahtjev za vjerovanje u bajke

and essentially that the whole thing

i da je suštinski

is a childish game.

cijelo to pitanje u stvari samo dječija igra.

Now I think it's too easy.

Sad, ja tvrdim da bi to bilo prejednostavno.

I think it's too easy

Bilo bi suviše jednostavno

to dismiss the whole of religion that way.

odbaciti religiju samo tako.

And it's as easy as shooting fish in a barrel.

Jednostavno kao upucati ribu u koritu.

And what I'd like to inaugurate today

I ono što bih želio uvesti danas

is a new way of being an atheist --

je novi način prakticiranja ateizma --

if you like, a new version of atheism

odnosno, ako tako želite, nova verzija ateizma

we could call Atheism 2.0.

koju bismo nazvali Ateizam 2.0.

Now what is Atheism 2.0?

Dakle, šta je Ateizam 2.0.?

Well it starts from a very basic premise:

Naime, počinje osnovnom pretpostavkom:

of course, there's no God.

naravno da Bog ne postoji.

Of course, there are no deities or supernatural spirits

Naravno, ne postoje božanstva ili nadnaravne sile

or angels, etc.

ili anđeli i tome slično.

Now let's move on; that's not the end of the story,

Idemo dalje; to nije kraj priče,

that's the very, very beginning.

to je tek sami početak.

I'm interested in the kind of constituency

Zanima me takva vrsta sljedbenika

that thinks something along these lines:

koji ovako razmišljaju:

that thinks, "I can't believe in any of this stuff.

koja misli, "Ne mogu vjerovati ni u šta od toga.

I can't believe in the doctrines.

Ne mogu vjerovati u doktrine.

I don't think these doctrines are right.

Ne mislim da su doktrine ispravne.

But," a very important but, "I love Christmas carols.

Ali "veoma važno ali," sviđaju mi se božićne pjesme.

I really like the art of Mantegna.

Veoma mi se sviđa umjetnost Mantegna.

I really like looking at old churches.

Volim razgledati stare crkve.

I really like turning the pages of the Old Testament."

Volim listati stranice Starog zavjeta."

Whatever it may be,

Šta god to bilo,

you know the kind of thing I'm talking about --

znate o kojoj vrsti stvari govorim --

people who are attracted to the ritualistic side,

ljudi koji su privučeni ritualističkom stranom,

the moralistic, communal side of religion,

moralističkom, društvenom stranom religije,

but can't bear the doctrine.

ali ne mogu prihvatiti doktrinu.

Until now, these people have faced a rather unpleasant choice.

Sve do sada, pred njima je bio prilično neprijatan izbor.

It's almost as though either you accept the doctrine

Izbor težak gotovo kao ili prihvatate dogmu

and then you can have all the nice stuff,

i onda možete uživati u svim lijepim stvarima,

or you reject the doctrine and

ili ćete odbaciti doktrinu i

you're living in some kind of spiritual wasteland

biti prepušteni nekoj vrsti duhovne praznine

under the guidance of CNN and Walmart.

u kojoj preovladavaju CNN i Walmart.

So that's a sort of tough choice.

To je ta vrsta teškog izbora.

I don't think we have to make that choice.

Ne mislim da moramo birati na taj način.

I think there is an alternative.

Mislim da postoji alternativa.

I think there are ways --

Mislim da postoje načini --

and I'm being both very respectful and completely impious --

sada sam i pun poštovanja i potpuno bezbožan --

of stealing from religions.

da se od religija nešto ukrade.

If you don't believe in a religion,

Ako ne vjerujete u religiju,

there's nothing wrong with picking and mixing,

onda nema ništa loše u biranju i miješanju,

with taking out the best sides of religion.

uzimajući od religija ono najbolje.

And for me, atheism 2.0

I za mene, ateizam 2.0. je

is about both, as I say,

istovremeno, kako ja to kažem,

a respectful and an impious way

način pun poštovanja i istovremeno nevjernički,

of going through religions and saying, "What here could we use?"

da se preispitaju religije s pitanje, "Šta se ovdje može iskoristiti?"

The secular world is full of holes.

Sekularni svijet je pun praznina.

We have secularized badly, I would argue.

Rekao bih da smo previše sekularni.

And a thorough study of religion

I detaljna studija religije

could give us all sorts of insights

mogla bi nam dati odgovore

into areas of life that are not going too well.

o područjima koja nisu sasvim uspješna.

And I'd like to run through a few of these today.

I želio bih proći kroz neke od njih danas.

I'd like to kick off by looking at education.

Želio bih početi sa obrazovanjem.

Now education is a field

Dakle, obrazovanje je oblast u koju

the secular world really believes in.

sekularni svijet zaista vjeruje.

When we think about how we're going to make the world a better place,

Kad želimo popraviti svijet,

we think education; that's where we put a lot of money.

mi mislimo na edukaciju; u nju ulažemo mnogo novca.

