How to gain control of your free time | Laura Vanderkam | TED

Translator: Leslie Gauthier Reviewer: Camille Martínez

Translator: Nika Kotnik Reviewer: Tilen Pigac - EFZG

When people find out I write about time management,

Ko ljudje izvejo, da pišem o upravljanju s časom,

they assume two things.

predvidevajo dve stvari.

One is that I'm always on time,

Prva je, da sem vedno točna,

and I'm not.

in nisem.

I have four small children,

Imam štiri majhne otroke

and I would like to blame them for my occasional tardiness,

in rada bi jih okrivila za moje občasno zamujanje,

but sometimes it's just not their fault.

a včasih pač ni njihova krivda.

I was once late to my own speech on time management.

Enkrat sem zamudila na lasten govor o upravljanju s časom.

(Smeh)

(Laughter)

We all had to just take a moment together and savor that irony.

Vsi smo si morali vzeti trenutek in uživati v tej ironiji.

The second thing they assume is that I have lots of tips and tricks

Druga stvar pa je, da predvidevajo, da sem polna nasvetov in trikov,

for saving bits of time here and there.

kako prihraniti drobce časa tu in tam.

Včasih to slišim od revij, ki pišejo članek v tem stilu,

Sometimes I'll hear from magazines that are doing a story along these lines,

generally on how to help their readers find an extra hour in the day.

ponavadi o tem, kako naj bralci v svojem dnevu najdejo dodatno uro časa.

And the idea is that we'll shave bits of time off everyday activities,

Ideja je, da bomo z vsakodnevnih aktivnosti odbili drobce časa,

add it up,

jih združili in imeli bomo čas za nekaj dobrega.

and we'll have time for the good stuff.

I question the entire premise of this piece, but I'm always interested

Dvomim v celotno predpostavko tega članka, a me vedno zanima, česa so se domislili,

in hearing what they've come up with before they call me.

preden so me poklicali.

Nekaj mojih najljubših:

Some of my favorites:

doing errands where you only have to make right-hand turns --

opravki, pri katerih se obračaš samo v desno -

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Being extremely judicious in microwave usage:

Biti zelo preudaren pri uporabi mikrovalovke:

če na embalaži piše od tri minute do tri in pol, absolutno ciljamo na spodnjo mejo.

it says three to three-and-a-half minutes on the package,

we're totally getting in on the bottom side of that.

In moja najljubša, ki je na nek način celo smiselna,

And my personal favorite, which makes sense on some level,

je, da posnamete svoje najljubše oddaje, da lahko prevrtite naprej skozi reklame.

is to DVR your favorite shows so you can fast-forward through the commercials.

Tako prihranite osem minut vsake pol ure,

That way, you save eight minutes every half hour,

tako v dveh urah gledanja televizije,

so in the course of two hours of watching TV,

najdete 32 minut za telovadbo.

you find 32 minutes to exercise.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Which is true.

Kar je res.

You know another way to find 32 minutes to exercise?

Veste, kako lahko še najdete 32 minut za telovadbo?

Don't watch two hours of TV a day, right?

Ne glejte televizije 2 uri na dan, ok?

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Kakorkoli, ta ideja, da bomo prihranili čas tu in tam, ga združili,

Anyway, the idea is we'll save bits of time here and there, add it up,

we will finally get to everything we want to do.

in se končno lotili vsega, kar želimo.

But after studying how successful people spend their time

A ko raziščemo, kako uspešni ljudje preživljajo svoj čas

and looking at their schedules hour by hour,

in pogledamo njihov urnik uro za uro,

I think this idea has it completely backward.

menim, da je ta ideja popolnoma napačna.

We don't build the lives we want by saving time.

Življenja, ki ga hočemo, ne zgradimo s tem, da prihranimo čas.

We build the lives we want,

Zgradimo življenje, kot ga hočemo,

and then time saves itself.

in čas se prihrani sam.

Here's what I mean.

Tole mislim.

Nedavno sem naredila projekt dnevnika

I recently did a time diary project

in pogledala 1001 dan v življenju zelo zaposlenih žensk.

looking at 1,001 days in the lives of extremely busy women.

They had demanding jobs, sometimes their own businesses,

Imele so zahtevne službe, včasih svoja podjetja,

kids to care for, maybe parents to care for,

skrbele so za otroke, morda tudi za starše,

obveznosti v skupnosti -

community commitments --

busy, busy people.

zelo zaposlene osebe.

