How to gain control of your free time | Laura Vanderkam | TED

Translator: Leslie Gauthier Reviewer: Camille Martínez

Translator: Dženan Kulović Reviewer: Nedžad Neziri

When people find out I write about time management,

Kada ljudi čuju da pišem o menadžmentu vremena,

they assume two things.

pretpostavljaju dvije stvari.

One is that I'm always on time,

Prva je da nikad ne kasnim,

and I'm not.

a, u stvari, kasnim.

I have four small children,

Majka sam četvero dječice,

and I would like to blame them for my occasional tardiness,

i rado bih njih okrivila za povremena kašnjenja,

but sometimes it's just not their fault.

ali ponekad to nije njihova krivica.

I was once late to my own speech on time management.

Kasnila sam na vlastito predavanje o menadžmentu vremena.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

We all had to just take a moment together and savor that irony.

Zajedno smo na trenutak uživali u toj ironiji.

The second thing they assume is that I have lots of tips and tricks

Druga stvar koju pretpostavljaju je da imam puno savjeta i trikova

for saving bits of time here and there.

kako tu i tamo uštedjeli malo vremena.

Sometimes I'll hear from magazines that are doing a story along these lines,

Ponekad dođu do mene magazini na čijim su stranicama nadugo ispisani

generally on how to help their readers find an extra hour in the day.

članci o tome kako pomoći čitaocima da pronađu dodatni sat tokom dana.

And the idea is that we'll shave bits of time off everyday activities,

Ideja je da možemo ukrasti djelić vremena od svakodnevnih aktivnost,

add it up,

dodati ga,

and we'll have time for the good stuff.

i tako pronaći vrijeme za prave stvari.

I question the entire premise of this piece, but I'm always interested

Pitam se šta je osnovna ideja svakog izlaganja, ali mene je uvijek interesovalo

in hearing what they've come up with before they call me.

da čujem šta se od mene očekuje prije nego dobijem poziv.

Some of my favorites:

Neke od mojih omiljenih:

doing errands where you only have to make right-hand turns --

ići u nabavku samo ondje gdje moraš skrenuti desno

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

Being extremely judicious in microwave usage:

Držati se pravila pri korištenju mikrovalne:

it says three to three-and-a-half minutes on the package,

tamo na pakovanju piše tri do tri i po minute,

we're totally getting in on the bottom side of that.

ali mi samo kužimo loše strane ovih postupaka.

And my personal favorite, which makes sense on some level,

Ali moja omiljena, koja donekle ima smisla,

is to DVR your favorite shows so you can fast-forward through the commercials.

jeste snimanje omiljenih serija tako da kasnije premotate reklame.

That way, you save eight minutes every half hour,

Tako uštedite osam minuta na svakih pola sata,

so in the course of two hours of watching TV,

tako da u toku dva sata gledanja televizije,

you find 32 minutes to exercise.

nađu se 32 minute za vježbanje.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

Which is true.

To je tačno.

You know another way to find 32 minutes to exercise?

Ima li bolji način da pronađete 32 minute za vježbanje?

Don't watch two hours of TV a day, right?

Nemojte gledati dva sata televiziju dnevno, može?

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

Anyway, the idea is we'll save bits of time here and there, add it up,

U svakom slučaju, ideja je da uštedimo nešto vremena, zbrojimo ga

we will finally get to everything we want to do.

i napokom smo pronašli vremena za ono što želimo.

But after studying how successful people spend their time

Nakon što sam proučavala kako uspješni ljudi trače vrijeme

and looking at their schedules hour by hour,

i gledala u njihov dnevni raspored za svaki sat,

I think this idea has it completely backward.

mislila sam da je ova ideja totalni promašaj.

We don't build the lives we want by saving time.

Ne gradimo živote kakve želimo štedeći vrijeme.

We build the lives we want,

Gradimo živote kakve želimo,

and then time saves itself.

a vrijeme će se pobrinuti samo za sebe.

Here's what I mean.

Evo na šta mislim.

I recently did a time diary project

Analizirala sam dnevni raspored

looking at 1,001 days in the lives of extremely busy women.

posmatrajući 1001 dan u životu izrazito zauzetih žena.

They had demanding jobs, sometimes their own businesses,

Radile su svakakve poslove, ponekad u svojim firmama,

kids to care for, maybe parents to care for,

brinule se o djeci, svojim roditeljima,

community commitments --

društvenoj zajednici -

busy, busy people.

jako, jako zauzeti ljudi.