Education is going to give us, not only commercial skills, industrial skills,

Edukacija nam neće dati samo komercijalne, industrijske vještine

it's also going to make us better people.

nego ća nas učiniti boljim ljudima.

You know the kind of thing a commencement address is, and graduation ceremonies,

Poznati su nam momenti poput promocija, dodjela diploma

those lyrical claims

sva ta lirska obećanja

that education, the process of education -- particularly higher education --

da će nas proces obrazovanja, posebno visokog

will make us into nobler and better human beings.

učiniti boljim i plemenitijim ljudima.

That's a lovely idea.

To je divna ideja.

Interesting where it came from.

Zanimljivo je odakle potiče.

In the early 19th century,

Početkom 19. vijeka

church attendance in Western Europe

u Zapadnoj Evropi prisustvo u crkvama

started sliding down very, very sharply, and people panicked.

počelo je naglo opadati i ljudi su se uspaničili.

They asked themselves the following question.

Zapitali su se sljedeće pitanje.

They said, where are people going to find the morality,

Pitali su se gdje će ljudi pronaći moral,

where are they going to find guidance,

gdje će pronaći usmjerenja,

and where are they going to find sources of consolation?

gdje će naći izvore utjehe?

And influential voices came up with one answer.

Uticajni glasovi jednoglasno su ponudili odgovor.

They said culture.

Rekli su: kultura.

It's to culture that we should look

U kulturi trebamo tražiti

for guidance, for consolation, for morality.

usmjerenja, utjehu, moralnost.

Let's look to the plays of Shakespeare,

Pogledajmo djela Shakespearea,

the dialogues of Plato, the novels of Jane Austen.

Platonove dijaloge, novele Jane Austen.

In there, we'll find a lot of the truths

U njima ćemo naći mnogo istine

that we might previously have found in the Gospel of Saint John.

koju smo ranije pronalazili u evanđelju Svetog Ivana.

Now I think that's a very beautiful idea and a very true idea.

Mislim da je to predivna i istovremeno realna ideja.

They wanted to replace scripture with culture.

Željeli su nadomjestiti svete knjige kulturom.

And that's a very plausible idea.

I to je prilično ostvariva ideja.

It's also an idea that we have forgotten.

I to je ideja koju smo zaboravili.

If you went to a top university --

Ako ste pohađali vrhunski univerzitet --

let's say you went to Harvard or Oxford or Cambridge --

recimo, ako ste otišli na Oxford ili Cambridge --

and you said, "I've come here

sa izjavom, "Ovdje sam u potrazi

because I'm in search of morality, guidance and consolation;

za moralom, usmjerenjem i utjehom;

I want to know how to live,"

želim znati kako da živim,"

they would show you the way to the insane asylum.

uputili bi vas u umobolnicu.

This is simply not what our grandest and best institutes of higher learning

To jednostavno nije ono čime se najbolje visokoškolske

are in the business of.

institucije bave.

Why? They don't think we need it.

Zašto? Oni ne misle da je to nama potrebno.

They don't think we are in an urgent need of assistance.

Oni ne misle da je nama hitno potrebna asistencija.

They see us as adults, rational adults.

Oni smatraju da smo mi odrasli, racionalna bića.

What we need is information.

To što trebamo je informacija.

We need data, we don't need help.

Trebaju nam podaci, ne treba nam pomoć.

Now religions start from a very different place indeed.

Religije polaze od drugačije pretpostavke.

All religions, all major religions,

Sve religije, najveće religije,

at various points call us children.

zovu nas djecom tu i tamo.

And like children,

I baš kao i djeca,

they believe that we are in severe need of assistance.

religije vjeruju da imamo ozbiljnu potrebu za pomoći.

We're only just holding it together.

Jedva se snalazimo.

Perhaps this is just me, maybe you.

Možda sam samo ja takav, možda i vi,

But anyway, we're only just holding it together.

ali ipak, možda se svi mi tek jedna snalazimo.

And we need help. Of course, we need help.

I pomoć nam je potrebna. Naravno da nam treba pomoć.

And so we need guidance and we need didactic learning.

Kao što nam je potrebno i usmjerenje i nauk.

You know, in the 18th century in the U.K.,

Znamo da je u 18. vijeku u Velikoj Britaniji

the greatest preacher, greatest religious preacher, was a man called John Wesley,

najveći propodvjednik bio čovjek koji se zvao John Wesley,

who went up and down this country delivering sermons,

koji je obilazio zemlju držeći propovijedi

advising people how they could live.

savjetujući ljude kako da žive.

He delivered sermons on the duties of parents to their children

Propovijedao je o dužnosti roditelja prema djeci

and children to their parents,

i djece prema roditeljima,

the duties of the rich to the poor and the poor to the rich.

dužnosti bogatih prema siromašnima i siromašnih prema bogatima.