I had them keep track of their time for a week

Sledila sem njihovemu času en teden,

da bi lahko seštela, koliko časa so delale in spale,

so I could add up how much they worked and slept,

in jih intervjuvala o njihovih strategijah za mojo knjigo.

and I interviewed them about their strategies, for my book.

Ena izmed žensk, ki sem jo preučevala, gre v sredo zvečer po opravkih.

One of the women whose time log I studied

goes out on a Wednesday night for something.

Ko pride domov ugotovi, da se ji je pokvaril bojler

She comes home to find that her water heater has broken,

and there is now water all over her basement.

in voda je poplavila celo klet.

If you've ever had anything like this happen to you,

Če se vam je že kdaj zgodilo kaj takega,

you know it is a hugely damaging, frightening, sopping mess.

veste, da je to grozna mokra zmeda, ki povzroči veliko škode.

So she's dealing with the immediate aftermath that night,

Tako se s trenutno škodo ukvarja tisto noč,

next day she's got plumbers coming in,

naslednji dan pridejo vodovodarji,

naslednji dan čistilci, ki se ukvarjajo z uničeno preprogo.

day after that, professional cleaning crew dealing with the ruined carpet.

All this is being recorded on her time log.

In to se zapiše v njen dnevnik.

Na koncu ji vzame sedem ur v tednu.

Winds up taking seven hours of her week.

Seven hours.

Sedem ur.

To je, kot če bi našli dodatno uro na dan.

That's like finding an extra hour in the day.

But I'm sure if you had asked her at the start of the week,

A prepričana sem, če bi jo vprašali na začetku tedna:

"Could you find seven hours to train for a triathlon?"

"Bi lahko našla sedem ur, da bi trenirala za triatlon?"

"Could you find seven hours to mentor seven worthy people?"

"Bi lahko našla sedem ur za mentorstvo sedmim ljudem?"

I'm sure she would've said what most of us would've said,

Sem prepričana, da bi rekla enako kot večina izmed nas,

which is, "No -- can't you see how busy I am?"

in sicer, "Ne - kaj ne vidiš, kako sem zaposlena?"

Yet when she had to find seven hours

A ko je morala najti sedem ur,

because there is water all over her basement,

ker je imela klet polno vode,

jih je našla.

she found seven hours.

In to nam pokaže, da je čas izredno elastičen.

And what this shows us is that time is highly elastic.

We cannot make more time,

Ne moremo narediti več časa,

but time will stretch to accommodate what we choose to put into it.

a čas se bo raztegnil, da bo prostor za tisto, kar damo vanj.

And so the key to time management

In ključ do tega upravljanja s časom je,

is treating our priorities

da obravnavamo naše prioritete

as the equivalent of that broken water heater.

kot enakovredne tistemu pokvarjenemu bojlerju.

Da se tega lotim,

To get at this,

rada uporabim jezik ene od najbolj zaposlenih oseb, kar sem jih intervjuvala.

I like to use language from one of the busiest people I ever interviewed.

By busy, I mean she was running a small business

S tem mislim, da je imela manjše podjetje z 12 zaposlenimi,

with 12 people on the payroll,

v prostem času pa 6 otrok.

she had six children in her spare time.

I was getting in touch with her to set up an interview

Stopila sem v kontakt z njo, da bi naredila intervju,

kako "ji vse uspeva" - ta fraza.

on how she "had it all" -- that phrase.

I remember it was a Thursday morning,

Bilo je četrtkovo jutro in ni bila na voljo za pogovor.

and she was not available to speak with me.

Of course, right?

Normalno, kajne?

But the reason she was unavailable to speak with me

A razlog, da ni bila na voljo za pogovor z mano,

je bil, da je šla na pohod,

is that she was out for a hike,

because it was a beautiful spring morning,

ker je bilo lepo pomladno jutro in želela si je na pohod.

and she wanted to go for a hike.

So of course this makes me even more intrigued,

Seveda sem bila potem še bolj radovedna

and when I finally do catch up with her, she explains it like this.

in ko sva se končno ujeli, mi je takole pojasnila.

Pravi: "Poslušaj, Laura, vse, kar počnem,

She says, "Listen Laura, everything I do,

every minute I spend, is my choice."

kako preživim vsako minuto, je moja odločitev."

