How to gain control of your free time | Laura Vanderkam | TED

Translator: Leslie Gauthier Reviewer: Camille Martínez

Prevodilac: Ivana Krivokuća Lektor: Tijana Mihajlović

When people find out I write about time management,

Kada ljudi saznaju da pišem o upravljanju vremenom,

they assume two things.

pretpostavljaju dve stvari.

One is that I'm always on time,

Jedna je da uvek stižem na vreme,

and I'm not.

što nije tačno.

I have four small children,

Imam četvoro male dece

and I would like to blame them for my occasional tardiness,

i volela bih da ih okrivim za svoje povremeno kašnjenje,

but sometimes it's just not their fault.

ali ponekad prosto nije njihova krivica.

I was once late to my own speech on time management.

Jednom sam kasnila na sopstveni govor o upravljanju vremenom.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

We all had to just take a moment together and savor that irony.

Svi smo morali da zastanemo na trenutak i uživamo u toj ironiji.

The second thing they assume is that I have lots of tips and tricks

Druga stvar koju pretpostavljaju je da imam mnogo saveta i trikova

kako tu i tamo uštedeti malo vremena.

for saving bits of time here and there.

Ponekad se čujem sa časopisima koji se bave pričom vezano za to,

Sometimes I'll hear from magazines that are doing a story along these lines,

generally on how to help their readers find an extra hour in the day.

uglavnom o tome kako pomoći njihovim čitaocima

da pronađu dodatnih sat vremena dnevno.

And the idea is that we'll shave bits of time off everyday activities,

Ideja je da ćemo skinuti malo vremena od svakodnevnih aktivnosti,

add it up,

sve to sabrati,

and we'll have time for the good stuff.

a onda ćemo imati vremena za lepe stvari.

I question the entire premise of this piece, but I'm always interested

Dovodim u pitanje čitavu pretpostavku ove priče,

ali me uvek zanima da čujem šta su smislili pre nego što me pozovu.

in hearing what they've come up with before they call me.

Ovo su neke od mojih omiljenih ideja:

Some of my favorites:

doing errands where you only have to make right-hand turns --

obavljanje poslova tako da skrećete samo udesno -

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Being extremely judicious in microwave usage:

Vrlo pametno rasuđivati u pogledu korišćenja mikrotalasne -

it says three to three-and-a-half minutes on the package,

na pakovanju piše tri to tri i po minuta,

we're totally getting in on the bottom side of that.

a svi kapiramo lošu stranu toga.

A lično moja omiljena ideja, koja donekle ima smisla,

And my personal favorite, which makes sense on some level,

jeste snimati svoje omiljene serije tako da možete premotati reklame.

is to DVR your favorite shows so you can fast-forward through the commercials.

Tako uštedite osam minuta na svakih pola sata,

That way, you save eight minutes every half hour,

tako da tokom dva sata gledanja televizije

so in the course of two hours of watching TV,

nađete 32 minuta za vežbanje.

you find 32 minutes to exercise.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Which is true.

Što je tačno.

You know another way to find 32 minutes to exercise?

Znate još jedan način da nađete 32 minuta za vežbanje?

Don't watch two hours of TV a day, right?

Ne gledajte televiziju dva sata dnevno, zar ne?

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Uglavnom, ideja je da ćemo uštedeti malo vremena tu i tamo, saberemo ga,

Anyway, the idea is we'll save bits of time here and there, add it up,

we will finally get to everything we want to do.

i konačno ćemo moći da radimo sve što hoćemo.

But after studying how successful people spend their time

Međutim, nakon što sam izučavala koliko uspešno ljudi troše svoje vreme

and looking at their schedules hour by hour,

i gledala njihove rasporede sat za satom,

I think this idea has it completely backward.

mislim da je ova zamisao naopako postavljena.

We don't build the lives we want by saving time.

Mi ne gradimo život kakav želimo štedeći vreme.

We build the lives we want,

Mi gradimo život kakav želimo

and then time saves itself.

i onda se vreme samo štedi.

Here's what I mean.

Evo na šta mislim.

Nedavno sam sprovela projekat dnevnika vremena

I recently did a time diary project

looking at 1,001 days in the lives of extremely busy women.

gde sam pregledala 1001 dan u životu izuzetno zauzetih žena.

They had demanding jobs, sometimes their own businesses,

Imale su zahtevne poslove, ponekad sopstvene firme,

kids to care for, maybe parents to care for,

decu ili možda roditelje o kojima su se starale,

community commitments --

obaveze u zajednici -

busy, busy people.

veoma zauzete osobe.