He was trying to tell people how they should live

Savjetovao je ljude kako da žive

through the medium of sermons,

koristeći medij propovijedanja,

the classic medium of delivery of religions.

klasični medij širenja vjere.

Now we've given up with the idea of sermons.

Odustali smo od ideje propovijedanja.

If you said to a modern liberal individualist,

Ako biste danas modernom liberalnom individualisti

"Hey, how about a sermon?"

ponudili propovijed

they'd go, "No, no. I don't need one of those.

rekao bi: "Ne, ne, meni to ne treba."

I'm an independent, individual person."

"Ja sam neovisna jedinka."

What's the difference between a sermon

U čemu je razlika propovijedi

and our modern, secular mode of delivery, the lecture?

i modernog, sekularnog načina - predavanja?

Well a sermon wants to change your life

Dakle, u tome što propovijed želi promijeniti vaš život

and a lecture wants to give you a bit of information.

a predavanja želi dati neke informacije.

And I think we need to get back to that sermon tradition.

Mislim da se trebamo vratiti tradiciji propovijedi.

The tradition of sermonizing is hugely valuable,

Tradicija propovijedanja je visoko vrijedna.

because we are in need of guidance,

jer nam je potrebno usmjerenje,

morality and consolation --

moralnost i utjeha -

and religions know that.

i religije to znaju.

Another point about education:

Dalje, kad govorimo o obrazovanju:

we tend to believe in the modern secular world

u modernom sekularnom svijetu težimo vjerovanju

that if you tell someone something once, they'll remember it.

da, kad nekom nešto kažemo jednom, to će se i zapamtiti.

Sit them in a classroom, tell them about Plato

Poredaj ih u učionicu, ispričaj o Platonu

at the age of 20, send them out for a career in management consultancy for 40 years,

dok imaju 20 godina, neka nakon toga nastave karijeru kao poslovni savjetnici 40 godina

and that lesson will stick with them.

i ta lekcija će ostati s njima zauvijek.

Religions go, "Nonsense.

Religije na to kažu: "Besmislica.

You need to keep repeating the lesson 10 times a day.

Lekcija se mora ponoviti deset puta na dan.

So get on your knees and repeat it."

Zato, na koljena i ponavljaj."

That's what all religions tell us:

Zato nam religije govore:

"Get on you knees and repeat it 10 or 20 or 15 times a day."

"klekni i ponavljaj 10 ili 15 puta dnevno."

Otherwise our minds are like sieves.

Očito je naša pamet kao sito.

So religions are cultures of repetition.

Stoga su religije kulture ponavljanja.

They circle the great truths again and again and again.

One se vrte oko velikih istina iznova i iznova.

We associate repetition with boredom.

Naša asocijacija ponavljanja je dosada.

"Give us the new," we're always saying.

"Daj nam nešto novo," uvijek govorimo.

"The new is better than the old."

"Novo je bolje od starog."

If I said to you, "Okay, we're not going to have new TED.

Kada bih vam rekao, "Nećemo imati novi TED.

We're just going to run through all the old ones

Samo ćemo pregledati sve stare

and watch them five times because they're so true.

i ponoviti svaku pet puta jer su tako istinite.

We're going to watch Elizabeth Gilbert five times

Gledaćemo Elizabeth Gilbert pet puta

because what she says is so clever," you'd feel cheated.

jer je to što ona govori tako pametno," - vi biste se osjećali prevareno.

Not so if you're adopting a religious mindset.

Osim kada biste prihvatili religiozni način razmišljanja.

The other things that religions do

Sljedeće u čemu je religija jako dobra

is to arrange time.

je planiranje vremena.

All the major religions give us calendars.

Sve velike religije daju nam kalendare.

What is a calendar?

Šta je kalendar?

A calendar is a way of making sure that across the year

Kalendar je način osiguranja da tokom godine

you will bump into certain very important ideas.

susretnemo određene veoma važne ideje.

In the Catholic chronology, Catholic calendar,

U hronologiji po katoličkom kalendaru

at the end of March you will think about St. Jerome

na kraju marta pomislićete na svetog Jeronima

and his qualities of humility and goodness

i njegove kvalitete skromnosti i dobrote

and his generosity to the poor.

i velikodušnosti prema sirotinji.

You won't do that by accident; you will do that because you are guided to do that.

Ne biste to učinili slučajno, nego jer ste usmjereni ka tome.

Now we don't think that way.

Danas ne razmišljamo tako više.

In the secular world we think, "If an idea is important, I'll bump into it.

U sekularnom svijetu mi mislimo, "ako je ideja važna, sjetiću je se.

I'll just come across it."

Naići ću na nju."

Nonsense, says the religious world view.

Besmislice, kaže religioni pogled na svijet.

Religious view says we need calendars, we need to structure time,

Religije kažu da su nam kalendari potrebni da oblikujemo vrijeme,

we need to synchronize encounters.

moramo uskladiti susrete.