And rather than say,

In namesto, da bi rekla,

"Nimam časa za x, y, ali z"

"I don't have time to do x, y or z,"

she'd say, "I don't do x, y or z because it's not a priority."

reče, "Ne delam x, y ali z, ker ni prioriteta."

"I don't have time," often means "It's not a priority."

"Nimam časa", pogosto pomeni, "Ni prioriteta."

In ko pomisliš, je tako bolj točno.

If you think about it, that's really more accurate language.

I could tell you I don't have time to dust my blinds,

Lahko bi rekla, da nimam časa za brisanje prahu z žaluzij, a to ni res.

but that's not true.

If you offered to pay me $100,000 to dust my blinds,

Če bi mi ponudili 100.000 $, da jih obrišem, bi to storila precej hitro.

I would get to it pretty quickly.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Since that is not going to happen,

Ker pa se to ne bo zgodilo,

lahko priznam, da ne gre za pomanjkanje časa,

I can acknowledge this is not a matter of lacking time;

tega pač nočem početi.

it's that I don't want to do it.

Using this language reminds us that time is a choice.

Z uporabo tega jezika se spomnimo, da imamo izbiro.

And granted,

In seveda,

there may be horrible consequences for making different choices,

drugačnim odločitvam lahko sledijo grozne posledice,

I will give you that.

to priznam.

But we are smart people,

A smo pametni

and certainly over the long run,

in dolgoročno

we have the power to fill our lives

imamo moč, da zapolnimo življenja

with the things that deserve to be there.

s stvarmi, ki si zaslužijo, da so tam.

So how do we do that?

Kako torej to storimo?

Kako obravnavati prioritete kot enakovredne pokvarjenemu bojlerju?

How do we treat our priorities

as the equivalent of that broken water heater?

Well, first we need to figure out what they are.

Najprej moramo ugotoviti, kakšne so.

I want to give you two strategies for thinking about this.

Želim vam dati dve strategiji za to.

Najprej glede profesionalne strani.

The first, on the professional side:

Prepričana sem, da vas veliko konec leta daje in dobiva letne ocene dela.

I'm sure many people coming up to the end of the year

are giving or getting annual performance reviews.

Pogledate nazaj na uspehe preteklega leta,

You look back over your successes over the year,

your "opportunities for growth."

na "priložnosti za razvoj."

And this serves its purpose,

In to služi svojemu namenu,

but I find it's more effective to do this looking forward.

a menim, da je bolj učinkovito, če gledamo naprej.

Želim, da se pretvarjate, da je konec naslednjega leta.

So I want you to pretend it's the end of next year.

You're giving yourself a performance review,

Sebi pišete letno oceno

and it has been an absolutely amazing year for you professionally.

in za vas je bilo to leto na profesionalnem področju neverjetno.

Katerih pet stvari ste naredili, da je bilo tako neverjetno?

What three to five things did you do that made it so amazing?

So you can write next year's performance review now.

Zato si lahko sedaj napišete oceno za letos.

And you can do this for your personal life, too.

Enako lahko naredite za zasebno življenje.

I'm sure many of you, like me, come December,

Prepričana sem, da mnogi izmed vas, tako kot jaz, decembra

get cards that contain these folded up sheets of colored paper,

dobite kartice, v katerih so zloženi listi pisanega papirja,

on which is written what is known as the family holiday letter.

na katerih je napisano družinsko praznično pismo.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Precej klavrn literarni žanr,

Bit of a wretched genre of literature, really,

going on about how amazing everyone in the household is,

v katerem opisuje, kako neverjetni so vsi v gospodinjstvu,

or even more scintillating,

ali še boljše,

kako so vsi zaposleni.

how busy everyone in the household is.

But these letters serve a purpose,

A ta pisma imajo smisel,

which is that they tell your friends and family

in to je, da povedo vašim prijateljem in družini,

what you did in your personal life that mattered to you over the year.

kaj ste pomembnega naredili v osebnem življenju čez leto.

To leto je nekako končano,

So this year's kind of done,

a pretvarjajte se, da je konec naslednjega leta

but I want you to pretend it's the end of next year,

and it has been an absolutely amazing year

in bilo je absolutno neverjetno leto

za vas in za ljudi, ki so vam blizu.

for you and the people you care about.