I had them keep track of their time for a week

Zadala sam im da beleže svoje vreme tokom nedelju dana

tako da mogu da saberem koliko su radile i spavale,

so I could add up how much they worked and slept,

and I interviewed them about their strategies, for my book.

i intervjuisala sam ih za svoju knjigu u vezi sa njihovim strategijama.

One of the women whose time log I studied

Jedna od žena čiji dnevnik sam proučavala izašla je u sredu uveče po nešto.

goes out on a Wednesday night for something.

She comes home to find that her water heater has broken,

Vraća se kući da bi shvatila da se njen bojler pokvario

and there is now water all over her basement.

i sada je voda svuda po njenom podrumu.

If you've ever had anything like this happen to you,

Ako vam se ikada ovako nešto dogodilo,

you know it is a hugely damaging, frightening, sopping mess.

znate da je to mokar i strašan haos koji stvara veliku štetu.

So she's dealing with the immediate aftermath that night,

Tako ona te noći rešava neposredne posledice,

next day she's got plumbers coming in,

sledećeg dana dovede vodoinstalatera,

day after that, professional cleaning crew dealing with the ruined carpet.

a dan nakon toga profesionalni tim za čišćenje sređuje uništen tepih,

All this is being recorded on her time log.

Sve to je zabeleženo u njenom dnevniku vremena.

Na kraju joj to oduzme sedam sati u nedelji.

Winds up taking seven hours of her week.

Seven hours.

Sedam sati.

That's like finding an extra hour in the day.

To je kao da nađete dodatnih sat vremena dnevno.

But I'm sure if you had asked her at the start of the week,

Ipak, da ste je pitali na početku nedelje:

"Could you find seven hours to train for a triathlon?"

„Da li bi mogla naći sedam sati da treniraš za triatlon?“

"Could you find seven hours to mentor seven worthy people?"

„Da li bi mogla naći sedam sati da budeš mentor sedam vrednih osoba?“,

I'm sure she would've said what most of us would've said,

sigurna sam da bi rekla ono što bi rekla većina nas,

which is, "No -- can't you see how busy I am?"

a to je: „Ne, zar ne vidiš koliko sam zauzeta?“

Yet when she had to find seven hours

A ipak, kada je morala da nađe sedam sati

because there is water all over her basement,

jer je bilo vode svuda po njenom podrumu,

she found seven hours.

pronašla je sedam sati.

Ovo nam pokazuje da je vreme vrlo rastegljivo.

And what this shows us is that time is highly elastic.

We cannot make more time,

Ne možemo da stvorimo više vremena,

but time will stretch to accommodate what we choose to put into it.

ali vreme će se rastegnuti da se prilagodi onome što odlučimo da u njega unesemo.

And so the key to time management

Dakle, ključ za upravljanje vremenom

is treating our priorities

je ophođenje prema našim prioritetima

as the equivalent of that broken water heater.

kao jednakim pokvarenom bojleru.

Da bih ovo objasnila, volim da upotrebim reči

To get at this,

I like to use language from one of the busiest people I ever interviewed.

jedne od najzauzetijih osoba koju sam ikada intervjuisala.

By busy, I mean she was running a small business

Pod zauzetošću podrazumevam da je predvodila malu fimu

with 12 people on the payroll,

sa 12 ljudi na platnom spisku,

she had six children in her spare time.

a imala je šestoro dece u slobodno vreme.

I was getting in touch with her to set up an interview

Stupala sam u kontakt sa njom da bih zakazala intervju

on how she "had it all" -- that phrase.

o tome kako je „imala sve“ - to je ta fraza.

I remember it was a Thursday morning,

Sećam se da je bio četvrtak ujutru

and she was not available to speak with me.

i nije bila dostupna da razgovara sa mnom.

Of course, right?

Naravno, zar ne?

But the reason she was unavailable to speak with me

Međutim, razlog tome što nije bila dostupna da priča sa mnom

is that she was out for a hike,

je to što je izašla na pešačenje,

because it was a beautiful spring morning,

jer je bilo lepo prolećno jutro

i htela je da pešači.

and she wanted to go for a hike.

So of course this makes me even more intrigued,

Naravno, to me je još više zaintrigiralo,

and when I finally do catch up with her, she explains it like this.

a kada sam se konačno našla sa njom, ovako je to objasnila.