This comes across also

Ovo je takođe vidljivo

in the way in which religions set up rituals

i u načinu kako su religije postavile rituale

around important feelings.

u vezi sa važnim osjećajima.

Take the Moon. It's really important to look at the Moon.

Mjesec, na primjer. Važno je gledati u Mjesec.

You know, when you look at the Moon,

Znaš, kada gledaš u Mjesec,

you think, "I'm really small. What are my problems?"

pomisliš: "Veoma sam mali. Šta su moji problemi?"

It sets things into perspective, etc., etc.

To postavlja stvari na pravo mjesto i tako dalje.

We should all look at the Moon a bit more often. We don't.

Trebali bismo gledati u Mjesec češće, što mi ne činimo.

Why don't we? Well there's nothing to tell us, "Look at the Moon."

A zašto? Pa ništa nam ne govori: "Gledaj u Mjesec."

But if you're a Zen Buddhist in the middle of September,

Ali, ako ste zen budista, sredinom septembra,

you will be ordered out of your home, made to stand on a canonical platform

biće vam naređeno da izađete iz kuće, stanete na kanoničku platformu

and made to celebrate the festival of Tsukimi,

i da slavite festival Tsukimi

where you will be given poems to read

biće vam date poeme za čitanje

in honor of the Moon and the passage of time

u slavu Mjeseca i prolaznosti vremena

and the frailty of life that it should remind us of.

i slabosti života koji je pred nama.

You'll be handed rice cakes.

Dobićete rižine kolačiće.

And the Moon and the reflection on the Moon

A Mjesec i razmišljanje o Mjesecu

will have a secure place in your heart.

će imati sigurno mjesto u vašem srcu.

That's very good.

To je veoma dobro.

The other thing that religions are really aware of

Ostale stvari o kojima nas religije uče su

is: speak well --

dobro govorništvo -

I'm not doing a very good job of this here --

Iako nisam baš najbolji primjer ovdje -

but oratory, oratory is absolutely key to religions.

ali oratorstvo, govornička vještina je ključna za religiju.

In the secular world, you can come through the university system and be a lousy speaker

U sekularnom svijetu, možete proći univerzitetsko obrazovanje,

and still have a great career.

loše govoriti, a ipak imati sjajnu karijeru.

But the religious world doesn't think that way.

Ali svijet religije ne misli tako.

What you're saying needs to be backed up

Ono što govorite mora biti potkrijepljeno

by a really convincing way of saying it.

veoma uvjerljivim umjećem govora.

So if you go to an African-American Pentecostalist church

Tako, ako odete u afro-američku Pentecostalist crkvu

in the American South

na američkom Jugu

and you listen to how they talk,

i ako slušate šta govore,

my goodness, they talk well.

zaboga, baš dobro govore.

After every convincing point, people will go, "Amen, amen, amen."

Nakon svake uvjerljive poente, ljudi odgovaraju "Amen, amen, amen."

At the end of a really rousing paragraph, they'll all stand up,

A na kraju veoma inspirativnog pasusa, oni će ustati,

and they'll go, "Thank you Jesus, thank you Christ, thank you Savior."

i reći, "Hvala Isusu, Hvala Kristu, Hvala Spasitelju."

If we were doing it like they do it --

Kada bismo ovdje to radili -

let's not do it, but if we were to do it --

ipak nemojmo, ali kada bismo -

I would tell you something like, "Culture should replace scripture."

ja bih vama rekao nešto kao, "Kultura treba zamijeniti svete knjige."

And you would go, "Amen, amen, amen."

A vi biste odgovorili "Amen, amen, amen."

And at the end of my talk, you would all stand up

A na kraju mog govora, svi biste ustali

and you would go, "Thank you Plato, thank you Shakespeare, thank you Jane Austen."

i ponavljali "Hvala Platone, hvala Shakespeare, hvala Jane Austen."

And we'd know that we had a real rhythm going.

I znali bismo da smo dobro započeli ritam.

All right, all right. We're getting there. We're getting there.

Dobo, dobro, napredujemo...napredujemo...

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

The other thing that religions know is we're not just brains,

Nadalje, religije znaju da nemamo samo mozak,

we are also bodies.

nego i tijelo.

And when they teach us a lesson,

I kada nas uče,

they do it via the body.

one koriste tijelo.

So for example,

Tako, na primjer,

take the Jewish idea of forgiveness.

uzmimo Jevrejsku ideju oprosta.

Jews are very interested in forgiveness

Jevreji su veoma zainteresirani za oprost

and how we should start anew and start afresh.

i kako da počnu ispočetka.

They don't just deliver us sermons on this.

Propovijedi o tome nisu dovoljne.

They don't just give us books or words about this.

oni ne daju samo knjige o tome.

They tell us to have a bath.