What three to five things did you do that made it so amazing?

Katerih tri do pet stvari ste naredili, da je bilo tako neverjetno?

So you can write next year's family holiday letter now.

Tako lahko napišete družinsko praznično pismo že zdaj.

Don't send it.

Ne pošljite ga.

(Smeh)

(Laughter)

Prosim, ne pošljite ga.

Please, don't send it.

Lahko ga pa napišete.

But you can write it.

And now, between the performance review and the family holiday letter,

Sedaj imamo z oceno dela in družinskim prazničnim pismom

we have a list of six to ten goals we can work on in the next year.

seznam šestih do desetih ciljev, na katerih lahko delamo naslednje leto.

And now we need to break these down into doable steps.

In sedaj moramo to razdeliti na izvedljive korake.

So maybe you want to write a family history.

Morda si želite napisati družinsko zgodovino.

First, you can read some other family histories,

Lahko si najprej preberete kakšno drugo, da dobite občutek za stil.

get a sense for the style.

Potem se domislite vprašanj za svoje sorodnike,

Then maybe think about the questions you want to ask your relatives,

določite datume za intervju.

set up appointments to interview them.

Ali pa si želite preteči 5 km.

Or maybe you want to run a 5K.

So you need to find a race and sign up, figure out a training plan,

Najti morate tek in se nanj prijaviti, pripraviti načrt za trening

and dig those shoes out of the back of the closet.

in izkopati čevlje iz zadnjega dela omare.

In potem - to je ključno -

And then -- this is key --

we treat our priorities as the equivalent of that broken water heater,

naše prioritete obravnavamo kot enakovredne pokvarjenemu bojlerju

by putting them into our schedules first.

tako, da so prve na urniku.

We do this by thinking through our weeks before we are in them.

To naredimo tako, da premislimo naše tedne, preden so tu.

I find a really good time to do this is Friday afternoons.

Zelo dober čas za to se mi zdi petek popoldne.

Friday afternoon is what an economist might call

Petek popoldne je čas, ki bi mu ekonomisti morda rekli

a "low opportunity cost" time.

čas nizkih oportunitetnih stroškov.

Most of us are not sitting there on Friday afternoons saying,

Večina nas v petek popoldne ne sedi in pravi:

"I am excited to make progress

"Navdušen sem, da bom napredoval

toward my personal and professional priorities

proti svojim osebnim in profesionalnim prioritetam

right now."

zdaj."

(Smeh)

(Laughter)

A pripravljeni smo pomisliti, kaj bi te lahko bile.

But we are willing to think about what those should be.

So take a little bit of time Friday afternoon,

Zato si vzemite nekaj časa v petek popoldne,

make yourself a three-category priority list: career, relationships, self.

naredite seznam prioritet s tremi kategorijami: kariera, razmerje, jaz.

Making a three-category list reminds us

Ko naredimo seznam s tremi kategorijami, nas to opomni,

that there should be something in all three categories.

da mora biti nekaj v vseh treh kategorijah.

Kariera, na to pomislimo;

Career, we think about;

relationships, self --

razmerja, jaz -

not so much.

pa niti ne.

But anyway, just a short list,

A kakorkoli, samo kratek seznam,

two to three items in each.

dve do tri stvari v vsaki.

Potem poglej čez celoten naslednji teden,

Then look out over the whole of the next week,

and see where you can plan them in.

in poglej, kam ji lahko splaniraš.

Kam jih splanirate, je odvisno od vas.

Where you plan them in is up to you.

I know this is going to be more complicated for some people than others.

Vem, da bo za nekatere to bolj zahtevno kot za druge.

I mean, some people's lives are just harder than others.

S tem mislim, da so življenja nekaterih ljudi težja kot druga.

It is not going to be easy to find time to take that poetry class

Ne bo lahko najti časa za tečaj poezije,

if you are caring for multiple children on your own.

če skrbite za več otrok čisto sami.

To razumem.

I get that.

In nočem podcenjevati truda drugih.

And I don't want to minimize anyone's struggle.

But I do think that the numbers I am about to tell you are empowering.

A mislim, da številke, ki vam jih bom povedala, dajejo moč.

There are 168 hours in a week.

V tednu je 168 ur.

Twenty-four times seven is 168 hours.