Ona kaže: „Slušaj, Lora, sve što radim,

She says, "Listen Laura, everything I do,

every minute I spend, is my choice."

svaki minut koji utrošim, moj je izbor.“

And rather than say,

Umesto da kaže:

„Nemam vremena da radim x, y ili z“,

"I don't have time to do x, y or z,"

she'd say, "I don't do x, y or z because it's not a priority."

rekla bi: „Ne radim x, y ili z zato što to nije prioritet.“

"I don't have time," often means "It's not a priority."

„Nemam vremena“ često znači „to nije prioritet“.

Ako razmislite o tome, to jeste tačnije rečeno.

If you think about it, that's really more accurate language.

I could tell you I don't have time to dust my blinds,

Mogla bih vam reći da nemam vremena da obrišem prašinu sa roletni,

but that's not true.

ali to nije tačno.

If you offered to pay me $100,000 to dust my blinds,

Kada biste mi ponudili 100 000 dolara da obrišem roletne,

I would get to it pretty quickly.

prionula bih na to prilično hitro.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Since that is not going to happen,

Pošto se to neće desiti,

mogu da priznam da nije stvar u nedostatku vremena,

I can acknowledge this is not a matter of lacking time;

već u tome da to ne želim da radim.

it's that I don't want to do it.

Using this language reminds us that time is a choice.

Korišćenje ovog jezika nas podseća da je vreme izbor.

And granted,

Istina,

there may be horrible consequences for making different choices,

može biti užasnih posledica za donošenje različitih odluka,

I will give you that.

to vam priznajem.

But we are smart people,

No, mi smo pametni ljudi,

and certainly over the long run,

i sigurno je da na duže staze

we have the power to fill our lives

imamo potencijal da ispunimo život

with the things that deserve to be there.

stvarima koje zaslužuju da budu tu.

So how do we do that?

Pa, kako da to uradimo?

Kako da tretiramo svoje prioritete

How do we treat our priorities

as the equivalent of that broken water heater?

kao jednake pokvarenom bojleru?

Well, first we need to figure out what they are.

Pa, prvo moramo da otkrijemo šta su oni.

I want to give you two strategies for thinking about this.

Želim da vam iznesem dve strategije za razmišljanje o ovome.

The first, on the professional side:

Prvo, sa profesionalne strane -

I'm sure many people coming up to the end of the year

sigurna sam da mnogi, kako se bližimo kraju godine,

are giving or getting annual performance reviews.

daju ili dobijaju godišnje ocene učinka.

Pogledate unazad svoje uspehe tokom godine,

You look back over your successes over the year,

your "opportunities for growth."

svoje „prilike za razvoj“.

And this serves its purpose,

To služi svojoj svrsi,

but I find it's more effective to do this looking forward.

ali smatram da je delotvornije raditi ovo gledajući napred.

So I want you to pretend it's the end of next year.

Hoću da se pretvarate da je kraj sledeće godine.

You're giving yourself a performance review,

Dajete sebi ocenu učinka,

and it has been an absolutely amazing year for you professionally.

i to je za vas profesionalno bila apsolutno neverovatna godina.

What three to five things did you do that made it so amazing?

Koje tri do pet stvari ste radili zbog kojih je bila tako neverovatna?

So you can write next year's performance review now.

Možete sada da napišete procenu učinka za sledeću godinu.

And you can do this for your personal life, too.

To možete da uradite i za svoj lični život.

I'm sure many of you, like me, come December,

Sigurna sam da mnogi među vama, poput mene, kad dođe decembar,

get cards that contain these folded up sheets of colored paper,

dobijaju čestitke koje sadrže one savijene obojene papire

on which is written what is known as the family holiday letter.

na kojima je napisano ono što je poznato kao porodično praznično pismo.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Bit of a wretched genre of literature, really,

Pomalo je žalostan žanr književnosti

going on about how amazing everyone in the household is,

koji govori o tome kako su svi ukućani neverovatni,

or even more scintillating,

ili, još sjajnije,

how busy everyone in the household is.

koliko su svi ukućani zauzeti.

But these letters serve a purpose,

Ipak, ova pisma služe svrsi,

which is that they tell your friends and family

a to je da govore vašim prijateljima i porodici

what you did in your personal life that mattered to you over the year.

šta ste radili u ličnom životu što vam je bilo značajno tokom godine.

Ova godina je maltene gotova,

So this year's kind of done,

but I want you to pretend it's the end of next year,

ali hoću da se pretvarate da je kraj sledeće godine,

and it has been an absolutely amazing year

da je bila apsolutno neverovatna godina

for you and the people you care about.

za vas i ljude do kojih vam je stalo.