Oni savjetuju da se okupamo.

So in Orthodox Jewish communities, every Friday you go to a Mikveh.

Tako u tradicionalnoj Jevrejskoj zajednici svaki petak idete na Mikveh.

You immerse yourself in the water,

Uronite u vodu.

and a physical action backs up a philosophical idea.

i fizička aktivnost potkrepljuje filozofsku ideju.

We don't tend to do that.

Mi to ne radimo tako.

Our ideas are in one area and our behavior with our bodies is in another.

Naše ideje su jedno, a tjelesno ponašanje nešto drugo.

Religions are fascinating in the way they try and combine the two.

Fascinira način kako religije uspjevaju povezati oboje.

Let's look at art now.

Pogledajmo sada umjetnost.

Now art is something that in the secular world,

Umjetnost je nešto o čemu u sekularnom svijetu

we think very highly of. We think art is really, really important.

imamo visoko mišljenje. Mislimo da je umjetnost jako važna.

A lot of our surplus wealth goes to museums, etc.

Dobar dio viške vrijednosti ulaže se u muzeje itd.

We sometimes hear it said

Ponekad čujemo

that museums are our new cathedrals, or our new churches.

da su muzeji naše nove katedrale, naše nove crkve.

You've heard that saying.

Sigurno ste čuli tako nešto.

Now I think that the potential is there,

Mislim da tu ima potencijala,

but we've completely let ourselves down.

ali smo sami sebe potpuno iznevjerili.

And the reason we've let ourselves down

A razlog razočarenja

is that we're not properly studying

je to što nismo pravilno izučili

how religions handle art.

kako su to riješile religije.

The two really bad ideas that are hovering in the modern world

Dvije veoma loše ideje lebde u modernom svijetu

that inhibit our capacity to draw strength from art:

i sprečavaju nas da izvučemo snagu iz umjetnosti.

The first idea is that art should be for art's sake --

Prva ideja je da umjetnost treba biti sama sebi svrhom --

a ridiculous idea --

što je vrijedno podsmijeha --

an idea that art should live in a hermetic bubble

da umjetnost treba postojati u hermetički zatvorenom oblaku

and should not try to do anything with this troubled world.

i da ne bi trebala imati veze sa problematičnom stvarnošću.

I couldn't disagree more.

Uopće se ne slažem s tim.

The other thing that we believe is that art shouldn't explain itself,

Druga greška je vjerovanje da umjetnost treba objasniti samu sebe,

that artists shouldn't say what they're up to,

da umjetnici ne trebaju objašnjavati svoje namjere,

because if they said it, it might destroy the spell

jer kada bi to otkrili, to bi uništilo čaroliju

and we might find it too easy.

i moglo bi nam postati suviše jednostavno.

That's why a very common feeling when you're in a museum --

Stoga često u muzejima imamo osjećaj -

let's admit it --

- hajde da priznamo -

is, "I don't know what this is about."

"ne razumijem o čemu je ovdje riječ."

But if we're serious people, we don't admit to that.

Ali budući da smo ozbiljni ljudi, nećemo to priznati.

But that feeling of puzzlement is structural

Ali taj osjećaj zbunjenosti je

to contemporary art.

svojstven modernoj umjetnosti.

Now religions have a much saner attitude to art.

Religije imaju puno zdraviji pristup umjetnosti.

They have no trouble telling us what art is about.

Njima ne smeta pojasniti o čemu govori umjetnost.

Art is about two things in all the major faiths.

Umjetnost u svim velikim religijama govori o dvije važne stvari

Firstly, it's trying to remind you

Prvo, ona je tu da bi vas podsjetila

of what there is to love.

šta treba voljeti.

And secondly, it's trying to remind you

Zatim, ona je tu da bi vas podsjetila

of what there is to fear and to hate.

čega se pojati i šta mrziti.

And that's what art is.

To je zapravo umjetnost.

Art is a visceral encounter with the most important ideas of your faith.

Umjetnost je bazični susret sa njavažnijim idejama vjere.

So as you walk around a church,

Tako, kada uđete u crkvu,

or a mosque or a cathedral,

džamiju ili katedralu,

what you're trying to imbibe, what you're imbibing is,

ono što pokušavate upiti,

through your eyes, through your senses,

očima i svim čulima,

truths that have otherwise come to you through your mind.

istine koje su inače svjesno došle do vašeg uma.

Essentially it's propaganda.

Zapravo, to je propaganda.

Rembrandt is a propagandist

Rembrandt je propagandist

in the Christian view.

kršćanskog pogleda na svijet.

Now the word "propaganda" sets off alarm bells.

Danas nam riječ "propaganda" pali upozoravajuće lampice

We think of Hitler, we think of Stalin. Don't, necessarily.

Pomislimo na Hitlera, Staljina, što nije nužno.

Propaganda is a manner of being didactic in honor of something.