I had them keep track of their time for a week

Sedmično su vodile evidenciju o svom vremenu,

so I could add up how much they worked and slept,

tako da sam znala koliko rade a koliko spavaju,

and I interviewed them about their strategies, for my book.

i intervjuisala sam ih o namjerama, za potrebe knjige.

One of the women whose time log I studied

Jedna od žena čiji sam tempo proučavala

goes out on a Wednesday night for something.

izašla je jedne srijede uvečer, poslom.

She comes home to find that her water heater has broken,

Po povratku imala je šta vidjeti: bojler je procurio,

and there is now water all over her basement.

i voda je poplavila cijeli podrum.

If you've ever had anything like this happen to you,

Ako se ikada išta slično ovome dogodi vama,

you know it is a hugely damaging, frightening, sopping mess.

da znate da je to velika šteta i zastrašujući nered.

So she's dealing with the immediate aftermath that night,

Tokom cijele noći bavila se rasklanjanjem velikog nereda,

next day she's got plumbers coming in,

sutradan je pozvala vodoinstalatere,

day after that, professional cleaning crew dealing with the ruined carpet.

dan poslije, pozvala je momke iz agencije da uklone uništeni tepih.

All this is being recorded on her time log.

Sve je ovo zapisala u njen dnevnik,

Winds up taking seven hours of her week.

To joj je ukralo sedam sati od sedmice.

Seven hours.

Sedam sati.

That's like finding an extra hour in the day.

Kao da je uspjela pronaći dodatni sat dnevno.

But I'm sure if you had asked her at the start of the week,

Ali, sigurna sam, da ste nju pitali na početku sedmice,

"Could you find seven hours to train for a triathlon?"

"Možeš li izdvojiti sedam sati da treniraš triatlon?"

"Could you find seven hours to mentor seven worthy people?"

"Možeš li izdvojiti sedam sati da podučavaš sedam vrijednih ljudi?"

I'm sure she would've said what most of us would've said,

Nemam sumnje da bi rekla što i većina nas,

which is, "No -- can't you see how busy I am?"

a to je: "Ne, pa zar ne vidiš koliko sam zauzeta?"

Yet when she had to find seven hours

Ali kada je morala da pronađe sedam sati

because there is water all over her basement,

zato što je voda poplavila njen podrum,

she found seven hours.

ona je pronašla sedam sati.

And what this shows us is that time is highly elastic.

Ovo nam pokazuje da je vrijeme rastezljivo.

We cannot make more time,

Mi ne možemo stvoriti više vremena,

but time will stretch to accommodate what we choose to put into it.

ali se vrijeme rasteže da se prilagodi onome što želimo ukalkulisati u njega.

And so the key to time management

Ključno u menadžmentu vremena

is treating our priorities

je rasporediti naše prioritete

as the equivalent of that broken water heater.

tako da se jednako odnosimo kao prema bojleru koji je procurio.

To get at this,

Da bih bliže objasnila,

I like to use language from one of the busiest people I ever interviewed.

želim govoriti jezikom jedne od zauzetijih žena koje sam intervjuisala.

By busy, I mean she was running a small business

Pod zauzetom, mislim u kontekstu vođenja firme

with 12 people on the payroll,

sa 12 ljudi na punoj plaći,

she had six children in her spare time.

i šestero djece koje odgaja poslije posla.

I was getting in touch with her to set up an interview

Bile smo u kontaktu kako bih je intervjuisala o tome

on how she "had it all" -- that phrase.

kako ona "sve stiže" - znate ta fraza.

I remember it was a Thursday morning,

Sjećam se da je bio četvrtak ujutro,

and she was not available to speak with me.

nije bila u prilici razgovarati sa mnom.

Of course, right?

Naravno, zar ne?

But the reason she was unavailable to speak with me

Razlog zbog kojeg nije mogla razgovarati

is that she was out for a hike,

je taj što je izašla pješačiti,

because it was a beautiful spring morning,

jer je prekrasno proljetno jutro,

and she wanted to go for a hike.

i jednostavno željela je šetati.

So of course this makes me even more intrigued,

Moram reći da me ovo mnogo više zaintrigiralo,

and when I finally do catch up with her, she explains it like this.

i kada sam je uspjela ugrabiti, objasnila mi je zašto ovo voli.