What three to five things did you do that made it so amazing?

Koje tri do pet stvari ste radili zbog kojih je bila tako neverovatna?

So you can write next year's family holiday letter now.

Možete sada da napišete praznično pismo porodice za sledeću godinu.

Don't send it.

Ne šaljite ga.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Please, don't send it.

Molim vas, ne šaljite ga,

But you can write it.

ali možete ga napisati.

And now, between the performance review and the family holiday letter,

Sada, između procene učinka i porodičnog prazničnog pisma,

imamo spisak od šest do deset ciljeva na kojima možemo raditi sledeće godine.

we have a list of six to ten goals we can work on in the next year.

And now we need to break these down into doable steps.

Treba da ih podelimo na izvodljive korake.

So maybe you want to write a family history.

Možda želite da napišete porodičnu istoriju.

First, you can read some other family histories,

Najpre možete da pročitate istorije nekih drugih porodica,

get a sense for the style.

da steknete utisak o stilu.

Then maybe think about the questions you want to ask your relatives,

Onda možda razmislite o pitanjima koja biste postavili srodnicima

set up appointments to interview them.

i dogovorite sastanke da biste ih intervjuisali.

Or maybe you want to run a 5K.

Ili možda hoćete da učestvujete u trci na pet kilometara.

So you need to find a race and sign up, figure out a training plan,

Treba da pronađete trku i prijavite se,

and dig those shoes out of the back of the closet.

osmislite plan treniranja i iskopate patike sa dna ormara.

And then -- this is key --

A zatim - ovo je ključno -

we treat our priorities as the equivalent of that broken water heater,

tretiramo svoje prioritete kao jednake pokvarenom bojleru,

by putting them into our schedules first.

tako što ih stavimo na prvo mesto u rasporedu.

We do this by thinking through our weeks before we are in them.

To radimo tako što promislimo nedelje pre nego što one nastupe.

I find a really good time to do this is Friday afternoons.

Smatram da je veoma dobro vreme za ovo petak popodne.

Friday afternoon is what an economist might call

Petak popodne je nešto što bi ekonomisti mogli nazvati

a "low opportunity cost" time.

vreme „malog oportunitetnog troška“.

Most of us are not sitting there on Friday afternoons saying,

Većina nas ne sedi petkom popodne govoreći:

"I am excited to make progress

„Uzbuđena sam što napredujem

toward my personal and professional priorities

ka svojim ličnim i profesionalnim prioritetima

right now."

u ovom trenutku.“

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

No, spremni smo da razmišljamo o tome šta bi oni trebalo da budu.

But we are willing to think about what those should be.

So take a little bit of time Friday afternoon,

Stoga uzmite malo vremena od petka popodne,

make yourself a three-category priority list: career, relationships, self.

napravite sebi spisak prioriteta od tri kategorije:

karijera, odnosi, lične stvari.

Making a three-category list reminds us

Sastavljanje spiska od tri kategorije

podseća nas da nešto treba da postoji u svakoj od tri kategorije.

that there should be something in all three categories.

Career, we think about;

O karijeri razmišljamo,

relationships, self --

a o odnosima sa drugima i o sebi

not so much.

ne naročito.

But anyway, just a short list,

Uglavnom, samo kratka lista,

two to three items in each.

dve do tri stavke u svakoj.

Then look out over the whole of the next week,

Zatim sagledajte ceo period tokom sledeće nedelje

and see where you can plan them in.

i vidite gde možete da ih isplanirate.

Where you plan them in is up to you.

Gde ih planirate je na vama.

I know this is going to be more complicated for some people than others.

Znam da će ovo biti komplikovanije za neke ljude nego ostalima.

I mean, some people's lives are just harder than others.

Mislim, život pojedinih osoba je prosto teži od života drugih.

It is not going to be easy to find time to take that poetry class

Neće biti lako naći vremena za pohađanje časova poezije

if you are caring for multiple children on your own.

ako se starate o nekoliko svoje dece.

I get that.

Razumem to.

And I don't want to minimize anyone's struggle.

Ne želim da potcenjujem bilo čije napore.

But I do think that the numbers I am about to tell you are empowering.

Ipak, mislim da brojevi koje ću vam navesti daju snagu.

There are 168 hours in a week.

U nedelji je 168 sati.

Twenty-four times seven is 168 hours.