Propaganda je način podučavanja u čast nečemu.

And if that thing is good, there's no problem with it at all.

Ako se radi o nečen dobro, onda tu nema problema.

My view is that museums should take a leaf out of the book of religions.

Mislim da bi muzeji trebali uzeti strnicu iz religijskih knjiga.

And they should make sure that when you walk into a museum --

Trebali bi se pobrinuti da kada uđete u muzej-

if I was a museum curator,

kada bih ja bio muzejski kustos,

I would make a room for love, a room for generosity.

opremio bih prostoriju posvećenu ljubavi, ili sobu za velikodušnost.

All works of art are talking to us about things.

Sva umjetnička djela nam govore o nečemu.

And if we were able to arrange spaces

Kada bismo mogli urediti prostor

where we could come across works

gdje bismo se susreli da djelima

where we would be told, use these works of art

gdje bi nam bilo rečeno da ih koristimo

to cement these ideas in your mind,

da utvrdimo te ideje u našu svijest,

we would get a lot more out of art.

imali bismo puno više koristi od umjetnosti.

Art would pick up the duty that it used to have

Umjetnost bi preuzela ulogu koju je nekad imala

and that we've neglected because of certain mis-founded ideas.

a koju smo zapostavili zbog neosnovanih ideja.

Art should be one of the tools

Umjetnost bi trebala biti jedan od načina

by which we improve our society.

da unaprijedimo društvo.

Art should be didactic.

Umjetnost bi trebala podučavati.

Let's think of something else.

Pomislimo nešto drugo.

The people in the modern world, in the secular world,

Ljudi u današnjem modernom, sekularnom svijetu,

who are interested in matters of the spirit,

koji su zainteresirani za duhovna pitanja,

in matters of the mind,

za pitanja uma,

in higher soul-like concerns,

za više duhovne sfere,

tend to be isolated individuals.

često su izolovani pojedinci.

They're poets, they're philosophers, they're photographers, they're filmmakers.

oni su pjesnici, filozofi, fotografi, filmski stvaraoci.

And they tend to be on their own.

I oni teže da budu sami svoji.

They're our cottage industries. They are vulnerable, single people.

Oni su kućne radinosti. Oni su ranjivi, usamljeni ljudi.

And they get depressed and they get sad on their own.

Postaju depresivni i tužni tako usamljeni.

And they don't really change much.

I zapravo ne mijenjaju puno toga.

Now think about religions, think about organized religions.

Sada pomislite na organizovanu religiju.

What do organized religions do?

Šta rade religijske organizacije?

They group together, they form institutions.

Grupišu se, formiraju institucije.

And that has all sorts of advantages.

I to ima cijeli niz prednosti.

First of all, scale, might.

Kao prvo obim, moć.

The Catholic Church pulled in 97 billion dollars last year

Katolička crkva prikupila je 97 milijardi dolara prošle godine

according to the Wall Street Journal.

prema Wall Street Journalu.

These are massive machines.

Religije su moćni mehanizmi.

They're collaborative, they're branded, they're multinational,

Oni sarađuju, imaju brendove, one su multinacionalne,

and they're highly disciplined.

i one su veoma disciplinovane.

These are all very good qualities.

Sve su ovo odlična svojstva.

We recognize them in relation to corporations.

Prepoznajemo ih kod korporacija.

And corporations are very like religions in many ways,

Korporacije liče na religije na mnogo načina,

except they're right down at the bottom of the pyramid of needs.

osim što se nalaze na dnu piramide potreba.

They're selling us shoes and cars.

One nam prodaju cipele i aute.

Whereas the people who are selling us the higher stuff --

Dok su ljudi koji nam prodaju stvari višeg nivoa-

the therapists, the poets --

terapeuti, pjesnici -

are on their own and they have no power,

oni su usamljeni i nemaju snagu,

they have no might.

nemaju moć.

So religions are the foremost example

Tako da su religije najbolji primjer

of an institution that is fighting for the things of the mind.

institucije koja se bori za pitanja svijesti.

Now we may not agree with what religions are trying to teach us,

Sada, možemo se ne slagati sa sadržajem kojem nas religije uče,

but we can admire the institutional way

ali moramo se diviti institucionalnom načinu

in which they're doing it.

kako to one rade.

Books alone, books written by lone individuals,

Same knjige, koje su napisali pojedinci,

are not going to change anything.

neće ništa promijeniti.

We need to group together.

Moramo se grupisati.

If you want to change the world, you have to group together, you have to be collaborative.

Ako želimo promijeniti svijet, moramo se grupisati i sarađivati.

And that's what religions do.

To je ono što religije čine.

They are multinational, as I say,

One su multinacionalne, kao što rekoh.

they are branded, they have a clear identity,

one su brendirane, imaju jasan identitet,

so they don't get lost in a busy world.

tako da se ne izgube u pretrpanom svijetu.