She says, "Listen Laura, everything I do,

Rekla je: "Slušaj Laura, sve što radim,

every minute I spend, is my choice."

svaku minutu koju potrošim, rezultat je mog izbora."

And rather than say,

A nije rekla:

"I don't have time to do x, y or z,"

"Nemam vremena da radim ovo ili ono",

she'd say, "I don't do x, y or z because it's not a priority."

radije bi rekla: "Neću da radim ovo ili ono zato što mi to nije prioritet."

"I don't have time," often means "It's not a priority."

"Nemam vremena", često ima značenje: "Nije mi priortet."

If you think about it, that's really more accurate language.

Ako razmislite o tome, to je mnogo ispravnije reći.

I could tell you I don't have time to dust my blinds,

Mogu vam reći kako nemam vremena da očistim žaluzine,

but that's not true.

ali to nije istina.

If you offered to pay me $100,000 to dust my blinds,

Ali ako mi ponudite 100.000 $ da očistim žaluzine,

I would get to it pretty quickly.

ubrzo bih se prihvatila posla.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

Since that is not going to happen,

Pošto se to sigurno neće dogoditi,

I can acknowledge this is not a matter of lacking time;

moram priznati da izgovor nije manjak vremena;

it's that I don't want to do it.

nego manjak volje da to uradim.

Using this language reminds us that time is a choice.

Upotreba ovih riječi nas podsjeća da je vrijeme izbor.

And granted,

I da napomenem,

there may be horrible consequences for making different choices,

mogu biti kobne posljedice za načinjene različite izbore,

I will give you that.

to vam priznajem.

But we are smart people,

Ali mi smo pametni ljudi

and certainly over the long run,

i gledajući dugoročno,

we have the power to fill our lives

imamo moć ispuniti svoje živote

with the things that deserve to be there.

stvarima koje zaslužuju biti u njemu.

So how do we do that?

Pa kako mi to radimo?

How do we treat our priorities

Kako tretirati prioritete

as the equivalent of that broken water heater?

jednako kao bojler koji je procurio?

Well, first we need to figure out what they are.

Prvo, moramo razmisliti šta su nam prioriteti.

I want to give you two strategies for thinking about this.

Želim vam ukazati na dvije strategije za razmišljanje.

The first, on the professional side:

Prva je s profesionalne strane:

I'm sure many people coming up to the end of the year

sigurna sam da mnogi ljudi pri kraju godine

are giving or getting annual performance reviews.

dobiju ili urade procjenu radnog učinka.

You look back over your successes over the year,

Tada pregledate ono što se postigli u godini,

your "opportunities for growth."

i tražite "mogućnosti za poboljšanja".

And this serves its purpose,

I to ima smisla,

but I find it's more effective to do this looking forward.

ali smatram da je korisnije raditi to s pogledom u budućnost.

So I want you to pretend it's the end of next year.

Evo, zamišljajte da je sada kraj godine.

You're giving yourself a performance review,

Uradili ste vlastitu procjenu radnog učinka,

and it has been an absolutely amazing year for you professionally.

i smatrate da je prošla godina bilo vrlo uspješna za vas.

What three to five things did you do that made it so amazing?

Koje tri, ili recimo pet, stvari ste uradili pa je godina bila uspješna?

So you can write next year's performance review now.

Sada možete napisati procjenu radnog učinka za slijedeću godinu.

And you can do this for your personal life, too.

Sada to možete učiniti i u životu, također.

I'm sure many of you, like me, come December,

Sigurna sam da mnogi od vas, kao ja, kada dođe decembar,

get cards that contain these folded up sheets of colored paper,

dobiju praznične čestitke koje sadrže one presavijene šarene papire

on which is written what is known as the family holiday letter.

na kojima se ispisano ono što zovemo kao porodično praznično pismo.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

Bit of a wretched genre of literature, really,

Žalosti me stil pisama u kojima pročitam, zbilja,

going on about how amazing everyone in the household is,

kako su svi ukućani odlično,

or even more scintillating,

ili, još gore,

how busy everyone in the household is.

kako su prezauzeti.

But these letters serve a purpose,

Ali ova pisma imaju svrhu,

which is that they tell your friends and family

a to je da pokažu prijateljima i porodici

what you did in your personal life that mattered to you over the year.

da ste radili nešto što vam je bitno u životu prošle godine.

So this year's kind of done,

Budući da je godina završila,

but I want you to pretend it's the end of next year,

želim da se pretvarate da je kraj sljedeće godine,

and it has been an absolutely amazing year

i da je bila savršena godina

for you and the people you care about.

za vas i ljude koje volite.