Štiriindvajsetkrat sedem je 168 ur.

That is a lot of time.

To je veliko časa.

If you are working a full-time job, so 40 hours a week,

Če ste polno zaposleni, torej 40 ur na teden,

sleeping eight hours a night, so 56 hours a week --

spite 8 ur na dan, torej 56 ur na teden -

that leaves 72 hours for other things.

nam to pusti 72 ur za druge stvari.

That is a lot of time.

To je veliko časa.

You say you're working 50 hours a week,

Če delate 50 ur na teden,

maybe a main job and a side hustle.

morda službo in malo ob strani,

Well, that leaves 62 hours for other things.

vam to pusti 62 ur za druge stvari.

You say you're working 60 hours.

Recimo, da delate 60 ur na teden.

Well, that leaves 52 hours for other things.

Tako vam ostane 52 ur za druge stvari.

You say you're working more than 60 hours.

Recimo, da delate več kot 60 ur na teden.

Well, are you sure?

Ste prepričani?

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Neka študija je primerjala ocenjene delovne tedne ljudi

There was once a study comparing people's estimated work weeks

z njihovimi dnevniki.

with time diaries.

They found that people claiming 75-plus-hour work weeks

Ugotovili so, da so ljudje, ki so trdili, da delajo 75 ur in več,

were off by about 25 hours.

bili v zmoti za kakšnih 25 ur.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Lahko si mislite, v katero smer, ne?

You can guess in which direction, right?

Anyway, in 168 hours a week,

Kakorkoli, v 168 urah na teden,

I think we can find time for what matters to you.

menim, da lahko najdete čas za tisto, kar vam je pomembno.

If you want to spend more time with your kids,

Če si želite preživeti več časa z otroki,

če želite več študirati za izpit,

you want to study more for a test you're taking,

you want to exercise for three hours and volunteer for two,

če želite telovaditi tri ure in dve uri volontirati,

you can.

lahko.

And that's even if you're working way more than full-time hours.

In to celo, če delate veliko več kot polni delavnik.

So we have plenty of time, which is great,

Imamo torej veliko časa, kar je krasno, ker veste kaj?

because guess what?

We don't even need that much time to do amazing things.

Sploh ne potrebujemo toliko časa, za neverjetne stvari.

But when most of us have bits of time, what do we do?

Ampak ko imamo malo časa, kaj naredimo?

Pull out the phone, right?

Potegnemo ven telefon, kajne?

Start deleting emails.

Začnemo brisati e-maile.

Otherwise, we're puttering around the house

Ali pa se premikamo po hiši,

or watching TV.

ali pa gledamo televizijo.

A majhni trenutki imajo lahko veliko moč.

But small moments can have great power.

You can use your bits of time

Lahko uporabite drobce časa

za drobce veselja.

for bits of joy.

Maybe it's choosing to read something wonderful on the bus

Morda, da izberete nekaj lepega za branje na avtobusu na poti v službo.

on the way to work.

I know when I had a job that required two bus rides

Ko sem imela službo, oddaljeno 2 vožnji z avtobusom

and a subway ride every morning,

in eno s podzemno, vsako jutro,

I used to go to the library on weekends to get stuff to read.

sem šla vsak vikend v knjižnico po nekaj za branje.

In celotna izkušnja je bila skoraj, skoraj prijetna.

It made the whole experience almost, almost, enjoyable.

Breaks at work can be used for meditating or praying.

Odmore v službi lahko izkoristite za meditacijo ali molitev.

If family dinner is out because of your crazy work schedule,

Če družinska večerja odpade zaradi vašega norega delavnika,

maybe family breakfast could be a good substitute.

je morda družinski zajtrk dober nadomestek.

It's about looking at the whole of one's time

Gre za to, da pogledate na čas kot celoto

in vidite, kam lahko gredo dobre stvari.

and seeing where the good stuff can go.

I truly believe this.

To res verjamem.

Čas je.

There is time.

Even if we are busy,

Tudi če smo zelo zaposleni,

we have time for what matters.

imamo čas za nekaj, kar je pomembno.

And when we focus on what matters,

Ko se osredotočimo na to, kar je pomembno,

we can build the lives we want

zgradimo življenja kot si želimo,

in the time we've got.

s časom, ki ga imamo.

Thank you.

Hvala.

(Applause)

(Aplavz)