That's something we can learn from.

To je nešto što možemo naučiti.

I want to conclude.

Želim zaključiti.

Really what I want to say

Ono što zapravo želim reći

is for many of you who are operating in a range of different fields,

je da za sve vas koji radite u različitim poljima,

there is something to learn from the example of religion --

postoji nešto što se od religije može naučiti --

even if you don't believe any of it.

čak i ako ne vjerujete ni u šta od toga.

If you're involved in anything that's communal,

Ako se bavite bilo čime zajedničkim,

that involves lots of people getting together,

što uključuje više ljudi zajedno,

there are things for you in religion.

postoje stvari u religiji za vas.

If you're involved, say, in a travel industry in any way,

Ako se uključeni u industriju, recimo u industriju putovanja na bilo koji način,

look at pilgrimage.

pogledajte hodočašća.

Look very closely at pilgrimage.

Pažljivo pogledajte hodočašća.

We haven't begun to scratch the surface

Nismo ni zagrebali površinu

of what travel could be

onoga što bi putovanje moglo biti

because we haven't looked at what religions do with travel.

jer nismo sagledali šta religije čine s putovanjima.

If you're in the art world,

Ako se bavite umjetnošću,

look at the example of what religions are doing with art.

pogledajte primjer šta religije rade s umjetnošću.

And if you're an educator in any way,

Ako podučavate na bilo koji način

again, look at how religions are spreading ideas.

opet, pogledajte kako religije šire ideje.

You may not agree with the ideas,

Možda se ne slažete sa idejama,

but my goodness, they're highly effective mechanisms for doing so.

ali, zaboga, postoje veoma efikasni mehanizmi za širenje ideja.

So really my concluding point

Tako da je moj zaključak

is you may not agree with religion,

da se ne morate slagati sa religijom,

but at the end of the day,

ali na kraju dana,

religions are so subtle, so complicated,

religije su tako suptilne, tako kompleksne,

so intelligent in many ways

tako inteligentne na mnogo načina

that they're not fit to be abandoned to the religious alone;

da ih nije prikladno prepustiti samo vjernicima;

they're for all of us.

one su za sve nas.

Thank you very much.

Hvala mnogo.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

Chris Anderson: Now this is actually a courageous talk,

Chris Anderson: Ovo je zapravo hrabar govor,

because you're kind of setting up yourself in some ways

jer ste se izložili na neki način

to be ridiculed in some quarters.

podsmijehu nekih krugova.

AB: You can get shot by both sides.

AB: Možete biti pogođeni s obje strane.

You can get shot by the hard-headed atheists,

Mogu vas ubiti tvrdokorni ateisti,

and you can get shot by those who fully believe.

ili oni koji potpuno vjeruju.

CA: Incoming missiles from North Oxford at any moment.

CA: Svakog momenta mogu stići projektili iz sjevernog Oxforda.

AB: Indeed.

AB: Uistinu.

CA: But you left out one aspect of religion

CA: Ipak ste izostavili jedan aspekt religije

that a lot of people might say

za koji mnogi ljudi kažu

your agenda could borrow from,

da ih možete posudi u svoju svrhu,

which is this sense --

u smislu da je --

that's actually probably the most important thing to anyone who's religious --

vjerovatno najvažnija stvar za sve koji su religiozni --

of spiritual experience,

duhovno iskustvo,

of some kind of connection

neke vrste povezanosti

with something that's bigger than you are.

sa nečim većim od nas samih.

Is there any room for that experience in Atheism 2.0?

Postoji li mjesto za to u Ateizmu 2.0.?

AB: Absolutely. I, like many of you, meet people

AB: Apsolutno Kao i mnogi od vas

who say things like, "But isn't there something bigger than us,

koji će reći, "Zar ne postoji nešto veće od nas,

something else?"

našto drugo?"

And I say, "Of course." And they say, "So aren't you sort of religious?"

Ja na to kažem,"Naravno." i oni odgovaraju, "Pa zar te to ne čini religioznim?"

And I go, "No." Why does that sense of mystery,

Na šta ja odgovaram. "Ne." Čemu taj osjećaj misterije,

that sense of the dizzying scale of the universe,

taj osjećaj vrtoglave veličine svemira,

need to be accompanied by a mystical feeling?

mora biti vezan za mističnost?

Science and just observation

Nauka i samo posmatranje

gives us that feeling without it,

daju nam taj osjećaj i bez toga,

so I don't feel the need.

tako da nemam potrebu.

The universe is large and we are tiny,

Svemir je tako velik a mi tako mali,

without the need for further religious superstructure.

bez dodatne potrebe za religijskom superstrukturom.

So one can have so-called spiritual moments

Tako da se može doživjeti takozvani spiritualni momentum

without belief in the spirit.

i bez vjerovanja u spiritualno.

CA: Actually, let me just ask a question.