What three to five things did you do that made it so amazing?

Koje tri, ili recimo pet, stvari ste uradili pa je godina bila uspješna?

So you can write next year's family holiday letter now.

Sada možete napisati porodično praznično pismo za sljedeću godinu.

Don't send it.

Nemojte ga poslati.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

Please, don't send it.

Molim vas, nemojte ga poslati.

But you can write it.

Ali ga možete napisati.

And now, between the performance review and the family holiday letter,

Sada, između procjene učinka i prazničnog porodičnog pisma,

we have a list of six to ten goals we can work on in the next year.

imamo listu od šest do deset ciljeva na kojima možemo raditi.

And now we need to break these down into doable steps.

Sada zastanimo i pretvorimo ciljeve u red koraka.

So maybe you want to write a family history.

Možda želiš napisati povijest svoje porodice.

First, you can read some other family histories,

Prvo, potrebno je dapročitaš njih nekoliko,

get a sense for the style.

kako bi osjetio stil.

Then maybe think about the questions you want to ask your relatives,

Nakon toga možeš razmisliti o pitanjima koja ćeš postaviti rođacima,

set up appointments to interview them.

prilikom pripreme za intervju s njima.

Or maybe you want to run a 5K.

Ili možeš istrčati 5 km.

So you need to find a race and sign up, figure out a training plan,

Dakle, potrebno je pronaći utrku i prijaviti se, napraviti plan,

and dig those shoes out of the back of the closet.

i iskopati patike zabačene negdje iza ormara.

And then -- this is key --

A onda - to je ključno -

we treat our priorities as the equivalent of that broken water heater,

odnosimo se prema našim prioritetima kao prema bojleru koji je procurio,

by putting them into our schedules first.

stavljajući ih u raspored na prvo mjesto.

We do this by thinking through our weeks before we are in them.

To činimo razmišljajući o tome sedmicama prije nego dođu.

I find a really good time to do this is Friday afternoons.

Otkrila sam kako je to dobro raditi u petak popodne.

Friday afternoon is what an economist might call

Petak popodne je ono što ekonomisti nazivaju

a "low opportunity cost" time.

vremenom "niskog oportunitetnog troška".

Most of us are not sitting there on Friday afternoons saying,

Većina nas ne sjedi petkom popodne govoreći:

"I am excited to make progress

"Gorim od želje da napravim pomake

toward my personal and professional priorities

prema ostvarenju ličnih i profesionalnih ciljeva

right now."

odmah."

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

But we are willing to think about what those should be.

Ali bi trebali razmisliti o tome šta trebamo uraditi.

So take a little bit of time Friday afternoon,

Molim vas odvojite malo vremena petkom popodne,

make yourself a three-category priority list: career, relationships, self.

napravite listu prioriteta i podijelite ih u tri kategorije: karijera, odnosi, ja.

Making a three-category list reminds us

Ovakva lista nas podsjeća

that there should be something in all three categories.

kako bi sve trebalo biti podijeljeno u tri kategorije.

Career, we think about;

Karijera, o njoj razmišljamo;

relationships, self --

odnosi, ja -

not so much.

ne baš toliko.

But anyway, just a short list,

Svejedno, samo kratka lista,

two to three items in each.

dvije do tri stavke u svakoj od njih.

Then look out over the whole of the next week,

Nakon toga bacite pogled na cijelu iduću sedmicu,

and see where you can plan them in.

i pogledajte gdje ih možete staviti u plan.

Where you plan them in is up to you.

Gdje ćete to uplanirati na vama je.

I know this is going to be more complicated for some people than others.

Znam da će za neke ljude biti mnogo komplikovanije nego za druge.

I mean, some people's lives are just harder than others.

Hoću reći, životi nekih ljudi su teži od drugih.

It is not going to be easy to find time to take that poetry class

Međutim, nije lahko pronaći vrijeme za časove poezije

if you are caring for multiple children on your own.

ako sami brinete o nekoliko djece.

I get that.

Shvatam.

And I don't want to minimize anyone's struggle.

I ne želim umanjiti ničiju borbu.

But I do think that the numbers I am about to tell you are empowering.

Ali mislim kako su brojke koje ću spomenuti ohrabrujuće.

There are 168 hours in a week.

U sedmici imamo 168 sati.

Twenty-four times seven is 168 hours.