Dvadeset četiri puta sedam je 168 sati.

That is a lot of time.

To je mnogo vremena.

If you are working a full-time job, so 40 hours a week,

Ako radite puno radno vreme, dakle, 40 sati nedeljno,

sleeping eight hours a night, so 56 hours a week --

spavate osam sati noću, dakle, 56 sati nedeljno -

that leaves 72 hours for other things.

ostaje 72 sata za druge stvari.

That is a lot of time.

To je mnogo vremena.

You say you're working 50 hours a week,

Kažete da radite 50 sati nedeljno,

maybe a main job and a side hustle.

možda glavni posao i poslić sa strane.

Well, that leaves 62 hours for other things.

Pa, to ostavlja 62 sata za druge stvari.

You say you're working 60 hours.

Kažete da radite 60 sati.

Well, that leaves 52 hours for other things.

Pa, to ostavlja 52 sata za druge stvari.

You say you're working more than 60 hours.

Kažete da radite više od 60 sati.

Well, are you sure?

Pa, jeste li sigurni?

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Bilo je sprovedeno istraživanje koje je upoređivalo

There was once a study comparing people's estimated work weeks

procenjene radne nedelje ljudi pomoću dnevnika vremena.

with time diaries.

They found that people claiming 75-plus-hour work weeks

Otkrili su da su ljudi koji tvrde da rade 75 i više sati nedeljno

were off by about 25 hours.

grešili za oko 25 sati.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

You can guess in which direction, right?

Pretpostavljate u kom pravcu, zar ne?

Anyway, in 168 hours a week,

Uglavnom, u 168 sati nedeljno,

I think we can find time for what matters to you.

mislim da možete naći vremena za ono do čega vam je stalo.

If you want to spend more time with your kids,

Ako želite da provodite više vremena sa decom,

you want to study more for a test you're taking,

ako želite da više učite za ispit koji polažete,

you want to exercise for three hours and volunteer for two,

želite da vežbate tri sata i volontirate dva sata,

you can.

to i možete.

And that's even if you're working way more than full-time hours.

Čak i ako radite mnogo više od punog radnog vremena.

So we have plenty of time, which is great,

Dakle, imamo dosta vremena, što je sjajno,

because guess what?

jer znate šta?

We don't even need that much time to do amazing things.

Čak nam i ne treba toliko vremena za neverovatne stvari.

But when most of us have bits of time, what do we do?

Međutim, kada većina nas ima malo vremena, šta radimo?

Pull out the phone, right?

Izvadimo telefon, je l' tako?

Start deleting emails.

Počnemo da brišemo imejlove.

Otherwise, we're puttering around the house

Pored toga se vrzmamo po kući

or watching TV.

ili gledamo TV.

But small moments can have great power.

Međutim, mali trenuci mogu imati veliku snagu.

You can use your bits of time

Možete koristiti svoje kratke trenutke

for bits of joy.

za kratka uživanja.

Maybe it's choosing to read something wonderful on the bus

Možda je to izbor da čitate nešto divno u autobusu

na putu ka poslu.

on the way to work.

I know when I had a job that required two bus rides

Kada sam imala posao koji je zahtevao dve vožnje autobusom

and a subway ride every morning,

i vožnju metroom svakog jutra,

I used to go to the library on weekends to get stuff to read.

imala sam običaj da idem u biblioteku vikendom da nabavim stvari za čitanje.

It made the whole experience almost, almost, enjoyable.

To je čitavo to iskustvo učinilo skoro prijatnim.

Breaks at work can be used for meditating or praying.

Pauze na poslu se mogu koristiti za meditaciju ili molitvu.

If family dinner is out because of your crazy work schedule,

Ako porodična večera otpada zbog vašeg ludog rasporeda na poslu,

maybe family breakfast could be a good substitute.

možda porodični doručak može biti dobra zamena.

It's about looking at the whole of one's time

Radi se o sagledavanju celokupnog vremena osobe

and seeing where the good stuff can go.

i uviđanju gde mogu da stanu lepe stvari.

I truly believe this.

Iskreno verujem u to.

There is time.

Ima vremena.

Even if we are busy,

Čak i ako smo zauzeti,

we have time for what matters.

imamo vremena za ono što je važno.

And when we focus on what matters,

A kada se usredsredimo na ono što je važno,

we can build the lives we want

možemo sagraditi živote kakve želimo

in the time we've got.

u okviru vremena koje imamo.

Thank you.

Hvala.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)