CA: Zapravo, dozvolite mi jedno pitanje.

How many people here would say

Koliko ljudi bi ovdje reklo

that religion is important to them?

da im je religija važna?

Is there an equivalent process

Postoji li ekvivalentan proces

by which there's a sort of bridge

koji bi premostio

between what you're talking about and what you would say to them?

ono o čemu govorite i ono što biste im rekli?

AB: I would say that there are many, many gaps in secular life

AB: Rekao bih da postoje mnog praznine u sekularnom životu

and these can be plugged.

koje treba popuniti.

It's not as though, as I try to suggest,

Nije to tako striktno, što pokušavam reći,

it's not as though either you have religion

da se mora birati između religije

and then you have to accept all sorts of things,

kada morate prihvatiti svakojake stvari,

or you don't have religion

ili nepostojanje religije

and then you're cut off from all these very good things.

kada su vam nedostupni mnogi pozitivni aspekti.

It's so sad that we constantly say,

Tužno je da stalno govorimo,

"I don't believe so I can't have community,

"Ja nisam vjernik pa ne mogu imati zajednicu,

so I'm cut off from morality,

odsječen sam od moralnosti,

so I can't go on a pilgrimage."

i ne mogu ići na hodočašće."

One wants to say, "Nonsense. Why not?"

Želi se reći, "Besmislice. Zašto ne?"

And that's really the spirit of my talk.

I to je zapravo srž moga govora.

There's so much we can absorb.

Postoji mnogo toga što treba svariti.

Atheism shouldn't cut itself off from the rich sources of religion.

Ateizam se ne bi trebao distancirati od bogatih izvora religije.

CA: It seems to me that there's plenty of people in the TED community

CA: Čini mi se da postoji mnogo ljudi u TED zajednici

who are atheists.

koji su ateisti.

But probably most people in the community

Ali vjerovatno većina ljudi u zajednici

certainly don't think that religion is going away any time soon

sigurno ne misli da će religija nestati u dogledno vrijeme

and want to find the language

i želi naći jezik

to have a constructive dialogue

konstruktuvnog dijaloga

and to feel like we can actually talk to each other

i osjećaja da možemo razgovarati jedni s drugima

and at least share some things in common.

i podijeliti ono što nam je zajedničko.

Are we foolish to be optimistic

Jesmo li naivni u svom optimizmu

about the possibility of a world

da je moguć svijet

where, instead of religion being the great rallying cry

gdje, umjesto da religija bude bojni poklič

of divide and war,

podjele i rata,

that there could be bridging?

da bude poveznica?

AB: No, we need to be polite about differences.

AB: Ne, moramo biti fini naspram razlika.

Politeness is a much-overlooked virtue.

Finoća je često zanemarena vrlina.

It's seen as hypocrisy.

Protumačena kao licemjerje.

But we need to get to a stage when you're an atheist

Ali moramo doći u stanje gdje, kada ste ateista

and someone says, "Well you know, I did pray the other day,"

i neko kaže, "Znaš, molio sam neki dan,"

you politely ignore it.

vi to ljubazni ignorišete.

You move on.

Nastavite dalje.

Because you've agreed on 90 percent of things,

Jer se slažete sa 90 posto stvari,

because you have a shared view on so many things,

jer dijelite mišljenja o toliko mnogo stvari,

and you politely differ.

i pristojno se razlikujete.

And I think that's what the religious wars of late have ignored.

I mislim da su to vjerski ratovi ignorisali.

They've ignored the possibility of harmonious disagreement.

Ignorisali su mogućnost hramoničnog neslaganja.

CA: And finally, does this new thing that you're proposing

CA: Na kraju, da li je novost koju predlažete

that's not a religion but something else,

koji nije vjera nego nešto drugo,

does it need a leader,

ako bude trebala vođu.

and are you volunteering to be the pope?

javljate li se dobrovoljno da budete papa?

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

AB: Well, one thing that we're all very suspicious of

AB: Naime, jedna stvar o kojoj smo veoma sumnjičavi

is individual leaders.

su individualni lideri.

It doesn't need it.

To nije potrebno.

What I've tried to lay out is a framework

Ono što sam pokušao postaviti je okvir

and I'm hoping that people can just fill it in.

i nadam se da će ga ljudi jednostavno ispuniti.

I've sketched a sort of broad framework.

Skicirao sam grubi okvir.

But wherever you are, as I say, if you're in the travel industry, do that travel bit.

Ali gdje god da ste, ako ste u putničkoj industriji, prihvatiti dio o putovanjim,

If you're in the communal industry, look at religion and do the communal bit.

ako ste u društvenoj industriji, učite iz vjera dio o zajednicama.

So it's a wiki project.

Tako da je to Wiki projekat.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

CA: Alain, thank you for sparking many conversations later.

CA: Alain, hvala za podsticanje brojnih narednih diskusija.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)