Dvadeset četiri puta sedam je 168 sati.

That is a lot of time.

To je puno vremena.

If you are working a full-time job, so 40 hours a week,

Ako ste stalno zaposleni, dakle radite 40 sati sedmično.

sleeping eight hours a night, so 56 hours a week --

spavate osam sati noću, dakle 56 sati sedmično -

that leaves 72 hours for other things.

to vam ostavlja 72 sata za druge stvari.

That is a lot of time.

To je mnogo vremena.

You say you're working 50 hours a week,

Recimo da radite 50 sati sedmično,

maybe a main job and a side hustle.

osnovni posao i neki dodatni.

Well, that leaves 62 hours for other things.

Nakon toga, ostaje vam 62 sata za ostale stvari.

You say you're working 60 hours.

Recimo da radite 60 sati.

Well, that leaves 52 hours for other things.

Nakon toga, ostaje vam 52 sata za ostale stvari.

You say you're working more than 60 hours.

Kažete da radite više od 60 sati.

Well, are you sure?

Pa, jeste li sigurni?

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

There was once a study comparing people's estimated work weeks

Nedavno je rađena studija koja je upoređivala radne sedmice

with time diaries.

na osnovu dnevnog rasporeda.

They found that people claiming 75-plus-hour work weeks

Otkriveno je da ljudi koji tvrde da rade više od 75 sati

were off by about 25 hours.

griješe za oko 25 sati.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

You can guess in which direction, right?

Možete pogađati u kom pravcu, zar ne?

Anyway, in 168 hours a week,

Uglavnom, u 168 sati sedmično,

I think we can find time for what matters to you.

mislim da možete naći vrijeme za stvari koje vas ispunjavaju.

If you want to spend more time with your kids,

Ako želite da provodite više vremena s djecom,

you want to study more for a test you're taking,

ako želite da više učite za test koji polažete,

you want to exercise for three hours and volunteer for two,

želite da vježbate tri sata i volontirate dva sata,

you can.

to i možete.

And that's even if you're working way more than full-time hours.

To je tako ako radite mnogo više sati od punog radnog vremena.

So we have plenty of time, which is great,

Dakle, imamo mnogo vremena, što je dobro,

because guess what?

jer, znate šta?

We don't even need that much time to do amazing things.

Čak nam i ne treba mnogo vremena za nevjerovatne stvari.

But when most of us have bits of time, what do we do?

Međutim, kada imamo malo vremena, šta tada mi radimo?

Pull out the phone, right?

Izvadimo telefon, zar ne?

Start deleting emails.

Počnemo brisati mailove.

Otherwise, we're puttering around the house

Osim toga, motamo se po kući

or watching TV.

ili gledamo TV.

But small moments can have great power.

Međutim, mali trenuci znaju imati veliku snagu.

You can use your bits of time

Možete koristiti kratke predahe

for bits of joy.

za kratka uživanja.

Maybe it's choosing to read something wonderful on the bus

Možda je to izbor nečeg korisnog za čitanje

on the way to work.

na putu za posao.

I know when I had a job that required two bus rides

Radila sam na poslu koji je tražio dvije vožnje

and a subway ride every morning,

busom i jednu metroom - stalno;

I used to go to the library on weekends to get stuff to read.

imala sam naviku otići vikendom u biblioteku da uzmem knjige.

It made the whole experience almost, almost, enjoyable.

To je, za mene, bilo neponovljivo iskustvo.

Breaks at work can be used for meditating or praying.

Pauze na poslu se mogu iskoristiti za meditaciju ili molitvu.

If family dinner is out because of your crazy work schedule,

Ako ne možeš večerati s porodicom jer imaš ludu radnu sedmicu,

maybe family breakfast could be a good substitute.

možda porodični doručak može biti dobra alternativa.

It's about looking at the whole of one's time

Radi se o sagledavanju cjelokupnog vremena svakoga ponaosob

and seeing where the good stuff can go.

i mogućnosti da se ugrade u njega prave stvari.

I truly believe this.

Ja doista vjerujem u to.

There is time.

Ima vremena.

Even if we are busy,

Čak i ako smo zauzeti,

we have time for what matters.

ima vremena za ono što je važno.

And when we focus on what matters,

A kad se fokusiramo na ono što je važno,

we can build the lives we want

možemo živjeti živote kakve želimo,

in the time we've got.

u vremenu koje imamo.

Thank you.

Hvala vam.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)